High Adsorption Capability Research Articles

Fabrication of Au nanostar/MIL-101(Fe) architecture for surface-enhanced Raman scattering detections

In the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements, it is very important to fabricate “hot spots” and concentrate the analytes into these regions. In this work, a hybrid structure of Au nanostars (NSs) with high SERS sensitivity and metal-organic framework MIL-101(Fe) with high molecular adsorption capability was constructed as high performance SERS substrate. The MIL-101(Fe) shell between AuNSs is several nanometers, promoting the construct of “hot spots” and the aggregation of target molecules. The as-prepared AuNS/MIL-101(Fe) has achieved high SERS sensitivity, long-time stability, reproducibility, and capability of universal detections. The limit of detection for rhodamine 6 G is down to 0.29 nM. Meanwhile, the SERS activity of AuNS/MIL-101(Fe) is kept for at least 30 days. Furthermore, the relative standard deviations of signals on five substrates are all less than 10 %. The as-prepared AuNS/MIL-101(Fe) also exhibit the SERS activities for various molecules including dyes, organic contaminants, pesticides, and amino acids, indicating that the AuNS/MIL-101(Fe) substrates have wide applications in chemical analysis and environmental monitoring.

Superior Iodine Uptake Capacity Enabled by an Open Metal-Sulfide Framework Composed of Three Types of Active Sites

Superior Iodine Uptake Capacity Enabled by an Open Metal-Sulfide Framework Composed of Three Types of Active Sites

Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Framework-Based Cellular Scaffolds with High Protein Adsorption, Retention, and Replenishment Capabilities.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with adsorption, storage, and separation capabilities due to their high specific surface areas and large pore volumes. MOFs are thus used in biomedical applications, and MOF nanoparticles have been widely studied as nanocarriers for drug delivery systems. Several research groups recently reported that specific MOF nanoparticles can adsorb and retain proteins, suggesting to us that MOF nanoparticles may have advantages as novel cell culture scaffolds. However, MOF nanoparticles cannot be used as two-dimensional scaffolds for cells. We therefore established a bottom-up technique to construct two-dimensional MOFs [MIL-53 (Al)] on polymer films. The developed two-dimensional MIL-53 (Al) film [fMIL-53 (Al)] exhibited high serum protein adsorption, retention, and replenishment capabilities as compared to conventional cell culture scaffolds. β-Galactosidase, used as a model protein, adsorbed on fMIL-53 (Al) exhibited original enzymatic activity, indicating that proteins are not denatured during the adsorption process. The viability of mouse myoblast cells (C2C12) cultured on fMIL-53 (Al) was 100%, indicating the cell compatibility of fMIL-53 (Al). Importantly, C2C12 cells cultured on serum protein-preadsorbed fMIL-53 (Al) exhibited excellent long-term adhesion, morphology, and proliferation even in a medium lacking serum proteins, demonstrating an important advantage of fMIL-53 (Al) as a cell culture scaffold, given that conventional cell culture scaffolds typically require a serum-containing medium to support stable cell adhesion and proliferation. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the application of MOFs as cell culture scaffolds and will serve as a starting point for studying two- and three-dimensional MOF-based cellular scaffolds for cell culture systems and for in vitro and in vivo tissue engineering.

Highly sensitive determination of niclosamide based on chitosan functionalized carbon nanotube/carbon black scaffolds with interconnected long- and short-range conductive network

A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was successfully fabricated for the determination of niclosamide (NA) based on the chitosan (CTS) functionalized carbon nanotube@carbon black scaffolds (CNT@CBS) nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). CNT@CBS with interconnected long- and short-range conductive network provided more efficient charge transfer channels and high electrochemical active surface area;CTS not only promoted the uniform dispersion of CNT@CBS but also possessed good biocompatibility, high adsorption capability, and excellent film-forming property. Benefitting from the synergistic effect of CNT@CBS and CTS, the CNT@CBS@CTS/GCE sensor showed a low limit of detection of 4.3 nM (Linear NA concentration: 0.01–10 μM). When applied for the NA detection in real samples, the fabricated sensor presented good practicability with satisfactory RSD values of 2.62%–4.35% and recoveries of 95.6–100.5%.

