High Electrical Conductivity Research Articles

Printing pillar array structure of electrodes facilitating ion diffusion and electron transport for high-performance asymmetric microsupercapacitors

The asymmetric microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are appealing power sources for miniaturized electronic devices owing to their high capacitance and wider working voltage window. However, the sluggish ion diffusion and poor electron transport in pseudocapacitive electrodes result in confined electrochemical performance of devices. In this work, we propose the pillar array structure of electrodes via 3D printing V2O5 (VN) nanosheets and graphene composite inks to boost the electrochemical performance of asymmetric MSCs. The V2O5 (VN) nanosheets and graphene sandwich each other can deliver a high electrical conductivity. The pillar array structure of electrodes shortens ion diffusion pathway to endow the electrodes with fast kinetics. The asymmetric MSCs achieve an impressive energy density of 44.86 μWh cm−2 and power density of 1.78 mW cm−2, powering a pressure sensor for 20 000 s. This strategy developed here is very helpful to promote the practical applications of MSCs.

Improved Thermoelectric Properties of Selenium Functionalized Pedot

AbstractPolymer‐based chalcogenide composites are gaining attention for thermal energy storage thermoelectric (TE) applications due to their high Seebeck coefficient (S) and electrical conductivity (σ), compared to low thermal conductivity of polymers without electrical optimization. This combination can enhance power factor and ZT while suppressing drawbacks. The energy‐filtering effect of polymer/chalcogenide interfaces may also improve TE performance, further enhancing the potential for improved TE applications. In this work, Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was functionalized with selenium (Se), and its structural and thermoelectric (TE) properties were studied. The variations of σ and S, with higher percent of Se content, displays a simultaneous rise in both σ and S values, which is noteworthy. The probable reason behind this increment of both σ and S values is due to the improvement in charge transport in the composites due to a percolating network formed between the Se nanoparticles and PEDOT along with the carrier energy filtering interaction between PEDOT and Se. The highest room temperature ZT value obtained is 0.027 for 82 % of Se content in PEDOT, which is comparable with bulk nanostructured organic‐inorganic hybrid composite materials. This work presents an efficient technique for enhancing the TE properties of polymers through inorganic functionalization.

Synergistic Effect of 3D/2D Vanadium Diselenide/Tungsten Diselenide Hybrid Materials: Electrochemical Detection of 5-Nitroquinoline a Hazard to the Aquatic Environment.

The development of multidimensional structured electrode materials with simple synthetic methods and their electrochemical sensing ability against environmental pollution is still a challenge. In this article, we propose a hybrid formed using multidimensional (3D/2D) vanadium diselenide microspheres and tungsten diselenide nanosheets (VSe2/WSe2) for the electrochemical detection of 5-nitroquinoline (5-NQ), a highly toxic and hazardous substance that is polluting aquatic life due to increasing industrial activities. The 3D/2D VSe2/WSe2 hybrids were prepared by a simple solvothermal method and their morphological and structural analysis was confirmed by various spectroscopy and analytical techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed 3D/2D architecture showed a strong synergistic effect between the two components as well as high electrical conductivity. As a result, an increased peak current for the reduction and detection of 5-NQ was achieved compared to other modified and unmodified disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPE), such as bare SPE, VSe2/SPE, and WSe2/SPE. Under the optimized electrochemical conditions, VSe2/WSe2/SPE showed large linear response ranges (0.012-1053, 1183-3474 μM), a low detection limit (0.002 μM), good sensitivity along with good selectivity, and repeatability for the detection of 5-NQ. With this prominent electrochemical behavior, the VSe2/WSe2 electrode has clear potential to produce high-performance sensor devices.

