High Value-added Services Research Articles

신뢰되는 DRM 클라우드 서비스를 위한 책임 추적성 분석 및 모니터링 툴 설계

Abstract The accountability of cloud service which provides the cloud users with accountable services applies various technologies such as the compliance of service policy, monitoring and auditing, logging, and others. It ultimately intends to provide trustworthy cloud service by determining who is accountable for various problems happened during data processing and service offering. In this paper, we propose a cloud ecosystem formed from the chain of content and DRM Cloud service in order to offer secure and trust DRM cloud service when providing high value-added content service. Besides this, we analyse the requirements of cloud services for content owners and users and then propose some logging information to be recorded for trace of accountability and a structure of tool for monitoring. Key Words : Cloud computing, Accountability, Digital rights management, Content Service, Monitoring * 이 논문은 2011년도 정부(미래창조과학부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단-차세대정보ㆍ컴퓨팅기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(No. 2011-0029927)Received 13 October 2014, Revised 17 November 2014Accepted 20 December 2014Corresponding Author: Sang Uk Shin(Pukyong National University) Email: shinsu@pknu.ac.krⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ISSN: 1738-1916 properly cited.

Factors affecting the quality of engineering education in the four largest emerging economies

A huge increase in engineering graduates from the BRIC countries in recent decades potentially threatens the competitiveness of developed countries in producing high value-added products and services, while also holding great promise for substantially increasing the level of global basic and applied innovation. The key question is whether the quality of these new BRIC engineers will be high enough to actualize this potential. The objective of our study is to assess the evolving capacity of BRIC higher education systems to produce qualified engineering graduates. To meet this objective, we compare developments in the quality of undergraduate engineering programs across elite and non-elite higher education tiers within and across each BRIC country. To assess and compare the quality of engineering education across the BRIC countries, we use multiple sources of primary and secondary data gathered from each BRIC country from 2008 to 2011. In combination with this, we utilize a production function approach that focuses on key input-, process- and outcome-based indicators associated with the quality of education programs. Our analysis suggests that in all four countries, a minority of engineering students receives high quality training in elite institutions while the majority of students receive low quality training in non-elite institutions. Our analysis also shows how the BRIC countries vary in their capacity to improve the quality of engineering education.

Industrial Upgrading in Mixed Market Economies: The Spanish Case

This paper discusses convergence through the concept of industrial upgrading and its application to the Spanish case. The paper explains the recent rise of Spain’s firms in high value-added service sectors and the fall in capital and skill-intensive manufacturing through the characterisation of Spain’s institutional structure. I argue that Spain’s institutional system is defined by peer coordination (PC), a non-hierarchical form of strategic coordination based on the presence of public-private interdependencies and direct state-business interactions. Under PC, Spanish firms in complex services sectors enabled the state to achieve developmental goals in exchange for sector-specific advantages that facilitated upgrading. The absence of effective intermediary agents hindered the development of PC in manufacturing sectors dominated by small firms. Furthermore, PC limited their access to the patient capital and stable demand necessary to develop new, complex products. The central state and some regional governments were able to circumvent these limitations only in exceptional cases.

Analytics Service Assessment and Comparison Using Information Service Quality Evaluation Model

Various information services are now becoming customizable in order to satisfy user’s information needs on the Web or in a mobile environment. Therefore, we now need a new approach for evaluating the information service quality from the user’s perspective. This paper proposes a new evaluation model for assessing information service quality of high value-added services such as business or technology intelligence services. It compares two analytics services, Google Analytics and InSciTe Adaptive, using the proposed evaluation model. The proposed information service quality model contains two evaluation factors based on usefulness and reliability as well as 22 detailed evaluation criteria. The result of the service quality evaluation shows that the evaluation model is useful for accessing the information service quality of various analytics services and for finding the main characteristics between different types of services in the practical domains of business and research.

Context-aware tour planning system based on satisfaction model

With the development of communication and ubiquitous computing technologies, context-aware services, which acquire contextual information of users and environment, have become critical applications providing customization in mobile commerce. Meanwhile, tourism has attracted increasing attention as a high value-added service and a hot academic topic. However, the research on how to provide tour services based on context-aware services is in fact still at an early stage, limited to concept elaboration, service framework discussion, prototype system development etc. In this paper, we summarized the previous researches on context-aware services to establish the research foundation, put forward a way of analyzing a tour planning problem with a modified model of Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), and we applied an innovated Resource Constrain Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) mathematical model to solve the tour planning problem based on context information. The simulation under branch and bound algorithm evaluated the validity of our solution.

