Students Of Higher Educational Institutions Research Articles

A qualitative exploration of factors declining students’ academic performance in higher education institutions: a developing country’s perspective

ABSTRACT Education plays a vital role in the socioeconomic development of a country. Higher education institutions should be able to provide quality education to youngsters. However, there are multiple factors that negatively affect students’ academic performance resulting in poor grades. This paper focuses on exploring new variables that affect the academic performance of students in higher education institutions of Pakistan through phenomenological qualitative research approach. For sampling, purposive and snowball techniques were used by the researcher. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for undergraduate students from different cities and factors affecting their academics and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) were identified. Factors attributed to visiting faculty, unannounced quizzes, online classes, discrimination by teachers and being day scholar student were found to be negatively related with students’ academic performance. To overcome the issues caused by these parameters, necessary steps need to be taken by the policy makers of higher education institutions. Visiting faculty needs to be aware of the institute’s policies and grading system, and provides office hours to students. Teachers should be advised to reduce the number of surprise quizzes, and online classes should be discouraged. Training programmes and counselling sessions should be organised for faculty members to overcome the problem of discrimination. Hostel facilities should be improved, and day scholars and hostelites should make combined study and project groups for better class harmony and effective collaboration. By implementing all these actions, students would be able to learn more effectively, and hence their academic performance and overall quality of education would be improved.

Quantitative assessment of the academic adaptability of first-year students of higher education institutions

The article analyzes the factors that cause educational stress, the prerequisites for the formation of the ability of first-year students to adapt to the educational process and its importance in the formation of future specialists, identifies predictive markers of educational adaptation and resistance to educational stress, reveals gender-specific features of the body's adaptation to stresses, including those related to education. It is shown that the process of adaptation to the educational process has a biopsychosocial nature, identifies predictive markers of educational adaptation and resistance to educational stress. An integral assessment of students' educational adaptability is proposed based on indicators of psychosocial adaptability of the individual and the functional potential of the body. The scale for assessing the integral indicator of students' educational adaptability is modified based on the sum of points for indicators of psychosocial adaptability (P. Kuznetsov's questionnaire) and adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system of the body (R. Baievskyi method). The psychophysiological prerequisites of the adaptive reactions of the body of first-year students to the educational process were studied. It was established that the female body is more resistant to physiological stresses due to a higher level of vitality, however, the course and symptoms of psycho-emotional stress, adaptation to new conditions in men are easier due to lower emotional lability, higher balance and self-regulation. It was confirmed that the level of social adaptability in young men is higher, and the level of functional adaptability is lower than in girls. At the same time, it was recorded that almost every fifth young man and every third girl have a low level of the integral indicator of educational adaptability. Quantitative assessment of students' integral educational adaptability will allow for the differentiation of the parameters of motor loads in the educational process of physical education in order to increase the psychofunctional resources of the body of student youth.

Depression, Substance Use, and Demographic Correlates among University Students: A Cross- Sectional Study among Students in Higher Educational Institution

Depression, Substance Use, and Demographic Correlates among University Students: A Cross- Sectional Study among Students in Higher Educational Institution

Digital literacy gaps in promoting 21 st century skills among students in higher education institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Digital literacy gaps in promoting 21 ^st century skills among students in higher education institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Application of Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Academic Performance of Students in Higher Education Institutes (HEIs): A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Analysis

