High Statistical Significance Research Articles

Exploring Anthropometric, Biochemistry and Nutritional Attributes in Overweight and Obese Women: Insights from the Serbian Cohort

Summary: Introduction: Anthropometric measurements (AMs), such as waist circumference and body mass index (BMI), are dominant indicators of overweight and obesity. Nevertheless, other AMs, such as waist‒hip ratio, waist circumference and indices of visceral adiposity index (VAI), body mass fat index (BMFI), cardiometabolic index (CMI) and waist‒to‒height ratio (WtHR) have been shown to be more significant and discriminatory than BMI in predicting cardiometabolic risk. Methods: The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional characteristics a sample of overweight and obese women in Serbia, focusing on potential differences related to AM and its association with specific biochemical markers. Results: The final analytical sample consisted of 57 females (average age 37.16 ± 7.27 years, range: 21–55 years). A strong positive correlation was observed between triglycerides (TG) and both the VAI (r = 0.896, p < 0.001) and the CMI (r = 0.896, p < 0.001), both with high statistical significance. Conversely, a strong negative correlation was found between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and both VAI (r = −0.601, p < 0.001) and CMI (r = −0.566, p < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly positively correlated with both WtHR and BMFI: SBP and WtHR (r = 0.343, p = 0.009), SBP and BMFI (r = 0.310, p = 0.019), DBP and WtHR (r = 0.368, p = 0.005), and DBP and BMFI (r = 0.377, p = 0.004). The analysis of biochemical parameters indicated no significant differences between groups, except for TG levels, which were significantly higher in the obese group (p = 0.045). Conclusion: Although the AMs of the subjects were significantly different, energy intake and macronutrient intake were not significantly different. We did not find significant differences in the intake of most vitamins or minerals between the groups. Additionally, there is inadequate intake of essential nutrients such as vitamin D, iron and selenium, which are critical for overall health. Both groups did not meet the recommended folate intake, which may increase the risk of fetal neural tube defects.

Comparative Analysis of ANN and RSM for Optimizing Contact Area to Enhance Dimensional Accuracy in Material Processing

The study focuses on improving the production processes' dimensional accuracy for thick materials through the optimization of the area of contact during machining, forming, and additive manufacturing. The performance and dependability of components depend heavily on dimensional accuracy, especially in sectors like heavy machinery, automotive, and aerospace, which demand high precision. The research employs predictive modeling using machine learning algorithms and optimization techniques to determine the optimal contact area that minimizes deviations in final dimensions. The process parameters were modeled, predicted, and enhanced by the use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). To design experiments, the central composite design is applied with machining trials conducted on a CNC machine. The results show that optimizing the contact area significantly improves stress distribution, reduces deformation risks, and enhances overall dimensional accuracy. Key findings include the validation of a quadratic model for predicting the area of contact, which demonstrated high statistical significance and predictive accuracy. The ANN model further corroborated these results, showing strong correlation and minimal error in predictions. The study offers a strong framework that producers can use to process thick materials more precisely and effectively by leveraging advanced modeling and optimization techniques.

Internet of things (IoT) for safety and efficiency in construction building site operations

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies present transformative opportunities through connectivity of intelligent devices, environmental sensors, and integrated management systems. This study aims to investigate the benefits and impact of IoT implementation on construction sites by analyzing relationships between key factors and outcomes for safety and efficiency. Hypotheses were developed proposing positive correlations between each factor and effective IoT adoption on construction sites. Structural equation modeling analysis on survey data from construction professionals and site reports strongly validated the research hypotheses. Positive path coefficients and high statistical significance confirmed environmental monitoring (0.38), equipment management (0.343), predictive analytics and maintenance (0.222) and safety monitoring (0.369) as crucial enablers for successful IoT integration leading to safer and more productive construction operations. The findings highlight imperative focus areas and provide actionable insights for construction stakeholders on strategies to effectively leverage IoT capabilities.

