Higher Well-being Research Articles

Development and Validation of an Ability Measure of Emotion Understanding: The Core Relational Themes of Emotion (CORE) Test.

Emotion understanding (EU) ability is associated with healthy social functioning and psychological well-being. Across three studies, we develop and present validity evidence for the Core Relational Themes of Emotions (CORE) Test. The test measures people's ability to identify relational themes underlying 19 positive and negative emotions. Relational themes are consistencies in the meaning people assign to emotional experiences. In Study 1, we developed and refined the test items employing a literature review, expert panel, and confusion matrix with a demographically diverse sample. Correctness criteria were determined using theory and prior research, and a progressive (degrees of correctness) paradigm was utilized to score the test. In Study 2, the CORE demonstrated high internal consistency and a confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional factor structure. The CORE showed evidence of convergence with established EU ability measures and divergent relationships with verbal intelligence and demographic characteristics, supporting its construct validity. Also, the CORE was associated with less relational conflict. In Study 3, the CORE was associated with more adaptive and less maladaptive coping and higher well-being on multiple indicators. A set of effects remained, accounting for variance from a widely used EU test, supporting the CORE's incremental validity. Theoretical and methodological contributions are discussed.

Resilience, activities of daily living, and well-being in patients with chronic kidney disease.

The aim was to investigate the associations of activities of daily living, resilience and the well-being among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and provide a long-term follow-up study. A longitudinal design was used. The instruments included the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) Scale to assess the activities of daily living as well as the Resilience Scale and Well-Being Scale. A regression analysis was used to predict the factors related to well-being. A repeated-measures ANOVA was used for long-term follow-up with regard to IADLs, resilience and well-being. A total of 105 eligible participants were enrolled, of whom 59% were men and 41% were women. Interactions at three time points among IADLs, resilience, and well-being were reported. IADLs were significantly and positively associated with resilience and well-being. Resilience was a significant predictor of well-being. The well-being score increased by 0.24 points for every 1-point increase in the resilience score. IADLs, resilience, and well-being are correlated in patients with CKD, and resilience is a predictor of well-being. Higher resilience is associated with higher well-being. Therefore, clinical care providers need to access the resilience level of CKD patients as early as possible and design appropriate interventions to improve mental health and quality of life.

Do cancer curvivors and metavivors have distinct needs for stress management intervention? Retrospective analysis of a mind-body survivorship program.

Cancer "curvivors" (completed initial curative intent treatment with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and/or other novel therapies) and "metavivors" (living with metastatic or chronic, incurable cancer) experience unique stressors, but it remains unknown whether these differences impact benefits from mind-body interventions. This study explored differences between curvivors and metavivors in distress (depression, anxiety, worry) and resiliency changes over the course of an 8-week group program, based in mind-body stress reduction, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and positive psychology. From 2017-2021, 192 cancer survivors (83% curvivors; 17% metavivors) completed optional online surveys of resiliency (CES) and distress (PHQ-8, GAD-7, PSWQ-3) pre- and post- participation in an established clinical program. Mixed effect regression models explored curvivor-metavivor differences at baseline and in pre-post change. Compared to curvivors, metavivors began the program with significantly more resilient health behaviors (B = 0.99, 95% CI[0.12, 1.86], p = .03) and less depression (B = -2.42, 95%CI[-4.73, -0.12], p = .04), with no other significant differences. Curvivors experienced significantly greater reductions in depression (curvivor-metavivor difference in strength of change = 2.12, 95% CI [0.39, 3.83], p = .02) over the course of the program, with no other significant differences. Neither virtual delivery modality nor proportion of sessions attended significantly moderated strength of resiliency or distress change. Metavivors entering this mind-body program had relatively higher well-being than did curvivors, and both groups experienced statistically comparable change in all domains other than depression. Resiliency programming may thus benefit a variety of cancer survivors, including those living with incurable cancer.

Well-being and ill-being on campus

Enquiries into the low mental health of university students are exposing the relative merits of competing theoretical and empirical models. The debate is important because the models used to characterise the problem imply alternative causations, consequences, and possible interventions. The purpose of our study is to highlight the value of recognising the presence of both well-being and ill-being within individual students (the dual continua model) as opposed to viewing their well-being and ill-being as opposite ends of a single continuum of mental health (the bipolar model). Using a baseline survey completed by 1,581 first year undergraduate students who enrolled in a New Zealand university at the beginning of 2019, we document the inverse correlation between their scores on the WHO-5 measure of psychological well-being and the PHQ-9 measure of psychological distress or ill-being. Contrary to the assumption of the bipolar model we find their inverse correlation is not strong and that many students are located off the diagonal, some reporting both high well-being and high ill-being over the two-week reference period and many more recording low scores on both screening instruments. We represent this heterogeneity in terms of six clusters of students based on a latent profile analysis of their two scores. We also find that students’ well-being and ill-being respond differently to variations in their physical and financial health both in cross-section and over time, confirming that well-being and ill-being can also be functionally independent. The results are important both diagnostically and in terms of the interventions they suggest.