Purpose: This study aims to identify trends, key research areas, popular predictive features, machine learning algorithms used, and gaps in the existing literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study selected 60 articles published between 2018 and August 31, 2023, from Google Scholar and Scopus databases to address the identified knowledge gap. A systematic literature review and bibliographic analysis were conducted using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, with PRISMA chosen as the reporting format. Findings: The study reveals that machine learning models, particularly Decision Trees, followed by Random Forests, Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, and Naïve Bayes, have significantly contributed to predicting student academic performance. The datasets predominantly utilised by researchers include students' academic records, demographics, activities, and behaviour, which are crucial for predicting academic performance and evaluating model effectiveness. Research Limitation: These limitations highlight the challenges in conducting comprehensive reviews of machine learning applications in educational contexts while acknowledging the evolving nature of both technology and educational assessment methods. Practical Implication: This research has the potential to inform evidence-based decision-making, promote personalised learning experiences and enable early interventions for at-risk students Social Implication: The study underscores the potential of machine learning algorithms to promote equity and inclusion, provide targeted student support, empower individuals, raise ethical considerations, foster community engagement, and support lifelong learning initiatives. Originality and Value: This research uniquely explores machine learning applications to predict student academic performance, identifying classroom participation and examination scores as key predictors. It offers a pragmatic approach to educational practice, identifies future research opportunities, and advocates for data-driven decision-making in higher education.

Correction of clip thinking among pedagogical students in the process of solving practice-oriented tasks

Introduction. One of the characteristics of modern society is the emergence of a phenomenon known as clip thinking. The presence of clip thinking in a future teacher may hinder the development of competencies that are essential for professional success. Aim. The aim of this paper is to present a scheme for addressing a practice-oriented task, specifically designed to correct clip thinking in future teachers. Methodology and research methods. The methodological foundation of the study was based on system-activity, systemic, and practice-oriented approaches, which facilitated the identification of the characteristics of clip thinking. The study involved 250 undergraduate students from Nizhny Tagil Branch of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University. The authors employed the method described by S. D. Polyakov, L. A. Belozerova, and V. V. Vershinina, along with a questionnaire developed by the authors themselves. To confirm or validate the hypothesis of the study, a comparative analysis was conducted using the Student’s t-test. Results. A scheme has been proposed for addressing practice-oriented tasks that facilitate the integration of viewing information fragments related to future professional activities and their comprehension. The effectiveness of using practice-oriented tasks to correct students’ clip thinking has been demonstrated. The diagnostic tool “Clip-Integrity Thinking” (by S. D. Polyakov, L. A. Belozerova, V. V. Vershinina and colleagues) has been adapted to evaluate the level of clip thinking among students in higher education institutions. Scientific novelty. The results of the study enhance scientific understanding of how to address clip thinking and also consider its presence when developing strategies for training future teachers. Practical significance. The data obtained can be utilised to develop a methodology for training future teachers in the field of digital technologies, aimed at addressing the issue of clip thinking. The proposed assessments of clip thinking levels can be employed to identify the unique characteristics of each student and to construct individualised educational trajectories based on this information.

Mechanisms for encouraging effective initiatives of students in higher educational institutions

Encouraging effective initiatives of students in higher education institutions is one of the most important issues for the development of society today. After all, youth is recognized as the most important resource that shapes the future of any country. The specific development of incentive mechanisms is very relevant in order to increase the efficiency of higher education and strengthen the role of students in the process of training specialists with scientific potential, initiative and innovative outlook. In this regard, this article discusses modern approaches to promoting and supporting student initiatives, scientific and theoretical foundations, foreign experience and technologies for their implementation in practice. Scientific literature, regulatory legal documents and modern scientific and theoretical sources were widely used.

The role of psychological adaptation in the process of students' self-realization

The article reveals the content clarifies the essence of the concept of adaptation, and identifies the directions of adaptation, levels, types, and types of psychological adaptation. The article aims to show the important role of psychological adaptation in the process of self-realization of students of higher educational institutions. The methodological principles of the study are: leading provisions of the theory of scientific knowledge; general scientific principles of historicism, systematics, and scientificity; conceptual provisions of pedagogical, psychological, and sociological sciences; ideas of experience based on the synchronous study of pedagogical, socio-cultural and economic phenomena; philosophical and pedagogical ideas of the development of modern education. An experimental study conducted among first-year students to determine anxiety and levels of their adaptation at the ascertaining stage showed the need to implement a developmental program for reducing anxiety during the adaptation period, developed for first-year students of higher educational institutions. As a result of the experiment, the study of the control stage makes it possible to say that thanks to the introduction of developmental activities in the EG, which took place in the form of training sessions, which are provided for by the developmental program to reduce anxiety, the general emotional state of EG students can be considered satisfactory, and the students' anxiety has decreased.

