Cybercrime Research Articles

Rising Problems of Money Laundering in Cyber Plat Form

Now a days, business is getting globalized. E-commerce is a very essential things in online trading platform. Without money business is not possible. Everything has a positive and negative site. Excessive money exchange attracts criminals. Crimes can be committed in cyber platform very efficiently without any evidence and traces. After Covid-19, committing financial fraud has increased. Criminals’ detection becomes very difficult. It becomes very difficult in international aspect. This cyber fraud spreads in many countries though online. Several conferences are taken places. Various treaties are implemented in these regards. Still the problem remains unresolved. Sufficient domestic laws are in enforced to prevent this crime. How laws are applied and dealt to prevent and detect the cyber criminals and crimes are discussed to bring certainty.

From restoration to social media: exploring the nexus of architecture, social media and information sharing behaviours

PurposeThis study aims to explore the impact of architecture on digital communication mediums, focusing on how social media shapes the public perception and discussion of architectural spaces. It specifically examines the case of the Basilica Cistern/Istanbul, analysing social media interactions post-restoration.Design/methodology/approachUsing newspaper archive scanning and survey technique, this study observed public content on Instagram focusing on the post-restoration period of the Basilica Cistern. 406 (283 valid) people who visited the Cistern and shared their experiences on Instagram between August 2022 and January 2023 participated in a survey. The analysis utilized Python for advanced correlation studies, enabling an in-depth exploration of the interplay between architectural features and social media sharing behaviours.FindingsThe analysis revealed that historical significance, lighting elements, role as a photographic backdrop significantly influenced sharing behaviours. Correlations were found between specific spatial features of the cistern and various sharing motivations, such as communication with people, personal gain, and popularity. The study highlights a diverse spectrum of motivations among users, emphasizing the relationship between these motivations and spatial features.Research limitations/implicationsThis study underscores the necessity for further inquiry into the intricate dynamics among digital communication, architectural spaces, and user motivations. Limitations include potential challenges in gathering data from social media due to concerns of cyber fraud and the misuse of hashtags.Originality/valueThis research offers novel insights into the interplay between digital communication and architecture. It underscores the potential of digital platforms as valuable data sources for architectural theorizing and practice, particularly in understanding how restorations and architectural changes are perceived and discussed in the digital space.

Perceptual Operating Systems for the Trade Associations of Cyber Criminals to Scrutinize Hazardous Content

The limits of user visibility have been exceeded by the internet. The “Dark Web” or “Dark Net” refers to certain unknown portions of the internet that cannot be found using standard search methods. A number of computerised techniques are being explored to extract or crawl the concealed data. All users can freely interact on the surface web. Identity identities may be found on the deep web, and the dark web (DW), a hub for anonymous data, is a haven for terrorists and cybercriminals to promote their ideologies and illegal activities. Officials in clandestine surveillance and cyberpolicing are always trying to track down offenders' trails or hints. The search for DW offenders might take five to ten years.The proposed study provides data from a DW mining and online marketplaces situation from a few domains, as well as an overview for investigators to build an automated engine for scraping all dangerous information from related sites.

A Study on Cyber Frauds Post Digitalization in India

Abstract: In the modern era of Digitalization, Digital banking has become more relevant due to the latest demonetization happened in India. The digitization of banking has made financial transactions swift and brought luxurious banking from anywhere, anytime. Indian government is not only encouraging using the cashless transactions but also providing financial benefits on digital transactions. As the usage of digital banking transactions increased, it introduced differenttypes of cyber frauds and the rate of fraudulent practices also got amplified, therefore sound knowledge of usage of digitalisation services is requisite to prevent fraudulent practices. The present study depicts the types of frauds happening post digitalization in banking Industry and also tries to figure out the different reasons responsible for the happening of frauds in the IndianBanking Sector.