Facile top-down fabrication of integrated amorphous NiFe-based electrocatalytic electrodes for high current and long-life oxygen evolution

Developing an industrially relevant electrode with high catalytic activity, stability, and tunable composition/size for large-scale water electrolysis is a significant challenge. We have created an integrated electrode (NFM30-N) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) using a facile top-down approach that combines arc melting with dealloying-oxidation. Due to the dealloying-oxidation effect, the as-derived porous amorphous M–O, M–OH, and M–OOH (M = Ni, Fe) nanocones cover the basic NiFeMn alloy. This integrated design enables NFM30-N to exhibit outstanding OER performance at high current densities, requiring low overpotentials of only 282 and 323 mV to achieve large current densities of 100 and 500 mA cm−2, respectively. It also displays a small Tafel slope of 44.1 mV dec−1 and remarkable stability for over 100 h at 100 and 500 mA cm−2. When used as an anode, a two-electrode electrolyzer cell with NFM30-N at 500 mA cm−2 only requires a cell voltage of 1.619 V and exhibits excellent stability, with almost no performance degradation after continuous chronopotentiometry test for each 100 h at 500 and 100 mA cm−2. This exceptional OER electrocatalytic performance is attributed to the integrated structure providing high electrical conductivity and stability, the presence of numerous active sites due to dealloying and the amorphous structure, and the promotion of the OER process by M–O, M–OH, and M–OOH species. This work offers a novel idea for fabricating integrated, industrially relevant electrocatalytic electrodes through traditional metallurgy combined with dealloying-oxidation.

Anchoring Pt nanoparticle onto monolayer VS2 nanosheets boost efficient acidic hydrogen evolution

The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a key technology for hydrogen production and plays a significant role in advancing sustainable energy conversion. This study successfully anchored platinum (Pt) nanoparticles onto monolayer VS2 nanosheets via a colloidal chemistry method to enhance their HER performance under acidic conditions. The monolayer VS2 nanosheets provide a stable substrate, with their large surface area and high in-plane electrical conductivity effectively enhancing the interfacial electron transfer and electrochemical contact of the Pt nanoparticles. The Pt/VS2 composite material significantly reduces the energy barrier required for HER and enhances electrochemical activity, while also lowering the cost of the catalyst. At a current density of 10 mA cm−2, the composite material with Pt nanoparticles anchored onto VS2 nanosheets achieved an overpotential of just 26 mV and exhibited a high mass activity of 23.7 A/mgPt. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental analyses further elucidated the critical role of interfacial electronic effects and sulfur vacancy modulation in enhancing catalytic efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of interface engineering to control electronic structure and sulfur vacancies, significantly enhancing the hydrogen production efficiency and cost-effectiveness of Pt-based catalysts even at low Pt loadings under acidic conditions.

Multifunctional MXene/Carbon Nanotube Janus Film for Electromagnetic Shielding and Infrared Shielding/Detection in Harsh Environments

HighlightsA multifunctional Janus film is fabricated by integrating highly-crystalline and oxidation-resistant Ti3C2Tx MXene with carbon nanotube (CNT) film through strong hydrogen bonding, which exhibits high electrical conductivity of 4250 S cm−1 and robust mechanical strength of 77 MPa.The MXene/CNT Janus film of 15 μm thickness demonstrates efficient electromagnetic interference shielding of 72 dB, low infrared (IR) emissivity of 0.09 and hence superior thermal camouflage performance, and outstanding IR detection capability, while maintaining its integrity equally at room temperature as well as under extreme conditions.This multifunctional MXene/CNT Janus film offers a practical solution for electromagnetic shielding and IR shielding/detection in challenging conditions.

Carbon nanomaterials: Pioneering innovations in bioimaging and biosensing technologies

Carbon-based nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon dots, carbon nano onions, and carbon nano horns, exhibit exceptional properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. These characteristics make them attractive for various biomedical applications, particularly in bioimaging and biosensing. In bioimaging, carbon-based nanomaterials offer several advantages. Their unique properties enable precise imaging of biological events in cells, tissues, and organs, with minimal interference in living processes. By leveraging these properties, researchers can achieve high-resolution imaging for accurate diagnosis and therapy. Similarly, carbon-based nanomaterials are crucial in biosensing applications. They provide a platform for developing highly sensitive biosensors due to their distinctive electrical properties and surface characteristics. Functionalizing these nanomaterials with specific biomolecules or receptors allows for the detection and extraction of target molecules with exceptional precision and sensitivity, inspired by principles found in living systems. A review article focusing on the applications of carbon-based nanomaterials in bioimaging and biosensing would provide insights into their potential in advancing biotechnology. This article discusses a variety of carbon-based nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon dots, carbon nano onions, and carbon nano horns, emphasizing their unique properties and applications in bioimaging and sensing. The review emphasizes the importance of detection accuracy and sensitivity in biomedical applications and investigates how carbon-based nanomaterials help to advance biotechnology. This exploration will allow researchers to explore and create novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Counterion docking: a general approach to reducing energetic disorder in doped polymeric semiconductors