Employee well-being: the role of perceived competence

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to gain more understanding of how competence might matter from the perspective of well-being at work. The authors explore how perceived competence is connected to perceived work-related well-being among Baby Boomer, Generation X and Generation Y employees.Design/methodology/approachThe authors explore how perceived competence is connected to perceived work-related well-being among Baby Boomer, Generation X and Generation Y employees. The frames of reference of the study are based on literature on employee well-being (measured with work engagement and overcommitment) and competence, as well as on generational discussions. The quantitative, questionnaire-based study was conducted in 88 companies in Finland, with the total number of respondents being 4,418.FindingsThe main finding was that perceived competence related to current duties is statistically significantly connected to employee well-being. The results indicate that high competence results in high employee well-being in all generational groups. Further, Generation Y estimated their work well-being, both in terms of work engagement and overcommitment, lower than Baby Boomers or Generation X. The results suggest that developing competence of employees in organizations seems to be an important means to also support work well-being. It is especially important to pay attention to that among Generation Y, who take their first steps in working life. Competence is a meaningful factor for coping in working life in continually changing work environments. Incompetence is not just a factor for poor performance but also a potential threat to employee well-being.Originality/valueMost of the competence/workplace learning results research concentrates on cognitive competence and skills, often from the employers’ benefit viewpoint (useful skills, productivity increase). This study starts from the finding that new generations of workers rather look for a meaningful work life, and thus, a feeling of having the necessary competences directly improves their well-being and, thus, life quality. Furthermore, the study is based on an original questionnaire-based study conducted in 88 companies in Finland, with the total number of respondents being 4,418.

Description of Subjective Welfare of Santri at Islamic Boarding Schools

Adolescents need high subjective well-being because adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood so that they are vulnerable to various problems. The same applies to teenage students who live in Islamic boarding schools. This study aims to determine the description of subjective well being in adolescent students at Pondok Pesantren An - Nur Sidoarjo. The number of subjects in this study were 123 students using the proportional stratified random sampling technique from 190 total populations. Collecting data using a Likert scale model on the subjective well being variable. The research analysis uses descriptive analysis method with a quantitative approach and utilizes the help of SPSS 25.0 for Windows. The results of this study indicate that most of the subjective well being students are in the moderate category with a percentage of 38% of 47 students. The next result is a description of subjective well being based on gender and age. Subjective well being based on gender shows that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.023 <0.05, then there is a significant difference between the subjective well being of male students. Subjective well being based on the age factor of the students at the An-Nur Islamic Boarding School can show that the value of Sig. 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded that the average subjective well being based on age is significantly different.

What is the Meaning of Paid Employment for Well-Being? A Focus Group Study on Differences and Similarities Between Autistic Adults With and Without Employment

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to explore the meaning of work for the subjective well-being of autistic adults with and without paid (competitive) employment and to evaluate the differences and similarities between these groups.MethodsEight focus groups were conducted, including a total of 64 autistic adults. Four groups entailed participants with current paid employment (including part-time) and four groups entailed participants without paid employment. All discussions were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim to enable inductive thematic content analysis. Data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti 9.ResultsGenerally, both groups viewed paid employment as very important for well-being, albeit for different reasons. Three themes were found: (1) Not having paid employment was associated with lacking societal recognition, and subsequent low self-esteem, which was a dominant theme in those without work; (2) Work can seriously damage (mental) health and well-being, found in both groups; and (3) Paid employment provides many benefits for well-being, with subthemes: ‘purpose,’ ‘social contacts,’ ‘growth and use of talents,’ ‘structure and calmness,’ and ‘income and freedom’, which was a dominant theme in those with paid employment.ConclusionsBoth groups found paid employment highly important for their well-being, albeit for different reasons. However, both also agreed that paid employment can be very harmful to (mental) health and well-being. Suitable, well-supported jobs are important for well-being, may help to buffer stress in other life areas, and may even prevent autistic burnout. More studies are needed on how healthy jobs can be created where autistic individuals get positive energy and experience high well-being. This will also help to reduce socio-economic inequality.

