High Technology Research Articles

Passive millimeter wave imaging low altitude detection technology

Passive millimeter wave imaging refers to the passive detection of naturally occurring background millimeter waves. After receiving external millimeter wave thermal radiation signals, the passive millimeter wave detection system will form images based on temperature differences and detect targets. Passive millimeter wave imaging has the advantages of non-radiation, non-contact, perspective imaging, good concealment, small size, and low power consumption. It is widely used in safety inspections, aircraft landing, low visibility navigation, sea surface detection and other fields. Driven by high and new technology, passive millimeter wave imaging low-altitude detection technology is rapidly developing. This paper introduced the basic principle of passive millimeter wave imaging, including the characteristics of millimeter wave radiation and Black-body radiation law, as well as its comparison with ordinary optical radiation. It also described the basic model of current passive millimeter wave imaging low altitude detection technology, explored the shortcomings of this technology and pointed out further work as well.

Predictive value of Cmmi-MHR combined with thromboelastography parameters in acute cerebral infarction.

Cerebral infarction is a common neurological disease with high rates of morbidity, mortality, and recurrence, posing a great threat to human life and health. Cerebral infarction is the second leading cause of death in the world and the leading cause of long-term disability in humans. The results of the third national retrospective sampling survey on causes of death in 2008 showed that cerebral infarction has become the leading cause of death in China and its mortality rate is 4-5 times that of European and American countries. Therefore, this article proposed a study on the predictive value of Cmmi-MHR combined with thromboelastography parameters that was performed for acute cerebral infarction. This paper mainly proposed a high frame rate imaging technology and analyzed its algorithm. In this article, in the experimental part, an in-depth analysis of the predictive value of the Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) combined with thromboelastography parameters was performed for acute cerebral infarction. The final experimental results showed that HDL (OR = 1.695%, P-trend = 0.049) had a probability of death within 90days of hospitalization (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 1.06-3.11, P-trend = 0.523). There were no significant differences in mortality rate after 90days. Regardless of adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, and NIHSS score, there was no significant difference in the risk of MHR or monocyte count within 90days of hospitalization. The conclusion indicates that the combination of Cmmi-MHR and thromboelastography parameters provides a new perspective and method for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction, and provides important support for personalized treatment and management of cerebral infarction.

Practical lessons from implementing a top-down, drone-based methane emissions quantification technology into global oil and gas operations

Reliable top-down quantification of methane emissions from oil and gas operations is increasingly crucial but challenging. Many new technologies are emerging that aim to offer solutions, but they vary widely in their actual field performance, cost, and breadth of applicability. Operators need to evaluate and test different technologies, which can be time-consuming and complex. Once a technology has been selected for use, then typically field trials follow before wider introduction to the operation. This process takes considerable time and effort, and frequently requires extensive learning by the teams involved. Additionally, interpretation of performance often depends upon measurement use-case (e.g. regulatory, voluntary, or leak detection and repair). This paper will share some of the learnings made by the users and technology provider in the assessment and global introduction of a high sensitivity drone-based methane emissions detection, localisation, and quantification technology. There will be a particular focus on practical, operational considerations for such introductions to help accelerate the ongoing efforts of others interested in implementing emissions quantification technologies. Examples from Australia and further afield (both onshore and offshore) will be used to illustrate key points within the paper which include the value of third-party technology validation, consistency across multiple operations and scalability/availability of services.

Global Experience in the Use of Unmanned Aviation Technologies in Public Administration: a Review

TUnmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), despite their relative novelty, are already an integral component of the general aviation structure, and, based on a number of complex and sophisticated solutions, including those related to artificial intelligence, are part of the spectrum of high technologies. UAS find application not only in the sphere of commerce, but also in the realisation of specific tasks of public administration, such as territory management, healthcare, emergency prevention and elimination, ensuring environmental safety and law and order, nature management. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this publication, is to assess the current state and potential of the use of UAS in these areas based on a review of literature sources on the practice of their application in order to solve the tasks of public administration in different countries of the world. The main conclusion drawn from the analysis and characterising the general scientific novelty of the study is that, despite a significant number of specific examples, the breadth of UAS use range can be characterised as imaginary. The main and the only really significant application is various types of aerial survey in the interests of state control and supervision bodies. In the course of the work, a number of promising directions for the use of UAS have been identified. It is also noted that their wider implementation in the practice of public administration is hindered by the lack and/or imperfection of the relevant legal framework, typical for most legislative systems of the world, and postulates the need to actively address these issues in relation to the classification and certification of UAS, requirements for their operators and software, the procedure and rules of operation, the integration of unmanned aircraft (UAS) into the existing air traffic management system.

Different behavior of two strains of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices on Senecio bonariensis Hook. & Arn. against heavy metal soil pollution: a pilot-scale test

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have different biological mechanisms to alleviate stressful conditions in heavy metals (HMs) polluted soil. These mechanisms were widely assessed under controlled/greenhouse conditions, but scarcely studied at pilot or territory scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of two Rhizophagus intraradices strains isolated from soils with different histories of pollution, in association with Senecio bonariensis plants, growing in an engineering vegetal depuration module filled with artificially HMs polluted substrate. Plants inoculated with GC3 strain uptook low amounts of HMs and translocated them to shoot biomass. Heavy metals (Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu and Ni) and macronutrients (Ca, K, S and P) were accumulated in roots of S. bonariensis when inoculated with GB8 strain, limiting their translocation to the shoot. Uninoculated plants showed high translocation of all studied elements to shoot tissues. Concluding, tested R. intraradices strains have exhibited different phytoprotection mechanisms under extremely toxic concentrations of HMs. Moreover, the development of the assay at such a high Technological Readiness Level represents a novel contribution in this field of study.

Strategic directions of cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Turkey through the prism of ratification of the free trade agreement

Strategic directions of cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Turkey through the prism of ratification of the free trade agreement

Directions of the high-tech sector regionalization in the Republic of Belarus

The article defines the importance of integration associations in the field of high technologies and their advantages for the development of production and the economy as a whole. The most promising countries and regional associations for deepening cooperation between Belarus are analyzed. The results of the study will help identify the most promising partner countries for Belarus in the field of high technologies and develop a strategy for participation in integration associations.

Economic Effectiveness and Forecasting of Scientific Activity in Azerbaijan

In the conditions of increasing international competition, sustainable development of the economy is considered to be one of the priority areas of scientific activities in the country. Since science and high technologies are the fundamental basis of innovative development, the strengthening of scientific, technical, and innovative potential for countries is considered as the goal of economic policy. In this context, the ability to achieve achievements related to scientific activity and to implement the obtained results becomes one of the factors that ensure the competitiveness of both the economy and fields and subjects in the global competitive environment. The effectiveness of scientific activity directly depends on the funding of research and development. The comparison of costs and results is closely related to the consideration of different time intervals between financing and the achievement of commercial results. Therefore, investments related to the commercialization of science appear as investments in the future. Thus, the application of the results of scientific activity to production, being considered an important factor of production intensification, ensures the increase of labor productivity, the reduction of production costs, and the improvement of the efficiency of capital investments. These, in turn, are the main conditions for the effectiveness of the integration of science and production. In the research, the effectiveness of scientific activity, the factors affecting it, the possibilities of expanding the application of scientific activity to production, and the forecast indicators of the volume of scientific and technical works shortly are determined.