FEATURES OF STUDENT SELF-IDENTIFICATION IN THE ERA AFTER THE "THERAPEUTIC TURN"

Background. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the modern process of personal self-identification of students of higher educational institutions under the influence of popularization and consequences of the "therapeutic turn". The relevance of the article is due to the growing popularity of the so-called "therapy", which is being implemented, including at the institutional level, in the activities of higher educational institutions. The novelty should include the generalization of some specific new approaches to personal self-identification of students. Their analysis and systematization represent a promising direction of research. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze personal self-identification that arose under the influence of the "therapeutic turn" and entered into the everyday practices of students. Materials and methods. The study used materials from fundamental works and modern articles on various aspects of personal self-identification. To achieve the goal, comparative analysis methods, generalization method, conceptual analysis method, expert assessment method, abstraction method and sociological research methods were used. Results. The result of this study is the identification and systematization of the features of the process of personal self-identification of students from the point of view of the so-called "therapeutic turn". One of the consequences of the "therapeutic" self-identification of students can be considered the disunity of the student community. Scope of application of the results. The results of the study can be used in the process of managing educational organizations, in pedagogical activities and in conducting the management of student associations, as well as in the practice of teaching disciplines such as psychology, sociology, etc.

Impact of Behavioural Intention to Use Generative Artificial Intelligence on Academic Performance of Students in Higher Education Institutions

The rapid advancement of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) technologies has significantly impacted various sectors, including higher education. This study investigates the behavioral intention of students in higher education institutions to adopt GAI and its effect on their academic performance mediating the intention to use GAI. This study uses an analytical cross-sectional design to assess the current relationships among behavioral intention factors, intention to use GAI, and academic performance. Data were collected using a quantitative approach from 279 online and 105 student self-administered responses through purposive sampling. Purposive sampling was employed to target students with GAI experience, ensuring relevant insights aligned with the study’s objective of examining adoption patterns among the active users in higher education settings. The students represent seven higher education institutions that are accredited by the University Grants Commission, Nepal. A seven-point Likert scale measured variables like performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, intention to use GAI and academic performance. The final sample size was 384, and pilot testing ensured instrument validity. Data analysis was conducted using SMART Partial Least Square (PLS). SmartPLS was chosen for its capacity to handle complex models, making it suitable for analyzing predictive relationships without requiring the normal data distribution. The results show that all the factors of behaviorual intentions significantly influence the intention to use GAI; however, the effort expectancy and social influence did not influence academic performance. The mediating role of intention to use GAI was also ensured. The findings highlight the need for educational institutions to provide targeted training and clear ethical guidelines for responsible GAI use, emphasizing its integration into curricula to enhance academic performance.

Ефективність застосування стрітболу на заняттях студентів з фізичного виховання

The use of streetball as a means of physical education for students and schoolchildren is driven by the modern youth’s demand for engaging, accessible, and innovative sports activities during their free time. Regular participation in streetball promotes the development of crucial personal qualities such as initiative, independence, discipline, and responsibility. It also helps establish a lasting habit of engaging in physical activities, improving health, and enhancing physical qualities. The purpose of the study ‒ to investigate the impact of a recreational and health-improving methodology based on streetball on the physical fitness of students in higher education institutions. Materials and methods of research. To achieve the objectives, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and synthesis of specialized scientific and methodological literature and documentary materials, pedagogical observation, control-pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, and methods of mathematical statistics. The research was conducted from October 2023 to November 2024 at the Vinnytsia Trade and Economic Institute of the State University of Trade and Economics, Vinnytsia. The study involved 24 male participants aged 19‒20 years. Research results. It has been established that the use of streetball in physical education classes of students is effective. In particular, at the stage of the formative experiment, there were statistically significant changes in the students of the experimental group in the tests: "flexion and extension of arms in supine support" (p<0.05), "jumping out of a squat" (p<0.05), "running 100 m" (p<0.05), "dynamic balance" (p<0.05). Conclusions. The developed method of optional classes using streetball allows you to recommend it for health and recreational work with students of higher educational institutions.