Functional connectivity differences in healthy individuals with different well-being states

Well-being (WB) is defined as a healthy state of mind and body. It is a state in which an individual is able to contribute to its society, able to work productively and overcome the normal stress of life. WB is a multi-dimensional concept and covers different aspects, including life satisfaction and quality of life. Little is known as to whether there are differences in connectivity patterns between healthy individuals with different WB states. We evaluated the WB state of healthy individuals with no prior diagnosis of any psychological disorder using the “General habitual WB questionnaire”, covering mental, physical and social domains. Subjects with mean age 25±4 years were divided into two groups, high WB state (n = 18) and low WB state (n = 14). We investigated and compared the groups for their resting state (rs-fMRI) functional connectivity (FC) patterns using DPARSF compiled with SPM12 toolbox. WB specific seeds were chosen for FC analysis. In the high WB group we found significantly increased connectivity between bilateral angular gyrus and frontal regions comprising the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), right frontal superior gyrus and left precuneus. The low-WB group showed increased connectivity between the bilateral amygdala and the occipital lobe and the right anterior OFC. To conclude connectivity results with a quantitative approach, suggest differences in cognitive and decision-making processing between people with varying WB states. The high-WB group when compared to low-WB group had higher cognitive processing and decision making based on their internal mental processes and self-referential processing, whereas connectivity between amygdala and OFC relates to decreased attentional processing and promotes effective emotional regulation that may be a lead to rumination.

Wearable-based human flow experience recognition enhanced by transfer learning methods using emotion data

Background:Flow experience is a specific positive and affective state that occurs when humans are completely absorbed in an activity and forget everything else. This state can lead to high performance, well-being, and productivity at work. Few studies have been conducted to determine the human flow experience using physiological wearable sensor devices. Other studies rely on self-reported data. Methods:In this article, we use physiological data collected from 25 subjects with multimodal sensing devices, in particular the Empatica E4 wristband, the Emotiv Epoc X electroencephalography (EEG) headset, and the Biosignalplux RespiBAN – in arithmetic and reading tasks to automatically discriminate between flow and non-flow states using feature engineering and deep feature learning approaches. The most meaningful wearable device for flow detection is determined by comparing the performances of each device. We also investigate the connection between emotions and flow by testing transfer learning techniques involving an emotion recognition-related task on the source domain. Results:The EEG sensor modalities yielded the best performances with an accuracy of 64.97%, and a macro Averaged F1 (AF1) score of 64.95%. An accuracy of 73.63% and an AF1 score of 72.70% were obtained after fusing all sensor modalities from all devices. Additionally, our proposed transfer learning approach using emotional arousal classification on the DEAP dataset led to an increase in performances with an accuracy of 75.10% and an AF1 score of 74.92%. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that effective discrimination between flow and non-flow states is possible with multimodal sensor data. The success of transfer learning using the DEAP emotion dataset as a source domain indicates that emotions and flow are connected, and emotion recognition can be used as a latent task to enhance the performance of flow recognition.

Building resilience in early career mental health professionals

PurposeResilience can protect against workplace stress, benefit psychological wellbeing and promote effective clinical practice in mental health professionals. The purpose of this study was to consider the feasibility and acceptability of resilience training for trainee mental health professionals based on the skills-based model of personal resilience (Baker et al., 2021). The study also aimed to explore the impact of the training on resilience, wellbeing and burnout.Design/methodology/approachIn a within-subject 10-week follow-up study, mixed methods were used to evaluate the one-day resilience training for trainee mental health professionals working in services in the UK.FindingsThe intervention was found to be acceptable to attendees, with high levels of satisfaction reported. Resilience was evaluated through self-report measures at three-time points. Resilience scores at follow-up were significantly higher than pre- and post-intervention scores. The secondary outcomes of wellbeing and burnout did not significantly improve.Research limitations/implicationsPreliminary support was found for the feasibility and acceptability of resilience training for trainee mental health practitioners. Audience-specific adaptations and follow-up groups to aid skills practice and implementation may further enhance benefits to resilience. Resilience interventions may supplement practitioner training to improve resilience. Resilience is associated with higher wellbeing and lower burnout. The impact of resilience training on overall wellbeing and burnout remains uncertain; however, newly learned resilience skills may take time to benefit wellbeing.Originality/valueA key contribution of this study is to provide evidence regarding the feasibility of implementing the skills-based model of personal resilience, outlined in Baker et al. (2021), in a learning environment.