DIAGNOSIS OF THE ALVEOLAR BONE CONDITION IN CASES OF TEETH WITH ANTERIOR CROSS BITE

Anterior cross bite is an occlusal etiological factor for the occurrence of gingival recession and resorption of the alveolar bone. Aim: To examine the condition of the alveolar bone in relation to incisor inclination in subjects with anterior cross bite. Materials and methods: Sixty one eligible subjects, with a mean age of 25.66±10.51 years, presented with anterior cross bite of a single teeth or a group of teeth. The distribution of patients by sex is women-42.6% and men-57.4%. The inclination of the upper and lower incisors was evaluated and analysed with Steiner C method. The bone resorption in the two jaws (distance from the enamel-cement junction of the incisors up to the beginning of the alveolar bone) was measured up to 0.01 mm. Results: Protrusions constituted a higher percentage than retrusion in both jaws. The mean value of bone resorption in the maxilla of subjects with retrusion was 4.01mm, whereas in subjects with protrusion, it was 3.42mm (p = 0.062). The mean value of bone resorption in the mandible of subjects with retrusion was 4.56mm, whereas in subjects with protrusion, it was 4.36mm. The bone resorption mean of the patients with retrusion in the mandible was 0.55mm higher than the mean of the patients with retrusion in the maxilla with high statistical significance (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Higher levels of bone resorption were observed in the mandible as compared to the maxilla. A significant linear relationship was found between the inclination of the incisors and the degree of bone resorption.

Association of Shift Work, Sociodemographic Variables and Healthy Habits with Obesity Scales.

Shift work has been associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits and a higher prevalence of obesity, which negatively impacts the health of shift workers. The objective of our study was to examine the influence of shift work on obesity, as well as on sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits in individuals working this type of schedule. An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 53,053 workers from various labour sectors across several Spanish autonomous communities was conducted. It included 31,753 men (17,527 of them working shifts) and 21,300 women (11,281 of them working shifts). The relationship between shift work and obesity was examined, as well as its association with sex, age, social class, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviour, and unhealthy diet. Obesity showed higher prevalence and mean values among shift workers across all four formulas used (BMI obesity, WtHR high, CUN BAE obesity, METS-VF high). All variables related to unhealthy lifestyle habits revealed a significantly greater prevalence among shift workers, with high statistical significance (p < 0.001). Age, sex, and social class affected the risk of obesity, with a greater prevalence observed in shift workers compared to non-shift workers (p < 0.001). Men had a higher risk than women, with an OR ranging from 1.17 (1.12-1.21) for BMI obesity to 7.45 (6.71-8.20) for METS-VF high. Shift workers exhibit a higher prevalence of obesity and unhealthy lifestyle habits, with men at greater risk. The variables that most significantly increase the risk of obesity include age, physical inactivity, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and alcohol consumption.

The Perceived Benefits of Internationalization of On-The-Job Training in the Hospitality Management Program of Philippine College Foundation

This study investigates the perceived benefits of the internationalization of On-the-Job Training (OJT) among Hospitality Management students at the Philippine College Foundation in Valencia City for the school year 2023-2024. The findings address three specific questions regarding the level of internationalization in OJT, the perceived benefits of this internationalization, and the relationship between the level of internationalization and perceived benefits. The analysis reveals that students rated all sub-variables of internationalization—cultural competence, professional skills, career readiness, language skills, and networking opportunities—very positively, indicating a strong consensus on the significant enhancement of their competencies through OJT experiences. In terms of perceived benefits, students expressed strong agreement on areas such as global perspective, cultural competence, and enhanced skills, with a robust overall perception of the positive impact of internationalization on their skills and professional readiness. However, networking opportunities received a more moderate acknowledgment. Correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive relationships between the level of internationalization in OJT and the perceived benefits experienced by students, with all correlations exhibiting high statistical significance. These findings underscore the essential role of internationalization in enhancing the educational experiences and professional readiness of students in the hospitality field.

