High-tech Center Research Articles

Человеческий капитал в теории и практике экономического роста (на примере Мурманской области)

Russia’s Arctic policy focuses on making large-scale progress in the Arctic’s social and economic domains, including the development of local natural resources and the Northern Sea Route and the establishment of high-tech centers that can create global value chains. One of the primary challenges and threats to the sustainable development of the Russian Arctic regions is the mismatch between regional higher education systems and the needs of the economy. The risks are significantly exacerbated by the global economic transformation and the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, when considering the prospects for the innovation-driven development of the Arctic’s economy, a critical issue is the accumulation of highly educated human capital, where higher education plays a key role. The article explores the issues surrounding the formation and accumulation of human capital from the perspective of regional economic growth. The goal of this work is to empirically test the theory of increasing returns on investments in education. The key premise is that human capital accumulation has constant returns and can therefore grow indefinitely. This made it possible to put forward the hypothesis that the better the population’s access to higher education, the bigger the human capital and, accordingly, the higher the growth of gross output per capita. An empirical assessment was conducted to check the test model of the influence of university enrollment rates on economic growth. The results indicated a high coefficient of determination from the regression of the time series of the studied indicators. Also, the model showed the presence of conditional convergence, which means that a decrease in university enrollment rates is compensated for by an increase in the return on human capital due to an increase in the quality of education.

Theranostics-enabling high-tech centers: the value of centralizing resources in countries in development

Theranostics is a rapidly advancing field that is driving significant advancements in the healthcare industry by providing individualized medical solutions. Demand for theranostics is increasing over time and has led to the creation of theranostics-enabling high-tech technological centers. This review investigated the potential advantages and drawbacks of consolidating theranostics resources within technologically advanced facilities, particularly in developing nations, and led to three main observations: 1) The centralization of theranostics resources can lead to improved research, cost efficiency, and quality of healthcare services; 2) Developing countries may encounter hurdles such as resource allocation, infrastructure development, and skill acquisition, but these risks can be mitigated; 3) High-tech centers can play a major role in fostering innovation and advancing theranostics industry in these countries. In conclusion, this paper provides insights into the potential of high-tech centers as a pivotal point in the evolution of healthcare in developing countries. It calls for more funding support, in-depth research and collaborative efforts to overcome the challenges and harness the full potential of theranostics, as it has already occurred in some countries.

From a peripheral town to the Silicon Valley of northern Israel

ABSTRACT This article examines how the small peripheral town of Yoqneam became one of the largest high-tech centres in Israel. It does so by using official data analysis and in-depth interviews with key figures to construct a holistic model that explains the town’s phenomenal success in upgrading its socioeconomic level from 3 to 7 in 25 years. Four major success anchors have been identified: a) Employment opportunities that include high paying jobs in innovative clean industrial parks that enable personnel mobility and experience sharing; b) High standard of living that includes an excellent education system, along with various housing opportunities and beautiful surroundings; c) Growth accelerators, such as technological incubators that can contribute towards the transformation of this peripheral area into a technological centre; and d) Efficient transportation system that connects the town to the country’s business centre, as well as to knowledge centres such as universities.

The Co-Production of National and Technological Orders

Abstract This paper will follow the birth of Israel’s first military research organization, the Israeli Science Corps (“Hemed” in Hebrew), and present a glimpse at a formative moment in the creation of Israel’s military R&D system which is responsible for Israel’s leading role as an arms exporter and high-tech center. The article presents the historical context of Hemed’s establishment, explores the different actors involved in the struggle over its creation, and points to some of the reasons for Hemed’s success in becoming an important participant in arms production. The emergence of a new military R&D organization marked the rise and institutionalization of a new weapon-production culture promoting research, experimentation, and technological innovations. The outcome of this coalition between a group of scientists, a political leader, civilian industry, and academic institutions provides a case study in the co-production of new socio-political and technological orders.

Prospects for assessing the biological and immunological age of a person by blood factors

According to the WHO, by 2050 in developed countries, the population over 60 years old will double. This will lead to a further increase in the retirement age and an elevation of burden on the health care system. Therefore, there is an acute issue of maintaining health and prolonging active longevity, as well as the introduction of monitoring for prevention of premature aging and age-related disorders to avoid early disability. The review aims to discuss the aging process and identify critical blood factors affecting or indicating progress in biological aging. The connection of biological age, the regenerative and immune systems aging with the shift in circulating blood factors have been evaluated. The concepts of "health and longevity hygiene" and the concept of "immunological age" are debated. Perspective methods of rapid and multiplex analyzes of blood factors are discussed, as well as the prospects for preliminary analysis of biological and immunological age at home with subsequent processing in high-tech centers to identify risk groups and monitor healthy aging. Approaches to protecting health, slowing aging and rejuvenating the elderly, maintaining healthy aging, and prolonging active life have been defined.

