Higher Handgrip Strength Research Articles

Cross-cultural perception of strength, attractiveness, aggressiveness and helpfulness of Maasai male faces calibrated to handgrip strength

Previous research has demonstrated that Maasai and Europeans tend to align in their ratings of the physical strength and aggressiveness of Maasai male faces, calibrated to hand grip strength (HGS). However, perceptions of attractiveness of these faces differed among populations. In this study, three morphs of young Maasai men created by means of geometric morphometrics, and depicting the average sample and two extrema (± 4 SD of HGS), were assessed by men and women from Tanzania, Czech Republic, Russia, Pakistan, China, and Mexico (total sample = 1540). The aim of this study was to test cross-cultural differences in the perception of young Maasai men’s composites calibrated to HGS, focusing on four traits: physical strength, attractiveness, aggressiveness, and helpfulness. Individuals from all six cultures were able to distinguish between low, medium, and high HGS portraits. Across all study populations, portrait of Maasai men with lower HGS was perceived as less attractive, more aggressive, and less helpful. This suggests that people from diverse populations share similar perceptions of physical strength based on facial shape, as well as attribute similar social qualities like aggressiveness and helpfulness to these facial images. Participants from all samples rated the composite image of weak Maasai men as the least attractive.

High hand grip strength is a significant risk factor and a useful predictor of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is one of the most critical complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Studies on predictive factors for POPF that can be identified preoperatively are limited. Recent reports have highlighted the association between the preoperative nutritional status, including sarcopenia, and postoperative complications. We examined preoperative risk factors for POPF after PD, focusing on nutritional indicators. A total of 153 consecutive patients who underwent PD at our institution were enrolled in this study. Preoperative nutritional parameters, including hand grip strength (HGS) and skeletal muscle mass as components of sarcopenia, were incorporated into the analysis. POPFs were categorized according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF) definition as biochemical (grade A) or clinically relevant (CR-POPF; grades B and C). Thirty-seven of the 153 patients (24.1%) fulfilled the ISGPF definition of CR-POPF postoperatively. In the univariate analysis, the incidence of CR-POPF was associated with male sex, non-pancreatic tumor diseases, a high body mass index, a high HGS and a high skeletal muscle mass index. In the multivariate analysis, non-pancreatic tumor diseases and an HGS ≥23.0 kg were selected as independent risk factors for CR-POPF (P <0.05). A high HGS, a screening tool for sarcopenia, was a risk factor for CR-POPF. It can accurately serve as a useful predictor of POPF risk in patients undergoing PD. These results highlight the potential of sarcopenia to reduce the incidence of POPF and highlight the need to clarify the mechanism of POPF occurrence.

Unveiling the relationship of physical literacy with muscular fitness and muscle-strengthening activities in adolescents: the EHDLA study

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the relationship between physical literacy (PL) and muscular fitness (MF) as well as muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) in adolescents.MethodsA secondary cross-sectional study included 823 adolescents (45.1% boys) from...

Higher handgrip strength is linked to higher salience ventral attention functional network segregation in older adults

Converging evidence suggests that handgrip strength is linked to cognition in older adults, and this may be subserved by shared age-related changes in brain function and structure. However, the interplay among handgrip strength, brain functional connectivity, and cognitive function remains poorly elucidated. Hence, our study sought to examine these relationships in 148 community-dwelling older adults. Specifically, we examined functional segregation, a measure of functional brain organization sensitive to ageing and cognitive decline, and its associations with handgrip strength and cognitive function. We showed that higher handgrip strength was related to better processing speed, attention, and global cognition. Further, higher handgrip strength was associated with higher segregation of the salience/ventral attention network, driven particularly by higher salience/ventral attention intra-network functional connectivity of the right anterior insula to the left posterior insula/frontal operculum and right midcingulate/medial parietal cortex. Importantly, these handgrip strength-related inter-individual differences in salience/ventral attention network functional connectivity were linked to cognitive function, as revealed by functional decoding and brain-cognition association analyses. Our findings thus highlight the importance of the salience/ventral attention network in handgrip strength and cognition, and suggest that inter-individual differences in salience/ventral attention network segregation and intra-network connectivity could underpin the handgrip strength-cognition relationship in older adults.