Depression in patients with chronic otolaryngology symptoms – A vicious cycle

BackgroundDepression is a common comorbidity among individuals with otolaryngologic disorders, particularly those with longstanding conditions. This study aims at analysing the sociodemographic profile of depressive disorders in patients with chronic otolaryngology symptoms or conditions, and the correlation with PHQ-9 score.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on a hundred patients presenting to the outpatient department with chronic otolaryngology symptoms or conditions. They were requested to fill in the PHQ-9 questionnaire, containing questions based on the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) for major depressive disorder (MDD).ResultsMedian age was 39, male: female ratio was 1.17. Nasal obstruction (29%), ear discharge (25%), and headache (17%) were the common presenting complaints. Mean and median PHQ-9 scores were 5.03 and 4 respectively. Seven patients (7%) had MDD, while eleven (11%) had other depressive disorder; 9% of cases were found to have no significant otolaryngologic problem despite presenting with symptoms, two of which were found to have depressive disorder. Thirty-five (35%) and thirty-six (36%) patients had minimal and mild depressive symptoms respectively, while one (1%) had severe depressive symptoms. Statistical significance was noted for the duration of symptoms (p-value 0.005); high statistical significance was found for occupation and otolaryngology diagnosis (p-value < 0.001 each). PHQ-9 score showed statistical significance in comparison with gender and duration of symptoms (p-value 0.046 and 0.005 respectively). Correlation of severity of depressive disorder revealed statistical significance with gender (p-value 0.049) and high statistical significance with duration of symptoms (p-value < 0.001).ConclusionChronic otolaryngology conditions are associated with significant morbidity, attributable to longstanding disturbing symptoms and prolonged treatment protocols, leading to depression. Nevertheless, depression in chronic otolaryngology disorders may aggravate or overlap the clinical symptoms or may go undetected. Hence it may be worthwhile to evaluate for depressive disorders in chronic patients presenting to otolaryngology.

Identification of a 5-Plex Cytokine Signature that Differentiates Patients with Multiple Systemic Inflammatory Diseases.

Patients with non-infectious systemic inflammation may suffer from one of many diseases, including hyperinflammation (HI), autoinflammatory disorders (AID), and systemic autoimmune disease (AI). Despite their clinical overlap, the pathophysiology and patient management differ between these disorders. We aimed to investigate blood biomarkers able to discriminate between patient groups. We included 44 patients with active clinical and/or genetic systemic inflammatory disease (9 HI, 27 AID, 8 systemic AI) and 16 healthy controls. We quantified 55 serum proteins and combined multiple machine learning algorithms to identify five proteins (CCL26, CXCL10, ICAM-1, IL-27, and SAA) that maximally separated patient groups. High ICAM-1 was associated with HI. AID was characterized by an increase in SAA and decrease in CXCL10 levels. A trend for higher CXCL10 and statistically lower SAA was observed in patients with systemic AI. Principal component analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering confirmed separation of disease groups. Logistic regression modelling revealed a high statistical significance for HI (P = 0.001), AID, and systemic AI (P < 0.0001). Predictive accuracy was excellent for systemic AI (AUC 0.94) and AID (0.91) and good for HI (0.81). Further research is needed to validate findings in a larger prospective cohort. Results will contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory disorders and can improve diagnosis and patient management.

Exploring lipidomic profiles and their correlation with hormone receptor and HER2 status in breast cancer.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism promotes the progression of various cancer types, including breast cancer. The present study aimed to explore the lipidomic profiles of patients with breast cancer, providing insights into the correlation between lipid compositions and tumor subtypes characterized by hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. Briefly, 30 patients with breast cancer were categorized into four groups based on their HR and HER2 status: HR+ no HER2 expression (HER2-0), HR+ HER2-low; HR+ HER2-positive (pos) and HR- HER2-pos. The lipidomic profiles of these patients were analyzed using high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data were processed through principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest (RF) classification to assess the lipidomic variations and significant lipid features among these groups. The profiles of the lipids, particularly triglycerides (TG) such as TG(16:0-18:1-18:1)+NH4, were significantly different across the groups. PCA and PLS-DA identified unique lipid profiles in the HR+ HER2-pos and HR+ HER2-0 groups, while RF highlighted phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate(21:2)+NH4 as a crucial lipid feature for accurate patient grouping. Advanced statistical analysis showed significant correlations between lipid carbon chain length and the number of double bonds within the classifications, providing insights into the role of structural lipid properties in tumor biology. Additionally, a clustering heatmap and network analysis indicated significant lipid-lipid interactions. Pathway enrichment analysis showed critical biological pathways, such as the 'Assembly of active LPL and LIPC lipase complexes', which has high enrichment ratio and statistical significance. In conclusion, the present study underscored that lipidomic profiling is crucial in understanding the metabolic alterations associated with different breast cancer subtypes. These findings highlighted specific lipid features and interactions that may serve as potential biomarkers for breast cancer classification and target pathways for therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, advanced lipidomic analyses can be integrated to decipher complex biological data, offering a foundation for further research into the role of lipid metabolism in cancer progression.

