High Supercapacitors Research Articles

Synthesis of activated carbon and its rGO composite using pomegranate peels: its photocatalytic and electrode material for high capacitance supercapacitor applications

Synthesis of activated carbon and its rGO composite using pomegranate peels: its photocatalytic and electrode material for high capacitance supercapacitor applications

Versailles Santa Barbara-5 derived bifunctional one-dimensional electrocatalysts of hierarchical Ni3S2 nanoprism@nanosheets arrays for self-supporting and binder-free efficient supercapacitor and methanol oxidation reaction

We herein present a structure consisting of two-dimensional (2D) single-crystal Ni3S2 nanosheets designed on one-dimensional (1D) Ni3S2 nanoprism arrays (also known as Ni3S2 nanoprism@nanosheets). These arrays are directly synthesized over nickel foam, which is referred to as Ni3S2/NF. These structures can be used as binderless, self-supporting electrodes for bifunctional methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) applications and high energy density hybrid supercapacitors (HSC). Ni3S2/NF is synthesized through the two steps of hydrothermal processes. In step I, 1D hexagonal Versailles Santa Barbara-5 (VSB-5) nanorod arrays have been prepared onto the surface of NF (denoted as VSB-5/NF). The precursor for step II was 1D VSB-5 nanorod arrays, which were transformed into Ni3S2 using Na2S as a sulfur source via the Kirkendall effect. Electrochemical examination results show that as-synthesized Ni3S2/NF electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance (Cs) of 145.0 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1, low series resistance (0.18 Ω) and charge-transfer resistance (0.05 Ω), small relaxation time constant (τ0 = 8 ms) and high frequency response at 125.8 Hz. Ni3S2/NF has a superior specific capacity of 145.0 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 as a SC electrode. The Ni3S2/NF//CNTs/NF HSC can be operated up to 1.6 V in a 3 M KOH electrolyte, delivering an impressive energy density of 256.35 W h kg−1 at a power density of 6400 W kg−1. The as-assembled Ni3S2/NF//CNTs/NF HSC device exhibited an impressive stability of 81 % even after undergoing 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. When compared to previously reported catalysts, Ni3S2/NF was proved to be an excellent electrocatalyst for MOR due to its ability to generate a current density of 215.0 mA cm−2 at 0.5 VSCE, while maintaining a superior and stable current density of 619.2 mA cm−2 at 0.8 VSCE.

Optimizing phosphorene nanosheets for high performance all-solid asymmetric supercapacitors: A theoretical and experimental insight

This study probably for the first-time introduced a phase and morphology-tuned scalable, cost-effective method for large-scale production of Black Phosphorous/Phosphorene (BP), and investigated their in-depth electrochemical properties. Utilizing a one-pot mild wet chemical-assisted hydrothermal route in ethylenediamine, high-quality BP nanosheets were synthesized from amorphous red phosphorus (RP) with nearly 100 % conversion efficiency, yielding 7.1352 g for one batch at 130–170 °C. The resulting phosphorene nanosheets exhibited a small crystalline size (2.708 nm), hierarchically porous morphology, a 1.64 eV direct optical bandgap aligned with theoretically calculated bandgap using LDA approximation, and various structural defects, along with large specific surface area (50 m2g−1) and reduced number of layers (4–5) compared to prior literatures, suggesting electrochemical superiority. CV and GCD measurements in the potential window of −0.7 V to 0.1 V revealed its highest pseudo-capacitance response (84.91 %), reaching a maximum specific capacitance value of 759.748 Fg−1 at current density 2 Ag−1, surpassing all previous records. Moreover, BP displayed excellent cyclic stability of 89.8 % after 10,000 cycles, making it an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors. A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device (HASD), using BP, successfully lighted up 6 red LEDs for 10 s, achieving maximum specific energy density at 73.43 Wkg−1 at a power density of 1500 Wkg−1.