Ternary nano-composite wireless ammonia sensor based on Polyaniline/CuTsPc/AgNPs for food intelligent packaging

The integration of gas sensing unit and low-cost wireless communication equipment enables real-time detection of various environmental gases, which is of great significance for food safety, medical diagnosis and environmental monitoring. In this study, copper phthalocyanine powder (CuTsPc) was prepared by high temperature solid phase melting technology. Ternary ammonia sensors with exceptional sensitivity to ammonia and conductivity were successfully fabricated by growing polyaniline/copper phthalocyanine/silver nanoparticles (PANI/CuTsPc/AgNPs) composites on polyethylene terephthalate films by in-situ polymerization. The morphology and composition of the films were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM, respectively. The ammonia sensing performance of the films at room temperature was systematically investigated. It is found that the flexible PANI/CuTsPc/AgNPs gas sensor exhibited rapid response time (61 s), fast recovery time (19 s), low theoretical detection limit (0.234 ppm), high response value (3.6 towards 500 ppm NH3), and excellent stability at room temperature. These remarkable response characteristics can be attributed to the synergistic effect between protonic acid-doped PANI, CuTsPc derivatives with an electron-withdrawing group, and AgNPs possessing both chemical sensitisation and electron sensitisation. Finally, the sensor material was transformed into a label antenna pattern as well as sensor transducer through series and parallel antenna loop access methods to create a wireless sensor system based on near-field communication (NFC). This system can offer real-time sensing and monitoring of changes in food packaging environment by non-contact recognition way, making it highly promising for future applications in intelligent packaging.

Redox-neutral electrochemical decontamination of hypersaline wastewater with high technology readiness level.

Industrial hypersaline wastewaters contain diverse pollutants that harm the environment. Recovering clean water, alkali and acid from these wastewaters can promote circular economy and environmental protection. However, current electrochemical and advanced oxidation processes, which rely on hydroxyl radicals to degrade organic compounds, are inefficient and energy intensive. Here we report a flow-through redox-neutral electrochemical reactor (FRER) that effectively removes organic contaminants from hypersaline wastewaters via the chlorination-dehalogenation-hydroxylation route involving radical-radical cross-coupling. Bench-scale experiments demonstrate that the FRER achieves over 75% removal of total organic carbon across various compounds, and it maintains decontamination performance for over 360 h and continuously treats real hypersaline wastewaters for two months without corrosion. Integrating the FRER with electrodialysis reduces operating costs by 63.3% and CO2 emissions by 82.6% when compared with traditional multi-effect evaporation-crystallization techniques, placing our system at technology readiness levels of 7-8. The desalinated water, high-purity NaOH (>95%) and acid produced offset industrial production activities and thus support global sustainable development objectives.

Se-rich tea polysaccharide extracted by high hydrostatic pressure attenuated anaphylaxis by improving gut microbiota and metabolic regulation

Selenium-rich tea polysaccharides (Se-TPS) were extracted via high hydrostatic pressure technology with a pressure of 400 MPa (200–500 MPa) for 10 min (3–20 min) at a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:40 (1:20–1:50). Subsequently, Se-TPS1–4 were isolated and purified, with Se-TPS3–4 as the main components. A spectral analysis proved that Se, which has antioxidant activity, existed. An in vitro study found that among Se-TPS, Se-TPS3–4 attenuated the release of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, and interleukin (IL)-4. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that treatment with Se-TPS downregulated IL-4 levels and upregulated TGF-β and interferon-γ levels to improve imbalanced Th1/Th2 immunity in tropomyosin-sensitized mice. Moreover, Se-TPS promoted Lactobacillus and norank_f_Muribaculaceaek growth and upregulated metabolites such as genipin and coniferyl alcohol. Overall, these results showed the strong anti-allergy potential of Se-TPS by regulating mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory responses and microbiota regulation, highlighting the potential of Se-TPS as a novel therapeutic agent to regulate allergy-associated metabolic disorders.

Technological substitution: The key control modes

One of the primary goals of public administration in Russia is ensuring technological sovereignty which is hard to attain without proper planning and coherent technology modernization policy in different fields of economic activity. However, administration tools should allow for the current stage of technological development. The article aims to identify control modes of technology modernization considering the principles of substitution and addition. The foundation of research resides in technological change theory. The research methods applied are taxonomic and structural analysis, statistical generalization. Empirical evidence for 2004–2021 was retrieved from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). This methodological approach has allowed establishing the key control modes and types of technology modernization – substitution and addition – according to investment in high or low technology, and formulating their central principles. The study also discusses the variants of state policy aiming to extend the country’s technological sovereignty based on the current mode of technological modernization. It is shown that the pseudo effect of technological dualism discovered in the Russian economy suggests utilising special tools designed to optimize the economic structure for boosting investment in new technologies.

