High Trust Research Articles

Whom to trust and when? Party message perception in multiparty systems

Voters follow their in-group party no matter what they are talking about. But what if reality is more nuanced? In this study, I ask how the perception of party signals works in multiparty systems and whether voters’ trust in the communication medium matters. Thus, I combine party perception research with literature on the influence of trust in different channels to analyse the effects on agreement with a statement and its credibility. Using a survey experiment in Germany, I examine the extent to which the perception of party statements changes when the respective party label and the communication medium change. I find that higher trust in the medium has a positive effect on the perception of the credibility of a party message. Furthermore, a dichotomous in-group vs. out-group divide does not reflect the complexity of a multiparty system. The results have implications for the effects of party communication and voter polarization.

Determinants of trust in times of crises: A cross-sectional study of 3,065 German-speaking adults from the D-A-CH region.

Interpersonal trust declined worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic; strategies are needed to restore it. We surveyed 3,065 quota-sampled German-speaking adults residing in the D-A-CH region. Using multinomial logistic regression models and backward elimination for variable selection, we calculated multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to appraise correlates of interpersonal trust using the Interpersonal Trust Short Scale (KUSIV3). Participants with high levels of interpersonal trust (top KUSIV3 tertile (T3)) tended to be older, male, residents of Switzerland, university degree holders, and workers with higher income and work satisfaction (all Pdiff<0.01) compared to those in the lowest KUSIV3 tertile (T1). Optimism was most strongly associated with high interpersonal trust (ORT3vsT1 = 5.75, 95%CI = 4.33-7.64). Also significantly associated with high interpersonal trust were: Having voted in the last national election (for the opposition, OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.02-1.89 or the governing party, OR = 1.61, 95%CI = 1.23-2.11) versus non-voters; perspective taking (ORT3vsT1 = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.11-1.91); being more extraverted (ORT3vsT1 = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.53-2.59) and more agreeable (ORT3vsT1 = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.46-2.61); and scoring higher on complexity thinking (ORT3vsT1 = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.01-1.72). Participants scoring significantly lower for interpersonal trust did not regularly participate in religious meetings (OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.44-0.84, versus participation at least monthly); were more conscientious (ORT3vsT1 = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.51-0.91) or current smokers (OR = 0.68; 95%CI = 0.53-0.87, versus never smoking); had sleep problems >5 times a week (OR = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.36-0.66, versus none); and scored high on conspiracy belief (ORT3vsT1 = 0.53; 95%CI = 0.41-0.69). Results differed minimally by gender and country. These findings may be helpful in devising targeted strategies to strengthen interpersonal trust and social engagement in European societies, especially during times of crises.

What makes people trust or distrust politicians? Insights from open-ended survey questions

High political trust is often interpreted as a sign of good democratic health, and widespread distrust as a sign of democratic ill health. However, there is little knowledge about the basis on which people make assessments about whether to trust or distrust political actors. This article develops and applies a typology for political trust judgement. Through a content analysis of 1,105 open-ended survey questions about political trust and distrust, the study finds that people tend to assess (dis)trust of politicians based on whether they see the politicians as predictable, intrinsically committed, competent and responsive. Moreover, the study finds that citizens use different judgement bases to describe trust and distrust, suggesting that the two concepts are not pure negations of each other. While predictability is the most frequently reported basis for trusting politicians, a lack of intrinsic commitment is the most frequently reported basis for distrusting politicians. This article discusses the reasons for and implications of the apparently different bases for weighing judgements on trust and distrust.

The influence of social capital in the utilisation of sexual reproductive health services among the youth in Ghana. A community-based cross-sectional study.