Phenolic resin filled wood-derived hierarchically porous carbon monolith for high areal capacitance supercapacitors

Wood-based electrodes are widely used in supercapacitors due to their renewable and three-dimensional self-supported properties. Low space utilization of wood-based electrodes seriously restricts its practical applications. In this paper, a wood/phenolic resin composite was designed, which can effectively enhance the space utilization of wood and ensure a hierarchical porous structure. The prepared balsa wood/phenolic resin composite-derived electrode obtained a high areal capacitance (8169 mF cm–2), which is 954 % of pure balsa wood-based electrode. Moreover, the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor device exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, displaying a high areal capacitance of 3.3 F cm–2, and a competitive volumetric energy density of 2.88 mWh cm–3. More importantly, this design has been successfully used to prepare various species wood-derived electrodes. Therefore, as a general strategy, which gives a novel idea for the design of wood-derived electrodes and may affect other fields using wood-based materials.

Ultralong lifespan and high energy density soft-pack asymmetric supercapacitors based on electrochemically activated porous nickel oxide nanosheet array

Nickel oxide (NiO) with high theoretical capacity is considered a promising energy storage material, however, its actual capacitance and stability are unsatisfactory. In this work, a facile electrochemical activation is proposed to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of porous NiO nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth (CC) in-situ prepared by facile hydrothermal method and subsequent high-temperature calcination. Experimental characterization and density functional theory calculations have shown that this electrochemical activation process can introduce more oxygen vacancies and defects, reduce the crystallinity and nickel valence state of NiO, increase the structural looseness of the nanosheet array and electrical conductivity as well as adsorption energy for hydroxide. By utilizing these structural regulations, the specific capacitance of electrochemically activated NiO/CC is significantly enhanced from 308 to 914 F g−1. The soft-pack asymmetric supercapacitor offers a high energy density of 38.5 Wh kg−1 and exhibit an ultralong lifespan of up to 20,000 cycles with 96.2% capacitance retention. Such a soft-pack asymmetric supercapacitor illuminates different electronic devices, demonstrating enormous potential in practical applications.

Preparation of Few-Layered MoS2 by One-Pot Hydrothermal Method for High Supercapacitor Performance.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a typical layered material, has important applications in various fields, such as optoelectronics, catalysis, electronic devices, sensors, and supercapacitors. Extensive research has been carried out on few-layered MoS2 in the field of electrochemistry due to its large specific surface area, abundant active sites and short electron transport path. However, the preparation of few-layered MoS2 is a significant challenge. This work presents a simple one-pot hydrothermal method for synthesizing few-layered MoS2. Furthermore, it investigates the exfoliation effect of different amounts of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a stripping agent on the layer number of MoS2. Na+ ions, as alkali metal ions, can intercalate between layers to achieve the purpose of exfoliating MoS2. Additionally, NaBH4 exhibits reducibility, which can effectively promote the formation of the metallic phase of MoS2. Few-layered MoS2, as an electrode for supercapacitor, possesses a wide potential window of 0.9 V, and a high specific capacitance of 150 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. This work provides a facile method to prepare few-layered two-dimensional materials for high electrochemical performance.

Enhanced energy density of high entropy alloy (Fe‐Co‐Ni‐Cu‐Mn) and green graphene hybrid supercapacitor

AbstractGiven the growing demand for new materials for supercapacitor applications, high entropy alloys (HEAs) are being extensively investigated. They are an efficient alternative to existing energy sources due to their synergistic contribution from individual element. We demonstrate the development of nanostructured HEA (FeCoNiCuMn) as a cathode material with specific capacitance (Cs) of ~388 F g−1 (5 mV s−1). As anode material, green graphene (rice straw biochar) synthesized using pyrolysis shows a maximum Cs of ~560 F g−1 at similar scan rate (5 mV s−1). A hybrid asymmetric liquid state device was assembled using the FeCoNiCuMn nanostructured HEA and green graphene as electrodes. Utilizing the green source, the device provided a high Cs of 83.22 F g−1 at 2 A g−1. The specific energy of the device was 33.4 Wh kg−1 and specific power of 1.7 kW kg−1. The electrochemical behavior of each element in the high entropy composition was studied through post X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic analysis. The chemical behavior of FeCoNiCuMn is further investigated using DFT studies. The enhanced electrochemical properties and synergistic contribution of each element of the HEA is studied via d‐band theory. The current study can be utilized to develop asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors as environmental friendly energy source.