Protection against vibroacoustic impacts on example of high-tech research centre

In this paper the elastic support of building structures is discussed as one of the advanced technical solutions for protecting buildings against vibrations and structure-borne noise. Two of several possible variants of solutions are described on the example of special-purpose facility built in Cracow, Poland. The specificity of the building of the “Solaris” research centre is the use of high-tech mea- surement technologies and vibration-sensitive equipment. Then a restrictive criterion of the permissible level of vibroacoustic impacts on the building was set at the early design stage. To ensure effective reduction of vibrations transmitted through the ground, the necessary activities are described. The protection method by using appropriate mitigation measures (anti-vibration materials) is shown. The presented example draws attention to the problem of a rational and comprehensive approach to the subject of protection against vibrations, which is part of the concept of sustainable development in civil engineering.

The prospects of development of the state and private partnership under conditions of the healthcare reform

The prospects of development of the state and private partnership under conditions of the healthcare reform

Safety first: The risk of over-reliance on technology in navigation

Modern navigation heavily relies on technology. A modern ship's bridge is a high-tech centre with various equipment, such as Radar/ARPA, Automatic Identification System (AIS), Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), satellite communications, and so on. The ability to operate various maritime technologies is among the most important part of navigation officers’ knowhow. However, as any technology can be an error, there will be failure happen on maritime technologies, such as navigational sensors and computer-based bridge systems. As an unsafe behaviour, over-reliance on technologies in watch keeping may have disastrous consequences. This article analysed the relationship between safe navigation of a ship and an increasing reliance placed on technology by master and officers. It identified at which stage a reliance on technology becomes an over-reliance, and the major causes of this, such as insufficient training and fatigue. Finally, it examines the consequences of an over-reliance on technology and makes some proposals on how these consequences can be prevented.

IMPROVING THE DIDACTIC SYSTEM OF USE OF HISTORICAL, SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL VALUES OF GREAT IMAGES IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Thanks to independence, we have been able to study our rich history, especially the comparative technologies of studying the historical, scientific and pedagogical values, heritage, genesis of great figures in the educational process, without any changes. Systematic work is being carried out to train spiritually and morally developed qualified personnel on the basis of the use of historical, scientific and pedagogical values ​​of great figures, to accelerate the spiritual development of society, to strengthen the creative cooperation between literary and artistic creators. Improving the system of use of historical, scientific and pedagogical values ​​of great figures in the context of education in scientific research institutions of the recent past, the development of a culture of independent thinking, innovations in science, culture, literature, art, interpretation of rare works of national literature, research is underway. At the same time, special attention is paid to scientific work on improving the didactic system of using the historical, scientific and pedagogical values ​​of great figures, the definition of the scale of artistic and creative thinking, the coverage of development trends. Everyone tries to study with interest the historical, scientific and pedagogical values, heritage, genesis of great figures, scientific and theoretical basis of the principles of development of new Uzbek literature, the normative bases of respect for our great figures. The Action Strategy for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan states “Establishment of specialized research and experimental laboratories, high-tech centers and techno-parks at universities and research institutes, stimulation of research and innovation activities, creation of effective mechanisms for implementation of scientific and innovation achievements” priorities such as This plays an important role in improving the pedagogical mechanisms for the development of the didactic system of students of pedagogical higher education institutions.

Оптимизация мониторинга недоношенных детей в условиях современных высокотехнологичных перинатальных центров

Оптимизация мониторинга недоношенных детей в условиях современных высокотехнологичных перинатальных центров

Постиндустриальные факторы развития Дальнего Востока России

<span>Достижение опережающего среднероссийские показатели социально-экономического развития в Дальневосточном макрорегионе одновременно с приростом численности населения предполагает изменение существующей модели экономического роста, опирающейся на увеличение добычи сырья и энергоресурсов. Добывающий сектор является основным в доиндустриальном обществе и не способен сформировать структуру занятости населения и институты постиндустриального общества, привлекательные для проживания значительных масс населения. Между тем инновационные высокотехнологичные центры, составляющие экономическую основу постиндустриального общества, имеют высокую миграционную привлекательность. Их развитие может внести необходимые положительные изменения в структуру воспроизводства и динамику населения регионов Дальнего Востока. Инструментом формирования инновационной экономики в макрорегионе может стать концепция Региональной инновационной системы, являющаяся современным представлением концепции полюсов роста, положенной в основу принятой Стратегии пространственного развития России. Практическое применение модели инновационного развития региона осуществляется в Приморском и Хабаровском краях и Республике Саха (Якутия).</span>