Social capital, often seen as the resources accessed through social connections, is currently gaining much attention in public health. However, limited studies have focused on the relationship between social capital and reproductive health services. Besides, while the factors associated with the use of reproductive health services among the youth are well documented in the literature, most studies have focused on narrowed perspective failing to take cognisance of the role of social capital. Yet, it is known that these behaviours can be influenced by social factors, which may be beyond the individual's control partly because the youth are embedded in social organisations. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between social capital and the youth's utilisation of reproductive health services.The study population comprised adolescents and young adults aged 15-24 years who were both in and out of school at the time of the survey. The study used a cross-sectional quantitative design involving a community-based household survey method to sample 792 respondents through multi-stage cluster sampling. The chi-square test examined the relationship between sociodemographic, social capital variables and reproductive health services. To account for potential confounding factors, a multivariable logistic regression model included variables from the binary logistic regression analysis with a p-value less than 0.05. In general, access to higher social capital was observed among 493 (62.2%). Almost half, 385 (48.6%) of the respondents have ever used at least one of the reproductive services examined in this study. After controlling all other significant predictors, the following social capital variables remained associated with increased utilisation of SRH services: higher trust in neighbourhood (AOR = 1.8; CI = 1.22-2.66), higher trust in people/institutions (AOR = 2.66; CI = 1.82-3.99), higher social cohesion (AOR = 3.35; CI = 2.21-5.08), stronger network (AOR = 7.55; CI = 4.43-12.87).Access to some social capital dimensions is associated with increased use of reproductive health services. However, any intervention such as mentoring including peer support programs, meant to address social capital needs in sexual and reproductive health should consider the efficacy of each social capital dimension and the intervention's environment.

First impressions of a financial AI assistant: differences between high trust and low trust users.

Calibrating appropriate trust of non-expert users in artificial intelligence (AI) systems is a challenging yet crucial task. To align subjective levels of trust with the objective trustworthiness of a system, users need information about its strengths and weaknesses. The specific explanations that help individuals avoid over- or under-trust may vary depending on their initial perceptions of the system. In an online study, 127 participants watched a video of a financial AI assistant with varying degrees of decision agency. They generated 358 spontaneous text descriptions of the system and completed standard questionnaires from the Trust in Automation and Technology Acceptance literature (including perceived system competence, understandability, human-likeness, uncanniness, intention of developers, intention to use, and trust). Comparisons between a high trust and a low trust user group revealed significant differences in both open-ended and closed-ended answers. While high trust users characterized the AI assistant as more useful, competent, understandable, and humanlike, low trust users highlighted the system's uncanniness and potential dangers. Manipulating the AI assistant's agency had no influence on trust or intention to use. These findings are relevant for effective communication about AI and trust calibration of users who differ in their initial levels of trust.

Trust in science moderates the effects of high/low threat communication on psychological reactance to COVID-19-related public health messages

ABSTRACT Background As illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, communicating evidence-based health recommendations represents a tremendous challenge; among some recipients, public health messages can cause anger and negative cognitions, also known as psychological reactance, and consequently lead to negative attitudes and low intentions to perform the promoted behavior. The present study investigated the role of message characteristics (i.e. high vs. low freedom-threat messages), individuals’ trust in science (i.e. high vs. low trust in science), and their interaction in determining responses to public health messages. Methods We conducted an experimental study, in which participants (N = 228) with high or low trust in science were exposed to high or low freedom-threat messages promoting mask-wearing to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and regular physical activity. Results We found support for the notion that messages imposing high threat to freedom lead to higher state psychological reactance, and more negative attitudes and behavioral intentions. Moreover, our results showed that trust in science has a main and interaction effect (together with message characteristics) on state reactance, behavioral intentions, and – to a lesser degree – attitudes, in the case of COVID-19, but not physical activity messages. The findings remained the same regardless of controlling for other relevant variables. Conclusions While our study has some limitations, such as a rather homogeneous sample, a limited number of experimental stimuli, and a relatively artificial experimental environment, it offers some insight into the important role of health communication recipients’ trust in science and provides advice on how to communicate health recommendations to skeptics.

Bloc Voting for Electoral Accountability

How do citizens hold local politicians accountable? I argue that citizens, especially through neighborhood associations, can use bloc voting as a bottom-up, grassroots strategy to pressure politicians for public services. Politicians monitor polling station voting, and communities switch allegiance if politicians do not deliver. I measure the perceived and actual relationships between community characteristics, bloc voting, and water access—an essential resource prone to political manipulation. I analyze an original household survey and conjoint experiment merged with electoral data in rural Brazil, and qualitative interviews illustrate theoretical mechanisms. Bloc voting is more likely in communities with high trust and participation, and bloc voting improves water access for association members. However, this strategy is only worthwhile for communities that can demonstrate their vote at their polling station. In contrast to top-down explanations of bloc voting, I highlight the interaction of collective action and electoral institutions for accountability and public service provision.