Relationship Between Happiness and Extracurricular Activities Among High School Students

Objective: This study aimed to bridge the knowledge gap of the relationship between extracurricular activities and happiness among high school students and the variance of well-being among types of schools and genders. Methods: Using a cross-sectional field survey, data were obtained from 503 high school students of co-educational, boys-only, and girls-only schools. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale is used for measuring well-being. ANOVA, t-test and correlation study are employed. Results: Among students, 32.0% had low well-being, 66.2% had moderate well-being, and only 1.8% had high well-being. A statistically significant difference in mean happiness scores between the types of schools was observed through ANOVA. Independent t-test shows that subjective well-being among boys was higher than the girls. Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that extracurricular activities can significantly positively impact subjective well-being. Boys-only school has a significantly higher mean score of well-being than types of school. Additionally, gender differences in subjective well-being require further exploration with additional variables. Research Implications: Such findings contribute to our better understanding of the relationship between well-being and extracurricular activities. Also, it can have implications for policymakers and teachers in developing pedagogy and for family members and other stakeholders in bringing about the holistic development of students. Originality/value: This study addresses the gap in the body of knowledge regarding the significance of extracurricular activities and subjective well-being among high school students in India.

Relationship Between Happiness and Extracurricular Activities Among High School Students

Objective: This study aimed to bridge the knowledge gap of the relationship between extracurricular activities and happiness among high school students and the variance of well-being among types of schools and genders. Methods: Using a cross-sectional field survey, data were obtained from 503 high school students of co-educational, boys-only, and girls-only schools. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale is used for measuring well-being. ANOVA, t-test and correlation study are employed. Results: Among students, 32.0% had low well-being, 66.2% had moderate well-being, and only 1.8% had high well-being. A statistically significant difference in mean happiness scores between the types of schools was observed through ANOVA. Independent t-test shows that subjective well-being among boys was higher than the girls. Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that extracurricular activities can significantly positively impact subjective well-being. Boys-only school has a significantly higher mean score of well-being than types of school. Additionally, gender differences in subjective well-being require further exploration with additional variables. Research Implications: Such findings contribute to our better understanding of the relationship between well-being and extracurricular activities. Also, it can have implications for policymakers and teachers in developing pedagogy and for family members and other stakeholders in bringing about the holistic development of students. Originality/value: This study addresses the gap in the body of knowledge regarding the significance of extracurricular activities and subjective well-being among high school students in India.

Perceived stigmatization, psychosocial well-being and self-esteem among individuals living in leprosy center in south-west, Nigeria

Background: Leprosy has over time been seen as a symbol of shame and stigmatization as people affected by leprosy continue to be stigmatized and discriminated against even after they have been cured. The study aimed to assess the perceived levels of stigmatization, psychosocial well-being, and self-esteem among individuals living at a leprosy center in South-West, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design of face-to-face research was conducted in a leprosy center using a simple random technique. The study instrument was a self-structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic details, questions on stigmatization towards the individual affected by leprosy and their family members, and questions regarding their psychosocial well-being adapted from literature, as well as questions adapted from the validated Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) by Morris Rosenberg to assess their self-esteem. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS version 26 software. Results: A total of 134 participants were included in the study. Most of the participants were females (61.2%) within the age range of 21- 40 years old (32.8%), and are students (25.4%). Out of the 134 participants, 29.1% (39) of them were affected by leprosy. The participants perceived a high level of stigmatization (37.3%), a high level of psychosocial well-being (38.8%), and demonstrated a moderate level of self-esteem (50.7%). The male gender perceived both low (B = -3.054, p = 0.004) and high (B = -1.84, p = 0.049) stigmatization at p< 0.05. The married (B = -5.421, p = 0.004), the Christians (B = 5.424, p = 0.043) and Islamic (B = 7.743, p = 0.011) participants perceived low stigmatization at p< 0.05. The participants within the age range 21 - 40 (B = 6.25, p = 0.019) and 61 – 80 years (B = 7.29, p = 0.017) perceived high psychosocial well-being while the single (B = -4.43, p = 0.049) and married (B = -5.26, p = 0.017) participants perceived low psychosocial well-being at p< 0.05. None of the demographic factors had relationships with self-esteem at p< 0.05. The perceived levels of stigmatization (r= 0.314, p= 0.0001) and psychosocial well-being (r= 0.225, p= 0.009) are associated with the level of self-esteem at p< 0.05. Conclusion: This study concludes that the individuals affected by leprosy and their family members living at the leprosy center experienced a high level of stigmatization and, a high level of psychosocial well-being but had moderate self-esteem.