Gauging the impact of global trade on China's local environmental burden

The explosive expansion in China's exports has brought about many local (domestic) environmental problems. Understanding the magnitude and structure of the pollution emissions embodied in these exports is crucial for developing policies not only for local environmental stewardship and cleaner production, but also for international trade. We introduce a stochastic modification of the customary (economic) input–output model in order to reconstruct information typically absent from a traditional national input–output table but vital for understanding where export-embodied pollution emissions are generated in an open economy. Specifically, our modification enables a better means of “subtracting out” the pollutant emissions that might have been associated with imported intermediate inputs (before their arrival in China). We find, nevertheless, that large proportions of emissions of heavy metals (Cr6+ and Pb) contained in wastewater can be attributed to exports. In 2007, these figures reached more than 40% of their respective total emissions. Total quantities of export-embodied wastewater, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and solid waste have increased dramatically from 1997 to 2007. The relative rates of growth in the percentages of export-embodied pollutants in total industrial emissions, however, were lower than the relative rate of growth in the percentage of exports in China's total GDP over this same decade. Three clusters of sectors play dominant roles in driving China's export embodied emissions: textiles, leather and clothing apparel; electrical and electronic equipment; and the chemical industry. We suggest that promoting the transition in the distribution of export products toward high value-added and low embodied-emission products and services (themselves enhanced by cleaner production methods) should be regarded as a long-term goal of China's trade policy.

Location of Services in Mediterranean Countries and NMS

Based on New Economic Geography theory, this paper aims at highlighting location of services industries in Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC) at comparing it with the location of these services in the EU15 and NMS and at assessing whether or not agglomeration economies were its cause. Therefore, we rely on Gini coefficient to measure the degree of concentration and analyse the actual and potential effect of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership. Services appear more evenly distributed inside trade areas (EU15, NMS and MPC) than within the Euro-Mediterranean zone: convergence is much slower there. Concentration is time-decreasing when the EU is included. Financial intermediation and business services are the most agglomerated activities. Location of services diverges between the EU and NEPC (Neighbourhood European Policy Countries). Labour-intensive business services predominate within the NEPC, whereas high value-added services are still poorly implemented there. The MPC have not yet begun to catch up with the EU15 or with the NMS. Insofar as key enabling services develop by waves, some southern Mediterranean countries may lag behind others. The EC should carefully seek to avoid such increases in inequalities within the MPC.

Intelligent Accountability: Re-Thinking the Concept of “Accountability” in the Popular Discourse of Education Policy

I believe that the quality of our education system says as much about the long-term health of our economy as the stock market, the unemployment rate and the size of the gross domestic product. That's because the quality of our work force and the intellectual breadth and depth of future leaders is directly related to the quality of education we provide today. So I begin ... by recognizing America's common agenda to promote economic security through education. (U.S. Secretary of Arne Duncan) In prepared remarks before the United States Chamber of Commerce's Education and Workforce Summit in November of 2009, U.S. Secretary Arne Duncan expressed a sentiment now dominant in the popular discourse of education reform in the United States linking the economic fortunes of the U.S.A. in the global economy to the human capital produced by its education sector. (1) This perspective envisions economic success as emerging from an educational system that produces new generations of technological and scientific innovators and high-skill workers to drive an economic sector geared toward providing high value-added goods and services on a global marketplace. (2) For K-12 schooling, the challenge would appear to be to produce students possessing the foundational knowledge and skills of literacy, mathematics, and critical thinking required for university and technical training. To that end, Duncan offers straightforward proposals for educational reform that require states to set rigorous, easily-measured academic standards, create assessments linked to those standards, use data generated by those assessments to raise academic achievement, and, finally, to hold educational stakeholders [administrators, teachers, and students] accountable for failure. Most commonly subsumed under the conceptual rubric of 'accountability,' this model of education reform has become the default policy position of both political parties in the U.S. and has become the commonsensical position in popular debates over education reform. It is a policy position built on the assumption that it is possible to dramatically raise academic achievement in public education by re-organizing its incentive structures. However, critics of these reform policies charge that placing an undue emphasis on easily defined academic standards tied to standardized assessments and accountability regimes will lead to a narrowing of school curriculum to the easily assessed, the regimentation of schooling, the re-enforcement of teacher-centric pedagogies that provide little opportunity for student discovery and critical thinking, and an over-reliance on rote learning. It is from this indeterminate situation in debates over education policy that this inquiry finds its impetus. The task of this article is to unpack the concept of accountability in order to clarify and critique the logic of this educational and political concept. To accomplish this task, I will employ a synthetic method of analysis that will, first, situate accountability within the larger framework of standards-based education reforms of which it is an integral element. From there, the second step is to examine the research literature in order to interrogate standards-based policy reforms at each point in its logical chain so as to unpack the unquestioned assumptions and problematics inherent to the concept of accountability that are often obscured by contemporary educational discourse. The results of this study suggest that critics of accountability policies are well justified in their concerns. A Synthetic Method of Inquiry The methodology for this inquiry is grounded in an ontological observation into the internal contradictions between the conceptual norms with which modern societies take their general orientations and the concrete realities generated by those conceptual understandings. This methodology is itself rooted in a long tradition of praxis philosophy tracing its lineage to the works of Hegel. …

