This paper investigates the extent to which characteristics of the organic model of organization are correlated with innovation rates in a sample of 110 American factories. The more organic rather than mechanical the socio-technical structure of the organization, the higher the innovation rate. However, the organic design rules work best in a small-scale, high technology niche. This result transcends Burns and Stalker by suggesting that there is more than one best way to organize for innovation. Some of the problems of organizing for innovation in large-scale, high technology environments are explored at the conclusion of the paper.