Preparation of Ni Nanowires Covalent Organic Framework Composites with High Electrochemical Stability and Supercapacitor Performance

Preparation of Ni Nanowires Covalent Organic Framework Composites with High Electrochemical Stability and Supercapacitor Performance

Improving the capacitive performance of wood-derived carbon monolith by anchoring heteroatom-doped carbon nanotubes in the vessels via in situ chemical vapor deposition

Wood, with high carbon contents and abundant vertically oriented channels, has unique advantages in preparing high mass-loading carbon-based freestanding supercapacitor electrodes. However, there is considerable room for enhancing the capacitive performance of wood-derived carbon electrodes. A one-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method mediated by dicyandiamide using iron-based nanoparticles as catalysts was proposed to enhance the utilization of vertical channels in wood-based carbon electrodes and improve their pore structure and chemical composition. This approach aimed to fabricate composite electrodes with enhanced mass loading, interwoven conductive carbon nanotube networks, well-developed hierarchical porous structure, and abundant nitrogen/oxygen-containing functional groups. The effect of CVD temperature on the physical/chemical properties and capacitance performance of the composite material was investigated. Consequently, the optimal electrode (CW/NCNTs-800) attained a competitive initial specific capacitance of 5762 mF cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2 and demonstrated a satisfactory rate performance with the specific capacitance of 3520 mF cm−2 at 300 mA cm−2. In addition, the durable electrode demonstrated commendable cycle stability, maintaining a capacitance retention of 93 % through 30,000 cycles at 30 mA cm−2. This study on wood-derived high mass-loading supercapacitor electrodes can provide a novel perspective on the application of high-performance energy storage devices.

Morphologically tailored NiMn2O4nanocubic material for high energy-power density asymmetric supercapacitor and non-enzymatic H2O2 sensing

Developing an advanced material for energy storage and sensors is considered a key solution to meet future energy demands and economic challenges. The inverse spinel-structured NiMn2O4 emerges as a promising electrode material for next-gen energy storage due to its notable power capability, high energy density, and excellent cyclic stability. Nanostructuring enhances features not achievable in bulk materials, with a mixed morphology of nano-cubic and nanoflakes optimizing surface-to-volume ratio for effective use in energy storage devices. The addition of PVP as a surfactant, transforms the diffusion-controlled behavior to a capacitive mechanism, enhancing energy density and cyclic stability. Electrodes exhibit a specific capacitance of 816 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and stable cyclic behavior over 5000 cycles in 1 M KOH. The constructed ASC device shows 96% cyclic stability over 10,000 cycles, maintaining an energy density of 8.8 Wh kg−1 at 6400 W kg−1 and reaching a maximum of 36.55 Wh kg−1 at 400 W kg−1. Electronic structural characteristics explained through density functional theory (DFT) contribute insights. Furthermore, the non-enzymatic NiMn4/GCE H2O2 sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, a low detection limit, and remarkable selectivity against various biological interferences across a broad concentration range.

Continuous and Scalable Manufacture of Coal-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Dominated with Mesopores for High Rate-Performance Supercapacitors

Continuous and Scalable Manufacture of Coal-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Dominated with Mesopores for High Rate-Performance Supercapacitors

S doping induced phase transition of CoMoO4 and decorated on KCu7S4 for high specific capacitance supercapacitor electrode material

Due to the importance of electrode materials for supercapacitors, modified transition metal compounds are better suited to their needs. Compounding and ion doping are two effective modification pathways to optimize the structure of electrode materials and enhance the ion migration kinetics, and thus improve the electrochemical performance of transition metal compounds. In this paper, KCu7S4@S-CoMoO4 (S doping) was prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method. The S doping would cause the phase transition of CoMoO4 and enhance crystallinity. Additionally, the possible substituted oxygen position of S atom was simulated by density functional theory (DFT). Electrochemical characterization showed that the specific capacitance of KCu7S4@S-CoMoO4 prepared under optimal condition was as high as 2866.77 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. The assembled KCu7S4@S-CoMoO4//AC hybrid supercapacitor exhibits the maximum energy density of 132.71 Wh/kg in liquid system condition and the specific capacitance maintained 80.9% of the initial capacitance after 3500 charge/discharge cycles. This work provides ideas for designing materials with high electrochemical performance.