Separate and combined associations of obesity and handgrip strength with cognitive function in older adults: A national cross-sectional study in China

ABSTRACT This study examined the separate and combined associations of obesity and handgrip strength with cognitive function in older adults. In total 4,839 older adults were included in this cross-sectional study, and their body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength were measured. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. Three individual categories were created for BMI (normal weight: 18.5≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m2 overweight: 24.0≤ BMI < 28.0 kg/m2 and obesity: BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2 and handgrip strength (low, normal, and high tertiles), and then these categories were pooled together. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the individual and combined associations of obesity and handgrip strength with cognitive function. Results indicated that overweight adults had a lower rate of lower cognitive function than normal weight adults. There was an inverse association between handgrip strength and cognitive function. Participants with overweight and high handgrip strength had a lower likelihood of lower cognitive function compared to those with normal weight and normal handgrip strength. The findings suggested that overweight or high handgrip strength was associated with lower odds of cognitive decline. Moreover, the concurrence of overweight and high handgrip strength had an additive effect on cognitive function in older adults.

Association of Underweight and Hand Grip Strength with the Risk of All-cause Mortality in Older Adults

PURPOSE This study investigated the impact of underweight and hand grip strength (HGS) levels on the risk of all-cause mortality in older adults.METHODS Data from the 2006 baseline and 2020 follow-up assessments of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), involving 3,009 older Koreans (≥65 years) were used in the study. Participants were categorized based on body mass index (BMI) as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese and grouped according to the Asian Working Group Sarcopenia criteria into high or low HGS. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of all-cause mortality according to BMI and HGS categories.RESULTS During the 11.3±4.0 years follow-up period, 1,334 deaths from all causes occurred. The risk of death by BMI and HGS level was analyzed. The results showed that the risk of death in the overweight and high HGS group (HR=0.773, p=.016) was significantly lower than that in the normal weight &amp; high HGS group (HR=1). In comparison, the risk of death in the underweight &amp; low HGS group (HR=1.930, p&lt;.001) and the normal weight &amp; high HGS group (HR=1.225, p=.014) were significantly higher than normal weight &amp; high HGS. However, the risk of death in the underweight and high HGS group showed no significant difference compared to the normal weight and high HGS group.CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that improving muscle strength through regular exercise may be important in preventing the risk of all-cause mortality due to being underweight.

SLEEP DISORDERS AND MUSCLE STRENGTH IN OLDER MEXICAN AMERICANS: SEX DIFFERENCES

Abstract We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study for the Elderly to examine sex differences in the relationship between sleep duration and handgrip strength (HGS) among Mexican Americans aged ≥ 77 years with normal or high HGS (≥ 17 in women and ≥ 27 in men) at baseline over a 9-year period (2007/08 to 2012/13; N=1542). Measures included socio-demographics, sleep duration, HGS (Kg), body mass index, medical conditions, depressive symptoms, physical function, cognitive function, disability, and pain. We categorized sleep duration as ≤ 7, 8, 9, and ≥ 10 hours/night and used linear mixed models to estimate the changes in HGS as a function of sleep duration by sex, adjusting for covariates. Both men and women in the highest sleep duration group (≥10 hours/night) had on average the greatest decline in HGS (1.54 kg and 0.95 kg, respectively) compared to those who slept 8 hours/night, after controlling for all covariates over the follow-up period. Older age, time (years), depressive symptoms, one or more falls in the last year, and low physical function were associated with greater decline in HGS among women. Older age and time (years) were associated with greater decline in HGS among men. In conclusion, longer sleep duration was associated with greater loss of HGS over time in older Mexican Americans. Sleep health promotion and sleep behavioral interventions may reduce the risk of decline in HGS, which has been associated with disability, institutionalization, and mortality in this population.