Sexual Behaviours and Reproductive Health Issues among Students in Tertiary Institutions in Delta State: Counselling Implications

The study investigated sexual behaviours and reproductive health issues among students in tertiary institutions in Delta State, and discussed their counselling implications. It addressed some relationship issues that confront students at the tertiary education level which include awareness about prventive measures against sexually transmitted infections among sexually active students; young girls resorting to unsafe abortion; high level of sexual abuse and rape; and some female students engaging in part-time prostitution, among others. The study's population consisted of 14,650 first-year students in higher educational institutions in Delta State of Nigeria. Based on willingness to participate, a purposeful sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 3,490 students. A questionnaire on Sexual Behaviour and Reproductive Health Issues (SEBARHI) was developed by the authors and used to collect data on Sexual Behaviour and Reproductive Issues among the students. Data collected was analyzed with descriptive statistics and it was found that a considerable number of undergraduates in the area of study engage in risky sexual behaviour and also demonstrated ignorance of safe reproductive health practices. More female students reported indulging in homosexuality, bisexuality, anal sex, masturbation and threesome sex, amongst others. The counselling implications of the findings of the study were discussed for increasing appropriate awareness of the consequences of risky sexual behaviours, unsafe reproductive health practices and need to seek help from professional counselling practitioners.

Peculiarities of formation of legal awareness of students of higher education institutions: realities of today

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of legal awareness of students of higher education institutions in the context of the challenges and realities of the military present, which is an important task for the full development of civil society and the rule of law. It is emphasized that institutions of higher education, within the educational space, need to pay attention to the formation and development of valuable legal attitudes of students, legal culture and legal awareness. It is necessary to form a personality with legitimate beliefs, respect for the law, national symbols, human dignity and human rights and freedoms on the basis of a defined national policy, in particular, in the educational space and directly in institutions of higher education. It was found that the awareness of the peculiarities of behavior, permissible or not permissible self-realization in society and perception of the rules and norms of social interaction between people in the state depends on the internal beliefs and legal awareness of the person. It is emphasized that students of higher education institutions acquire certain professional competencies during their studies, and also continue the process of their own socialization. This process directly depends on the environment in which a person is formed, what values he develops under the influence of the environment. It is noted that it is advisable to create legal advisory centers in institutions of higher education, which, in addition to free legal assistance, will provide consultations and explain to students the norms of current legislation, introduce them to the peculiarities of legal systems, and encourage students to understand the role and importance of law for society. Attention is focused on the fact that value attitudes and orientations formed at a young age will become the basis for the lawful behavior of a person and will allow to realize the value of the rights, freedoms of a person and a citizen, human dignity and a person, in general. This will be a guarantee that such a person in the future will be able to form a democratic society and a legal state based on general civilizational norms and principles of human coexistence.

Educational Work In Higher Educational Institutions as an Important Social-Educational Factor

in this article, the author considers the system of continuous education, the main principles of state policy at all its stages. He recognizes the opportunities for the full realization of the talents and abilities, noble aspirations of our youth In the new Uzbekistan, pays attention to the issues of studying and scientific analysis of the spiritual heritage, its reflection and harmonization in the educational process of our youth, and gives his practical recommendations for the educational work of students of higher educational institutions.