Coprecipitation routed MWCNT/CdMn2O4 nanocomposite for high performance aqueous hybrid supercapacitor

A facile coprecipitation approach is used to synthesize CdMn2O4 and a multi-walled carbon nanotube/CdMn2O4 composite. The prepared CdMn2O4 nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotube/CdMn2O4 composite are characterized by numerous characterization techniques and discussed. The TEM characterization reveals that CdMn2O4 nanoparticles are attached with the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Further, the supercapacitive performance of CdMn2O4 and MWCNT/CdMn2O4 is investigated. High specific capacities (Qs) of 124.25 and 202 mAh g-1 are obtained at 1 A g-1 from CdMn2O4 nanoparticles and MWCNT/CdMn2O4 composite, correspondingly. The performance of cyclability of MWCNT/CdMn2O4 indicates the long durability of the material for commercial application. Further, an aqueous hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) is assembled by MWCNT/CdMn2O4 and activated carbon (AC). MWCNT/CdMn2O4//AC delivers an energy density of 36.80 W h kg-1 at the power density of 775 W kg-1 with the current density of 1 A g-1. Further, two yellow, two blue, two green, two red and two white color light emitted diodes (LEDs) are easily and separately lighted by two MWCNT/CdMn2O4//AC connected in series. As well, a kitchen timer and toy motor fan were powered by two MWCNT/CdMn2O4//AC connected in series.

Carbon nanotube-confined NiCoLDH heterostructures for ultrahigh stable supercapacitors

The structural instability of metal oxides retards realizing high-performance and long lifespan supercapacitors. We prepare an electrochemical active heterostructure of NiCo layered double hydroxide (LDH) confined by carboxyl carbon nanotube (CNTCOOH). Through the electrostatic interactions between carboxyl groups (COO−) of CNTCOOH and metal cations of LDH under a simple hydrothermal treatment, the CNTCOOH confined NiCoLDH (CNTCOOH-c-NiCoLDH) can be easily fabricated. The CNTCOOH-c-NiCoLDH demonstrates the specific morphology of rope-fastened plates and shows ultrahigh cycled stability. In addition, the hydrophilic carboxyl groups on CNTCOOH also regulates the interfacial electronic coupling and electrolyte soaking, resulting in high rate capability. The charge-storage capacitance of CNTCOOH-c-NiCoLDH heterostructures reaches 2120.8 F/g at 1 A/g. The devices of CNTCOOH-c-NiCoLDH//AC show both high energy density (171.0 Wh/kg) and high power density (950.0 W/kg), and have ultrahigh capacity retention rate of 93.64 % after 50,000 charge and discharge cycles at a high current density of 5 A/g. This work supports an effective confinement idea and a facile method that can be applied on a large scale for the design and fabrication of super high stable metal oxide-based supercapacitors.

High stability supercapacitors based on MXene/Spherical g-PPy composite electrodes

The choice of electrode materials affects the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors, and the selection of suitable electrode materials is necessary to enable the industrialization of supercapacitors. The conductive polymer polypyrrole is well known to researchers for its excellent electrochemical properties, but pure polypyrrole does not fulfill its advantages. The disadvantage is that the microstructure of the polypyrrole molecules, which is favorable for energy storage when supercapacitors are being charged and discharged, is greatly damaged by the contraction/expansion of the polypyrrole molecular chains, which directly affects the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors assembled subsequently. So firstly, we modified PPy by using the functional group nature of 3-amino-4-methylene-phenylboronic acid (g-PPy) to give it more active sites. Secondly, MXene acts as the backbone of g-PPy, which limits the expansion and contraction of the volume supercapacitors and improves cycle stability when charging and discharging. In contrast, the compounded MXene/g-PPy has good specific capacitance and stability after several thousand cycles, due to the nature of the functional group of 3-amino-4-methylenebenzeneboronic acid, a large number of g-PPy active sites, the good hydrophilicity of the MXene surface for interaction with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and the hydrogen bonding between MXene and g-PPy, Even after 10000 charge/discharge cycles, its stability is significantly improved with a capacity retention rate of 98.6 %. In addition, the corresponding symmetrical supercapacitors were tested to exhibit significant cycling stability at a low temperature. This study, therefore, provides a method for the preparation of MXene based electrodes with high cycling stability by modifying the electrodes.