Lifelong Learning Challenges and Opportunities for Traditional Universities

Abstract The development of the informational society and the widespread diffusion of information technology give rise to new opportunities for learning and they challenge established views and practices regarding how teaching and learning should be organized and carried out. At the same time, globalization and the emergence of new players in the world economy have intensified competition, many countries turning production towards high value-added and knowledge-intensive products and services which request high-level skills labor force. Lifelong learning concept offers the prospect of a radical new approach especially for the higher educational process focused on the opening up traditional universities for those who want to learn lifelong. In the same time, educational institutions, universities most of all, are facing a number of challenges: globalization, aging society; growing competition between higher educational institutions both national and international, and rapid technological development. To answer successfully to all these challenges, in the opinion of most of the specialists, traditional universities must transform themselves by adopting a lifelong learning system. This system will transform how universities currently teach. To achieve this transformation, universities will have to introduce strategies and policies which implement flexible academic frameworks, innovative pedagogical approaches, new forms of assessments and institutional collaboration.

New Business Models and Configuration Approaches for Focused-Flexibility Manufacturing Systems

In the current competitive scenario, industrial companies experience frequent unexpected changes in production demand. To cope with them, they often opt for investments in manufacturing technologies which embed extra-flexibility that is rarely utilized and that, consequently, penalizes financial and operational performance. In this paper, new business models for focused-flexibility manufacturing systems are proposed to improve manufacturing performances in turbulent environments and to increase machine builders competitiveness though the offering of high value-added services. These innovative business models should be enabled by the adoption of new integrated methods for the joint production system-business model configuration. Starting from the available state of the art on production systems configuration, the paper illustrates research activities in progress to finalize the development of such methodological enablers for new flexibility-oriented business models.

Unlocking Productive Entrepreneurship in Africa's Least Developed Countries*

Abstract: In Africa's least developed countries (LDCs), escape from poverty and convergence to living standards of more advanced economies depends critically on structural transformation and the emergence of productive entrepreneurship that would accelerate growth and job creation. So far, however, subsistence agriculture has been the main source of employment in these countries, while a dynamic private sector in industry or high value-added services has remained elusive. Utilizing the flow approach to labor markets, this paper complements the empirical literature and numerous surveys on small and medium enterprise (SME) constraints and develops a theoretical framework that examines the main obstacles to entrepreneurship in Africa's LDCs. The paper posits that given the persistent frictions in product and labor markets as well as skill shortages that characterize these economies, development of productive entrepreneurship cannot be left to markets alone. The policy analysis suggests that the state has an important role to play. Well-targeted government interventions including training of potential entrepreneurs and workers can help to establish more modern and highly productive SME clusters that Africa's LDCs need.

Unlocking Productive Entrepreneurship in Africa’s Least Developed Countries

In Africa’s least developed countries (LDCs), escape from poverty and convergence to living standards of more advanced economies depends critically on structural transformation and the emergence of productive entrepreneurship that would accelerate growth and job creation. So far, however, subsistence agriculture has been the main source of employment in these countries, while a dynamic private sector in industry or high value-added services has remained elusive.Utilizing the flow approach to labor markets, this paper complements the empirical literature and numerous surveys on small and medium enterprise (SME) constraints and develops a theoretical framework that examines the main obstacles to entrepreneurship in Africa’s LDCs. The paper posits that given the persistent frictions in product and labor markets as well as skill shortages that characterize these economies, development of productive entrepreneurship cannot be left to markets alone. The policy analysis suggests that the state has an important role to play. Well-targeted government interventions including training of potential entrepreneurs and workers can help establish more modern and highly productive SME clusters that Africa’s LDCs need.

