High Specific Capacitance Research Articles

The Lithium Storage Mechanism of Zero-Strain Anode Materials with Ultralong Cycle Lives.

At present, graphite is a widely used anode material in commercial lithium-ion batteries for its low cost, but the large volume expansion (about 10%) after fully lithiated makes the material prone to cracking and even surface stripping in the cycle. Therefore, the development of zero-strain anode materials (volume change <1%) is of great significance. LiAl5O8 is a zero-strain insertion anode material with a high theoretical specific capacity. However, the Li+ storage mechanism remains unclear, and the cycle life as well as fast-charging capability need to be greatly improved to meet the practical requirements. In this study, LiAl5O8 nanorods are prepared by utilizing aluminum ethoxide nanowires as a soft template and doped with the Zr element to further improve the Li+ diffusion coefficient and electronic conductivity, which in turn improves cycle and rate performances. The Zr-doped LiAl5O8 presents a high reversible capacity of 227.2 mAh g-1 after 20,000 cycles under 5 A g-1, which significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art anode materials. In addition, the Li+ storage mechanisms of LiAl5O8 and Zr-doped LiAl5O8 are clearly clarified with a variety of characterization techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance. This work greatly promotes the practical process of zero-strain insertion anode materials.

Laser-Scribed Battery Electrodes for Ultrafast Zinc-Ion Energy Storage.

Aqueous Zn batteries are promising for large-scale energy storage applications but are plagued by the lack of high-performance cathode materials that enable high specific capacity, ultrafast charging, and outstanding cycling stability. In this work, we design a laser-scribed nano-vanadium oxide (LNVO) cathode that can simultaneously achieve these properties. Our material stores charge through Faradaic redox reactions on/near the surface at fast rates owing to the small grain size (2-6nm) of vanadium oxide and interpenetrating three-dimensional (3D) graphene network, displaying a surface-controlled capacity contribution (90%-98%). Multiple characterization techniques unambiguously reveal that zinc and hydronium ions co-insert with minimal LNVO lattice change upon cycling. As a result, we demonstrate that a high specific capacity of 553 mAh g-1 can be achieved by the LNVO/Zn system at 0.1 A g-1 , and an impressive 264 mAh g-1 capacity can be retained at 100 A g-1 with a 10 s charge/discharge cycle, showing excellent rate capability. The LNVO/Zn is also capable of reaching >90% capacity retention after 3,000 cycles at a high rate of 30 A g-1, as well as achieving both high energy (369Wh kg-1) and power densities (56,306W kg-1). Moreover, the LNVO cathode retains its excellent cycling performance when integrated into quasi-solid-state pouch cells, further demonstrating mechanical stability and its potential for practical application in wearable and grid-scale applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Enhancing Capacitance of Carbon Cloth Electrodes via Highly Conformal PEDOT Coating Fabricated by the OCVD Method Utilizing SbCl5 Oxidant

AbstractCarbon cloth shows potential for flexible energy storage electrodes but encounters challenges such as low specific capacitance and limited wettability. This study addresses these limitations by fabricating a highly conformal coating of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around 3D carbon fibers via the oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) method, employing antimony pentachloride (SbCl5) as the oxidant. The oCVD stands out as a robust manufacturing technique for fabricating highly conformal conducting polymer films on porous structures, ensuring the preservation of geometric features and the maintenance of active sites for redox reactions. The resulting PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth electrodes exhibit improved pseudocapacitance and specific capacitance compared to their pristine counterparts. Particularly, oCVD PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth fabricated at various deposition temperatures exhibit a substantial 1.5‐ to 2.3‐fold enhancement in specific capacitance compared to pristine carbon cloth. The highest specific capacitance (170.94 F g⁻¹) is attained in the oCVD PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth fabricated at a deposition temperature of 80 °C, representing a 2.3‐fold enhancement over its pristine counterpart. The PEDOT‐coated carbon cloths demonstrate lower charge transfer resistance compared to their pristine counterparts, further confirming their superior electrochemical performance. This investigation highlights oCVD's effectiveness in fabricating highly conformal PEDOT coating on carbon cloth electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices.