Molecular doping plays an important role in controlling the carrier concentration of organic semiconductors. However, the introduction of dopant counterions often results in increased energetic disorder and traps due to the molecular packing disruption and Coulomb potential wells. To date, no general strategy has been proposed to reduce the counterion-induced structural and energetic disorder. Here, we demonstrate the critical role of non-covalent interactions (NCIs) between counterions and polymers. Employing a computer-aided approach, we identified the optimal counterions and discovered that NCIs determine their docking positions, which significantly affect the counterion-induced energetic disorder. With the optimal counterions, we successfully reduced the energetic disorder to levels even lower than that of the undoped polymer. As a result, we achieved a high n-doped electrical conductivity of over 200 S cm−1 and an eight-fold increase in the thermoelectric power factor. We found that the NCIs have substantial effects on doping efficiency, polymer backbone planarity, and Coulomb potential landscape. Our work not only provides a general strategy for identifying the most suitable counterions but also deepens our understanding of the counterion effects on doped polymeric semiconductors.

The Promising Potential of Gallium Based Liquid Metals for Energy Storage.

Energy storage devices play a crucial role in various applications, such as powering electronics, power backup for homes and businesses, and support for the integration of renewable energy sources into electrical grid applications. Electrode materials for energy storage devices are preferred to have a flexible nature, conductive, better capacity, and low-toxicity. Using Gallium based liquid metal alloys, such as Eutectic Gallium-Indium (EGaIn), Eutectic Gallium-Tin (EGaSn), and Eutectic Gallium-Indium-Tin (EGaInSn), as electrode materials play very important role in energy storage devices. These liquid metals have some interesting properties with a self-healing nature, high mechanical stability, compatibility with various materials, fluidity, low young's modulus, high electrical and thermal conductivity. Those properties have made it suitable to be used in various energy storage devices. In this mini review, we have concisely described the advantages and challenges of using liquid metal as electrode materials for various energy storage devices.

Engineering a Hierarchy of Disorder: A New Route to Synthesize High-Performance 3D Nanoporous All-Carbon Materials*.

A new nanoporous amorphous carbon (NAC) structure that achieves both ultrahigh strength and high electrical conductivity, which are usually incompatible in porous materials is reported. By using modified spark plasma sintering, three amorphous carbon phases with different atomic bonding configurations are created. The composite consisted of an amorphous sp2-carbon matrix mixed with amorphous sp3-carbon and amorphous graphitic motif. NAC structure has an isotropic electrical conductivity of up to 12000Sm-1, Young's modulus of up to ≈5GPa, and Vickers hardness of over 900MPa. These properties are superior to those of existing conductive nanoporous materials. Direct investigation of the multiscale structure of this material through transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and machine learning-based electron tomography revealed that the origin of the remarkable material properties is the well-organized sp2/sp3 amorphous carbon phases with a core-shell-like architecture, where the sp3-rich carbon forms a resilient core surrounded by a conductive sp2-rich layer. This research not only introduces novel materials with exceptional properties but also opens new opportunities for exploring amorphous structures and designing high-performance materials.