Contribution of the Russian Federation to strengthening of epidemiological surveillance Over Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Republic of Guinea

The review summarizes the main results of a five-year cooperation activities of the specialists from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Guinea in the fight against dangerous infectious diseases. From the very beginning of the Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa, Russia has been actively involved in international efforts to control it. The scientific and technical interaction of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Guinea, the main components of which are strengthening of the laboratory and hospital facilities, training of specialists, can be divided into two stages. The first one (during the period of the epidemic) is sending to Guinea a group of Russian specialists and mobile laboratories from the mobile complex of the specialized anti-epidemic team of the Rospotrebnadzor and opening of the first in the Republic of Guinea inpatient infectious disease hospital for Ebola patients. The second one (after the end of the epidemic) is the creation of a high-tech Center, which allows performing both diagnostic and scientific researches of a wide range. In the course of implementation of the programs on assistance to the Republic of Guinea on combating infectious diseases, public-private partnership mechanisms with UC RUSAL were involved, which made it possible for Russia to participate in the eradication of the Ebola epidemic and the subsequent strengthening of Guinea’s national potential in combating biological threats as efficiently as possible. The five-year interaction between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Guinea resulted in the build-up of Guinea’s national potential to counter biological threats, the creation of laboratory and hospital resources that meet the needs for the elimination of epidemiological threats caused by particularly dangerous infectious diseases, not only in the Republic of Guinea, but also in neighboring countries of West Africa, development of scientific and technical cooperation aimed at improving the system of epidemiological surveillance of communicable diseases in the Republic of Guinea.

Evaluating the social and economic efficiency of investment in high-tech perinatal centers considering the learning curve effect

Evaluating the social and economic efficiency of investment in high-tech perinatal centers considering the learning curve effect

Elites científicas junto às políticas locais de C&T: o caso da Secretaria Municipal de São Carlos-SP

Este artigo trata da presenca das elites cientificas e tecnologicas na implementacao de politicas locais de Ciencia e Tecnologia (CT Secretaria Municipal; Campo cientifico; Sao Carlos; Politica de C&T.

The analysis of functioning of department of blood transfusion in high-tech medical center of cardio-vascular surgery in 2015

The article presents indices of functioning of department of blood transfusion related to implementation of tasks of clinical transfusiology in 2015. The analysis was applied concerning planning, blood transfusion therapy and implementation of donor blood in high-tech center of cardio-vascular surgery.

Перспективы внедрения технологий ядерной медицины в системе ФМБА России

The article is devoted to development prospects of nuclear medicine in the Russian Federation. One of the first to provide nuclear medicine in Soviet Union was A.I. Burnasyan. He headed the 3d Directorate General of Ministry of Health (the FMBA of Russia at present). The Institute of Biophysics and the Institute of Medical Radiology (Obninsk), was established in the 50s – 60s of the 20th century, laid the foundation for nuclear medicine and developed it. With their efforts, nuclear medicine in USSR has become the world leader. However, in the 1980s – 1990s, there was a serious lag in this area due to radiophobia that arose after the Chernobyl accident, as well as the collapse of the USSR and the severe economic crisis, overcoming which in the beginning of the 21st century made it possible to pay considerable attention to nuclear medicine. Today the FMBA of Russia leads in the development and application of nuclear medicine technology. In the departments of the FMBA of Russia – the Siberian Research and Clinical Center (Krasnoyarsk) and Northern Medical Clinical Center N.A. Semashko (Arkhangelsk) – carries out high-tech diagnostics and treatment of cancer, neurological and cardiac diseases. Currently, in Dimitrovgrad city, the creation of the Federal High-Tech Center for Medical Radiology of the FMBA of Russia (FHCMR, FMBA of Russia) under the state program “Establishment of Federal Centers of Medical Radiological Technologies” is being completed. FHCMR, FMBA of Russia will provide high-tech medical care to the assigned contingent of the FMBA of Russia and the adult population of the Central, Volga, North-West federal districts. In the article noted the need for training specialists in the nuclear medicine. Training of specialists is already being conducted at the Training and Education Center of the Federal Siberian Research and Clinical Center of the FMBA of Russia. An important aspect of the introduction of nuclear medicine technologies and the operation of such centers are issues of legal regulation. The article pays attention to the licensing of nuclear medicine objects in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law No. 170-FZ of November 21, 1995 “On the Use of Atomic Energy”. The tasks that need to be addressed for the development of nuclear medicine technologies are formulated, including through the implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism, as well as by expanding international cooperation with the EAEU member states.