Addition of biochar as thin preamble layer into sand filtration columns could improve the microplastics removal from water

The release of microplastics (MPs) especially those with sizes less than 10 μm from effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is one of the major sources of plastics into aquatic environment. To reduce the discharge of MPs into environment, it is essential to further enhance their removal efficiencies in WWTPs. In present study, to boost the removal performance of MPs in sand filtration systems (units that commonly employed in WWTPs to remove colloidal pollutants), six types of biochar fabricated from three raw biomass materials (i.e. lignin, cellulose, and woodchips) at two pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C and 700 °C) was respectively amended into sand columns as thin permeable layer. We found that adding all six types of biochar into sand columns as thin permeable layer could greatly improve the retention of MPs with the diameter of 1 μm under either slow (4 m/d) or fast flow rates (160 m/d) due to the high adsorption capability of biochar. Woodchip-derived biochar exhibited the highest MPs retention performance, which was followed by cellulose-derived biochar and then lignin-derived biochar. Moreover, for biochar derived from three raw biomasses, increasing pyrolysis temperature could improve MPs retention performance. The direct observation of real-time plastics retention processes on different types of biochar via a visible flow chamber showed that woodchip-derived biochar especially that fabricated at 700 °C exhibited more MPs trapping processes relative to lignin and cellulose-derived biochar due to their more complex surface morphology. Thus, the highest MPs retention performance was achieved in sand columns with amendment by 1 wt% woodchip-derived biochar fabricated at 700 °C. More importantly, we found that for these modified sand filtration column systems, complete MPs removal could be achieved in real river water and actual sewage water, in multiple filtration cycles, longtime filtration process (100 pore volumes injection) as well as with interval flow conditions. Moreover, biochar could be regenerated and reused as thin permeable layer to effectively remove MPs. The results of this study clearly showed that biochar especially woodchip-derived biochar fabricated at 700 °C had the potential to immobilize MPs especially those with small sizes in WWTPs.

Cationic starch modified bentonite-alginate nanocomposites for highly controlled diffusion release of pesticides

To promote the controlled release efficacy of nanocomposites based on alginate and bentonite, (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl ammonium grafted starch was prepared and used as modifying agent of the clay. The nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TG analysis, to reveal the structural effects on the swelling property of the matrix and the release of alachlor, the model compound. Thermodynamics study indicated that the adsorption of alachlor on the bentonite was dominated by hydrophobic interaction with the siloxane surface of the clay and enhanced by the binding of the cationic starch. The electrostatic attraction between alginate and cationic starch bound on the surface also decreased the aggregation of bentonite platelets, leading to a more compact structure of the nanocomposites. The higher adsorption capability and lower permeability of the matrix resulted in a slower release of alachlor, which was dominated by Fickian diffusion mechanism. The release of alachlor first decreased and then increased with increasing content of bentonite and cationic starch modified bentonite in the nanocomposites, reaching a minimum around weight percentage 10%, at which the time taken for 50% of active ingredient to be released were 4.4 and 7.3 times that for the release from pure alginate hydrogel.

Nanofused Hierarchically Porous MIL-101(Cr) for Enhanced Methyl Orange Removal and Improved Catalytic Activity.

Hierarchically porous MIL-101(Cr) (H-MIL-101(Cr)) with meso/macro-pores was directly prepared via nanofusion progress by using butyric acid as a modulating agent. In the methyl orange (MO) adsorption experiments, H-MIL-101(Cr) showed a high adsorption capability of 369.8 mg g−1, which was 1.52-fold greater than that of pristine MIL-101(Cr) (P-MIL-101(Cr)). While in the oxidation reaction of indene and 1-dodecene tests, H-MIL-101(Cr) presented much higher catalytic efficiency, with turnover frequency (TOF) values of 0.7242 mmol g−1 min−1 and 0.1492 mmol g−1 min−1, respectively, which were 28% and 34% greater than that in the case of P-MIL-101(Cr). Thus, compared with P-MIL-101(Cr), H-MIL-101(Cr) exhibited better removal efficiency and higher levels of activity in the oxidation reactions of indene and 1-dodecene. The unique structure of H-MIL-101(Cr) also contributed to its superior performance in these processes.