Impact of Institutional Performance and Integrity on Public Trust during COVID-19: A Retrospective Examination in the Arabic Context

This study examines trust in public sector institutions during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the impact factors. A survey was administered to a convenience sample of 1,372 local and expatriate residents in the United Arab Emirates during 2022–2023. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were utilized. There was a high level of general public trust among respondents (mean = 4.11), with the highest trust in the police (mean = 4.21) followed by trust in the information disseminated by the government (mean = 4.06) and in the performance of public sector institutions (mean = 3.89). On the bivariate and multivariate levels, demographic variables had an insignificant impact on public trust. General trust was significantly correlated with institutional performance (β = 0.417), institutional integrity (β = 0.397), perceived gains (β = 0.378), and government-disseminated information (β = 0.374). Public trust is a complex reality linked to numerous organizational and nonorganizational factors. Improving public trust requires enhancing ethical conduct—crucial for maintaining trust—as well as good governance practices and leadership behavior. The sample size and quantitative focus might have limited the generalizability of the findings. In the future, researchers should use in-depth interviews or mixed methodologies.

Delays in the vaccination of infants between 2 and 18 months of age: associated factors in Chile

IntroductionInfant vaccination has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of transmittable diseases worldwide. Its coverage is high (85%); however, partial or suboptimal vaccination has been an important public health problem. This study aimed (1) to design and explore the psychometric features of a questionnaire to determine the reasons for this partial or suboptimal vaccination; and 2) to determine the factors associated with delaying Diphtheria, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis (DTaP) vaccination.Material and methodsThis study contained two parts. In Part One, a questionnaire was created by the research team and then validated by a committee of experts in the field and a group of parents. It included the following contents: sociodemographic variables, features of the vaccination services, history of vaccination, and attitudes and perceptions about vaccination. Part Two was a cross-sectional study, recruiting private and public healthcare centers to explore the psychometrics features of the instrument, performing exploratory factor analysis, and determining the associated factors with DTaP vaccination delay throughout multivariable regression models.ResultsInitially, six experts validated the questionnaire. For instance, on a scale of 1 to 5, the general evaluation of the questionnaire was ≥ 4 for all the experts. Additionally, five experts considered that most of the questions were easy to understand, and all thought the questionnaire had a clear and logical organization. The resulting questionnaire included the “Trust and positive attitude towards vaccination” scale, which had a good structure of items and internal consistency (α = 0.7918). Six healthcare centers were recruited in the second part of the study, and 715 people answered the questionnaire. Not being the mother who brings the child to the health center, having more than one child, and having a history of previous vaccination delays increased the risk of delaying vaccination. Attending the healthcare center for a reason other than only vaccination, obtaining information about vaccines from the Internet, and having higher trust and positive attitudes to vaccination reduced the risk of delay.ConclusionsFirst study during the pandemic to explore the role of different factors on the risk of DTaP vaccination delay in Latin America. The findings highlighted the importance of trust in the vaccination system. The instrument presented in this article may help the scientific community evaluate future interventions to increase trust and positive attitudes toward the vaccination process.

Parents' Trust in COVID-19 Messengers and Implications for Vaccination.

To characterize factors associated with parents' trust in messengers of COVID-19 guidance and determine whether trust in their doctors is associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Web-based and mailed survey (January-June 2022). Maryland, USA. 567 parents/caregivers of public elementary and middle school students. Parents rated trust in 9 messengers on a 4-point scale ["not at all" (0) to "a great deal" (3)], dichotomized into low (0-1) vs high (2-3). They reported on health insurance, income, race, ethnicity, education, sex, urbanicity, political affiliation, and COVID-19 vaccination. ANOVA and t-tests were computed to compare overall trust by parent characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression was run to evaluate factors associated with high trust for each messenger. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between trust in doctors and odds of COVID-19 vaccination. Most trusted messengers were doctors (M = 2.65), family members (M = 1.87), and schools (M = 1.81). Parents' trust varied by racial identity, sex, urbanicity, health insurance, and political affiliation. Greater trust in their or their child's doctor was associated with greater odds of child (aOR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.10, 7.98) and parent (aOR: 3.30; 95% CI: 1.23, 1.47) vaccination. Parent characteristics were associated with trust, and trust was linked to vaccination. Public health professionals should anticipate variability in trusted messengers to optimize uptake of public health guidance.

