High-speed Target Tracking Research Articles

High-speed target tracking control system based on short-time rotational reflection imaging.

High-speed tracking technology has wide applications in the military and aerospace industry. However, existing approaches, such as camera arrays or Doppler radar systems, suffer from high cost and inconvenience. This paper reports a high-speed target tracking control system based on short-time rotational reflection imaging, specifically aimed at overcoming certain limitations. In the system we designed, a high-speed camera coupled with a rotating reflector is used to achieve reliable high-speed target tracking. This paper first introduces the working principle and mathematical model of the system, then analyzes the key technologies, including motor response delay time and rotational speed curve fitting, and, finally, verifies the feasibility of the system and the correctness of the theory based on a series of experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that our work is efficient and accurate in target tracking and image clarity. The developed system demonstrates significant potential for widespread use across military and aerospace sectors. Furthermore, the insights gained from our investigation into key technologies could act as a reference point for fellow researchers in related scientific areas.

High-Speed Target Tracking Method for Compact HF Radar

High-Speed Target Tracking Method for Compact HF Radar

Pulse Image Sensor-Based High-Precision and High-Speed Target Tracking

Pulse Image Sensor-Based High-Precision and High-Speed Target Tracking

The study of specific features of high-speed target tracking

The paper is devoted to the study of stability and accuracy of high-speed manoeuvring target tracking.

A Design Method of Image Sonar

By analyzing the underwater high-speed target tracking and positioning, image sonar was determined as the solution. An image sonar system is constructed. According to the functions of each part of the image sonar, the transducer array, receiver, transmitter and image generation signal processing software are designed. According to the difficulties in the construction of the image sonar system, emphatically introduces the design of the transducer array and receiver. According to the principle of image sonar, designed by 128 piezoelectric ceramic elements joining together, form a circular receiving transducer array. The characteristics of image sonar receiver are multi-channel synchronous receiving and acquisition, high frequency and large amount of data. According to these characteristics, the analog front-end chip and FPGA are adopted as the core for the design. It realizes signal synchronous acquisition, orthogonal filtering, storage and Gigabit Ethernet communication functions. A computer platform is used for beamforming signal processing. It implements data read, phase-shift beamforming and matched filtering, and other functions. By integrating the above hardware and software functions, an underwater high-speed target tracking and positioning systemis formed.

Target Tracking of Moving and Rotating Object by High-Speed Monocular Active Vision

In recent years, the importance of measuring the three-dimensional position and orientation of manipulation targets in robot systems has been increasing. There is great demand to integrate robots with high-frame-rate vision systems to improve the working efficiency. A number of high-speed vision systems have been developed for high-frame-rate visual feedback. In this study, we focus on high-speed target tracking of both 3D position and orientation using only a monocular camera. This is a lightweight, low-cost solution for many fields, such as surgical navigation and drone avoidance. We modified the pixel-wise posterior 3D (PWP3D) framework and proposed a fast-PWP3D algorithm for high-speed target tracking and pose estimation. Unlike the original PWP3D method, our method improved the tracking speed (our current implementation runs at 400 Hz on a GPU board), and we showed that the tracking accuracy against changes in the environment (e.g., partial occlusion) was improved compared with the original PWP3D algorithm. By combining the fast-PWP3D algorithm with a visual servoing controller, we realized 500 Hz target tracking of both 3D position and orientation.

High-speed target tracking system based on multi-interconnection heterogeneous processor and multi-descriptor algorithm

High-speed target tracking system based on multi-interconnection heterogeneous processor and multi-descriptor algorithm

High-speed Target Tracking Using Deep Learning

This paper proposes an intelligent and fast tracking method for robust trackability against appearance changes that hybridizes a correlation-based tracking algorithm operating at hundreds of fps with a deep-learning-based recognition algorithm at dozens of fps. A prototype of intelligent mechanical tracking system was developed by implementing our hybridized tracking algorithm on a 500-fps vision platform, and a complex-shape target can be robustly tracked at the center of the camera view in real time by controlling a pan-tilt active vision system with 500 Hz visual feedback. Its performance was verified by showing experimental results for a pre-learned object, which was quickly manipulated by human hand in complicated background.