Study of the Enhancements of Porous Structures of Activated Carbons Produced from Durian Husk Wastes

The idea of generating high-value practical materials, such as activated carbons, from agricultural wastes as a raw material has been a quite important trend recently due to its positive contributions to the environment and resource savings from biomass. In this paper, activated carbons prepared from durian husk waste by the KOH chemical activation method are studied. We focus on the effects of stages of the activating temperature on their properties. The optimum conditions for activation were a KOH/char ratio of 1:2 at the first and second activation process at the temperatures of 400 and 800 °C, respectively. The characterization results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area showed that the obtained activated carbons have a high surface area and small pore size. The adsorption/desorption isotherms of the obtained activated carbons showed type I and type II isotherms. The chemical structure of obtained activated carbons did not show any variation in the surface functional groups. A feasible method to produce the activated carbons with a high surface area and high adsorption capability from durian husk waste was eventually demonstrated.

Ultrafast Degradation and High Adsorption Capability of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant under Ambient Conditions Using Granular UiO-66-NH2 Metal-Organic Gels.

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) have been considered as prospective materials for the degradation of nerve chemical warfare agents (CWAs) but show poor catalytic performance toward blister agents. Moreover, the powder issues and the poor adsorption capability also remain as the major challenges for the application of Zr-MOFs in practical CWA detoxification. Herein, a series of defected granular UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic gels are synthesized via adjusting the amount of added concentrated hydrochloric acid for the decontamination of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), a sulfur mustard simulant. The half-life of 2-CEES decontaminated by defected granular UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic gels can be shortened to 7.6 min, which is the highest reported value for MOFs under ambient conditions. The mechanism of decontamination is that the amino group on the linkers in UiO-66-NH2 MOGs undergoes a substitution reaction with 2-CEES to yield 2-(2-(ethylthio)ethylamino)terephthalic acid, which is less toxic and fixed in the frameworks. The recycling test corroborates that the granular UiO-66-NH2 xerogels possess good stability and reusability. Static adsorption and desorption tests show that UiO-66-NH2 xerogels possess a high 2-CEES vapor adsorption capacity of 802 mg/g after exposure for 1 d and only 28 wt % desorption capacity after air exposure for 7 d. The dual function of ultrafast degradation and high adsorption capability provide a firm foundation for using UiO-66-NH2 xerogels as a future protection media.

Bifunctional Catalyst for Liquid–Solid Redox Conversion in Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries

Room‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries are one of the most promising large‐scale energy storage systems due to their high energy density and abundant Na reserve. However, the main challenges of poor rate performance and unsatisfactory capacity ascribing to sluggish conversion reaction kinetics and severe shuttling effect of long‐chain sodium polysulfides (NaPSs) retard the practical application. An ideal RT Na–S cathode host should concurrently incorporate strong adsorption capability and high catalytic activity. Herein, a bifunctional catalyst is designed, i.e., cobalt sulfide–selenide heterostructure in multichannel carbon nanofibers (denoted as CoS2–CoSe2@CNFs), as sulfur host for RT Na–S batteries. This unique catalyst combines the advantages of CoS2 with high adsorption capability toward soluble sodium polysulfides and CoSe2 with efficient catalytic activity to promote the liquid–solid conversion process. As a result, the S/CoS2–CoSe2@CNFs cathode achieves a high initial capacity (1295 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), long cycling stability (749 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g−1), and outstanding rate capability (866 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1). This work demonstrates a new bifunctional design strategy from theoretical and experimental aspects for high‐performance RT Na–S batteries.