The effect of survey administration mode on youth mental health measures: Social desirability bias and sensitive questions

AimResearch on trends in youth mental health is used to inform government policy and service funding decisions. It often uses interviewer-administered surveys, which may be affected by mode effects related to social desirability bias. This study sought to determine the impact of survey administration mode on mental health measures, comparing mode effects for sensitive mental health measures (psychological distress and wellbeing) and non-sensitive (physical activity) measures. MethodsData were from two large national community samples of young Australians aged 12–25 years conducted in 2020 (N = 6238) and 2022 (N = 4122), which used both interviewer-administered and self-report modes of data collection. ResultsResults showed participants reported lower psychological distress and higher wellbeing in the interviewer-assisted compared with the self-report mode. No mode effects were found for the non-sensitive physical activity measures. No interaction between mode and gender was found, but an age group by mode interaction revealed that those in the 18–21 and 22–25-year age groups were more strongly affected than younger adolescents. ConclusionsThese findings suggest underestimates of mental health issues from interview survey formats, particularly for young adults. The results show how even a weak mode effect can have a large impact on mental health prevalence indicators. Researchers and policy makers need to be aware of the impact social desirability bias can have on mental health measures and consider taking steps to mitigate this effect.

Differences in the Spiritual Welfare Levels of the Elderly Who Have Spouses and Without Spouses

Introduction: Most of the elderly who have spouses have a high level of spiritual well-being, but some also have moderate and low levels of spiritual well-being. This is also experienced by the elderly who do not have a life partner, some have moderate and low levels of spiritual well-being, but some also have high levels of high spiritual well-being. Purpose: this study aims to determine the difference in the spiritual well-being of the elderly who have a spouse and without a spouse. Place of Research: Rejosari Health Center Working Area. Methods: This study used a quantitative design using a comparative study method. The approach used was cross sectional. Results: There is no difference in the level of spiritual well-being of the elderly who have a spouse and without a spouse (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.228, 0.05). Conclusion: There is no difference in the level of spiritual well-being of the elderly who have spouses and those without spouses. Suggestion: Future researchers can examine the factors that affect the spiritual well-being of the elderly with or without a spouse.

Ownership of dogs and cats leads to higher levels of well-being and general trust through family involvement in late adolescence.

Late adolescence is a crucial period during which individuals connect with new communities. Furthermore, their mental health has lasting effects on their overall well-being. Involvement with family and the local community plays a significant role in shaping adolescents' personalities and well-being. Additionally, pets, such as dogs and cats, function as social catalysts and increase interactions with family and the local community. We hypothesized that pet ownership would increase involvement with family and the local community and thereby impact adolescents' personalities and well-being. Therefore, this study investigated whether owning dogs or cats was related to well-being through increased involvement with family and local community members in late adolescence. Data were collected via a questionnaire administered to high school and university students. The questionnaire included questions on basic information about adolescents and their families, pet ownership experience, family and local community involvement, well-being, cultural estrangement inventory, and general trust. Structural equation modeling revealed that adolescent women who owned dogs or cats had higher well-being and general trust through their involvement with their families. Although previous research reported that men who had experienced pet ownership in childhood were more sociable in old age, the effect of pet ownership on men was not observed in this study. During late adolescence, when individuals experience many connections with new communities, the effects of pets may temporarily decrease. Therefore, future cohort studies should examine the effects of pets on each age group.

High School Emotional Well-Being: Identifying Factors And Creating A Working Model For Prediction

In high schools across the world, a mental health crisis is happening. High school students’ mental health has been decreasing at an alarming rate since the 2000s, and the negative impacts of this crisis such as suicide rates have been exacerbated. Two significant issues are causing the problem. The first is the lack of data concerning high school students’ emotional well-being. There is no current data set that attempts to correlate and categorize the causes of these mental health issues with the emotional health of students. The second is the lack of available tools to help teachers and counselors identify those with mental health issues and help them get access to treatment. This study resolves these two problems with the creation of an accurate machine learning algorithm to model and predict students’ mental health as well as the collection of a data set about high school students that contain potential causes. The model attempts to use potential stressors collected by a survey to predict students’ mental health; the best possible model predicts mental health on the Subjective Happiness Scale with a mean squared error of 0.41 and an r2 of 0.52, which is satisfactory for a subjective study.