San Jose Food Works Study: Demonstrating the Economics of Local Food Systems Toolkit Methodology

Like many fast-growing cities with a history as a major food production area, San Jose, California, has largely left its agricultural heritage behind. Much of its famed Valley of the Heart’s Delight, so-called because of the vista of springtime blos­soms and once a nationally important fruit produc­tion region, has been developed into the Silicon Valley, now a global high-tech center. The San Jose Food Works study makes a case that the food sector can be an important driver for achiev­ing the city’s goals for economic development, place-making, public health, and sustainability. The study analyzes the economic contributions to the city from each food supply chain sector––produc­tion, distribution, processing, retail, and food service. It also engages stakeholders from agencies, busi­nesses, and community-based organizations in identifying gaps and opportunities for strengthen­ing these contributions. The recommendations developed with these stakeholders reflect a new commitment to collaborate on building a more robust, equitable, vibrant, and sustainable local food system. This reflective essay describes the practitioner-led development of a city-scale food supply chain assessment, as a process and product that demonstrate the methodology presented in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Economics of Local Food Systems Toolkit (Thilmany McFadden et al., 2016).

Integral rationalism: ontological and epistemological intentions in context of the european rationalism development

The article is sanctified to consideration of the modern stateof conception of integral r ationalism, that originates theideological sources from the paradigm of Europe adogmatism. An author distinguishes her ontological andepistemological intensions that direc tly touch themodern mainstream of Interdisciplinary and thinking in complication. Postmetaphysical tendencies areexposed to the walkthrough in philo sophy, science, andreligions that gravitate to rapprochement as a generalmental structure of i ntegral rationalism of new Logos.The world view factors of the European thinking, that entail edthe crisis phenomena in the coexistence of countries ofEuropean Union, are studied, on the basis of adogmatic reflection of historical preconditions of European integration. The present day is the post-metephysical period of awareness of the need for a return to holistic thinking, the focus of which at present is synergetic. Science, remaining "a high-tech knowledge center", paves the way through interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity to the transversal mind, which is still an imaginary horizon of ontological unity of various types of rationality and the definition of reason as such. In theology, there is an acute reformist need for the creation of a "new intellectual non-church religion", which would first of all honor ethical and aesthetic functions that produce the moral safeguards of human life. Each aspect of integral rationalism is in a state of intrinsic imbalance, which is capable of showing the intentions of convergence (or dispersal in the event of deepening of the crisis trends) to each other through a sinergetic antagonism around the idea of the "faith is the entelechy of mind" integral rationalism. Such intentions arise primarily through the awakening of an ontological inquiry into the metaphysical unity of being and being in their hermeneutic circle. The world, immersed in a pathos train (stable perseverance) of globalization with the intention to change the existence in space measurements, made a fatal mistake, not taking into account that such a change is heavy for itself and the change of things, namely, human-being. The expectation that a person under the influence of technological pressure (since it was he who became the driving factor for global development) automatically turned into a "citizen of the world" did not materialize: the regionality of thinking, the location of traditions, nationalism, religious isoletionism, the existence of "poles of influence" on geopolitics and therefore the existence (human) among the technical revolutions is in the forgotten frontier of "globalization-anti- globalism".

Analysis of groundwater resources in densely populated urban watersheds with a complex tectonic setting: Shenzhen, southern China

Shenzhen is the major financial and high-tech center in southern China. The megacity has grown rapidly in the last 40 years with the population increasing from about 30,000 in 1979 to 20 million in 2016. The study area (2,015 km2) is about 42% urban and 58% undeveloped land. The rapid development of the megacity has resulted in severe degradation of the groundwater and surface-water resources and has created a nearly insatiable demand for water, with an average consumption of 2000 × 106 m3/year. Groundwater is an important component of the baseflow of the many streams in the area and is used for potable water supply and irrigation in some of the rural parts of the municipality. This study develops a conceptual model and quantitative framework for assessing the groundwater resources of Shenzhen. The groundwater system consists of shallow aquifers of alluvium and weathered bedrock overlying low permeability igneous and sedimentary rocks. The complex geologic setting was conceptualized as a block structure with blocks bounded by high-angle faults. The water budget in Shenzhen was quantified. The estimated average groundwater discharge is about 12% of annual precipitation. The study provides a starting point to investigate how a megacity such as Shenzhen should manage and protect its groundwater as a strategic resource and environmental asset. It is also a basic management tool for analyzing and contributing to urban drainage concepts such as the “sponge city”.