Releasing the π-conjugated stack in triazine-derived porous materials for highly accessible active sites

Covalent triazine-derived porous materials, a class of nitrogen-rich porous materials, show great potential for a broad scope of applications. How to reduce or reaggregate the π-conjugated stack among the adjacent layers of covalent triazine-derived porous materials for more accessible active sites, is always the high-profile key point. Herein, we report a facile and mild cross-linking strategy between cyanuric chloride (CC) and octaphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-P) to synthesize triazine-derived porous materials. Due to the steric hindrance of POSS-P, the π-stacking of CC has been released intelligently, making the constructed porous materials with good affinity and highly accessible active sites. Benefiting from these notable merits, prominently pseudocapacitive lithium storage invoking by prolonged cycling has been achieved by using triazine-derived porous materials as the organic electrode of lithium-ion batteries, with the discharge capacity of 817 mAh g−1 at the current density of 2 A g−1 after 2000 cycles. Also, these accessible active sites on triazine-derived porous materials have also been proved to be favor for high adsorption capability and fast mass transfer. This work opens a new avenue for ingenious design and simple synthesis of porous materials with more accessible active sites, further promoting their performance in energy and adsorption fields.

Development of Ag-dendrites @Cu nanostructure for removal of selenium (IV) from aqueous solution.

Removal of selenite (Se (IV)) from wastewater is vital due to its more toxic and mobile properties. In this study, a novel dendritic silver-dendrites@ copper with hierarchical side-branches were synthesized through a two-pot rapid, facile, and green precipitation route. Characterization of the dendrites by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) confirmed the proper preparation of dendritic AgCu nanostructure. Significantly, the Ag@Cu nanostructure has high specific surface area (150 m2/g) and excellent adsorption activity toward selenite. The adsorption rate of Se (IV) on the dendritic AgCu reaches 94% within 60 min under normal adsorption procedures. Both adsorption kinetics and isotherms have been described well by the pesudo-second order model and Langmuir model, respectively. The noticeable high adsorption capabilities can mainly accredit to the effect of the hierarchical side-branched structure. Therefore, the dendritic AgCu nanostructure has a room of treating heavy metals-contaminated industrial wastewater streams. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Silver-dendrites@ copper with hierarchical side-branches were synthesized through a rapid and green precipitation route using copper nanoparticles. The prepared nanostructure was applied for Se (IV) adsorption at varying operational conditions (contact time, pH, and dose). High adsorption capacity for Se (IV) up to 173.1 mg/g was achieved using the prepared nanoparticles applying Langmuir isotherm model.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon nanotubes for the removal of toxic cationic dyes from textile wastewater

Toxic cationic dyes are used in different textile industries. When the colour interacts with the sunlight, it causes incomplete photosynthesis, inhibiting aquatic organisms’ growth and disrupting gas permeability in the water system. In this work, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared to employ acetylene and hydrogen as precursor gases in a microwave-assisted reactor. The obtained CNTs were tested for their ability to remove the crystal violet (CV) dye. However, the effect of removal parameters, such as pH of ion solution, initial concentration, and contact time, was optimized on the adsorption process through response surface methodology. It was found that the optimized removal of CV dye was 81% at an optimum pH value of 7.0 with 10 mg/L of an initial concentration and a contact time of 25 min. Complete dye extraction can be achieved by increasing the CNT dosage.Moreover, by using both the Langmuir model and Freundlich model of adsorption, the equilibrium data obtained from experiments were analyzed. The study also revealed that the adsorption at room temperature, having a high adsorption capability of 2.615 mg/g for CV, was best defined using the Langmuir model. For the reaction order, the adsorption rates represented the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

Phosphorus Removal from Aqueous Solution by Using Calcined Waste Chicken Eggshell: Kinetic and Isotherm Model