The Effect of Occupational Therapy Intervention on Occupational Performance in the Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep disorder characterised by recurrent breathing interruptions during sleep, leading to significant health issues and impaired occupational performance. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of occupational therapy intervention program tailored for OSAS patients. Methods: A total of 23 participants (18 males and 5 females) diagnosed with OSAS were included in this prospective analytical study conducted over six months at a tertiary care hospital. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria, and their baseline and post-intervention assessments were performed using the Occupational Performance History Interview-II (OPHI-II). Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the significance of the results. Results: The mean age of participants was 51.96 years, with an average Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) of 39.87. Significant improvements were observed in occupational identity (pre-test: 25.08 ± 6.88; post-test: 30.78 ± 7.02), occupational competence (pre-test: 20.91 ± 6.37; post-test: 25.00 ± 6.65), and occupational setting (pre-test: 20.86 ± 6.00; post-test: 25.04 ± 6.58), with all p-values &lt; 0.001, indicating high statistical significance. Conclusion: The occupational therapy intervention program significantly enhanced the occupational performance and overall well-being of patients with OSAS. This study highlights the importance of integrating occupational therapy into the management of OSAS, particularly for patients facing barriers to conventional treatments. Future research should further explore the long-term effects and broader applications of such interventions.

Association between vitamin D levels with IL-6 and IL-10 in umbilical cord blood of infants

A worldwide issue, vitamin D deficiency affects pregnant mothers and babies everywhere, including Indonesia. It involves the adaptive immune system by controlling the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the balance between humoral (Th2) and cell-mediated (Th1) immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in infants. It also examined the relationship between ferritin and IL-6/IL-10 in newborns. The study collected 114 umbilical cord blood samples from term-born mothers without clinical symptoms. IL-6 and IL-10 were among the cytokine profiles measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SPSS was used for statistical analysis, and an in-silico investigation was carried out to examine the molecular relationships between vitamin D and IL-6/IL-10. Using the 20 ng/mL as the cut-off for vitamin D insufficiency suggested the insignificant association of vitamin D with IL-6 (p=0.42), IL-10 (p=0.76), and ferritin (p=0.47). When the umbilical cord vitamin D level was categorized into four quartiles, the association with the highest statistical significance (quartile 4 versus quartile 2) was observed for IL-6 (p&lt;0.001), IL-10 (p&lt;0.001), and ferritin (p&lt;0.001). However, the linear regression did not suggest the significant correlations of vitamin D with IL-6 (p=0.40) and IL-10 (p=0.45). A significant correlation based on the linear regression was found between ferritin and IL-10 (p=0.03). Molecular docking studies demonstrated binding affinities of -8.04 kcal/mol for IL-6-vitamin D and -8.53 kcal/mol for IL-10-vitamin D complexes, with stable root mean square deviation throughout the simulations. This study contributes valuable insights into the clinical and computational analysis of the relationship of vitamin D with IL-6 or IL-10.

Cryodehydration applied to bovine fetal hearts: A model for studying cardiac organogenesis.