Engineering students’ perceptions of e-learning in higher education: A two-university comparison

Acceptance of e-learning among students in higher education institutions is crucial to a thriving educational environment. In this context, the present research focuses on exploring e-learning practices and perceptions in engineering colleges of Kuwait and India with the help of the adapted technology acceptance model. The survey of 270 students from the two universities showed generally positive perceptions toward e-learning. Convenience was another factor affecting actual usage in Kuwait and motivation in India. Though some differences were observed in the perceived usefulness of e-learning among Kuwaiti and Indian students, both colleges’ participants recognized the benefits of e-learning and the acceptance of its application. The results stress the importance of cultural and institutional factors while implementing e-learning methodologies in engineering education. Consequently, explicit knowledge from this research extends the comprehension of e-learning effectiveness in various educative environments for educators and policymakers.

Determining the Reliability of Software Electronic Engineering Tools in the Control of Vestibular Disorders in Inclusive Physical Education of Students

Background. Due to the increase in the proportion of mine-blast injuries sustained during the Russian-Ukrainian war, the number of students in higher education institutions after blast TBI has risen. Objectives. The study aimed to determine the reliability of the tool for test control of gait parameters, created based on software electronic engineering for students after blast TBI in inclusive physical education. Materials and methods. The theoretical stage of the research was realized by analyzing the literature on the studied problem, evaluating and synthesizing information from scientific sources. For the empirical part of the experiment, the Dynamic Gait Index test was used to assess gait parameters, dynamic balance, and fall risk. The test results were processed using the methods of statistical mathematical analysis. The experiment involved 30 students (men) after sustaining an explosive traumatic brain injury. Results. The study presents the developed tool for testing gait parameters using the Dynamic Gait Index, which is based on the integration of various types of software electronic engineering services. The development uses motion, speed, pressure, and touch sensors. The information about the test exercise, recorded by the sensors, is sequentially transmitted by wireless communication means to the controller (Arduino Leonardo based on the ATmega32u4 microcontroller platform) and then to a PC, where the results are displayed on the monitor in digital and graphical form. The development uses a neural network and the Microsoft OneDrive cloud service to process information, which provides processing and storage of large amounts of test control data. The results of the empirical establishment of the Dynamic Gait Index quality measure, the characteristics of reliability and validity that were recorded by the teacher, are significantly inferior in numerical values to the correlation coefficient obtained by the results of the Dynamic Gait Index when the outcomes were recorded using the developed tool. Conclusions. The introduction of modern software engineering services into inclusive physical education of students represents a significant step forward in implementing an impartial control mechanisms for restoring damaged gait and balance functions, which have been recognized as a leading factor in disability caused by blast TBI, and contributes to ensuring the effectiveness of this process.

Educational Work in Higher Educational Institutions as an Important Social-Educational Factor

In this article, the author considers the system of continuous education, the main principles of state policy at all its stages. He recognizes the opportunities for the full realization of the talents and abilities, noble aspirations of our youth in the new Uzbekistan, pays attention to the issues of studying and scientific analysis of the spiritual heritage, its reflection and harmonization in the educational process of our youth, and gives his practical recommendations for the educational work of students of higher educational institutions.

Tatar literary studies at Kazan University: Past and present.

The article explores the development of literary studies at Kazan University, reviewing the university scholars’ scientific research, highlighting their main aspects and scientific trends, determin- ing the role and contribution of the university scholars to Tatar literary studies. At Kazan University, it was in 1944 that Tatar literature was included in the curriculum and began to be taught as an academic discipline. The Department of Tatar Language and Literature was opened, attracting the leading literary scholars to this place. This phenomenon, in its turn, contributed to the development and diversification of scientific research in the field of Tatar literature in scientific- philological (the study of the Tatar literature development and literary criticism in various aspects) and methodological aspects (the development of a course of lectures, programs, textbooks and methodological guidelines for students of higher educational institutions, later for secondary school students). As the main object of our study, this article provides an analysis of this process, based on archival documents, research works, assessment of methodological and pedagogical activities of leading teachers, which accounts for the novelty and relevance of our work. The main objective of the research within the framework of this article is to describe the development of Tatar literary studies at Kazan University, identify its main aspects and the scientific foundations of this process, which has been carried out in line with the activities of the Department of Tatar Language and Literature, later the Department of Tatar Literature, organized at the University. In this regard, this article provides a complete overview of the Tatar Literature Department’s growth and development.