Fabrication of high voltage and energy dense supercapacitor with Manilkara zapota seeds derived porous activated carbon in acidic electrolyte

Achieving a high working potential window beyond the water electrolysis limit (> 1.23 V) has always been a big challenge in the fabrication of aqueous supercapacitors (SCs). Since energy density has quadratic dependence on voltage, broadening of cell voltage can remarkably increase the energy density of the capacitor. Unfortunately, most of the aqueous electrochemical capacitors operated in strongly acidic or alkaline electrolytes show poor energy densities owing to their narrow operating voltage limit. To obtain a high voltage range of aqueous symmetric carbon/carbon capacitors and achieve high energy density, the chemistry of electrode materials and the electrochemical kinetics of electrolytes play a critical role. Hence, in the present work, we explore a porous activated carbon produced from the seeds of Manilkara zapota (ACMZ-700) in combination with sulfuric acid electrolyte to obtain an encouraging electrochemical stable working voltage window. Thus, the resulting symmetric SC effectively exhibited an enlarged cell voltage of 1.5 V in an acidic medium. Importantly, due to the positive role of oxygenated surface functional groups of the ACMZ-700 active material, the fabricated symmetric cell delivered an attractive specific capacitance of 334 F g−1 @ 1 A/g. As a result of high capacitance and broader working voltage, the symmetric device delivered an excellent energy density of 26 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 748 W kg−1 and held excellent cycling stability over 10,000 charge/discharge cycles.

GO based nanocomposite hydrogel enabled high performance wearable all-solid supercapacitor based on hierarchical structure electrodes derived from ZIF-67

The flexible and wearable supercapacitors have attracted wide interest because of their widespread application in smart electronic devices with rapid charging and discharging. As an important part of supercapacitor, the electrode materials with a hollow structure, especially those with hierarchical structures that provide an array of continuous hollow cages, are considered promising. Because of its porous shell which is rich in redox reaction sites for supercapacitors. In this work, we fabricated a ZIF-67 derived hollow Co3O4 growth on the surface of 1D NiCo2O4 to assemble into a beaded structure. In this case, NiCo precursor acted as a structure-directing agent to grow a ZIF-67, a promising electroactive material of electrochemical capacitors to provide capacitance after calcination. Combined with the grapheneoxide (GO) based high conductivity hydrogel as the solid electrolyte, the capacitance of the flexible supercapacitor exhibited a high specific capacitance of 90F g−1 at 0.5 A/g, and it was sturdy and durable. There was no significant loss of capacitance while suffering from bending and pressing. The outstanding electrochemical properties of the all-solid supercapacitor can be attributed to the unique nanostructure of the electrode that created more reactive active sites, increased the diffusion pathway for electrolyte ions, along with the high conductivity of the hydrogel electrolyte.

A stretchable, fully self-healable, temperature-tolerant, and water-proof supercapacitor using TUEG3 capped gold nanosheets on oxime-carbamate bonded polyurethane film and organohydrogel

In this study, we demonstrate a stretchable, fully self-healable, temperature-tolerant, and water-proof supercapacitor with high electrochemical performance via a deliberate selection of materials and device architecture. Distinct from previous works, our whole supercapacitor is stretchable and self-healable, owing to the application of specially devised stretchable and self-healing oxime-carbamate based polyurethane (OC-PU) substrate film, self-healing polymer (poly(ether-thioureas) triethylene glycol) capped Au nanosheet current collector (TUEG3-Au NS) and newly synthesized organohydrogel electrolyte. The fabricated supercapacitor exhibits a high electrochemical performances (specific capacitance of 165.5F g−1, energy density of 14.58 Wh kg−1, power density of 2181.75 W kg−1, and capacitance retention of 89 % after 10,000 cycles) with a capacitance retention of 81 % over stretching by 40 % even after repetitive healing from damages, the self-healing of all components (full self-healing) over repetitive damages with a capacitance recovery by over 83 %, a wide operational temperature range from −20 to 60 °C with retaining over 91 % of capacitance at RT. Furthermore, a μ-LED is stably operated with the supercapacitor immersed in water regardless of the mechanical deformation and self-healing from damage due to self-bonded encapsulation layer of hydrophobic OC-PU film. With a vertically integrated patch device consisting of the fabricated supercapacitor and a strain sensor, bio-signals are detected using the stored energy of the supercapacitor even after self-healing from damages over the temperature range from −20 to 60 °C. This work suggests the high application potential of our high performance multi-functional supercapacitor as an integrated energy storage device for wearable electronics featuring longevity and stability under harsh environments.