Large-eddy simulation investigation on the effects of inlet swirl/Reynolds number and fuel heating value on a turbulent kerosene spray flame

To progress toward the high efficiency and low emission aviation engine technology, it is mandatory to understand the complex phenomena including kerosene spray atomization, evaporation, turbulent mixing and combustion in the engine combustor. Nowadays with the rapid growth of computational capacity over the world, large-eddy simulation (LES) performs a more and more important role in understanding the complex multi-phase combustion process of kerosene fuels in aviation engine configuration. In the present work, LES is employed to investigate a swirling kerosene spray jet flame in a model combustor, which has been studied experimentally. The turbulent combustion is modeled by the flamelet generated manifold (FGM) approach with a 3-component surrogate kerosene skeletal mechanism. The averaged gas velocity and temperature predicted by LES generally agrees well with the experimental measurements. Local extinction is observed at the inner shear layer of the swirling spray flame, due to droplet-turbulence-flame interactions. A parametric study with 11 cases is then performed to investigate the effects of inlet swirl/Reynolds number and fuel heating value on the kerosene flame. As the swirl number increases, the enhanced turbulent mixing between kerosene fuel and air facilitates the combustion process, but combustion instabilities may occur if the swirl number is too high. A higher Reynolds number can promote the turbulent combustion via a stronger recirculation zone, but it also has strong dilution effects on the combustion field. Variations in the fuel heating value directly impact the temperature field, but the flow field, major species concentrations and droplet phase statistics are only slightly affected. These LES results give clues to achieve optimal combustion performance in realistic aviation engine configurations via better arrangements of fuel and air injections.

Organization of the cross-border marketing center: functions, tasks and areas of activity

Organization of the cross-border marketing center: functions, tasks and areas of activity

Taxonomic accuracy and complementarity between bulk and eDNA metabarcoding provides an alternative to morphology for biological assessment of freshwater macroinvertebrates

Determining biological status of freshwater ecosystems is critical for ensuring ecosystem health and maintaining associated services to such ecosystems. Freshwater macroinvertebrates respond predictably to environmental disturbances and are widely used in biomonitoring programs. However, many freshwater species are difficult to capture and sort from debris or substrate and morphological identification is challenging, especially larval stages, damaged specimens, or hyperdiverse groups such as Diptera. The advent of high throughput sequencing technologies has enhanced DNA barcoding tools to automatise species identification for whole communities, as metabarcoding is increasingly used to monitor biodiversity. However, recent comparisons have revealed little congruence between morphological and molecular-based identifications. Using broad range universal primers for DNA barcode marker cox1, we compare community composition captured between morphological and molecular-based approaches from different sources — tissue-based (bulk benthic and bulk drift samples) and environmental DNA (eDNA, filtered water) metabarcoding — for samples collected along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbances. For comparability, metabarcoding taxonomic assignments were filtered by taxa included in the standardised national biological metric IBMWP. At the family level, bulk benthic metabarcoding showed the highest congruence with morphology, and the most abundant taxa were captured by all techniques. Richness captured by morphology and bulk benthic metabarcoding decreased along the gradient, whereas richness recorded by eDNA remained constant and increased downstream when sequencing bulk drift. Estimates of biological metrics were higher using molecular than morphological identification. At species level, diversity captured by bulk benthic samples were higher than the other techniques. Importantly, bulk benthic and eDNA metabarcoding captured different and complementary portions of the community — benthic versus water column, respectively — and their combined use is recommended. While bulk benthic metabarcoding can likely replace morphology using similar benthic biological indices, water eDNA will require new metrics because this technique sequences a different portion of the community.

