High-technology Crime Research Articles

ORGANIZED CRIME AS A RISK FACTOR WHICH THREATENS NATIONAL SECURITY

This paper defines the terms of threats, risks and challenges in security and national security systems. In the modern era, the continent of Europe, which our country is part of, as an expansively accepted synonym for democracy and legal order, faces the worst crisis in terms of security from the end of the Cold War. Specifically, in that period, the security aspects were comprehended through a state-centered attitude, with an emphasis on the military importance of this concern, since the possibility of the outbreak of war conflicts including a nuclear war, was the center of attention. But, nowadays, the term security has expanded from military to other sectors that are not in a jurisdiction of the state. Beside the old ones there are emerging new security challenges, risks and threats, civil disturbance, organized crime, terrorism, migration, human trafficking, high-technology crime, pandemics and climate changes. In connection to that the paper analyzes the phenomenon of organized crime as one of the factors that constitute the most serious threat in contemporary which has a growing tendency to expand on a global scale and endanger the survival of people, economic trends, the environment as well as to endanger the established civilization values. Given the actuality of this phenomenon, the paper elaborates the certain aspects of the issue of organized crime, as one of the most serious contemporary non-military threats to both national and international security. The organized crime as a serious risk-factor for violating national security causes dangerous destructive effects in all areas of society. It is the greatest danger that together with terrorism and corruption is a complex phenomenon that is present at every phase of social development presenting a threat to the modern world. The result of the actions of these stakeholders is manifested through an interrupted social development, creating distrust of the population towards the state and its administrative bodies, blocking the reforms, and inflicting the financial damage, as well worsening an international reputation of the country, etc. The contemporary security challenges should experience a transformation primarily in the field of preventive action in order to prevent organized forms of crime.

Search of computers for discovery of electronic evidence

In order to address the specific nature of criminal activities committed using computer networks and systems, the efforts of states to adapt or complement the existing criminal law with purposeful provisions is understandable. To create an appropriate legal framework for supressing cybercrime, except the rules of substantive criminal law predict certain behavior as criminal offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data, computer systems and networks, it is essential that the provisions of the criminal procedure law contain adequate powers of competent authorities for detecting sources of illegal activities, or the collection of data on the committed criminal offense and offender, which can be used as evidence in criminal proceedings, taking into account the specificities of cyber crime and the environment within which the illegal activity is undertaken. Accordingly, the provisions of the criminal procedural law should be designed to be able to overcome certain challenges in discovering and proving high technology crime, and the provisions governing search of computer for discovery of electronic evidence is of special importance.

The Evolution of Computer Forensic Best Practices: An Update on Programs and Publications

Abstract The field of computer forensics is one of the newer disciplines in the area of forensic science. Like all of the others, it is going through a transition from an art practiced by individuals to a more standardized set of techniques for which “best practices” can be defined. Over the past few years, a number of documents have been published by governmental and nonprofit groups that may well serve as de facto statements of best practices. Certainly no computer forensic professional can fail to understand that these documents may well turn up as the basis for questions in cross-examination. In this paper, we review the state of the field and identify the key documents and publications—virtually all freely available over the Internet—that are forever changing the very nature of computer forensics. This paper is based on material presented by coauthors Brill and Pollitt at the 2005 National Training Conference of the International High-Technology Crime Investigation Association. It should be noted tha...

High-Technology Crime Investigation Challenges of the 21st Century

High-Technology Crime Investigation Challenges of the 21st Century

Overview of the High-Technology Crime Investigation Profession and Unit

Overview of the High-Technology Crime Investigation Profession and Unit

High-Technology Crime Incidents and Crime Investigations

High-Technology Crime Incidents and Crime Investigations

Introduction to the High-Technology Crime Environment

Introduction to the High-Technology Crime Environment

Current issues confronting well-established computer-assisted child exploitation and computer crime task forces

Over the past five years, a large number of agencies have developed specialized units to deal with high technology crimes and Internet crimes against children. The United States currently funds approximately 45 Internet Crimes Against Children Task Forces. This article talks about some of the issues confronting established Internet crimes against children and high technology crime units and examines approaches to their resolution. First, the tension between forensics and investigations is discussed. With the first computer forensic laboratory being accredited by the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB), pressure to split the functions is increasing attention to unit functions (Casey, 2004; Ferraro and Casey, 2004a). Next, the article addresses the continued confusion over obtaining information from Internet service providers. The third issue discussed is the burgeoning problem of storing and returning evidence years after its seizure. In some cases the courts order return of evidence containing contraband, and often impose arduous duties on the unit personnel that are more akin to what a computer technician at a private shop would perform under contract than what law enforcement personnel should do to accommodate the owner of evidence to facilitate its return (Ferraro and Casey, 2004a).

Identifying the required knowledge elements for the effective detection, investigation, and prosecution of high technology crime: The perspective of academe

Identifying the required knowledge elements for the effective detection, investigation, and prosecution of high technology crime: The perspective of academe

Preparing for high technology crime: An educational assessment of criminal justice and criminology academic programs

The primary objective of this study was to determine the extent to which undergraduate criminal justice and criminology students were exposed, under current academic curricula, to the essential knowledge elements associated with high technology crime investigation. The study also explored the degree of changing, or the likelihood for changing, the criminal justice curriculum to accommodate the increasing level of sophistication of crime in society. The study revealed that a significant number of criminal justice and criminology academic programs were not exposing their students to the knowledge elements that have been identified as being essential to the investigation of high technology crime. A large proportion of the programs indicated they were not planning to modify their academic curricula to include the knowledge elements associated with the investigation of high technology crime.

What the InfoSec Officer Should Know About the Future of the High-Technology Crime Investigative Profession and Law Enforcement Concerns

What the InfoSec Officer Should Know About the Future of the High-Technology Crime Investigative Profession and Law Enforcement Concerns

The future of high-technology crime: A parallel Delphi study

This study attempts to forecast the future nature of high-technology crime. High technology can be defined as a form of sophisticated electronic device — computer, cellular telephone, and other digital communication — that is in common use today. Criminal activity involving these devices now usually takes the form of manipulating the device to aid in the performance of some criminal activity, such as using cellular telephones in drug deals to thwart government intervention or a computer program to achieve a theft of money or data. Technology changes at an astounding rate while law enforcement techniques, which traditionally are reactionary, do not.