Sisterhood in academia: building a flock culture to cope and thrive

PurposeThis paper examines the experiences of a team of female academics (teaching a large cohort of undergraduate students) and the coping mechanisms used to combat the challenges they confront in the Australian higher education sector.Design/methodology/approachUsing a reflective autoethnographic method and strengths perspective, the authors share experiences as female professionals whose intersectional identities presented challenges that extend beyond those typically found in the current higher education setting.FindingsThe individualized nature of academic work exacerbates the systemic marginalization of female academics. Adopting a flock culture serves as a support network for addressing the various intersectional challenges. The authors liken the “flock cultural approach” to a “sisterhood” where individuals impacted by intersectional challenges build a strong and cohesive unit to support each other by utilizing their combined strengths to create positive synergy to cope with ongoing workplace challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThe study highlights the benefit of the strengths perspective to understand how female academics with intersectional identities can overcome the challenges of their highly individualized profession.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights the importance of building team-based work, cultivating collective achievement and high trust in a highly individualistic profession.Social implicationsUsing the strength perspective, the authors disrupt the conventional and currently narrow usage of sisterhood to help develop strong, adaptive, flexible and responsive bonds among diverse female academics. The findings point to how using a “flock culture” – a membership-based philosophy – became the key support mechanism for the marginalized groups, empowering them to confront the systemic barriers within their profession.Originality/valueFirst, the findings of this study are shaped by the intersections of factors such as ethnicity, age, race, religion and mode of employment, which all influences the participants’ lived experiences. Second, this study contributes to the transnational feminist movement by unveiling the contextualized barriers that junior academic females from various migrant backgrounds face and identify how they synergized their collective strengths to survive the challenging academic environment. Third, using the strength perspective, the authors disrupt the conventional and currently narrow usage of sisterhood to help develop strong, adaptive, flexible and responsive bonds among diverse female academics.

Followers of the pied piper of pensioners

AbstractUsing survey and administrative data, we study followers of H&amp;L, a massively popular Chilean pension advisor, establishing that financial literacy is not a panacea for poor retirement decision‐making. We detail the dynamics of who followed H&amp;L and why. H&amp;L differentially drew financially sophisticated investors, and exposure to H&amp;L causally increased financial sophistication. Nonetheless, followers earned mean annual returns below all buy‐and‐hold strategies and were aware of this underperformance. Moreover, performance did not materially affect renewal rates. Most followers renew, citing high returns, loss minimization and trust as reasons for following. We show followers gained information about financial matters that had clear, tangible value, and they acted on this information. We posit that followers attributed this to H&amp;L's skill, thus continuing to follow despite the underperformance.

Comparative analysis of health authorities’ spokespersons and health influencers during the COVID-19 pandemic

The primary purpose of this research is to compare government and non-government spokespersons by examining their roles in educating about COVID-19 vaccines and health services. This study employed comparative factor analysis and non-participatory observation toward the media activity of spokespersons in Indonesia. Using a questionnaire, this study examined the dimensions of public campaigns, risk communication, health and emergency, leadership and communication from Indonesian spokespersons. The data collection was conducted in two stages: a pilot study involving 102 respondents and the actual study involving 276 respondents. This study found that the highest perceived benefits and behavioral change come from the non-government spokesperson, of which 26.45% and 18.48% of respondents strongly agree, while the lowest is from a government spokesperson with no medical background. This study also found from five-health spokespersons, the best two are occupied by non-government with medical backgrounds, with 31.52% and 29.35% of respondents strongly agree. However, most respondents had high trust in the governments, with 14.49% strongly agreeing. Compared to those from the governmental sector, spokespersons from the non-governmental sector are perceived to induce higher perceived benefits in delivering the message. However, this does not mean there is no utility in using governmental sector spokespersons, as they are also shown to induce high levels of trust. Overall, governmental and non-governmental spokespersons show utility in different communication aspects, highlighting the need for targeted communication strategies. To conclude, these findings demonstrate that government spokespersons for the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia receive the same high level of trust as non-government spokespersons regarding communicating health hazards. The public looks forward to the regularity and routine of the leaders who serve as spokespersons in hopes of easing concerns and tension brought on by the ongoing appearance of the Omicron variation in Indonesia.