Sonoco meets economic challenges by delivering enhanced value for its customers through strong partnerships

AbstractAs consumers responded to the global recession by shifting buying patterns toward lower‐price brands, this packaging products giant set out a new strategy of close collaboration with key consumer product manufacturers and retailers to add value through packaging innovations, process improvements, better communication, and higher value‐added services. The results: improved cash flow, lower inventory levels, new organizational capabilities, strengthened relationships, and competitive advantage for supplier and customer alike.The author describes this new strategy along with several examples of Sonoco's supplier‐customer collaboration in action, including the development of a new award‐winning packaging product; creation of a new process for improved information exchange to reduce forecasting errors; implementation of joint production planning and vendor inventory management programs; and new services to help customers reduce their waste and environmental impact and improve productivity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

아카이빙 데이터의 활용성 증진을 위한 전략연구: 국내외 학술논문을 중심으로

ABSTRACT Since core scholarly journals have been digitalized, demands on the perpetual access and long-term preservation of subscribed digital information resour ces by libraries are increasing. Various institutions and organizations have performed the prese rvation activities of digital scholarly resources for the purpose of responding those demands . This paper illustrates the National Digital Archive(NDA) system proposed and developed by KISTI and discusses on the NDA strategies which aim to improve the usability of archiv ed journal articles. In addition, NDA strategies of KISTI have been compared with those of intern ational researches and the economic validity of NDA has been verified by analyzing NPV , BCR and IRR. Legal system for improving the application of the archived data should be st udied next and high value-added data services have been suggested as our future studies in the final section.키워드: 항구 접근, 장기 보존, 국가 디지털 아카이브 , 학술논문정보, 보존 전략perpetual access, long-term preservation, national digital arch ive(NDA), journal articles, preservation strategy

A Review – International Financial Services: Location Preferences and Economies

International Financial Services: Location Preferences and Economies Advanced and rapidly developing countries vie to bring International Financial Services (IFS) industries to some of their major cities or to keep them there. The ICT revolution has made those IFS that can be commoditized footloose in search of cost efficiency. High value-added financial services, however, continue to be produced in a few major IFS centers that have capitalized on regional or global advantages for themselves and their clients. The resulting pattern of functional fragmentation and geographic dispersal could facilitate analyzing the competitiveness of different lines of the financial services business in a particular location. Yet the conclusiveness of methods applied to do so in the past recently has been questioned. In addition, internationally active banks' growing emphasis on intermediating between financial institutions rather than clients from the nonfinancial sector, plus the leveraging of their balance sheets through carry trades and securitization, have posed new challenges for the evaluation of their comparative efficiency across activities and over time. Hence stock-taking appears called for. (JEL E44, F30, G20) Internationale Finanzdienstleistungen: Standortvorteile und Einsparungen Fortgeschrittene und sich rasch entwickelnde Länder scheuen keine Mühen, um die internationale Finanzdienstleistungsbranche in ihren bedeutenden Städten anzusiedeln und dauerhaft zu halten. Die Revolution in der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie ermöglicht für standardisierbare Finanzdienstleistungen größere Freiheiten bei der Suche nach kosteneffizienten Lösungen. Andererseits werden Finanzdienstleistungen mit einer hohen Wertschöpfung weiterhin in wenigen bedeutenden Finanzdienstleistungszentren erstellt, die ihre Kapitalisierung durch regionale oder globale Vorteile für sich und ihre Kunden erreichen. Das sich hieraus ergebende Schema der funktionalen Fragmentierung und der geografischen Streuung könnte eine Analyse der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der verschiedenen Geschäftszweige des Finanzdienstleistungssektors erleichtern. Die Schlüssigkeit der in der Vergangenheit hierzu angewandten Methoden ist jedoch kürzlich in Zweifel gezogen worden. Hinzu kommt, dass international tätige Banken zunehmend den Schwerpunkt ihrer Tätigkeit auf Vermittlungsleistungen für Finanzinstitutionen untereinander setzen, anstelle für Kunden außerhalb des Finanzsektors. Zusammen mit der durch Carry Trades und die Verbriefung von Forderungen erzielte Hebelwirkung in den Bilanzen führt dies zu neuen Herausforderungen bei der Bewertung der komparativen Effizienz in Bezug auf sämtliche Geschäftsaktivitäten im Zeitablauf. Eine Bestandsaufnahme scheint somit geboten.