The Urgency of Artificial Intelligence Criminal Responsibility as Cybercriminals

The development of information technology at this time has created many changes in life in society, the presence of artificial intelligence (A.I) in the midst of human life activities has provided many benefits both in aspects, so that today's society is very dependent on A.I which is considered very helpful in its work. Of course it can be seen that A.I also does the same thing as humans and has a positive impact and a negative impact on human life, where every aspect has a great impact on human life. The formulation of the problem in this study is the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in Indonesia at this time and the Urgency of Criminal Responsibility of Artificial Intelligence as Perpetrators of Cybercrime. This research belongs to the normative legal research type. and the nature of this research is descriptive analysis. The results of the discussion in this study found that the A.I Regulation at this time is not specifically regulated by the law on A.I, but is regulated in the ITE law, namely in article 1 number 8 concerning electronic agents, where electronic agents are interpreted as A.I by analogy with the meaning of the word "automatic", then the next discussion is about the criminal responsibility of artificial intelligence as cyber criminals is a very important study for The lack of discussion on the use of A.I in Indonesian state regulations raises concerns in the public about the increasing potential for violations of the law and crime by these entities

Deep Tech Wireless Synthetic Telepathic Technology, Remote Neural Monitoring, Mind Controller, Voice to Skull [V 2 K], Neurotechnology and Wireless Direct Energy Weapon, Psychotronic Cyber Crime Technics

Abstract: Electronic torture, Electromagnetic torture, or Psychotronic torture are terms used by individuals who are targeted by this Wireless Synthetic telepathic technology. Satellite surveillance criminal operators, often actors or often government employees, agents or crime syndicates, use transmitted electromagnetic radiation (Such as microwave listening effects), satellite technology, and surveillance techniques. And bring sounds and thoughts into people's minds, affect people's bodies and make people sick and disturb people Individuals who experience this call themselves "targeted individuals" (TIs). And they share their experiences of being harassed and victims of stalking gangs.

Implementasi Authentication Captive Portal Pada Wireless Local Area Network di PT. St. Morita Industries

PT. St. Morita Industries has a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) which is used as a medium for exchanging data and information by utilizing wireless transmission media, WLAN currently uses WPA2-PSK as a security system to authenticate users to access the internet. However, the use of WPA2-PSK as WLAN security still has a weakness due to the use of the same 1 password for many users in order to connect to the WLAN hotspot will be an opportunity for cyber crime. This happens because it will be very easy for irresponsible users to enter the WLAN. Therefore, in this study, captive portal authentication will be applied as an effort to increase WLAN security replaces WPA2-PSK. This research process uses the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) method. All the configurations needed to build the captive portal authentication take advantage of the Winbox program. This research has resulted in a special user authentication limitation for users who have registered on the WLAN is permitted to access this company's internet. In addition, the Winbox program can also be used for monitoring all users connected to the WLAN, both active and inactive users. By setting up captive portal authentication on a WLAN network using a proxy routerboard device which comprises an IP address, DHCP server, hostpot setup, NAT firewall, and DNS server one can create a WPA2-PSK security system. This configuration is completed with the aid of the Winbox v3.37 software.

DIGITAL FRAUD: WHAT STUDENTS KNOW ABOUT IT (EXPERIENCE IN CONDUCTING A FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEW)

The article, based on statistical data and sociological research from a focus group interview conducted among students, updates the problem of cyber fraud. The dynamics of stolen funds of Russians over five years, the level of awareness of students about cyber fraud, the types and forms of fraud schemes that informants have encountered are shown. The most common forms of fraud are deception associated with the transfer of money for a purchase/service on the Internet with or without priority links, phishing sites and hacking of a page (account), with the subsequent demand for money for its return. This may be due to the fact that young people are active users of social media (social networks, instant messengers, games, marketplaces, etc.) and most often use online shopping. Next come less popular forms of cyber fraud, such as “raising” funds for SVO participants, the “anti-cafe” scheme, and telephone calls under the “relative in need” scheme. A number of signs to identify a fraudster (assertiveness, aggressiveness in response to the desire to check information, commanding tone, top secrecy during a call, etc.) have been identified. The reasons and factors (internal and external) contributing to the deception of a potential victim have been established (low awareness, lack of experience in dealing with digital fraud schemes, personal qualities (excessive gullibility, pliability, fear of public condemnation, greed), the use of external factors (SVO), social technologies engineering by attackers). In the context of simulated situations of cyber fraud, algorithms for the safe behavior of potential victims were identified, and students proposed measures to prevent digital fraud.