High-Speed Target Tracking System Based on a Hierarchical Parallel Vision Processor and Gray-Level LBP Algorithm

Visual target tracking has made significant advances in past decades. However, fast and robust vision target tracking systems are still greatly demanded. This paper proposes a novel high-speed target tracking system based on hierarchical parallel vision processor architecture. This system contains three main parts: 1) a CMOS image sensor; 2) a vision processor; and 3) an actuator with two degrees of freedom. The vision processor integrates a pixel-parallel processing element (PE) array, a row-parallel row processor (RP) array, dual-core microprocessor unit (MPU) and motor controller. The PE array and RP array can speed up low-level and middle-level image processing operations by ${O(M^{2})}$ and ${O}$ ( ${M}$ ), respectively. The MPU is responsible for the high-level image processing and the overall chip management. A novel tracking algorithm based on a gray-level local binary pattern descriptor is proposed. The descriptor describes not only local texture feature but also distribution of luminance. The algorithm increases the robustness of the tracking system under low resolution scenery and complex background. It can be carried out by the vision processor with very high efficiency. Experiment results demonstrate that the system can track a fast moving target under complex conditions and the vision processor can achieve over 2000 frames/s processing speed of the target tracking algorithm with $ {750\times 480}$ image resolution.

High-Speed Target Tracking Using Vibration-Based Image Features

In this paper, we propose a novel concept for the real-time target tracking of vibrating objects to extract vibration image regions using band-pass digital filters at all the pixels in an image, assuming that significant periodic changes in image intensities exist at pixels around vibrating objects. By combining vibration-based image processing with color feature extraction as a masking process, our algorithm can prevent the latency effect on a digital filter, which may degrade its tracking performance. Band-pass digital filters at a pixel level are actually implemented on a 1000-fps real-time vision system that can measure vibration distribution over a wide range of frequencies. By using our target tracking system, we can continuosly track a vibrating object at the center of the camera view by controlling a 2-axis active vision system with vibration-based image features.

A 1,000 Frames/s Programmable Vision Chip with Variable Resolution and Row-Pixel-Mixed Parallel Image Processors

A programmable vision chip with variable resolution and row-pixel-mixed parallel image processors is presented. The chip consists of a CMOS sensor array, with row-parallel 6-bit Algorithmic ADCs, row-parallel gray-scale image processors, pixel-parallel SIMD Processing Element (PE) array, and instruction controller. The resolution of the image in the chip is variable: high resolution for a focused area and low resolution for general view. It implements gray-scale and binary mathematical morphology algorithms in series to carry out low-level and mid-level image processing and sends out features of the image for various applications. It can perform image processing at over 1,000 frames/s (fps). A prototype chip with 64 × 64 pixels resolution and 6-bit gray-scale image is fabricated in 0.18 μm Standard CMOS process. The area size of chip is 1.5 mm × 3.5 mm. Each pixel size is 9.5 μm × 9.5 μm and each processing element size is 23 μm × 29 μm. The experiment results demonstrate that the chip can perform low-level and mid-level image processing and it can be applied in the real-time vision applications, such as high speed target tracking.

윤곽 검출용 CMOS 시각칩을 이용한 물체 추적 시스템 요소 기술 연구

In a conventional camera system, a target tracking system consists of a camera part and a image processing part. However, in the field of the real time image processing, the vision chip for edge detection which was made by imitating the algorithm of humanis retina is superior to the conventional digital image processing systems because the human retina uses the parallel information processing method. In this paper, we present a high speed target tracking system using the function of the CMOS vision chip for edge detection.