Exploring the Neurodiversity of Lithuanian College Students and Its link to Learning Difficulties and Supporting Measures

<p dir="ltr"><span>Enhancing the inclusion of neurodiverse students in higher education institutions represents a significant and evolving challenge for educators. Recognizing learning difficulties and equipping teachers with the knowledge and skills to effectively work with and communicate with neuro-diverse students are crucial steps toward achieving social inclusion. Aim – to explore the neurodiversity of Lithuanian college students and its link to learning difficulties and supporting measures. Two developmental adult disorders were presented to illustrate the expression of neurodiversity including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A cross-sectional survey included 512 students from Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution. The survey assessed 39 attributes related to students’ learning difficulties and supporting measures. The nine scales, consisting of 39 items, demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.76. Due to the unequal and smaller sample sizes of attention deficit hyperactivity and autism spectrum disorders having students, non-parametric statistics (Kruskal-Wallis) were used. Spearman's correlation coefficient (R²) was used for correlation analysis. Results. Nearly a quarter of the students associate their neurodiversity with ADHD, with 22.3 % suspecting they have the condition and 2 % noted that this is confirmed. 4.7% of students consider themselves to be on the autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with 0.6% having a confirmed diagnosis. Statistically significant differences were identified in the relationship between ADHD and attention difficulties at home, college, sensory sensitivity and specific learning difficulties (p ≤ 0.05). ADHD and ASS suspected of having students tend to have lower grade point average (GPAs). Students who suspect or confirm having ADHD express a higher preference for organizational tools compared to those without ADHD, with a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). Preferences for explanations and illustrations are higher among those suspecting ADHD (p ≤ 0.05). The analysis of expectations from lecturers and organization concerning ASD shows minimal variation among groups (p≥0.05). Conclusions. Neurodiversity among students is a relevant phenomenon that is associated with learning difficulties that interfere with achieving good learning outcomes. However, the role of the teacher and organization is exclusively relevant for the ADHD student group. For ASD students and neurotypical students, universal approaches are appropriate.</span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>

ETHNOLINGUISTIC NATURE OF LINGUISTIC UNITS RELATED TO JEWELLERY ART

The article attempts to study language units related to jewellery art in the Kazakh language. The article provides a brief overview of the study of the linguistic units and their classification. It also analyses ethnolinguistic meanings of a number of jewellery names used in later periods. In the course of the study, it was found that such issues as the names of ancient Kazakh jewellery, ethno-cultural aspects, the causes and consequences of their consumption are unknown to most students of higher educational institutions. Therefore, it is important to study these linguistic units from a comparative, contrastive and translational points of view, which make up a large part of the language fund. This is due to the fact that any jewellery has its own meaning, which remains unnoticed by the general public in the form, material and ornaments, and even in use. The study of such linguistic units helps to identify valuable information about the history, culture, worldview, position, and crafting of the nation.The methods used: descriptive, comparative, structural, as well as ethnolinguistic and semantic analysis. Descriptive method helped the authors to analyse such issues as the study, classification, types of linguistic units related to jewellery art in the Kazakh language. Comparative method helped to identify often and rarely used types of language units related to jewellery art and ways of their formation. Based on the structural method, the composition and structure of such linguistic units, the flexibility of phrase formation were determined. The semantic method was usedin identifying such issues as the meaning of the names of jewellery, the scope of use, the use of a woman by age, while the ethnolinguistic method made it possible to analyse the origin, meaning, significance of each piece of jewellery and its role in thelife of a woman.