The study aimed to standardize the cryodehydration technique for bovine fetal hearts, focusing on optimizing protocols for each developmental stage to preserve morphological characteristics. We analyzed 29 bovine fetal hearts categorized into early, middle, and late developmental stages. These hearts underwent cryodehydration until a 60%-70% reduction in original fluid volume was achieved. Biometric data were recorded and statistically analyzed using Pearson correlation tests for age versus weight and age versus number of cryodehydration sessions. Morphometric comparisons before and after cryodehydration were performed using paired t-tests. In Group I, hearts exhibited well-defined structures, including the atrium cordis, ventriculus cordis, auricula atrii, aorta, truncus pulmonalis, and ramus coronaries arteria, which were preserved in Groups II and III. Additionally, in Group I the heart had a conical or flat apex cordis, whereas those in Groups II and III had a more pronounced apex. The average number of cryodehydration sessions required was 9.38 (±1.2) days for Group I, 12.37 (±1.4) days for Group II, and 15 days for Group III. A positive correlation was found between age and sample weight, indicating that more developed hearts were heavier. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between gestational age and the number of cryodehydration sessions, suggesting that more advanced stages required more cryodehydration sessions. Paired t-tests demonstrated high statistical significance in the morphometric parameters before and after cryodehydration, indicating a loss of mass during dehydration. However, there was no alteration in the macroscopic structure of the hearts, which remained morphologically preserved. In conclusion, cryodehydration shows promise for preserving and analyzing the external morphological characteristics of bovine fetal cardiac development. It also provides lightweight, odorless, and easy-to-handle specimens ideal for detailed morphological studies and offers a unique perspective for investigating cardiac morphology in biological research contexts.

THE ADOPTION OF AI-DRIVEN CHATBOTS INTO A RECOMMENDATION FOR E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS TO TARGETED CUSTOMER IN THE SELECTION OF PRODUCT

The research looks into the Adoption of AI-Driven chatbots into a recommendation for E-Commerce systems to targeted customer in the selection of product, particularly their function in product selection and overall customer experience. The study is based on five assumptions: improved product selection accuracy, increased user happiness, influence on customer engagement and purchase decisions, enhanced user experience and retention rates, and effect on consumer trust. The findings show that AI-powered chatbots greatly improve product selection accuracy, with a regression weight of 0.693 and a beta coefficient of 0.480, representing a 48% improvement per unit of implementation. User satisfaction has also significantly improved, as evidenced by a regression weight of 0.897 and a beta coefficient of 0.840, both with high statistical significance. Chatbots have a favourable impact on consumer engagement and purchasing decisions, as indicated by substantial regression weights and beta coefficients for each variable. AI chatbots improve user experience and retention, as evidenced by high regression weights and R² values. Finally, chatbots improve customer trust, with a regression weight of 0.447 and a beta coefficient of 0.200. Overall, the study shows that AI-powered chatbots significantly increase several aspects of e-commerce, including product selection accuracy, user pleasure, engagement, retention, and trust.

Fusion of Raman and FTIR Spectroscopy Data Uncovers Physiological Changes Associated with Lung Cancer.

Due to the high mortality rate, more effective non-invasive diagnostic methods are still needed for lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, the integration of Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with advanced data-fusion techniques is investigated to improve the detection of lung cancer from human blood plasma samples. A high statistical significance was found for important protein-related oscillations, which are crucial for differentiating between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. The use of low-level data fusion and feature selection significantly improved model accuracy and emphasizes the importance of structural protein changes in cancer detection. Although other biomolecules such as carbohydrates and nucleic acids also contributed, proteins proved to be the decisive markers found using this technique. This research highlights the power of these combined spectroscopic methods to develop a non-invasive diagnostic tool for discriminating lung cancer from healthy state, with the potential to extend such studies to a variety of other diseases.

Comparative analysis of response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for predictive fault detection and optimization in beverage industry

Maintenance is crucial for ensuring equipment reliability and minimizing downtime while managing associated costs. This study investigates a data-driven approach to predicting machine faults using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). RSM was employed to develop a mathematical model to analyze how operational parameters such as pressure, voltage, current, vibration, and temperature affect fault occurrence. Data were collected at three levels for each parameter using a central composite design. The model identified that faults peaked at a pressure of 28.38 N/m2, an operating voltage of 431.77 V, current consumption of 12.54 A, machine vibration of 47.17 Hz, and temperature of 25°C, with a maximum of 25 faults observed. Conversely, the lowest fault detection occurred at a pressure of 29.42 N/m2, an operating voltage of 441.04 V, current consumption of 12.04 A, machine vibration of 49.46 Hz, and temperature of 46.5°C. A strong correlation was found between these parameters and machine faults, with the model achieving high accuracy (R2 = 98.22%) and statistical significance (p-value &amp;lt;0.05), demonstrating its reliability in predicting faults. The study also compared RSM with ANFIS for fault detection and process optimization in the beverage industry. While RSM effectively optimized parameter relationships, ANFIS, with its adaptive learning capabilities, provided superior fault prediction accuracy. This comparative analysis highlighted the strengths of both methods and suggested that integrating them could enhance predictive maintenance strategies. The findings offer valuable insights for industry practitioners, recommending a combined approach to improve fault detection, optimize production processes, and enhance operational efficiency.