High-speed target tracking by fuzzy hostility-induced segmentation of optical flow field

A time efficient technique for real-time tracking of high-speed objects in a video sequence is presented in this article. The technique is primarily based on the segmentation of the optical flow field computed between the successive image frames of a video sequence, followed by the tracking of a detected point of interest (POI) within the segmented flow field. In the initial phase of the technique, the optical flow field between the first two successive image frames acquired from a video sequence, is computed. A fuzzy hostility index indicative of the degree of coherence of the moving objects in the image frames, is used to segment the optical flow field. This yields different coherent regions of interest (ROIs) in the segmented flow field. A POI is then detected in the different ROIs obtained. Tracking of the moving object is then carried out by computing the flow fields between predefined ROIs in the neighborhood of the detected POI in the subsequent image frames. Since the selected ROIs are smaller than the image frames, a fair amount of reduction in the time required for the computation of the optical flow field is achieved, thereby facilitating real-time operation. An application of the proposed technique is demonstrated on three video sequences of high-speed flying fighter aircrafts.

A Novel Vision Chip for High-Speed Target Tracking

This paper presents a novel vision chip for high-speed target tracking. Two concise algorithms for high-speed target tracking are developed. The algorithms include some basic operations that can be used to process the real-time image information during target tracking. The vision chip is implemented that is based on the algorithms and a row-parallel architecture. A prototype chip has 64×64 pixels is fabricated by 0.35 µm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor transistor (CMOS) process with 4.5×2.5 mm2 area. It operates at a rate of 1000 frames per second with 10 MHz chip main clock. The experiment results demonstrate that a high-speed target can be tracked in complex static background and a high-speed target among other high-speed objects can be tracked in clean background.

A high-speed CMOS image sensor with profile data acquiring function

We have developed a Profile Imager aimed at high-speed automatic target tracking. The Profile Imager can perform both target tracking within a 512 /spl times/ 512-pixel entire image area and acquisition of partial images simultaneously and independently. Experimental results of capturing 128 /spl times/ 128-pixel partial images of an automobile license plate at 1620 frames/s are presented. In addition, results of integrating 89 partial images demonstrate the capability of the device as a high-speed, high-resolution, high-dynamic-range image tracker. A 0.6-/spl mu/m two-poly three-metal CMOS process is used to implement a 13.0 mm /spl times/ 14.3 mm imager.

Development of High-speed Target Tracking Vision Chip

Development of High-speed Target Tracking Vision Chip

A digital vision chip specialized for high-speed target tracking

This paper describes a new vision chip architecture for high-speed target tracking. The processing speed and the number of pixels are improved by hardware implementation of a special algorithm which utilizes a property of high-speed vision and introduction of bit-serial and cumulative summation circuits. As a result, 18 objects in a 128 /spl times/ 128 image can be tracked in 1 ms. Based on the architecture, a prototype chip has been developed; 64 /spl times/ 64 pixels are integrated in 7 mm square chip and the power consumption for obtaining the centroid of an object per every 1 ms is 112 mW. Some experiments are performed on the evaluation board which is developed for evaluation under the condition of actual operation. High-speed target tracking including multitarget tracking with collision and separation has successfully been achieved.

2P1-N4 高速対象追跡ビジョンチップの設計と試作(46. 知能ロボットシステム用高性能プロセッサ)

2P1-N4 高速対象追跡ビジョンチップの設計と試作(46. 知能ロボットシステム用高性能プロセッサ)

超並列・超高速ビジョンを用いた１ｍｓターゲットトラッキングシステム

It is obvious that visual servo systems have various applications for real time robot control. But most conventional vision systems have serious restriction on their performance, since those systems always use CCD cameras to acquire the images which transmitted by serial video signals. Therefore the sampling rate is limited by the video frame rate, and this restriction on the speed is quite insufficient to control of the robot.To solve this problem we have developed a massively parallel processing vision system called SPE-256 in which the photo-detectors and processing elements are directly connected. We have realized high speed visual feedback with 1ms cycle time.In this paper we describe our 1 ms visual feedback system and its performance in the application of high speed target tracking.