Association of diet quality with hand grip strength weakness and asymmetry in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.

Hand grip strength (HGS) is an important diagnostic tool for sarcopenia and a reliable predictor for age-related chronic diseases and mortality. Interventions in nutrition have been shown as a low-cost strategy to maintain muscular strength and mass. However, there are limited data on the effect of diet on HGS in Southeast Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the association of diet quality with HGS weakness and asymmetry in a multi-ethnic population in Singapore. This cross-sectional study used data from the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (n = 1547). Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ and summarised as the Dietary Quality Index - International (DQI-I). HGS was calculated as the maximum value of six measurements from both hands. HGS weakness and asymmetry were defined using well-recognised criteria. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were utilised for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, physical activity and smoking status. It was found that the highest quartile of DQI-I was significantly associated with higher HGS (β = 1·11; 95 % CI 0·41, 1·82; Pfor trend < 0·001) and lower odds of HGS asymmetry (OR = 0·71; 95 % CI 0·53, 0·94; Pfor trend = 0·035) and both HGS weakness and asymmetry (OR = 0·50; 95 % CI 0·32, 0·76; Pfor trend = 0·004). Among the different components of DQI-I, only dietary adequacy was significantly associated with higher HGS (Pfor trend < 0·001) and lower odds for both HGS weakness and asymmetry (Pfor trend = 0·006). Our findings support that DQI-I, an indicator of overall diet quality, can be used to provide dietary guidelines for prevention and management of muscle wasting, sarcopenia and frailty.

Associations Between Dermatoglific Characteristics and Manual Hold Strength in Men

Dermatoglyphics is a method that makes it possible to detect potential physical capacities such as muscle strength, which is essential for sports performance and is also related to health outcomes. The aim of this study was to verify associations between dermatoglyphic marks and handgrip strength in men. The study included 367 men with a mean age of 23.79 ± 4.97. The handgrip strength was collected by a manual dynamometer and the dermatoglyphic variables using the Dermatoglyphic Reader® validated by Nodari Júnior et al., according to the protocol proposed by Cummins and Midlo. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 20.0, assigning a significance level of p &lt;0.05. To verify the normality of the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. To verify differences between means, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used and for associations, the Chi-square test with adjusted residuals analysis. Superiority was observed in the means in MESQL1 and MDSQL1 among individuals with high handgrip strength in relation to those with low handgrip strength. Among the categorical variables, there was an association between the Ulnar Loop (UL) in the low strength group, the Arch (A) in the normal strength group and the Radial Loop (RL) in the high strength group, all in the MET2. It is concluded that dermatoglyphics can be used to identify individuals with low and high handgrip strength, enabling the detection and guidance of talents in sports, as well as individuals at risk of negative health outcomes.

Untangle the relationship of muscle mass and bone mineral content on handgrip strength: Results of ELSA-Brasil.

The study aims to investigate the independent association of muscle mass (MM) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the performance of the handgrip strength (HGS) test and whether there is effect modification by sex and age. In 12,491 participants from the ELSA-Brasil we estimated the associations between MM, BMC and HGS using linear regression models. All the analyses were performed for total population, also stratified for sex and age. For total population an interaction term was included between each explanatory variable of interest with sex and age to verify the presence of effect modification. We observed that the higher quintiles of MM and BMC were associated to an increasing in the mean of HGS compared to the first quintile, with greater magnitudes in men compared to women, also adults compared to elderly. When we estimated the independent effect of each exposure of interest, MM showed stronger effect in HGS in women, men and adults then BMC. In conclusion, we observed that higher amounts of MM and BMC are associated with higher HGS, regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and lifestyle, with this effect being greater in men and adults.