THE INCREASE OF CYBERCRIME AMIDST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A SPOTLIGHT ON THE MOROCCAN CONTEXT

Amid the COVID-19 outbreak, the entire world has been turned upside down. Daily practices such as work and education have shifted to the online and remote model at homes. This transition from in-person to online transactions has increased the prevalence of electronic crimes, commonly known as ‘cybercrimes’. These types of crimes are among the most significant types of crimes for the entire world and Morocco is no exception. Cyber-attackers have seized the opportunity of the pandemic to multiply their digital crimes and take advantage of individuals who were extremely frightened by the virus and bombarded with a significant amount of constant updates, including fake news, related to the Coronavirus outbreak. They have also exploited the increased use of people’s virtual communication particularly via social media platforms and the online vulnerabilities to target victims with low digital and media literacy. The current paper seeks to investigate the kinds of cybercrimes that have been committed online during the pandemic notably false promotion of products claiming to protect against COVID-19, online fraud operations, extortion, identity theft, threats, abuse, harassment, defamation, among others. Moreover, the researcher attempts to suggest proper ways to address these types of crimes and enhance cybersecurity that involve promoting digital literacy, implementing legal deterrence, and engaging multiple parties.

Формализация процедуры выявления личностных характеристик потенциальной жертвы кибермошенничества

The current state of the problem of cybercrime is considered and the most common types of cyber fraud are highlighted. The concept of cybervictimisation is described as a combination of personality traits characterising an increased level of propensity to become a victim of cybercrime. A procedure for identifying personality characteristics of individuals with increased cybervictimisation is proposed. Approaches to researching the relationship between the degree of expression of certain character traits and the manifestation of cybervictimisation are studied. The methods of psychological diagnostics for the purpose of identifying personality traits are considered. To determine the quantitative characteristics of the degree of manifestation of character traits, the 16-factor personality questionnaire of R. Kettell was used to test a sample of respondents who were subjected to fraudulent actions in cyberspace. The respondents were divided into two control groups – those who succumbed to the actions of cyber fraudsters and those who managed to resist them. For each respondent, a set of walls describing the degree of manifestation of the relevant character traits was obtained. The task was to identify the personality traits most characteristic of the respondents in each of the control groups by finding the greatest variation in the wall values for each of the character traits across the types of cyberfraud under consideration. The Mann-Whitney criterion was used to evaluate the differences in the respective samples of walls translated into a ranking scale. Using the analysis of asymptotic significance of differences in the average ranks, the character traits for which the reliability of differences is maximum were selected, and a matrix was constructed that allows characterising the propensity to be exposed to a certain type of cyber fraud by the most pronounced manifestation of these character traits. The obtained results were compared with published research results in this area, and their qualitative correspondence was revealed. The set of personality characteristics significative in terms of exposure to cyber fraud is generated. The direction of development of the topic under study is set.

Online Fraud Exposed: Tactics and Strategies of Cyber Scammers

Online fraud has become an increasingly prevalent and damaging issue in the digital age. Cyber scammers employ a wide range of tactics and strategies to deceive and exploit unsuspecting victims, resulting in substantial financial losses and compromised personal information. This review paper examines the current landscape of online fraud, exploring the various techniques employed by cybercriminals, the potential consequences for individuals and organizations, and the efforts undertaken to combat this growing threat [1]. By analyzing relevant literature and case studies, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of online fraud, its evolution, and the measures necessary to mitigate its impact. Additionally, a table is presented to summarize the techniques implemented in recent years, highlighting the rapidly evolving nature of cyber threats. The paper concludes with future recommendations and strategies to enhance online security and protect against fraud. Keywords: Online Fraud, Cyber crime, Scammers, Scam, Cyber, Tactics;

Computer and Cyber Crimes

All that were impossible so for, internet have made them possible. Computer has facilitated to restore lots of Data in small memory, which seems to be very impossible from the view of human. Based on the high speed of computer, it calculates and counts very complicated issues within seconds. The improvement in information technology has negative aspect as well. It means it has facilitated for some crimes and illegal activities against the community that before it was very impossible and couldn’t happen. Computer systems is a modern and improved opportunity for law violators, and have made the law breakers to keep up with changed method and feature of crimes. Computer crimes have created much more problems in modern communities; for instance legal societies have confront such conflicts and problems. Such crimes include the ancient and practiced criminal activities like; robbery, deceiving, hacking, and financial abuse, or they have completely new nature which is unpredictable, which have created problems to the former criminal code and criminal procedure code.

Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity

The usage of Internet as increased with time ,but with the increase in usage of internet ,the cases of Cybercrime has also gone up. However, with increase of artificial intelligence ,the companies and business are starting to look for AI tools to help against cybercrime .AI is becoming an essential component of every business. Cybercrime is one of the important sectors where AI has begun demonstrating valuable inputs. It is due to the fact that AI is faster than humans to take action and make an alternate plan of action to protect business and send warning against cybercrime. We will discuss recent cyber crime and how AI is used in the industry to defend itself in the long run

Introduction to Special Issue: Bridging the Online–Offline Divide in Criminology

This special issue deals with the way that sexual abuse, illicit markets, and social communities increasingly co-exist online and offline. The contributions explore the interconnections between the offline and online contexts and interrogate how the digital is both reproducing and changing the way people experience practices entailing risks and unwanted behavior. The on/offline overlap is important to understand the continued relevance of gender, class, and age in a digital society. That way, exoticism that posits online crime as new because it is different, bigger, and more complex is questioned: several of the contributions in this special issue analyze how online crime does not reinvent, so much as tweak and exaggerate age-old problems.

Reconceptualizing online offenses: A framework for distinguishing cybercrime, cyberattacks, and cyberterrorism in the Indian legal context

From a legal standpoint, there are significant disparities in treating online offenses targeting individuals, organizations, and nation-states. These disparities arise due to influences that vary discreetly based on crucial factors such as the target, motive, or impact. This article draws upon the Information Technology Amendment Act (ITAA) of 2008 in India, analyses how these factors regulate online crimes, and thereby conducts a comprehensive analysis of current literature to differentiate cybercrime, cyberattacks, and cyberterrorism. The proposed framework includes a target-impact (intent) model to differentiate illicit online activities, complemented by a discussion on the actor-intent model, which emphasizes their treatment and implications within the legal context. The article explores the target-impact (intent) definition of cybercrime, highlighting its significance in capturing the cyber aspect and differentiating it from cyberattacks. Case studies are presented to illustrate these distinctions effectively. Furthermore, the article highlights variations in mitigation strategies, investigative protocols, punitive measures, and legal consequences corresponding to the identified classifications. Lastly, it incorporates insights from theoretical criminology and sociology, discusses how the proposed target-impact (intent) model aligns with the routine activity theory, and attempts to distinguish online crimes using the institutional theory.

SAFEGUARDING FORENSIC EVIDENCE USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY

Digital evidence is important when investigating cybercrime because it can be used to link criminal s to victims. As digital evidence passes through various stages of the chain of custody during a criminal investigation, ensuring its integrity, authenticity and investigation is crucial. A security certificate is required to ensure that the data containing the evidence remains secure during and after processing. The system called Digital Threat Investigator developed in this project is built on Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned network that requires the permission of all users. Access control, channel authorization and participant configuration are very important in order to effectively solve the privacy and confidentiality problem. Blockchain can also be used to store and distribute valuable information. The raw forensic data is fragmented, stored in the cloud and linked to the blockchain in Digit al Threat Investigator, and the usage history of the raw data is also stored in the blockchain. These t wo processes are integrated to ensure scalability and traceability of data entry. Programming is done using WordPress, HTML, CSS and PHP. The results of the experiment show that latency continously decreases as the number of nodes in the blockchain decreases. The results show that the time increases from 150ms to 353ms as the number of nodes increases from 1 to 8. The system has proven to be a useful tool to assist digital forensics and ensure the security of forensic evidence. Key Words: Blockchain, Cyber Crime, Information Security, proof of concept, blockchain technology; Ethereum.

Enhancing Smart Grid Resilience: An Educational Approach to Smart Grid Cybersecurity Skill Gap Mitigation

Cybersecurity competencies are critical in the smart grid ecosystem, considering its growing complexity and expanding utilization. The smart grid environment integrates different sensors, control systems, and communication networks, thus augmenting the potential attack vectors for cyber criminals. Therefore, interdisciplinary competencies are required from smart grid cybersecurity specialists. In the meantime, there is a lack of competence models that define the required skills, considering smart grid job profiles and the technological landscape. This paper aims to investigate the skill gaps and trends in smart grid cybersecurity and propose an educational approach to mitigate these gaps. The educational approach aims to provide guidance for competence-driven cybersecurity education programs for the design, execution, and evaluation of smart grids.