Mussel-inspired, hydrophobic association-regulated hydrogel electrolytes with super-adhesive and self-healing properties for durable and flexible zinc-ion batteries

Quasi-solid-state gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) can overcome the limitations of aqueous electrolytes and offer unparalleled adaptability which is critical to flexible aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) for wearable electronics. However, the notorious Zn dendrites and inevitable interface delamination between electrodes and GPEs under mechanical deformation cause serious capacity fading or failure in AZIBs. Herein, highly adherable, strong, and self-healable GPEs constructed with physically crosslinked dopamine grafted sodium alginate and hydrophobic association network are designed to suppress Zn dendrite formation, reduce interfacial detachment, and maintain the electrochemical performance of flexible AZIBs during serious mechanical manipulations. The resulting GPE demonstrates outstanding attributes including high mechanical strength (382 kPa), good interfacial adhesion (80 kPa), exceptional ionic conductivity (32.3 mS cm−1), and desired self-healing efficiency (72.4 % after 5th breaking-healing cycle). Consequently, the assembled Zn//Zn cells achieve an improved cycling lifespan of over 2000 h at 2.0 mA cm−2. The assembled Zn//MnO2 batteries exhibit a high specific capacity of 290 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and ultrahigh capacity retention of 91 % after 4000 cycles at 4 A g−1. Moreover, these flexible batteries maintain excellent performance under dynamic bending, twisting, and compressing, as well as remarkable reliability and self-healing ability, which are imperatively significant for practical applications.

High specific capacity microfluidic Al-air battery with the double-side reactive anode

The cotton-based microfluidic Al-air batteries automatically deliver the electrolyte by the capillary force, available as the power supply for microelectronic devices. However, among these Al-air batteries, only one side of the Al anode participates in anodic reactions, wasting the anode and decreasing the anodic utility. To address the issues and gain a compact battery, the cotton-based Al-air battery with the double-side reactive anode is presented. It is comprised of the two air-breathing cathodes, two cotton channels and one anode. This battery shows a high specific capacity of 2856 mA h g−1 at 10 mA cm−2 current density, corresponding to the anodic utility of 95.8 %. At 3.5 mg cm−2 catalyst loading and 4 mol L−1 NaOH, the battery performance is optimal, with the peak power density of 28.0 ± 0.1 mW cm−2 and the limiting current density of 81.0 ± 4.1 mA cm−2. To further simplify the battery, the electrolyte container and absorbent pad are removed, and the electrolyte is non-flowing. The peak power densities of the batteries with or without the flowing electrolytes are almost the same. Finally, the stacks connected from the two batteries in series with and without the flowing electrolytes can light 63 and 50 light-emitting diodes.

Lithium Pre-Storage Enables High Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Stable Lithium-Enriched Silicon/Graphite Anode.

Application of silicon-based anodes is significantly challenged by low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor cyclability. Traditional pre-lithiation reagents often pose safety concerns due to their unstable chemical nature. Achieving a balance between water-stability and high ICE in prelithiated silicon is a critical issue. Here, we present a lithium-enriched silicon/graphite material with an ultra-high ICE of ≥110 % through a high-stable lithium pre-storage methodology. Lithium pre-storage prepared a nano-drilled graphite material with surficial lithium functional groups, which can form chemical bonds with adjacent silicon during high-temperature sintering. This results in an unexpected O-Li-Si interaction, leading to in situ pre-lithiation of silicon nanoparticles and providing high stability in air and water. Additionally, the lithium-enriched silicon/graphite materials impart a combination of high ICE, high specific capacity (620 mAh g-1), and long cycling stability (>400 cycles). This study opens up a promising avenue for highly air- and water-stable silicon anode prelithiation methods.