Effects of Nanofillers and Synergistic Action of Carbon Black/Nanoclay Hybrid Fillers in Chlorobutyl Rubber

Nanocomposites based on chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR) have been made using a variety of nanofillers such as carbon black (CB), nanoclay (NC), graphene oxide (GO), and carbon black/nanoclay hybrid filler systems. The hybrid combinations of CB/nanoclay are being employed in the research to examine the additive impacts on the final characteristics of nanocomposites. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), together with resistivity values and mechanical property measurements, have been used to characterise the structural composition of CIIR-based nanocomposites. AFM results indicate that the addition of nanoclay into CIIR increased the surface roughness of the material, which made the material more adhesive. The study found a significant decrease in resistivity in CIIR–nanoclay-based composites and hybrid compositions with nanoclay and CB. The higher resistivity in CB composites, compared to CB/nanoclay, suggests that nanoclay enhances the conductive network of carbon black. However, GO-incorporated composites failed to create conductive networks, which this may have been due to the agglomeration. The study also found that the modulus values at 100%, 200%, and 300% elongation are the highest for clay and CB/clay systems. The findings show that nanocomposites, particularly clay and clay/CB hybrid nanocomposites, may produce polymer nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity. Mechanical properties correlated well with the reinforcement provided by nanoclay. Hybrid nanocomposites with clay/CB had increased mechanical properties because of their enhanced compatibility and higher filler–rubber interaction. Nano-dispersed clay helps prevent fracture growth and enhances mechanical properties even more so than CB.

High-Performance Supercapacitors Based on Graphene/Activated Carbon Hybrid Electrodes Prepared via Dry Processing

Graphene has a high specific surface area and high electrical conductivity, and its addition to activated carbon electrodes should theoretically significantly improve the energy storage performance of supercapacitors. Unfortunately, such an ideal outcome is seldom verified in practical commercial supercapacitor design and production. In this paper, the oxygen-containing functional groups in graphene/activated carbon hybrids, which are prone to induce side reactions, are removed in the material synthesis stage by a special process design, and electrodes with high densities and low internal resistances are prepared by a dry process. On this basis, a carbon-coated aluminum foil collector with a full tab structure is designed and assembled with graphene/activated carbon hybrid electrodes to form a commercial supercapacitor in cylindrical configuration. The experimental tests confirmed that such supercapacitors have high capacity density, power density, low internal resistance (about 0.06 mΩ), good high-current charging/discharging characteristics, and a long lifetime, with more than 80% capacity retention after 10 W cycles.

Effect of Torsional Load on Electrical and Mechanical Properties/Behaviour of Stretchable GNP-Ag Conductive Ink

Stretchable conductive inks (SCIs) have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential applications in flexible and wearable electronics. Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) hybridization conductive ink is a promising material for stretchable electronics due to its high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical properties. However, the resistivity of GNP ink on flexible substrates can be affected by various factors, such as the torsion of the substrate. This paper aims to investigate the effect of torsional load in terms of the electrical and mechanical behaviour of hybridization conductive ink between GNP and Ag. The research was carried out on the formulation and performance of GNP hybrids using GNP and silver flakes (Ag). The GNP hybrid ink was printed on a copper substrate using a mesh stencil method and cured at 250 °C for an hour. The resistivity was evaluated at room temperature before and after the torsional tests in terms of electrical characteristics. The finding exposed that the resistivity values for each of the three samples of torsional tests significantly changed after 1000 cycles. Eventually, the resistance value at cycle 5000 rose due to the damaging impact of increasing the number of torsional cycles on the sample. In future work, it is recommended that the evaluation is made under temperature dependence and supported by SEM images.

Efficient and stable supercapacitors using rGO/ZnO nanocomposites via wet chemical reaction

The electrochemical behaviorof metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) can be improved by maximizing the surface area and combining materials with high electrical conductivity. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) enables to bestow a larger surface area for intercalation and deintercalation as well as shorter paths for ion transfer, lowering ionic resistance. In the current research, hybrid composites of rGO and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were successfully synthesized by using a wet chemical method for the application of supercapacitors. The wet chemical technique for industrial-scale nanocomposite synthesis is easy, fast, and cost-effective and requires no specialized equipment. The size, surface morphology, and crystalline structure of the rGO/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by using FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and XRD, respectively. By using cyclic voltammetry and Galvanostatic charge–discharge tests, it was confirmed that the capacitances of rGO/ZnO composites were significantly enhanced compared to that of pure ZnO NPs. The proposed nanocomposite could achieve significantly enhanced specific capacitance (258 Fg−1) and also, it was able to achieve a longer life cycle with maximum capacitance retention. We expect that this work provides a simple but very effective strategy for the rGO and metal oxide NP composites.