Armoring hydrophilic wood-structured ultrathick electrode with bimetallic nitride enables high energy-density supercapacitor

Thick electrodes can reduce the ratio of inactive constituents in a holistic energy storage system while improving energy and power densities. Unfortunately, traditional slurry-casting electrodes induce high-tortuous ionic diffusion routes that directly depress the capacitance with a thickening design. To overcome this, a novel 3D low-tortuosity, self-supporting, wood-structured ultrathick electrode (NiMoN@WC, a thickness of ∼1400 μm) with hierarchical porosity and artificial array-distributed small holes was constructed via anchoring bimetallic nitrides into the monolithic wood carbons. Accompanying the embedded NiMoN nanoclusters with well-designed geometric and electronic structure, the vertically low-tortuous channels, enlarged specific surface area and pore volume, superhydrophilic interface, and excellent charge conductivities, a superior capacitance of NiMoN@WC thick electrodes (∼5350 mF cm−2 and 184.5 F g−1) is achieved without the structural deformation. In especial, monolithic wood carbons with gradient porous network not only function as the high-flux matrices to ameliorate the NiMoN loading via cell wall engineering but also allow fully-exposed electroactive substance and efficient current collection, thereby deliver an acceptable rate capability over 75% retention even at a high sweep rate of 20 mA cm−2. Additionally, an asymmetric NiMoN@WC//WC supercapacitor with an available working voltage of 1.0–1.8 V is assembled to demonstrate a maximum energy density of ∼2.04 mWh cm−2 (17.4 Wh kg−1) at a power density of 1620 mW cm−2, along with a decent long-term lifespan over 10,000 charging-discharging cycles. As a guideline, the rational design of wood ultrathick electrode with nanostructured transition metal nitrides sketch a promising blueprint for alleviating global energy scarcity while expanding carbon-neutral technologies.

Synergistic effects of defects and surface engineering in Ni-Co metal oxides to improve the high performance of Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors

NiCo2O4 (NCO) is an auspicious pseudocapacitor material for high energy density zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs), but its low intrinsic conductivity and significant volume expansion seriously hinder its electrochemical performance. Here, we develop a nitrogen (N) doped and oxygen-vacancy-rich (Ov) NiCo oxide nanolines grown in-situ on the carbon cloth (CC) named N-Ov-NCO@CC. The morphology and structure of N-Ov-NCO@CC were characterized by XRD, XPS, EPR, SEM and TEM. It can be clearly observed that N-Ov-NCO@CC nanowires are composed of many tiny nanoparticles, and this unique structure provides abundant gaps at the microscopic scale, providing ample sites for the attachment of electrolyte ions. Due to N-functionalization, synergistic effects of doping, defect and surface engineering are realized. As a result, N-Ov-NCO@CC exhibits significantly enhanced electrochemical performance. The N-Ov-NCO@CC single electrode exhibits a high capacitance of 993.0 F/g (496.5C/g) at 1 A/g and excellent cycle stability with a capacitance retention rate of 98 % after 5000 cycles. In addition, the assembled N-Ov-NCO@CC//Zn-ZHSC operates stably in the voltage range of 1.2–2.0 V. A high specific capacitance of 484.4 F/g is available at current densities of 1 A/g. In addition, it still has a high cycle life with a capacitance retention rate of 97.1 % after 10,000 cycles and a high specific energy/power (50.3 Wh/kg at 300.2 W/kg). Density function theory (DFT) verification shows that N-Ov-NCO has higher conductivity than Ov-NCO and pristine NCO, which is conducive to improving electrochemical performance. This work provides a new idea for developing stable electrode materials for new ZHSCs.