Lithium Pre‐Storage Enables High Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Stable Lithium‐Enriched Silicon/Graphite Anode

AbstractApplication of silicon‐based anodes is significantly challenged by low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor cyclability. Traditional pre‐lithiation reagents often pose safety concerns due to their unstable chemical nature. Achieving a balance between water‐stability and high ICE in prelithiated silicon is a critical issue. Here, we present a lithium‐enriched silicon/graphite material with an ultra‐high ICE of ≥110 % through a high‐stable lithium pre‐storage methodology. Lithium pre‐storage prepared a nano‐drilled graphite material with surficial lithium functional groups, which can form chemical bonds with adjacent silicon during high‐temperature sintering. This results in an unexpected O−Li−Si interaction, leading to in situ pre‐lithiation of silicon nanoparticles and providing high stability in air and water. Additionally, the lithium‐enriched silicon/graphite materials impart a combination of high ICE, high specific capacity (620 mAh g−1), and long cycling stability (&gt;400 cycles). This study opens up a promising avenue for highly air‐ and water‐stable silicon anode prelithiation methods.

Synthesis of binder-free hydrated vanadium oxide-polyaniline electrodes via in situ polymerization for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Hydrated vanadium oxide, a kind of layered electrode material with high theoretical specific capacity, has great potential for developing high-performance, low-cost, and eco-friendly aqueous zinc-ion batteries. However, its characteristics of poor electronic conductivity, vanadium dissolution, and unstable structure lead to poor electrochemical performance, such as low specific capacity, poor rate performance and short cycle life. Combining PANI with layered hydrated vanadium oxide is expected to overcome the shortcomings and achieve high zinc storage performance. In this work, binder-free hydrated vanadium oxide-polyaniline inorganic–organic hybrid compounds deposited on carbon cloth (VOH-PANI/CC) are developed by combination of layer-by-layer and in-situ polymerization process. Benefiting from synergistic effect between polyaniline and hydrated vanadium pentoxide, the hybrid electrode (VOH-PANI/CC) delivers high capacities of 290 mA h/g at 0.5 A/g and 165 mA h/g at 4 A/g. In contrast, the specific capacities of VOH/CC are only 185 and 70 mA h/g at 0.5 and 4 A/g, respectively. This in-situ polymerization of aniline via layer-by-layer strategy on hydrated vanadium oxide provides a novel synthesis scheme for the use of vanadium oxide as cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

High Selenium Loading in Vertically Aligned Porous Carbon Framework with Visualized Fast Kinetics for Enhanced Lithium/Sodium Storage

AbstractLithium/sodium–selenium (Li/Na–Se) batteries with high volumetric specific capacity are considered promising as next‐generation battery technologies. However, their practical application is hindered by challenges such as low Se loading in cathodes and the polyselenides shuttle effect. To address these challenges, a new Se host is introduced in the form of a free‐standing N, O co‐doped vertically aligned porous carbon framework decorated with a carbon nanotube forest (VCF‐CNTs), allowing for high mass loading of up to 16 mg cm−2. The low‐tortuosity Se@VCF‐CNTs architecture facilitates rapid lithiation/sodiation kinetics, while the CNT forests in vertical microchannels enhance efficient Se loading and serve as a multi‐layer fence to prevent undesired polyselenide shuttling. Consequently, the Se@VCF‐CNTs cathode displays a significant areal capacity of 10.3 mAh cm−2 at 0.1 C with a Se loading of 16 mg cm−2 for Li–Se batteries, exceeding that of commercial lithium ion batteries (4.0 mAh cm−2). In Na–Se batteries, the Se@VCF‐CNTs electrode with a Se loading of 5 mg cm−2 exhibits a discharge capacity of 436 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles, proving its consistent cycling performance. This study enriches the field of knowledge concerning high‐loading Se‐based battery systems, offering a promising avenue for enhancing energy density in the field.