Trust in management and state government mitigate the relationships between individual- and state-level stressors and well-being during COVID-19

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of trust in management and state government in mitigating the relationships between individual- and state-level stressors and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a US sample still working during the first wave of infections (N = 437) and was supplemented with objective state-level data. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression modeling with the PROC MIXED procedure with SAS software to incorporate both individual- and state-level variables.FindingsResults indicated that individual-level stressors (work and family role overload) were positively associated with stress; however, the relationship between family role overload and stress was mitigated among those with high trust in state government. Results indicated that state-level stressors (infection rates and population density) were not associated with stress; however, the relationship between state population density and stress was positive among those with low trust in management and negative among those with high trust in management.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the need for organization and government leaders to build trust before and during crisis situations, as well as engage in a collaborative approach to managing stressors in crisis situations.Originality/valueThis study highlights the importance of expanding the focus of employee trust across organizational boundaries for understanding employee well-being during a crisis situation. This study also demonstrates the cross-over effects of trust, such that organization leaders can protect workers from community stressors, while government leaders can protect workers from family stressors.

Acceptance of animal-free cheese products: Evidence from an information experiment in Germany

Addressing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are critical global challenges. As a substantial contributor to emissions, animal-based products are under increasing scrutiny. Animal-free dairy products provide a potential. Although understanding consumer acceptance of these products is crucial, the literature on this topic is scant. This study investigates the perception and acceptance of animal-free dairy among German consumers (N = 1,487) using an online survey with five information treatments (general and topic-specific information about animal-free cheese, gene-modified organisms, animal welfare, environmental concerns, and farmer existence). The acceptance of animal-free dairy was measured by the respondents' willingness to try, substitute, buy, and regularly buy animal-free cheese. Acceptance was found to be comparatively lower than in past studies, although still prevalent among 45.65 % of consumers. Notably, there were significant variances in consumers' perspectives toward animal-free cheese, causing an irregular distribution in their willingness statements. Multi-group analysis using partial least squares structural equation modeling showed that consumer acceptance did not significantly differ between treatment groups. However, individual analysis revealed that the willingness to buy animal-free cheese was positively influenced by perceived benefits and perceived sustainability. Conversely, perceived risks decreased this willingness. Positive attitudes toward farming and knowledge about farming increased perceived risks, while high social trust lowered them. Attitudes toward animal welfare and social trust positively influenced perceived benefits. These findings can be applied to inform and facilitate market introduction strategies of animal-free dairy products for producers and policy makers, providing insights into consumer acceptance of these products in Germany.

Pengaruh Brand Image terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Restoran Bakmie Kalimantan Hin Lie

Most of the consumers who come to the Bakmie Kalimantan Hin Lie Restaurant are consumers who have high trust and a positive view of the brand image in the restaurant. In addition, the Bakmie Kalimantan Hin Lie Restaurant has unique characteristics and advantages which most restaurants do not have. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Brand Image in three dimensions, namely the dimensions of Strength, Uniqueness and Favorable on purchasing decisions at Bakmie Kalimantan Hin Lie Restaurant. This study used quantitative methods and data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaires and interviews. Then, the researcher used the Nonprobability Sampling technique with the Purposive Sampling method to determine a research sample. Then the researchers used the Pearson Product Moment formula to measure the validity test and used the Alpha Cronbach technique to measure the reliability test. The analytical method used in this study is a simple linear regression analysis method using the SPSS Version 25 application.Based on the results of data analysis carried out, it is simultaneously proven that there is a positive and significant influence on consumer purchasing decisions at the Bakmie Kalimantan Hin Lie Restaurant, this can be seen from the Strenghtness dimension, the value of tcount on the Strenghtness dimension is 2.302 and the sig value obtained is 0.023, then for the Uniqueness dimension, the tcount value for the Uniqueness dimension is 1,110 and the sig value is 0.270 and the last for the Favorable dimension, the tcount value for the Favorable dimension is 0.390 and the sig value is 0.697. then with the value of Fcount on the Brand Image variable of 5.939 and the sig value of 0.017.&#x0D; Keywords: Brand Image, Purchase Decision, Restaurant