Correlation Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Advanced Practice Physiotherapists' Assessment Findings in Diagnosing Lumbosacral Radiculopathy, and the Impact of Imaging Findings on Treatment Plans: A Retrospective Clinical Audit.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used by Advanced Practice Physiotherapists (APPs) to confirm the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy (LSR) and to exclude other spinal pathologies. There is evidence of correlation between Advanced Practice Physiotherapists' diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy and positive MRI findings, but there is limited evidence regarding the correlation between the full physiotherapy assessment and MRI findings. There are also conflicting evidence regarding the effect of MRI findings on treatment planning post-imaging. This study aims to examine the extent to which Advanced Practice Physiotherapists' diagnoses of lumbosacral radiculopathy correlate with those made after MRI, and to examine Advanced Practice Physiotherapists use of the local MRI referral pathway with respect to treatment plans, including testing correlation between pre-and post-MRI treatment plans. A cross-sectional, multi-centre, retrospective audit was conducted on 482 patients (276 female, 206 male) referred for lumbosacral MRI between January 2018 and December 2019. Non-linear regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships between diagnosis and treatment plans in LSR before and after MRI. The results show a significant positive correlation (p<0.001; R=0.196) between pre- and post-MRI diagnoses of lumbosacral radiculopathy. There was a significant positive correlation between pre- and post-MRI treatment plans for LSR (p=0.001; R=0.159). On comparison of pre- and post-MRI diagnoses of LSR, there is a weak positive correlation with high statistical significance (p<0.001; R=0.196). Reliability, tested using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) across the four categories, was (p=0.041; R=0.033). This shows a weak positive correlation with statistical significance. Advanced Practice Physiotherapists can confidently diagnose and treat lumbosacral radiculopathy following initial assessment, although a minority of referrals lack a clear or appropriate treatment plan.

Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses

Background and Aims: Fish oil and krill oil are primary sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), differing in their molecular forms and bioavailability. Understanding these differences can optimize their therapeutic use. This study aims to compare the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs in fish oil and krill oil using a network meta-analysis approach. By evaluating various molecular forms and dosages, the study seeks to identify the most effective Omega-3 sources and dosing regimens to maximize health benefits.Methods: The study adhered to the explanation of the PRISMA network meta-analysis 2015 (registered PROSPERO ID: CRD42024532536). The risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale. This network meta-analysis incorporated data from studies published between 2003 and 2023, sourced from five databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-World Health Organization, and Embase. Statistical analysis was conducted using advanced models in R software to ensure a rigorous evaluation of bioavailability.Results: Out of 26 high-quality studies, findings reveal superior bioavailability of krill oil compared to fish oil. Specifically, fish oil above 3000 mg, in re-esterified triacylglycerol or ethyl ester formulations (100–2900 mg), and krill oil (100–1900 mg) significantly enhanced the Omega-3 index. At lower dosages (under 2000 mg), krill oil shows superior Omega-3 absorption compared to fish oil. Using fish oil ethyl ester at doses between 2000 and 2900 mg may be the most effective for reducing Tmax. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity and limited statistical significance. The highest AUC values were observed in krill oil phospholipid/free fatty acid formulation. Emulsion forms of fish oil are more effective in increasing Cmax than other formulations. These results were supported by robust statistical evidence (Egger's test, p > 0.05), highlighting the effectiveness of specific formulations and doses in optimizing Omega-3 absorption.Conclusion: The research highlights the importance of understanding the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs from fish oil and krill oil. The findings suggest that low-dose krill oil and fish oil emulsions (under 2000 mg) are effective and potentially safer alternatives to high-dose fish oil, potentially minimizing the risk of adverse effects.