Excess phosphorus in water bodies stimulates algal growth and causes eutrophication. Eutrophication is one of the conditions that is a global problem in the environment and affects the quality of water in receiving water. Due to this matter, various wastewater treatment technologies have been developed to solve this problem; however, such technologies incur a high cost for their operation and maintenance. Hence, to seek the eco-friendly element in removing phosphorus from wastewater, this study used calcined waste chicken eggshell to remove phosphorus in an aqueous solution by using adsorbent with different particle sizes (0.075, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 1.18 mm). The calcined waste chicken eggshells were calcined at 800 °C in a furnace and used as adsorbents. The phosphorus adsorption onto calcined waste chicken eggshell data from experiments was fitted to kinetic and isotherm models. Chicken eggshell is an eco-friendly material that has the potential as an adsorbent for removing phosphorus from an aqueous solution, where the highest removal is 98%. The best model for phosphorus removal is the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, as it fits better with the data and has a high R2 of 0.9999. Calcined waste chicken eggshells have a multilayer adsorption property, making them a perfect adsorbent with high adsorption capabilities. The application of waste material to adsorb phosphorus from an aqueous solution shows the contribution of eco-friendly waste material use in real adsorption wastewater treatment technologies.

Facile and sustainable modification for improving the adsorption ability of sugarcane bagasse towards cationic organic pollutants

Using low-cost agro-industrial wastes and by-products derived from lignocellulosic biomass for adsorption is considered to be an affordable and sustainable way to tackle the burning issue of cationic pollution in the water bodies, while its relatively low adsorption capability limits its large-scale application. In this study, a green, rapid, simple, and cheap method was developed by using ozone to improve the adsorption abilities of sugarcane bagasse (SB). The relationship between the chemical compositions and functional groups of SB after ozone modification and its adsorption abilities was studied. Results showed that ozone modification under very low ozone consumption (~ 1.5 wt%) could efficiently increase the pore volume, surface area, and carboxyl groups, change the chemical compositions of SB, and does not significantly change its morphology, thereby ensuring the good adsorption performance of SB and easy recycling from the water bodies. The maximum adsorption rate and equilibrium adsorption capacity of SB for positively charged methylene blue (MB) were increased about 33.3% and 11.3% than the original SB (MB concentration = 100 mg/L, SB concentration = 5 g/L, initial solution pH = 6, temperature = 30 °C). Besides, ozone-modified SB maintained its high adsorption capability even at a high NaCl concentration of 0.6 M and high pH of 9. For cationic polymer with high charge densities, the adsorption capacity of milled SB increased about 125.4%.Graphical Abstract

Carbon aerogels with nickel@N-doped carbon core-shell nanoclusters as electrochemical sensors for simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol

Rational design of carbon nanomaterials with high adsorption capability and remarkable catalytic activity is essential to achieve high-performance sensors. In this paper, supramolecular hydrogels cross-linking of Ni2+, chitosan (CS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are prepared and used as the precursors to produce nanocomposites composed of core-shell structures and carbon aerogels (denoted as NCACNT/Ni) by facile pyrolysis. Due to the anchoring of abundant functional groups on the CS chains and the spatial confinement of MWCNTs, the N-doped carbon shells encapsulating Ni nanoclusters with the small size of ca. 4 nm uniformly distribute in the carbon aerogels. On one hand, the N atoms on the shell accepting electrons from Ni cores can easily adsorb hydroquinone and catechol (HQ and CT) by hydrogen bonding to enhance the local molecular concentration; on the other hand, the highly active NiNx sites can enhance the oxide current response signal. The high adsorption capability and remarkable catalytic activity endow the NCACNT/Ni with high performance towards qualitative and quantitative determination of HQ and CT with a linear range from 2 to 100 μM and respective limit of detection (LODs) of 0.36 μM (3σ/k) and 0.41 μM (3σ/k). This work paves a new pathway for the rational design and engineering of carbon nanomaterials for electrochemical sensors and environmental analyses.

Preparation of magnetic adsorbent-photocatalyst composites for dye removal by synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis

Biochar-based magnetic photocatalyst (ZnFe-BC) is successfully prepared by one-pot method using microwave heating for rhodamine B (RB) and malachite green (MG) removal from wastewater. The characterization results show that ZnFe-BC has the properties of adsorption, photocatalytic degradation and magnetism, contributing to RB and MG removal. The adsorption capabilities of RB and MG are 334.89 mg/g and 576.73 mg/g calculated by Langmuir model, respectively. The adsorption data are fitted to the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson model to predict the breakthrough curves of RB and MG in the fixed-bed adsorption. The photodegradation removals of RB and MG are 99.05% and 98.08%, respectively. A good photodegradation performance of ZnFe-BC is attributed to the high adsorption capability of ZnFe-BC, and synergy between biochar and ZnO on ZnFe-BC. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism is investigated by the density functional theory calculation. ZnFe-BC can be quickly recycled from RB or MG solution under extra magnetic field after use. ZnFe-BC still has good removal in binary RB and MG mixture solution. The present work demonstrates a successful example of waste poplar saw dust converting into the sustainable biochar-based magnetic photocatalyst for RB and MG removal from wastewater