An integrated technology for the absorption and utilization of CO2 in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO3 in a high gravity environment

In this study, an integrated technology is proposed for the absorption and utilization of CO2 in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO3 in a high gravity environment. The effects of absorbent type, high gravity factor, gas/liquid ratio, and initial BaCl2 concentration on the absorption rate and amount of CO2 and the preparation of BaCO3 are investigated. The results reveal that the absorption rate and amount of CO2 follow the order of ethyl alkanolamine (MEA) > diethanol amine (DEA) > N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and thus MEA is the most effective absorbent for CO2 absorption. The absorption rate and amount of CO2 under high gravity are higher than that under normal gravity. Notably, the absorption rate at 75 min under high gravity is approximately 2 times that under normal gravity. This is because the centrifugal force resulting from the high-speed rotation of the packing can greatly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and micromixing. The particle size of BaCO3 prepared in the rotating packed bed is in the range of 57.2−89 nm, which is much smaller than that prepared in the bubbling reactor (>100.3 nm), and it also has higher purity (99.6 %) and larger specific surface area (14.119 m2/g). It is concluded that the high gravity technology has the potential to increase the absorption and utilization of CO2 in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO3. This study provides new insights into carbon emissions reduction and carbon utilization.

High Power Density Technology of Propulsion Motors for Electric Aircraft

High Power Density Technology of Propulsion Motors for Electric Aircraft

Large Capacity and High Energy Density Technology for Batteries and Fuel Cells

Large Capacity and High Energy Density Technology for Batteries and Fuel Cells

Preparation, characterization, and coating effect of bio-active nano-emulsion based on combined plant essential oils on quality of grass carp fillets

This study aimed to develop a satisfactory essential oil (EO) nano-emulsion through high pressure microjet technology and explore its physiochemical properties and synergistic coating effects on grass carp fillets. The optimal conditions for oregano/litsea cubeba (6:4, wt%/wt%) nano-emulsion were shown to be 80 s high pressure microjet pretreatment time, 9000 lb per square inch pretreatment pressure, 6 % oil phase, and 3:2 Km (mass ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant). The obtained nano-emulsion exhibited 100.42 ± 0.96 nm oil diameter at 4 °C after 15-day storage, coupled with high stability after centrifugation, freeze–thaw and heating treatment. Compared with untreated samples at day 6 storage, the nano-emulsion-treated grass carp fillets exhibited improved textural properties, higher water-holding capacity (74.23 % ± 0.80 %), lower total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N, 13.46 ± 0.30 mg/100g)/thiobaric acid (TBA,0.43 ± 0.02 mgMDA/100g), and lower total viable spoilage bacteria count (4.98 ± 0.21 lgCFU/g). This study facilitates understanding the combined EOs nano-emulsion on improving the shelf life of grass carp fillets.

China's Infrastructural Capitalism and Infrastructural Power of Labor: The Making of the Chinese Working Class

Abstract This article anticipates a political project that underlines China's infrastructural capitalism and the infrastructural power of labor in the making of the Chinese working class. This project embarks a re-departure of the left movement after the Jasic struggle, which inspired a rebirth of global Marxism and Maoism that attempts to confront the failure of the first wave of socialist movements and the neoliberal turn of global capitalism. Meeting this historical conjuncture, this project is situated in the legacy of the Chinese Revolution and its firmly held belief in the class struggles of the working masses who fought for a vision of communism since the early 1920s. As part of a global project in preparation for the new wave of emancipatory movements, this project is also located in a global anti-capitalism movement and attempts to overcome the parochial and nationalistic approach of existing Chinese Marxism. Specifically, the author conceives that Chinese capitalism has entered a new age of monopoly supported not only by new phases of high technology but also, more importantly, by state power in constructing infrastructural bases such as building projects, new economic zones, highways and high-speed railways, digital platforms, and logistics, both internally and externally, to reproduce expanded capitalism, resulting in fierce imperial battles among global powers. The article conceptualizes this historical process not only as “infrastructural capitalism,” a term that vividly embodies the materiality of expanded capitalism, but also the infrastructural power of labor to take root.