Bimodal Trust: High and Low Trust in Vehicle Automation Influence Response to Automation Errors

Extended exposure to reliable automation may lead to overreliance as evidenced by poor responses to auto-mation errors. Individual differences in trust may also influence responses. We investigated how these factors affect response to automation errors in a driving simulator study comprised of stop-controlled and uncon-trolled intersections. Drivers experienced reliable vehicle automation during six drives where they indicated if they felt the automation was going too slow or too fast by pressing the accelerator or brake pedal. Engage-ment via pedal presses did not affect the automation but offered an objective measure of trust in automation. In the final drive, an error occurred where the vehicle failed to stop at a stop-controlled intersection. Drivers’ response to the error was inferred from brake presses. Mixture models showed bimodal response times and revealed that drivers with high trust were less likely to respond to automation errors than drivers with low trust.

The Dynamics of Trust: Path Dependence in Interpersonal Trust

Interpersonal trust is a critical factor in the success and effectiveness of organizations, influencing information sharing, decision-making, task distribution, and overall team performance. However, trust levels within organizations often exhibit a bimodal distribution, with some relationships characterized by high trust and others by low trust. This study seeks to understand the factors and dynamics contributing to this bimodal distribution and explore how leaders can positively influence the development of trust in their organizations. Using an abductive approach to theory development, we map artifacts from the interpersonal trust literature using DSRP to identify essential components for constructing a system dynamics model. Our analysis of the resultant model explores the dynamics of various interpersonal scenarios commonly encountered within professional organizations. We find that the initial assessment of trustworthiness plays an important role in the development of interpersonal trust and provides a leverage point for the resulting dynamics. The objective of this study is to provide leaders with a deeper understanding of interpersonal trust development, equipping them with the knowledge to effectively foster trust and positively impact their organizations.

In the COVID-19 pandemic, who did we trust? An eight-country cross-sectional study.

Trust is a key determinant of health, but has been undermined by the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated infodemic. Using data from eight countries, we aimed to epidemiologically describe levels of trust in health, governments, news media organisations, and experts, and measure the impact of political orientation and COVID-19 information sources on participant's levels of trust. We simultaneously conducted a stratified randomised online cross-sectional study across eight countries on adults aged ≥18 years between 6 and 18 November 2020. We employed crude and adjusted weighted regression analyses. We included 9027 adults with a mean age of 47 years (range = 18-99), of whom 4667 (51.7%) were female. Trust in health experts ranked highest across all countries (mean (x̄) = 7.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.79-7.88), while trust in politicians ranked lowest (x̄ = 5.34; 95% CI = 5.28, 5.40). In adjusted analyses, political orientation and utilised information sources were significantly associated with trust. Individuals using higher levels of health information sources trusted health authorities more than those using lower levels (mean difference = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.14). Similarly, individuals using higher levels of government information sources (mean difference = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.43, 1.64) and those using higher levels of new media information sources (mean difference = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.06, 1.28) had highest trust in governments/politicians and news media, respectively. However, there was little difference in trust in health, government, or news media between individuals using higher or lower levels of social media information sources. Trust is a key determinant of health, but has been politically fragile during this infodemic. High compliance with public health measures is key to combatting infectious diseases. In terms of people's trust, our findings suggest that politicians and governments worldwide should coordinate their response with health experts and authorities to maximise the success of public health measures.

Interpersonal and Human-Automation Trust in an Underwater Mine Detection Task

In target detection tasks false alarms (i.e., indicating a target is present when it is absent) decrease trust more than misses. Furthermore, human advisors providing advice at the same time as automation, may impact how users trust and subsequently rely on automated aids. This study aimed to understand whether the false alarm rate (FAR) of an automated target recognition aid impacts trust in the automated aid, trust in a human teammate, or operator self-confidence in a dual-advisor target detection task. Participants completed a mine detection task while receiving advice from a human and an automated advisor. The FAR of the automation was manipulated between groups and trust in each type of advisor was measured. Automation FAR did not influence trust in the automation. Low FAR automation was associated with higher trust in a human teammate and increasing self-confidence over the course of the experiment.