Maternal breastfeeding is associated with offspring microbiome diversity; a secondary analysis of the MicrobeMom randomized control trial.

Microbial dysbiosis in infancy can influence long-term health outcomes such as childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to explore relationships among maternal well-being during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and the infant gut microbiome. This is a secondary analysis of healthy pregnant women from the MicrobeMom study, a double-blind randomized control trial of maternal probiotic supplementation (Bifidobacterium breve 702258) versus placebo antenatally and up to 3 months postpartum. Maternal well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 well-being index at 16 weeks' and 34 weeks' gestation. Breastfeeding practices were recorded at discharge from hospital and at 1 month postpartum. Infant stool samples were obtained at 1 month of age. Next generation shotgun sequencing determined infant microbial diversity. Independent sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests informed adjusted regression analysis, which was adjusted for delivery mode, antibiotics during delivery, maternal age and body mass index (BMI), and probiotic vs. control study group. Women (n = 118) with at least one measure of well-being were on average 33 years (SD 3.93) of age and 25.09 kg/m2 (SD 3.28) BMI. Exclusive breastfeeding was initiated by 65% (n = 74). Any breastfeeding was continued by 69% (n = 81) after 1 month. In early and late pregnancy, 87% (n = 97/111) and 94% (n = 107/114) had high well-being scores. Well-being was not associated with infant microbial diversity at 1 month. In adjusted analysis, exclusive breastfeeding at discharge from hospital was associated with infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.254, 95% CI 0.006, 0.038). At 1 month postpartum, any breastfeeding was associated with infant microbial alpha diversity (Shannon index; -0.241, 95% CI -0.498, -0.060) and observed species; (-0.325, 95% CI -0.307, -0.060), and infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.319, 95% CI 0.013, 0.045). Exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum was associated with infant alpha diversity (Shannon index -0.364, 95% CI -0.573, -0.194; Simpson index 0.339, 95% CI 0.027, 0.091), and infant's number of observed microbial species (-0.271, 95% CI -0.172, -0.037). Breastfeeding practices at 1 month postpartum were associated with lower microbial diversity and observed species in infants at 1 month postpartum, which is potentially beneficial to allow greater abundance of Bifidobacterium. ISRCTN53023014.

The Impact of Workplace Wellbeing on Job Performance with Work Engagement as a Mediating Variable

In an increasingly complex and competitive world of work, organisations need to pay attention to the workplace well-being of employees. Workplace well-being includes job satisfaction, work-life balance, social support and a healthy work environment. High work well-being can have a positive impact on employee performance. This study aimed to examine the impact of workplace well-being on job performance, with work engagement as a mediating variable. This research uses quantitative research methods. Data was collected through a literature study and a survey using a questionnaire. The population of this research is 1,800 Production Division employees at PT. Leading Garment Industries Bandung was selected using a purposive sampling technique. The collected data were analysed using statistical analysis techniques. The results showed that workplace well-being did not affect job performance. At the same time, the work engagement variable had a positive and significant effect. In addition, work engagement positively and significantly affects job performance. Whereas in the mediating variable, there is an indirect effect between workplace well-being on job performance which is mediated by work engagement, and there is no direct effect between workplace well-being on job performance.

High commitment HRM and well-being of frontline food service employees: the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions

PurposeThis study aims to examine the relationship between high commitment human resource management (HCHRM) practices and employee well-being in the food service industry, with a focus on the mediating roles of job demands and psychological conditions.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted among 296 frontline employees in the food service industry, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS ver26.FindingsThe results showed that HCHRM practices do not directly affect employee well-being. However, psychological conditions play a crucial role in mediating the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. Specifically, the psychological conditions of meaningfulness and availability significantly predicted work engagement and mediated the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being. On the other hand, job demands did not mediate the relationship between HCHRM practices and employee well-being.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the study addressed common method variance, the cross-sectional nature of the data limits the ability to infer causal relationships among variables. Future studies could adopt a longitudinal research design to investigate the causal relationships among variables. In addition, the study recommends that managers in the food service industry adopt HCHRM practices and provide necessary psychological conditions to promote employee well-being.Originality/valueThis study extends the current literature on HCHRM and employee well-being in the food service industry by providing new insights into the mediating role of psychological conditions. The findings suggest that HCHRM practices can indirectly promote employee well-being through the enhancement of psychological conditions. These insights could help managers in the food service industry to design effective HRM strategies that foster employee well-being and reduce turnover.