Block Chain Technology and Its Emerging Significance

Block chain technology is a decentralised, distributed ledger that stores the record of ownership of digital assets, any data stored on block chain is unable to be modified, making the technology a legitimate disruptor for industries like payments, cyber security and health care. Block chain technology has the potential to revolutionise interaction between governments, businesses and citizens in a manner that was unfathomable just a decade ago. Block chain has emerged to become a potentially transformative force in multiple aspects of government and private sector operations. Its potential has been recognized globally with a variety of international organisations and technology companies highlighting the benefits of its application in reducing the costs of operations and compliance, as well as in improving efficiencies .Future of Blockchain in the Finance Industry, Cybersecurity, Digital Advertising, Supply Chain Management and so on will ensure transparency in governance, ensure less cybercrime, to promote marketing, reduce the human error with less cost and time. The study objective is to identify the country which supports blockchain, influencing factors and its impact on future of block chain. To achieve this objective, case study method is used, five different cases are taken to prove how the blockchain methodology support the managerial functions in various aspects. The study findings are supported by the advantages of using blockchain, how it helps the nations to reduce the time taken to accomplish the goals with transparency, to maximise the efficiency by adaptation of blockchain technology and to reduce the human intervention thereby reducing the prevalent cyber crime.

Exploring the prevalence of internet crimes among undergraduate students in a Nigerian University: A case study of the university of Ilorin

Internet crime, also known as cybercrime, encompasses various illicit activities conducted through computer system and online platforms. It is a global menace that has become a pervasive issue in our contemporary society. This study delves into exploring the prevalence of internet crime among undergraduate students at the University of Ilorin with the view to examine the level of involvement of undergraduate students, identify the underlying factors, the perceived consequences, and potential control measures associated with undergraduates' involvement in internet crime. The study engaged a sample size of 400 undergraduate students, employing a stratified sample technique for comprehensive data collection using a structured questionnaire. The research revealed that the participants acknowledged the prominence of internet crime within their peer group. It uncovered the multifaceted factors contributing to the prevalence of internet crimes. The respondents acknowledged the perceived consequences of undergraduates' involvement in internet crime, encompassing financial mismanagement, expulsion from educational institutions, societal stigma, loss of personal integrity, legal consequences, and limited access to future opportunities. To mitigate this growing concern, respondents recommended various control and combative measures. These encompass the implementation of stringent rules within educational institutions, effective monitoring of students' financial activities, awareness campaigns against internet crime, provision of employment opportunities, engaging experts to address the issue, banning tools facilitating internet crime, and organizing training workshops to enhance legitimate ICT skills and wealth generation. This study sheds light on the pressing need for proactive interventions to curb internet crime among undergraduate students, emphasizing education, awareness, and policy implementation to foster a safer online environment and deter involvement in criminal activities.

Investigative Analysis of Cybercrime in Nigeria: Using Theft Triangle

Cybercrime or computer related crime is a criminal activity carried out with the aid of computer and the internet. The internet has contributed to the growth and development of the Nigerian economy and the world at large. However, the correlation between the growth of the internet and cybercrime in Nigeria is directly proportional to each other. Cyber insecurity is one of the biggest vices threatening the growth and advancement of the Nigerian economy. This paper provides investigative analysis of cybercrime in Nigeria using “theft triangle”. Theft triangle comprises of the three key elements that must be present before theft can take place which are “desire, motive and opportunity”. Nevertheless, since the desire and motive of a criminal cannot easily be controlled, the paper focuses more on “opportunity” as a measure to enhance the security of cyberspace in Nigeria. An experimental set-up was done to determine the security of cyberspace when “opportunity” was not controlled and when it was controlled over a period of time. The investigation revealed that cyberspace is subject to theft when “opportunity” was not controlled than when it was controlled. Hence, the study suggests appropriate modalities to enhance the security of cyberspace in Nigeria.