Random Vibration Fatigue Life Prediction of Nano-Silver Solder Joint

Nano-silver is a very potential electronic interconnection material. It’s excellent physical and chemical properties, high thermal conductivity and good electrical conductivity make it very suitable for high power electronic devices. In practical engineering, 20% of the failure of electronic products is caused by vibration load, so it is necessary to study the vibration reliability of interconnected materials. In this paper, the modal and random vibration finite element analysis of nano-silver solder joints were analyzed with workbench software. Predicting random vibration fatigue life of nano-silver solder joint by Coffin-Manson high cycle fatigue empirical formula, Miner’s linear cumulative damage theory and Steinberg model. The random vibration fatigue life of the nanosilver solder joint is 8342 h. It is found that the vibration reliability of nano-silver is inferior to Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu and Sn63Pb37 and the diameter of solder joints and PCB thickness are proportional to the vibration fatigue life, and the PCB thickness has a greater effect on the vibration life than the solder joint diameter. Solder joint height and pad thickness are inversely proportional to vibration fatigue life, and pad thickness has little effect on vibration fatigue life.

Two-dimensional medium-entropy SeSI composite cathodes with cascaded redox reactions for advanced sodium batteries

Na−S/Se/I2 batteries represent a promising rechargeable Na battery system because of high theoretical energy density and low raw material cost. However, the inherent electrical insulation and poor structural stability of S/Se/I2 cathodes result in the unsatisfactory battery performance. Here we develop a new medium-entropy Se-S-I composite cathode via a straight chemical reaction of 2xSe+yI2+CS2=2SexSIy+C, simultaneously consolidating a ternary Se-S-I compound within carbon nanocage, forming a SeSI@C core-shell structure. In the composite, SeSI has a distinctive single crystal structure with homogeneous elemental composition, while carbon shell shows a uniform annular nanoscale that can completely envelop SeSI active mass. The cathode structural design bears high electrical conductivity, fast synergistic activation and excellent structural integrity, accordingly enabling a high capacity with an ultralong cycle life in a representative Na−Se-S-I battery (425.4 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1, 91.6 % retention for 2000 cycles). Notably, a tertiary cascade of Se, S, and I redox has been demonstrated for providing high capacity, and an in-situ grown carbon shell ensures electrical conductivity and structural stability through the entire cathode. This SeSI@C cathode architecture significantly alleviates issues of traditional S/Se/I2-based cathodes, and makes the Na−Se-S-I battery more promising for application.

Development and characterization of a non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor for rapid determination of sorbent-based extracted trazodone and doxepin in complicated samples

BackgroundGiven the importance of achieving optimal therapeutical concentration in patients treated with antidepressants, this study investigates a novel technique for the simultaneous determination of trazodone (TRZ) and doxepin (DOX) in human plasma and serum samples for the first time. ResultsTo achieve simultaneous determination of two antidepressants, TRZ and DOX, a novel detection system was designed: a non-enzymatic voltammetric biosensor based on boron-reduced graphene oxide/manganese oxide nanoparticles (GCE/B-rGO/MnO NPs). The detection was accomplished after pre-concentration and extraction trace amounts of the analytes using the thin film-solid phase microextraction (TF-SPME) technique, which employed polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinyl acetate/copper oxide Nanoparticles (PVA/PVAc/CuO NPs) electrospun nanofibers.The successful preparation of composite nanofibers and modified electrodes was confirmed using the evaluation of field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Also, the composite nanofibers were characterized with attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform-infrared (ATR-FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the solution of TRZ and DOX, under optimum experimental conditions, the linear dynamic ranges (LDRs) were 0.1 to 20.0 μmol L-1 and 0.5 to 27.0 μmol L-1, respectively. Also, the limit of detection (LOD) values of TRZ and DOX were 0.032 and 0.150 μmol L-1. SignificancePVAc acts as a cross-linking agent for PVA, and their mixture is effective for sample preparation and pre-concentration of analytes in complex matrices. Also, adding CuO NPs to this polymeric mixture enhanced the adsorption efficiency.Taking advantage of the high surface area of MnO NPs and the high electrical conductivity of B-rGO, and considering the superiority of their simultaneous utilization, the constructed electrochemical biosensor is both cost-effectiveness and rapid. It demonstrates excellent stability, repeatability, and sensitivity for the simultaneous determination of TRZ and DOX under optimal conditions.This biosensor, the first of its kind, is specifically designed for the simultaneous determination of TRZ and DOX in human plasma and serum samples, representing a significant advancement in biosensing technology.