Association of Nutritional Status and Diet Diversity with Skeletal Muscle Strength and Quality of Life among Older Arab Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

There is little research evaluating skeletal muscle strength, nutritional status, and quality of life in older Arab adults. This study examined the association of nutritional status with skeletal muscle strength and quality of life among older adults living in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among older adults (n = 166 older adults; 57.8% females) who visited primary outpatient clinics at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh City. Sociodemographic data, Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF), diet variety score (DVS), and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) were assessed. Furthermore, handgrip strength (HGS) and knee extension strength (KES) were measured to evaluate skeletal muscle strength. Malnourishment and risk of malnutrition were found in 16.9% of our sample. Nutritional status was significantly associated with muscle strength and HR-QoL (p < 0.05). The well-nourished group had higher HGS, KES, and total HR-QoL scores compared to the at risk of malnutrition or malnourished group. Moreover, there was a moderate positive correlation between MNA-SF and total HR-QoL scores (r = 0.40). The percentage of individuals in the well-nourished group categorized with a high or moderate DVS was significantly higher than those at risk of malnutrition or are malnourished; however, DVS was not associated with muscle strength and HR-QoL. The MNA-SF score had a significant positive correlation with HGS (r = 0.30) and KES (r = 0.23). An increase in the MNA-SF score was significantly associated with higher odds of being moderate/high (HGS and HR-QoL) in the crude and adjusted models. In conclusion, maintaining adequate nutritional status is beneficial for preserving skeletal muscle strength and promoting better HR-QoL among older individuals. Therefore, applications of appropriate nutritional and muscle strength assessments in geriatric care institutions are recommended.

The quality of life in Alzheimer’s disease is not associated with handgrip strength but with activities of daily living–a composite study from 28 European countries

ObjectivesThe relationship between handgrip strength (HGS) and quality of life is inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between HGS and quality of life in the settings of ageing and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).MethodsWe investigated the HGS, CASP-12 (control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure) measure of quality of life, and physical capacity in European adults above 50, including controls (n = 38,628) and AD subjects (n = 460) using the survey of health, ageing, and retirement in Europe (SHARE; 2022).ResultsAD subjects exhibited lower HGS and CASP-12 scores than controls (both p < 0.05). Participants with higher CASP-12 quartiles had higher HGS in controls but not in AD subjects. A linear positive relation was found between HGS and CASP-12 in controls (0.0842, p < 0.05) but not in AD subjects (0.0636, p = 0.091). There was no effect of gender on this finding. Lastly, we found significant negative associations of difficulties walking, rising from chair, climbing stairs, and fatigue with CASP-12 scores in controls and AD subjects (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsAltogether, HGS was not associated with quality of life in individuals with AD. Conversely, difficulties in activities of daily living seem to be negatively associated with quality of life; thus, strategies are recommended to improve physical capacity.

Association between Weight Loss and Hand-Grip Strength with Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

PURPOSE: This study investigated the association between weight loss and handgrip strength (HGS) with cause-specific mortality in middle-aged and older adults.METHODS: A total of 8,175 participants (54.1% women) aged ≥45 years, who participated in the Korean longitudinal study of aging (KLoSA) were included. Study participants were classified as stable weight and 5 kg or more weight loss group based on weight change and as high, middle, and low categories based on HGS distributions. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) according to weight change status and HGS levels.RESULTS: During 13.0±3.1 years of follow-up, there were 1,809 (22.1%) deaths. In all-cause mortality, middle HGS (stable weight; HR=1.289, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001; weight loss; HR=1.723, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) and low HGS (stable weight; HR=1.665, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001; weight loss; HR=2.488, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) resulted in an increased risk of mortality compared to stable weight and high HGS (HR=1). Similarly, in non-CVD mortality, middle HGS (stable weight; HR=1.241, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=.005; weight loss; HR=1.816, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) and low HGS (stable weight; HR=1.611, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001; weight loss; HR=2.658, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.001) resulted in an increased risk of mortality compared to stable weight and high HGS (HR=1). However, in the high HGS category, no significant differences in the risk of all-cause and non-CVD mortality according to weight change were observed.CONCLUSIONS: The current finding suggested that the promotion of upper body muscular strength may play an important role in preventing premature death from all-cause and non-CVD, especially among those who suffer from weight loss.