Fast and Selective Methyl Blue Adsorption from Aqueous Solution on 3D BiOCl Microspheres

AbstractThree dimensional BiOCl microspheres self‐assembled by nanoplates were fabricated by one step hydrothermal route in water and glycerol mixed solvent. Negatively charged surfaces of the nanoplates make these BiOCl microspheres possess excellent selectivity for cationic dyes removal. The removal efficiency of BiOCl microspheres is almost not affected by pH, and high removal efficiency of 96 % still remains even though at a pH of 2. Another merit of the BiOCl microspheres is their high adsorption rate, and only 2∼20 min is needed to get adsorption equilibrium. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB reaches 146.4 mg g−1. The used BiOCl microspheres can be regenerated by a simple process, and 75 % removal efficiency is maintained after five adsorption‐regeneration cycles. Overall, benefitting from their ultrafast rate, high adsorption capability, simple fabrication, good regenerability, and environment friendly nature, the BiOCl microspheres can be adopted as an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment.

Effects of Additives on Sonolytic Degradation of Azo Dye Molecules Found in Industrial Wastewater

The growing number of industries is a threat to our environment, as they expose the polluted water directly into the natural water sources. Various processes have been expanded to evacuate these hazardous organic pollutants from water. Among them, advance oxidation process (AOP) is very popular, as the method is cost efficient and highly effective in the similar field. In this process ultrasound is exercised for the deterioration of these pollutants and occasionally some additives are also added to enhance the degradation. In this article, the author has reported the degradation of two azo dyes, named methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR), in presence of some additives like, inorganic salts, charcoal, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, CCl<sub>4</sub>, tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), glucose and sucrose. The total experiment was conducted at room temperature and the power of the sonication machine was fixed to 40 kHz-120W. For both of the dyes, it was found that charcoal was most effective additive, which highly enhanced the degradation rate, which was mainly due to its high adsorption capability. TBA found to be the least enhancer for MO, on the contrary, pure CR showed the lowest degradation rate. The effectiveness of additives for MO can be shown as 0.01g charcoal > 20 ml glucose > 20 ml NaCl > 100 μL CCl<sub>4</sub> > 10 ml Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> > 400 μL H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> > 10 ml sucrose > pure MO > TBA, while for CR is 0.01g charcoal > combined additives > TBA > 100 μL CCl<sub>4</sub> > pure CR, after sonication for 15 minutes in a sonicator.

A UCMPs@MIL-100 based thermo-sensitive molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor for effective detection of \u03b2-lactoglobulin allergen in milk products

In this study, a thermo-sensitive molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor was developed for the specific detection of β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) allergen in milk products. The metal–organic frameworks (MIL-100) with a high specific surface area was coated on the surface of upconversion micro-particles (UCMPs). As the core, an imprinted polymer layer allowing for swelling and shrinking with response to temperature was prepared, which exhibited high adsorption and mass transfer capabilities for β-LG allergen. The fluorescence intensity of UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP decreased linearly with the concentration of β-LG in the range of 0.1–0.8 mg mL−1, and the limit of detection was 0.043 mg mL−1. The imprinting factor reached 3.415, which indicated that excellent specificity of the UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP for β-LG allergen. In the analysis of β-LG allergen in actual milk samples, the proposed UCMPs@MIL-100@MIP fluorescence sensor produced reliable and accurate results (recovery: 86.0–98.4%, RSD: 2.8–6.8%), closely related to the results of standard HPLC method (correlation coefficient: 0.9949), indicating that its feasibility in the detection of β-LG allergen.Graphical