A INFLUÊNCIA DO CONTEXTO DE CONSUMO SOBRE A QUALIDADE PERCEBIDA DE ALIMENTOS CONSUMIDOS FORA DE CASA

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the consumption environment influences the perception of quality of the food by the consumer. Edwards et al. (2000) previous study was used as a basis for this research, which showed that the environment produces influence on the perception of quality of the food. Through an experimental method, were served the same meal in three distinct environments, for the same group of individuals. The environments were classified as low, medium and high value-added service, according to the level of services offered. The sample was composed of 50 mid-level workers belonging to a company's commercial, at a brazilian middle-west capital. To assess the results were used techniques such as discriminant analysis and analysis of variance.The results showed that individuals can differentiate the environments just in same ways, because they feel the conventional environment (average sophistication) as being the best.

Assessing the Competitiveness of International Financial Services in Particular Locations: A Survey of Methods and Perspectives

The International Financial Services (IFS) industry is restructuring internally and by location. This paper outlines the economic forces and analytical methods that may be applied to examine the economic drivers of these processes as ever more cities, particularly in East Asia, are vying to attract IFS providers and their clients. The ICT revolution has made those IFS that can be commoditized footloose in search of cost efficiency. High value-added financial services, however, will continue to be developed and coordinated in a few major IFS centers that have invested in, or capitalized on, regional or global advantages for themselves and their clients. The resulting pattern of functional fragmentation and geographic dispersal may facilitate analyses of the competitiveness of different lines of the financial services business in a particular location by methods such as Data Envelopment and Stochastic Frontier Analysis. These forms of comparative efficiency analysis have recently been questioned and their results reinterpreted.

Assessing the Competitiveness of International Financial Services in Particular Locations: A Survey of Methods and Perspectives

The International Financial Services (IFS) industry is restructuring internally and by location. This paper outlines the economic forces and analytical methods that may be applied to examine the economic drivers of these processes as ever more cities, particularly in East Asia, are vying to attract IFS providers and their clients. The ICT revolution has made those IFS that can be commoditized footloose in search of cost efficiency. High value-added financial services, however, will continue to be developed and coordinated in a few major IFS centers that have invested in, or capitalized on, regional or global advantages for themselves and their clients. The resulting pattern of functional fragmentation and geographic dispersal may facilitate analyses of the competitiveness of different lines of the financial services business in a particular location by methods such as Data Envelopment and Stochastic Frontier Analysis. These forms of comparative efficiency analysis have recently been questioned and their results reinterpreted.

Aspects, Models and Measures for Assessing the Competitiveness of International Financial Services in a Particular Location

The International Financial Services (IFS) industry is restructuring internally and by location. This paper outlines the economic forces and analytical methods that may be applied to examine the economic drivers of these processes as ever more countries and cities are vying for attracting IFS providers and their clients. The ICT revolution has made those IFS that can be commoditized footloose in search of cost efficiency. High value-added services, however, will continue to be developed and co-ordinated in a few major IFS centers that have invested in, or capitalized on, regional or global advantages for themselves and their clients. This fragmentation and geographic dispersion of the industry by service function and sophistication may facilitate analyses of the comparative economic efficiency of particular financial services by methods such as stochastic frontier analysis.

Grey relation performance correlations among economics, energy use and carbon dioxide emission in Taiwan

This study explores the inter-relationships among economy, energy and CO 2 emissions of 37 industrial sectors in Taiwan in order to provide insight regarding sustainable development policy making. Grey relation analysis was used to analyse the productivity, aggregate energy consumption, and the use of fuel mix (electricity, coal, oil and gas) in relation to CO 2 emission changes. An innovative evaluative index system was devised to explore grey relation grades among economics, energy and environmental quality. Results indicate that a rapid increase in electricity generation during the past 10 years is the main reason for CO 2 emission increase in Taiwan. The largest CO 2 emitting sectors include iron and steel, transportation, petrochemical materials, commerce and other services. Therefore, it is important to reduce the energy intensity of these sectors by energy conservation, efficiency improvement and adjustment of industrial structure towards high value-added products and services. Economic growth for all industries has a more significant influence, than does total energy consumption, on CO 2 emission increase in Taiwan. It is also important to decouple the energy consumption and production to reduce the impacts of CO 2 on economic growth. Furthermore, most of the sectors examined had increased CO 2 emissions, except for machinery and road transportation. For high energy intensive and CO 2 intensive industries, governmental policies for CO 2 mitigation should be directed towards low carbon fuels as well as towards enhancement of the demand side management mechanism, without loss of the nation's competitiveness.