Deep-water ambient sound over the Atlantis II seamounts in the Northwest Atlantica).

Ambient sound was continuously recorded for 52 days by three synchronized, single-hydrophone, near-bottom receivers. The receivers were moored at depths of 2573, 2994, and 4443 m on flanks and in a trough between the edifices of the Atlantis II seamounts. The data reveal the power spectra and intermittency of the ambient sound intensity in a 13-octave frequency band from 0.5 to 4000 Hz. Statistical distribution of sound intensity exhibits much heavier tails than in the expected exponential intensity distribution throughout the frequency band of observations. It is established with high statistical significance that the data are incompatible with the common assumption of normally distributed ambient noise in deep water. Spatial variability of the observed ambient sound appears to be controlled by the seafloor properties, bathymetric shadowing, and nonuniform distribution of the noise sources on the sea surface. Temporal variability of ambient sound is dominated by changes in the wind speed and the position of the Gulf Stream relative to the experiment site. Ambient sound intensity increases by 4-10 dB when the Gulf Stream axis is within 25 km from the receivers. The sound intensification is attributed to the effect of the Gulf Stream current on surface wave breaking.

Serum CXCL10 in Clinical and Subclinical Psoriatic Arthritis

Abstract Aim of the Work To measure CXCL10 serum level to assess its role in Psoriatic disease. Patients and Methods 45 female adult Egyptian patients with psoriatic disease were classified into 3 equal groups: PsA, subclinical PsA, and psoriasis. Full clinical assessment and laboratory investigations were done including Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI), PsA disease activity score (DAPSA), MAdrid Sonographic Enthesitis Index (MASEI), and serum CXCL10. Results PsA patients had higher HAQ scores with high statistical significant differences compared to the other two groups. PsA patients had higher LEI compared to subclinical PsA patients with a statistical significant difference and to psoriasis patients with a high statistical significant difference. Subclinical PsA patients had higher LEI compared to psoriasis patients with a statistical significant difference. PsA patients had higher CXCL10 compared to the other 2 groups (median: 243.2 (211.2 – 415.4)). CXCL10 could detect the possibility of PsA development among subclinical PsA patients (cut-off &amp;gt;151 ng/l, sensitivity: 93.33% and specificity: 86.67%) and psoriasis patients (cut-off &amp;gt;95.5 ng/l, sensitivity, and specificity: 93.33%). CXCL10 is positively correlated with MASEI with high statistical significance in subclinical PsA and psoriasis groups and positively correlated with PASI with statistical significance in subclinical PsA group. Conclusion CXCL10 could be used to detect the possibility of PsA development among subclinical PsA and psoriasis patients. Musculoskeletal US is a screening tool to detect enthesitis in psoriasis patients.

Role of Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) Together with Diffusing Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) and High-Resolution Computed Tomography for the Chest in Early Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases

Abstract Background Connective Tissue Diseases (CTDs) are systemic autoimmune conditions characterized by frequent lung involvement. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe pulmonary complication in CTD and associated with significant increased morbidity and mortality, so early detection of ILD is essential. Aim of the Work To find the best modality for early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in patients with connective tissue disorders by using DLCO, impulse oscillometry and HRCT chest. Patients and Methods This observational, analytical and cross sectional study was conducted upon 60 patients whom were diagnosed as connective tissue disease during the period from march 2022 to march 2023 who were admitted to chest and rheumatology department or outpatient clinics visitors, to Ain Shams University Hospitals. Results regarding our results, there was high statistical significance between DLCO and IOS (Best x5). Sensitivity and specificity of Diffusion lung of CO2; DLCO score in prediction of outcome in CT Chest Findings showing significance in DLCO score; p = 0.024 with CI ranged between 53.9-81.4% and sensitivity 67.6%. Sensitivity and specificity of the impulse oscillation method; R5, R20,and Best-X5 score in prediction of outcome in CT Chest Findings. Showing no significance in all with sensitivity 50.2%, 46.1%, 43.4% and 57.5% respectively Conclusion ILD should always be considered in patients with CTD. Diagnosis of CTD-ILD is challenging so Early diagnosis of ILD using DLCO, HRCT chest or by using IOS is important as it could affect therapy plans.