Peter Henry Rose

Known as the father of ion implantation technology, Peter Henry Rose died peacefully at his home in Rockport, Massachusetts, on 23 March 2017. Peter Henry Rose PPT|High resolutionPeter was born on 16 January 1925 in Lincoln, UK; his father was a ship builder. For many years he and his family lived on the Isle of Wight off the UK’s south coast. That introduction to country life, with water as a central part, greatly influenced his life and lifestyle. He was for many years an avid sculler on the Charles River in Boston; later he loved sailing his 18-foot catamaran at high speed and on one hull across Lake Sebago in Maine. He also was an enthusiastic skier; on one occasion, while giving a technical paper to an international audience in the Alps, he wore his ski boots so that he would not lose a single moment on the slopes.Peter received a PhD in nuclear physics from the University of London. Without any instruction, he also was given an adjunct divinity degree, which gave him great amusement throughout his life.Peter’s first job after graduation was at Frank Whittle’s innovative turbojet-engine research laboratory. Then, as a Fulbright scholar and research associate, he spent two years at MIT. Peter returned to the UK in 1954 before emigrating permanently to the US in 1956 to join a new and innovative company, High Voltage Engineering Corp. HVEC was dedicated to building large particle accelerators for fundamental nuclear structure research. During his 15-year tenure there, he worked closely with one of its founders, Robert Van de Graaff, and rose to be director of its research laboratory. As well as improving the performance of the machines, Peter was author or coauthor of more than 50 peer-reviewed technical papers.In 1968, while at HVEC, Peter was asked to build a much smaller accelerator to be used for semiconductor device development at Fairchild Semiconductor. At that time, the desired junction doping of a transistor was achieved by thermal diffusion of dopants into the substrate. That resulted in devices with a distribution of threshold voltages from which those with the desired operating voltage were sorted, and it led to a low product yield. Using ion implantation made the threshold voltage precise and resulted in a 100% yield. Unfortunately, the HVEC machine used the existing technology, which had the dopant-ion selection magnet at ground potential after the ion acceleration stage. That configuration resulted in a machine that was nearly 11 meters long; although useful for research, it was quite unsuitable for a production setting.That experience was the inspiration for Peter’s invention of a radically different compact accelerator design, with the selection magnet placed prior to acceleration. Almost no one in the scientific or technical community believed the arrangement could work. But the ion implanter design continues to be used worldwide by semiconductor factories.In 1971 Peter chose that risky design for the product of his first start-up company, Extrion Corp, which grew to employ 1500 people; it was acquired by Varian in 1975 and still exists today as a division of Applied Materials. The repetitive reproduction of the ion implanters required standard manufacturing procedures that were not in line with Peter’s entrepreneurial talents, and he left Varian in 1976 to form his second start-up, Nova Associates (now Axcelis Corp). The company grew rapidly and created an innovative high-current ion implanter. Peter also contributed to the start-up and operation of a subsidiary, Sumitomo Eaton Nova, because sales to semiconductor fabrication factories were particularly strong in Japan at the time. Additionally, he helped colleagues found or agreed to serve as a director of several other start-ups, including Ibis Technology and Passport Systems.Peter was a superb leader, which contributed to his being an outstanding entrepreneur. People loved to work with him because they trusted and believed in him. He created a wonderful environment that didn’t seem like work because it was so much fun. Customers knew he would make good on his promises. Because of his integrity and reputation, Peter was often able to sell complex ion implanters based on just a simple concept sketch. For the same reason, he was also able to convince investors to support the development of his numerous innovations.Among Peter’s many honors, he received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 1996. His most cherished award was from the City of Gloucester, Massachusetts, which recognized Peter for helping turn the city into a high-tech center from a one-industry fishing town, to the benefit of residents in the city and surrounding areas.Peter was a gentleman who worked hard and played hard. Rather than raise his voice in anger, he would raise a glass in celebration. He was great fun to be with, both in and out of work. We and the semiconductor community miss him.© 2018 American Institute of Physics.