Heterostructure CoSe2/Sb2Se3 nanocrystals embedded into nanocage-in-nanofiber carbon framework for ultralong-life sodium-ion batteries

Transition metal selenides are considered as one of the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) on account of their high theoretical specific capacity. However, the poor conductivity, sluggish kinetics and volume expansion during the (de)sodiation process hinder its application. Herein, a novel heterostructure of CoSe2/Sb2Se3 nanocrystals embedded into nanocage-in-nanofiber carbon framework is designed and constructed via electrospinning, carbonization, ion exchange and selenization processes. In this structure, bimetallic selenide heterostructure accelerates electron/ion transfer kinetics and Na+ adsorption capacity, carbon nanocages structure alleviates the volume expansion and maintains structural integrity during the (de)sodiation process, and carbon nanofibers connect the nanocages in series to shorten the electron transmission path and enhance electrical conductivity. As a self-supporting anode for SIBs, as-synthesized CoSe2/Sb2Se3@C@CNF shows a high reversible capacity of 406 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 after 200 cycles and displays excellent rate capability. More remarkably, the CoSe2/Sb2Se3@C@CNF anode manifests an outstanding cycling stability for over 2000 and 12,000 cycles at 1 and 5 A g-1, with the capacity retention being 97 % and 103 % respectively. Meanwhile, the excellent sodium storage performance is revealed by kinetic analysis, energy level analysis and density functional theory calculations.

In Situ Self-Assembly of Nitrogen-Doped 3D Flower-like Hierarchical Porous Carbon and Its Application for Supercapacitors.

The hierarchical porous carbon-based materials derived from biomass are beneficial for the enhancement of electrochemical performances in supercapacitors. Herein, we report the fabrication of nitrogen-doped 3D flower-like hierarchical porous carbon (NPC) assembled by nanosheets using a mixture of urea, ZnCl2, and starch via a low-temperature hydrothermal reaction and high-temperature carbonization process. As a consequence, the optimized mass ratio for the mixture is 2:2:2 and the temperature is 700 °C. The NPC structures are capable of electron transport and ion diffusion owing to their high specific surface area (1498.4 m2 g-1) and rich heteroatoms. Thereby, the resultant NPC electrodes display excellent capacitive performance, with a high specific capacitance of 249.7 F g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 and good cycling stability. Remarkably, this implies a superior energy density of 42.98 Wh kg-1 with a power density of 7500 W kg-1 in organic electrolyte for the symmetrical supercapacitor. This result verifies the good performance of as-synthesized carbon materials in capacitive energy storage applications, which is inseparable from the hierarchical porous features of the materials.

Construction of an Axial Charge Transfer Channel Between Single-Atom Fe Sites and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Supports for Boosting Oxygen Reduction.

The introduction of axial-coordinated heteroatoms in Fe─N─C single-atom catalysts enables the significant enhancement of their oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance. However, the interaction relationship between the axial-coordinated heteroatoms and their carbon supports is still unclear. In this work, a gas phase surface treatment method is proposed to prepare a series of X─Fe─N─C (X = O, P, and S) single-atom catalysts with axial X-coordination on graphitic-N-rich carbon supports. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate the formation of an axial charge transfer channel between the graphitic-N-rich carbon supports and single-atom Fe sites by axial O atoms in O─Fe─N─C. As a result, the O─Fe─N─C exhibits excellent ORR performance with a half-wave potential of 0.905V versus RHE and a high specific capacity of 884 mAh g-1 for zinc-air battery, which is superior to other X─Fe─N─C catalysts without axial charge transfer and the commercial Pt/C catalyst. This work not only demonstrates a general synthesis strategy for the preparation of single-atom catalysts with axial-coordinated heteroatoms, but also presents insights into the interaction between single-atom active sites and doped carbon supports.

Constructing an Interlaced Catalytic Surface via Fluorine-Doped Bimetallic Oxides for Oxygen Electrode Processes in Li-O2 Batteries.

Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries, renowned for their high theoretical energy density, have garnered significant interest as prime candidates for future electric device development. However, their actual capacity is often unsatisfactory due to the passivation of active sites by solid-phase discharge products. Optimizing the growth and storage of these products is a crucial step in advancing Li-O2 batteries. Here, a fluorine-doped bimetallic cobalt-nickel oxide (CoNiO2- xFx/CC) with an interlaced catalytic surface (ICS) and a corncob-like structure is proposed as an oxygen electrode. Unlike conventional oxide electrodes with a "single adsorption catalytic mechanism," the ICS of CoNiO2- xFx/CC offers a "competitive adsorption catalytic mechanism," where oxygen sites facilitate oxygen conversion while fluorine sites contribute to the growth of Li2O2. This results in a change in Li2O2 morphology from a surface film to toroidal particles, effectively preventingthe burial of active sites. Additionally, the unique open architecture aids in the capture and release of oxygen and the formation of well-contacted Li2O2/electrode interfaces, which benefits the complete decomposition of Li2O2 products. Consequently, the Li-O2 battery with a CoNiO2- xFx/CC cathode demonstrates a high specific capacity of up to 30923 mAh g-1 and a lifespan exceeding 580 cycles, surpassing most reported metal oxide-based cathodes.

High Safety Electrolyte Design for Enabling High Energy-Density System of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2//Phosphorus by Simultaneously Adjusting Dual Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces.

The demand for state-of-the-art high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries is increasing. However, the low specific capacity of electrode materials in conventional full-cell systems cannot meet the requirements. Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes such as Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 (NCM811) have a high theoretical specific capacity of 200 mAh g-1, but it is always accompanied by side reactions on the electrode/electrolyte interface. Phosphorus anode possesses a high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh g-1, but it has a huge volume expansion (≈300%). Herein, a highly compatible and secure electrolyte is reported via introducing an additive with a narrow electrochemical window, Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB), into 1m LiPF6 EC/DMC with tris (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFEP) as a cosolvent. LiDFOB participates in the formation of organic/inorganic hybrid electrode/electrolyte interface layers at both the cathode and anode sides. The side reactions on the surface of the NCM811 cathode and the volume expansion of the phosphorus anode are effectively alleviated. The NCM811//RP full cell in this electrolyte shows high capacity retention of 82% after 150 cycles at a 0.5C rate. Meanwhile, the electrolyte shows non-flammability. This work highlights the importance of manipulating the electrode/electrolyte interface layers for the design of lithium-ion batteries with high energy density.

Research Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of High Energy Density Aqueous Aluminum‐Ion Batteries: A Mini‐Review

Among emerging rechargeable batteries, rechargeable aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs) stand out for their high specific capacities and the abundance of aluminum, positioning them as an attractive electrochemical energy storage option. Despite the superior electrochemical performance of non‐aqueous AIBs, aqueous aluminum‐ion batteries (AAIBs) have garnered extensive research interest for their low cost and enhanced safety. Yet, realizing high energy density in AAIBs poses significant challenges. This article systematically reviews strategies and recent advancements in cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes aimed at achieving high energy density in AAIBs. It concludes with a forward‐looking perspective on the design of AAIBs with high energy density and prolonged cycle life, highlighting promising directions for future researches.

Investigating and optimizing the variation of selenium infused MoS2 as electrode material for supercapacitor applications

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been immensely explored for its potential usage in energy storage applications owing to its high theoretical specific capacitance and layered structure. Here, we have investigated the effect of selenium addition in MoS2 forming MoS2(1-x)Se2x alloys and studied their electrochemical performance. Selenization was performed through a simple hydrothermal method. The electrochemical performance of MoS1Se1 was evaluated in a two-electrode configuration. The selenization is found to improve the electrochemical performance of MoS2 and the MoS1Se1 alloy with the optimal S (sulfur) to Se (selenium) ratio of 1:1 exhibits an excellent areal capacitance of 2629.45 mF/cm2 at 1 mA/cm2, with an appreciable specific capacitance of 266.51 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g and excellent cycle stability of 81.64 % after 6000 cycles. Along with the experimental findings, Density functional theory calculations were also performed, revealing that the electronic properties of MoSSe systems can be tuned by varying the ratio of S and Se.