Electrosynthesis of a triazole derivative on the glassy carbon surface for the electrochemical determination of catechol

ABSTRACT In this experiment, an electrosynthesis of a triazole-thiol derivative (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol (3ATT)) was carried out on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an electrochemical sensor to determine catechol (CC) by voltammetry. The characterisation of the modified electrode (3ATT-GCE) was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical oxidation of CC by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with 3ATT-GCE exhibited a perfectly wide linear response in the CC concentration range of 0.088 to 10.5 µM and 10.5 to 629 µM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.024 µM (3 s/m). Furthermore, it indicated excellent reproducibility and repeatability. The fabricated sensor with a large surface area and high electrical conductivity was successfully employed to determine CC in tap water without being affected by interfering substances.

Facile production of graphene-based ternary composite coatings on metallic bipolar plates

Graphene-based composite coatings can be applied on metallic bipolar plates (BPs) of PEMFC for corrosion protection and electron conduction, benefited from the high electrical conductivity, chemical stability and physical barrier properties of graphene. To reach the high electrical conductivity requirement, the composite coatings shall have high graphene content, which brings challenges including dispersion, processability and interface compatibility. In this work, polyisocyanate was grafted on graphene surfaces to enhance the compatibility with polyurethane (PU). Carbon black was introduced as conductive bridging, which filled in defects of graphene/PU coatings. The corrosion current density of the ternary composite coatings with 60 % functionalized graphene, 30 % PU and 10 % carbon black was 0.43 μA·cm−2 in H2SO4 solution of pH 3 at 80 °C, while the interfacial contact resistance was 6.75 mΩ·cm2 and the in-plane conductivity was 137.4 S·cm−1. The composite coatings provided an efficient and cost-effective solution for up-scaling production of metallic BPs.

One-step of ionic liquid-assisted stabilization and dispersion: Exfoliated graphene and its applications in stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels based on chitosan

Conductive hydrogels, as novel flexible biosensors, have demonstrated significant potential in areas such as soft robotics, electronic devices, and wearable technology. Graphene is a promising conductive material, but its dispersibility in aqueous solutions exists difficulties. Here, we discover that untreated graphene, after exfoliation by different ionic liquids, can disperse well in aqueous solutions. We investigate the impact of four ionic liquids with varying alkyl chain lengths ([Bmim]Cl, [Omim]Cl, [Dmim]Cl, [Hmim]Cl) on the dispersibility of grapheme, and a dual physically cross-linked network hydrogel structure is designed using acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), methyl methacrylate octadecyl ester (SMA), ionic liquid@graphene (ILs@GN), and chitosan (CS). Notably, SMA, CS, AA and AM act as dynamic cross-linking points through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding, playing a crucial role in energy dissipation. The resulting hydrogel exhibits outstanding stretchability (2250 %), remarkable toughness (1.53 MJ/m3) in tensile deformation performance, high compressive strength (1.13 MPa), rapid electrical responsiveness (response time ∼ 50 ms), high electrical conductivity (12.11 mS/cm), and excellent strain sensing capability (GF = 12.31, strain = 1000 %). These advantages make our composite hydrogel demonstrate high stability in extensive deformations, offering repeatability in pressure and strain and making it a promising candidate for multifunctional sensors and flexible electrodes.