Clinical Impact of Pretransplantation Physical Function on Transplantation after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Older Adults

Clinical research regarding the impact of pretransplantation physical function on transplantation outcomes in older adults remains limited. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 150 consecutive patients age >55 years who underwent their first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) at our center between 2010 and 2021. We evaluated the clinical impact of pretransplantation physical function, including hand grip strength (HGS), knee extension strength (KES), and distance covered in a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), along with other clinical factors, on transplantation outcomes such as overall survival (OS), nonrelapse mortality (NRM), and cumulative incidence of disease relapse (CIR). There was no difference in OS, NRM, or CIR among the 3 age groups studied (56 to 60 years, 61 to 65 years, and 66 to 70 years). With regard to physical function tests, we divided the study patients into 2 groups based on the median HGS, KES, and 6MWT values: higher physical function and lower physical function groups. Because there were significant differences in HGS and KES between male and female patients, sex-specific threshold values were used. In a univariate analysis, OS tended to be better in the higher physical function group compared with the lower physical function group (4-year OS, 42.0% versus 32.0% in HGS, P=.14; 44.8% versus 37.8% in KES, P=.17; 46.7% versus 30.5% in 6MWT, P=.099). NRM was significantly lower in the higher physical function group (4-year NRM, 25.5% versus 39.9% in HGS, P=.045; 17.7% versus 38.0% in KES, P=.005; 22.5% versus 43.4% in 6MWT, P=.033). There was no significant difference in CIR between the higher and lower physical function groups (4-year CIR, 34.6% versus 28.7% in HGS, P=.38; 38.5% versus 25.8% in KES, P=.20; 33.0% versus 27.0% in 6MWT, P=.42). In multivariate analysis, the higher KES group (hazard ratio [HR], .54; 95% confidence interval [CI], .32 to .90) was significantly associated with better OS, as were female sex (HR, .48; 95% CI, .26 to .89) and low/intermediate Disease Risk Index (HR, 3.59; 95% CI, 2.04 to 6.31). Higher KES (HR, .37; 95% CI, .17 to .83) and female sex (HR .36; 95% CI, .13 to .998) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of NRM. Higher HGS and higher 6MWT tended to be associated with a reduced risk of NRM, but this trend was not statistically significant. Pretransplantation physical function, particularly the strength of the lower extremities, but not chronological age, is associated with NRM and OS after allogeneic HCT in adults age >55 years.

Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents: Association to Pubertal Alterations and Muscular Strength

Objectives: Interventional strategies aiming to prevent obesity in children do not always consider how obesity influences the process of pubertal maturation and its implications. Additionally, maturation status could play a vital role in performing specific physical capabilities. This study aims to analyze the association of obesity, pubertal timing and tempo, and muscular strength in children and adolescents from a developing country.&#x0D; Methods: We measured height, weight, sitting height, estimated leg length, and waist circumference (WC) and estimated the age at peak height velocity (APHV) of 125 children (58% girls, 8.9 ± 0.4 years) and 82 adolescents (45% girls, 12.8 ± 0.3 years) from public schools in Northwest Mexico. We also collected data on physical activity, handgrip strength, and socioeconomic and demographic information.&#x0D; Results: Waist circumference (WC) was associated with early APHV (β = 0.006, p = 0.010) but not with a faster height gain (β = -0.012, p = 0.146). Earlier APHV and higher WC were both associated with higher handgrip strength (β = 3.86, p &lt; 0.001; β = 0.098, p = 0.005, respectively).&#x0D; Conclusions: Results suggest that higher WC was related to pubertal maturation patterns and results in better muscular strength performance. This data could improve the design and implementation of interventional strategies and public policies to decrease childhood obesity.