Enhanced zinc ions storage performance of Mn2O3/Mn3O4/NiMn2O4 composite cathode material synthesized by a thermal decomposition method

Constructing multi-phase composite (heterostructure) materials has proved to be an effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. Herein, a novel ternary Mn2O3/Mn3O4/NiMn2O4 composite is synthesized by a facile thermal decomposition method. Benefiting from the synergistic effect and rich oxygen defects, this composite shows high specific capacity of 646 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and maintains a specific capacity of 185 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1, much better than that of binary Mn2O3/Mn3O4. This work reports a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Polycrystalline secondary particle size regulation boosts the cycle performance of ultra-high-nickel layered oxide cathode materials

The ultra-high-nickel layered oxide cathodes of LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM, and x ≥ 0.9) have been considered promising candidates to meet the growing demand for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high specific capacity. However, their capacity retention tends to be low in practical applications due to the instability of their structure during charge and discharge cycles. Herein, a strategy for regulating secondary particle size is put forward to alleviate the crystal volume change and suppress the H2-H3 phase transitions, ultimately stabilizing the structure against microcrack development and improving the cycle performance of the ultra-high-nickel layered oxide cathodes. The results show that LiNi0.90Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90) with a D50 of 8.6 μm (NCM90–9) exhibits the optimum electrochemical performance compared to its counterparts, which delivers a high cycling stability (91.86 % capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.5 C) and a good rate performance (127.3 mAh·g-1 at 6 C). The superior performance of NCM90–9 is attributed to the suppression of microcracks within secondary particles and parasitic reactions with the electrolyte, which are determined by its secondary particle size. This result provides valuable guidelines for the development of ultra-high-nickel layered oxide cathodes.

Nickel Disulfide (NiS2): A Sustainable Low‐Cost Electrode Material for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

In the family of transition metal sulfides, nickel disulfide (NiS2) received significant attention in the recent past, particularly as an electrode‐active material for supercapacitors due to its high specific capacitance, high power density, long cyclic stability, and low cost. A detailed overview on the supercapacitor applications of NiS2 is lacking in the literature. In this review article, the unique features of NiS2 in terms of its various methods of synthesis, characterizations, and electrochemical performance evaluations are described. This review provides an in‐depth understanding on the unique properties of ultrathin nanostructured NiS2 such as structural properties, electronic properties, optical properties, and so on. Later, the various methods of synthesis including hydrothermal method, solvothermal method, solvent‐free approach, and so on are reviewed. Further, the strategies are discussed to improve the electrochemical performance of NiS2 by preparing hybrids or nanocomposites with other types of electrode‐active materials. The influence of electrode nanostructure and surface morphology on the charge storage is discussed with the help of specific examples. Furthermore, the potential challenges and future perspectives of NiS2 for commercial supercapacitors are examined. This review proclaims the development of novel approaches and strategies for the effective utilization of NiS2‐based electrodes for high‐performance low‐cost supercapacitors.

A porphyrin-functionalized conjugated microporous polymer coating for stable dendritic-free aqueous zinc ion batteries

In this paper, a multifunctional porphyrin-functionalized conjugated microporous polymer (ZnTAPP-TFTA) coating was prepared to achieve a stable dendritic-free Zn anode. The chemical structure of ZnTAPP-TFTA is rich in F and N elements. Through the interaction with Zn2+ ions, the transfer kinetics of Zn2+ ion are improved, the two-dimensional diffusion of Zn2+ ion is limited, and the rapid desolvation of hydrated Zn2+ ion is promoted, which not only inhibits the generation of hydrogen evolution reaction and inert by-products, but also induces uniform Zn deposition. Therefore, the ZnTAPP-TFTA@Zn symmetric cell exhibits a stable cycle life of 1100 h in comparison to the bare Zn symmetric cell. In addition, the ZnTAPP-TFTA@Zn//Cu asymmetric cell can maintain a coulombic efficiency of 98.7 % after cycling for 800 h. What’s more, the full battery assembled with NH4V4O10 cathode has higher specific capacity and excellent cycle stability. The strategy of realizing dendritic-free Zn anode by constructing functionalized CMPs points out a new way for the study of stable AZIBs.