ACE Inhibitors Improve Skeletal Muscle by Preserving Neuromuscular Junctions in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Hypertension and skeletal muscle decline are common findings in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors preserve skeletal muscle and physical capacity; however, the driving mechanisms are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of ACE inhibitors on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) with relevance to skeletal muscle and physical capacity in AD patients and age-matched controls. We evaluated controls (n = 59) and three groups of AD patients, including normotensive (n = 51) and patients with hypertension taking ACE inhibitors (n = 53) or other anti-hypertensive medications (n = 49) at baseline and one year later. We measure plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation, handgrip strength (HGS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) as markers of physical capacity. At baseline AD patients demonstrated lower HGS and SPPB scores and higher CAF22 levels than controls, irrespective of the hypertension status (all p < 0.05). The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with higher HGS and relative maintenance of SPPB scores, gait speed, and plasma CAF22 levels. Conversely, other anti-hypertensive medications were associated with an unaltered HGS, reduced SPPB scores and elevated plasma CAF22 levels (both p < 0.05). We also found dynamic associations of CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and SPPB in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (all p < 0.05). These changes were associated with reduced oxidative stress in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (p < 0.05). Altogether, ACE inhibitors are associated with higher HGS, preserved physical capacity, and the prevention of NMJ degradation in hypertensive AD patients.

Relationship of handgrip strength with health indicators of people living with HIV in west Pará, Brazil.

Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important health indicator that can be influenced by body composition and biochemical markers of people living with HIV, contributing to better understanding of health-related outcomes. To analyze the relationship between HGS and health indicators in people living with HIV. Cross-sectional study, with 207 people living with HIV, attending a reference center, located in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Data collection covered sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, physical activity level, body composition, and HGS information. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, adopting p < .05. There was a predominance of men (60%), aged 33-47years (42%). A relationship was observed between adequate HGS and the male sex (p < .001), and adequate values for body mass index (p = .003), abdominal circumference (p < .001), and total cholesterol (p = .012). In addition, higher values of fat mass (p < .001), and lower lean mass (p = .006) were observed for people living with HIV with low HGS. People living with HIV present an association between lean body mass and high HGS. On the other hand, low HGS favored obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Thus, monitoring HGS is an important indicator of body, laboratory, and functional capacity changes, with HGS being an additional element in the clinical evaluation.

Handgrip Strength in Lung Transplant Candidates and Recipients.

Handgrip strength is increasingly used to assess muscle strength in various conditions. In this review, we investigated handgrip strength in patients receiving or awaiting lung transplant. For this integrative review, we searched 8 databases from inception through February 2023. Two keyword entries, "handgrip strength" and "lung transplantation," were matched using the Boolean operator, AND. No filters were applied for document type, age, sex, publication date, language, and subject. The searched databases returned 73 citations. Nine articles considering 487 patients (49% female) were included in the final analysis; 7 studies were observational, and 2 were randomized controlled trials. In 7 of 9 studies, handgrip strength was measured with a hydraulic dynamometer. In candidates for lung transplant, handgrip strength ranged from 27.1 kg (before rehabilitation) to 31.2 kg (after rehabilitation). In lung transplant recipients, handgrip strength ranged from 21.1 kg (before rehabilitation) to 35.7 kg (after rehabilitation). Handgrip strength in lung transplant candidates with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was higher (89 ± 18% predicted) versus patients with interstitial lung disease (79 ± 18% predicted). Improvements in maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure were observed in those patients whose handgrip strength improved after rehabilitation. Nonsarcopenic patients walked longer distances for the 6-minute walking test (>450 m) versus sarcopenic patients (<310 m) and had higher handgrip strength (>20 kg) versus sarcopenic patients (<20 kg). Handgrip strength testing should be implemented both in preoperative and postoperative contexts to evaluate physical potential of patients and drive rehabilitative activities toward the most impaired domains.

Preoperative assessment for vascular access: Vascular mapping and handgrip strength.

Reliable vascular access (VA) is required for patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Vascular mapping using duplex doppler ultrasonography (DUS) can aid in planning VA construction. Greater handgrip strength (HGS) was found to be associated with more developed distal vessels both in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and healthy individuals, and patients with lower HGS had worse morphologic vessel characteristics and were, therefore, less likely to construct distal VA. This study aims to describe and analyze clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory characteristics of patients who underwent vascular mapping prior to VA creation. Prospective analysis. Adult patients with CKD referred for vascular mapping, at a tertiary center, between March 2021 and August 2021. Preoperative DUS by a single experienced nephrologist was carried out. HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer, and PAD was defined as ABI < 0.9. Sub-groups were analyzed according to distal vasculature size (<2 mm). A total of 80 patients were included, with a mean age of 65.7 ± 14.7 years; 67.5% were male, and 51.3% were on renal replacement therapy (RRT). Twelve (15%) participants had PAD. HGS was higher in the dominant arm (20.5 ± 12.0 vs 18.8 ± 11.2 kg). Fifty-eight (72.5%) patients had vessels smaller than 2 mm in diameter. There were no significant differences between groups concerning demographics or comorbidities (diabetes, HTN, PAD). HGS was significantly higher in patients with distal vasculature greater than or equal to 2 mm in diameter (dominant arm: 26.1 ± 15.5 vs 18.4 ± 9.7 kg, p = 0.010; non-dominant arm: 24.1 ± 15.3 vs 16.8 ± 8.6, p = 0.008). Higher HGS was associated with more developed distal cephalic vein and radial artery. Low HGS might be an indirect sign of suboptimal vascular characteristics, which might help predict the outcomes of VA creation and maturation.

#3892 AGE-RELATED TRAJECTORY PATTERN OF HANDGRIP STRENGTH AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Abstract Background and Aims Muscle weakness is a factor known to worsen prognosis in patients on hemodialysis [1], and the prevention of muscle weakness is extremely important in disease management. In particular, understanding age-related changes in muscle strength can be advantageous for long-term interventions. A previous study on community-dwelling older adults examined sex-specific age trends in muscle strength in order to identify potential trajectory patterns, and it showed that muscle strength tended to display similar age-related changes later in life regardless of the baseline level. Additionally, individuals in the low trajectory group had a higher mortality risk than did the high trajectory group [2]. However, reports examining longitudinal trajectories of muscle strength in patients on hemodialysis are limited, and their association with life prognosis remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify sex-specific aging patterns of handgrip strength as an indicator of muscle strength in patients on hemodialysis and to further investigate their association with life prognosis. Method Patients on hemodialysis with a minimum of two available measurements of handgrip strength between the years 2002 and 2022 were analyzed. In total, 544 patients (age: 65.1±11.9 years, 59.5% male, total observation data: 2,499) were enrolled in this study. Aging patterns of handgrip strength were classified by sex using group-based semiparametric mixture modeling. The association between typed aging patterns of handgrip strength and all-cause mortality was examined using Cox regression analysis after adjusting for the baseline age, body mass index, dialysis history, comorbidity index score, and hemoglobin and albumin levels. The statistical significance level was set at 5%. Results Age-related trajectory patterns of handgrip strength in men and women were categorized into three groups, low, middle, and high, as shown in Fig. 1. All three groups showed an age-related decline. The “low group” showed a reduction in handgrip strength (&amp;lt;28 kg for men and &amp;lt;18 kg for women) from baseline and continued to decline thereafter. The “middle group” did not show any decline at baseline, but decline was noted after 65 years of age. The “high group” displayed a decline in handgrip strength after 80 years of age, despite high handgrip strength at baseline. 23.9%, 60.1%, and 16.0% for men and 30.1%, 46.3%, and 23.7% for women were assigned to the low, middle, and high groups, respectively. When the high group was used as the reference group, the low groups showed a significantly higher mortality risk after adjusting for confounders in both men and women (men; p = 0.03, women; p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion In patients on hemodialysis, age-related decline of handgrip strength was observed in both men and women, regardless of baseline values. Among the three patterns of decline, the low group had a higher mortality rate compared to the high group in both men and women. The results suggest that even if decline in muscle weakness over time can be expected, handgrip strength needs to be improved in order to improve life prognosis.