High Glucose Sensitivity Research Articles

Spinel sub-stoichiometric CuxCoyO4 nano-wire framework thin-film electrode for enhanced electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing of glucose

Spinel sub-stoichiometric CuxCoyO4 nano-wire framework thin-films were fabricated for the electrochemical glucose biosensors by hydrothermal-annealing process. Developed CuxCoyO4 nano-wire framework thin-films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The results confirmed well-established nano-wire sub-stoichiometric CuxCoyO4 framework with high specific surface area and abundant electro-active sites and channels for ions transfer. The average CuxCoyO4 nano-wire was ∼40 nm in diameter and more than 1 μm in length. In electrochemical non-enzymatic biosensor, the CuxCoyO4 electrode has demonstrated superior glucose detection capabilities including high glucose sensitivity of 13291.7 μA mM−1 cm−2, one of the fastest response time (less than 0.5 s), excellent selectivity in serum and detection limit as low as 1.36 μM. More importantly, the outstanding electro-catalytic performance and relatively simple synthesis method makes this spinel CuxCoyO4 nano-wire framework promising for sustainable improvement of electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensing.

MOF derived Co3O4/N-doped carbon nanotubes hybrids as efficient catalysts for sensitive detection of H2O2 and glucose

Developing enzyme-free sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity for H2O2 and glucose is highly desirable for biological science. Especially, it is attractive to exploit noble-metal-free nanomaterials with large surface area and good conductivity as highly active and selective catalysts for molecular detection in enzyme-free sensors. Herein, we successfully fabricate hollow frameworks of Co3O4/N-doped carbon nanotubes (Co3O4/NCNTs) hybrids by the pyrolysis of metal-organic frameworks followed by calcination in the air. The as-prepared novel hollow Co3O4/NCNTs hybrids exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for H2O2 reduction in neutral solutions and glucose oxidation in alkaline solutions. As sensor electrode, the Co3O4/NCNTs show excellent non-enzymatic sensing ability towards H2O2 response with a sensitivity of 87.40μA (mmol/L)−1cm−2, a linear range of 5.00μmol/L–11.00mmol/L, and a detection limitation of 1μmol/L in H2O2 detection, and a good glucose detection performance with 5μmol/L. These excellent electrochemical performances endow the hollow Co3O4/NCNTs as promising alternative to enzymes in the biological applications.

Noninvasive in vivo glucose detection in human finger interstitial fluid using wavelength-modulated differential photothermal radiometry.

We present a noninvasive and noncontacting biosensor using Wavelength Modulated Differential Photothermal Radiometry (WM-DPTR) to monitor blood glucose concentration (BGC) through interstitial fluid (ISF) probing in human middle fingers. WM-DPTR works in the interference-free mid-infrared range with differential wavelengths at the peak and baseline of the fundamental glucose molecule absorption band, giving rise to high glucose sensitivity and specificity. In vivo WM-DPTR measurements and simultaneous finger pricking BGC reference measurements were performed on diabetic and nondiabetic volunteers during oral glucose tolerance testing. The measurement results demonstrated high resolution and large dynamic range (~80 deg) change in phase signal in the normal-to-hyperglycemia BGC range (5 mmol/L to higher than 33.2 mmol/L), which were supported by negative control measurements. The immunity to temperature variation of WM-DPTR yields precise and accurate noninvasive glucose measurements in the ISF.

Chemoselectivity of Pristine Cellulose Nanocrystal Films Driven by Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interactions.

Biological photonic nanostructures comprising a hierarchically self-assembled cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) have been exploited for the development of sensing, optoelectronics, and energy materials. Although multiple techniques are used for controlling the optical response and chiral nematic structure of CNC-derived materials, the presence of external studies that pristine CNC has chemoselectivity is not yet reported to implement this destination. Here, we report that the CNC film without modification shows a high optical sensitivity for glucose through color variation from blue to red. Moreover, various glucose homologs or analogs that only differ in terms of the orientation of a hydroxyl group are selectively distinguished through the naked eye. The excellent chemoselectivity of CNC is attributed to carbohydrate-carbohydrate selective hydrogen-bonding interactions. Close binding with glucose induces the rearrangement of a CNC chain and strengthens the repulsive interaction, thus increasing the helical pitch of the chiral nematic structure of the CNC film and changing its macroscopic color. This CNC chemoselectivity presents an unprecedented control of chiral nematic mesoporous carbon through monosaccharide species. The results provide a simple but highly efficient method to tune the optical and structural properties of CNC nanomaterials and to apply them for practical biosensors, chiral separation, and energy applications.

Alleviating concentration polarization: a micro three-electrode interdigitated glucose sensor based on nanoporous gold from a mild process.

Precisely detecting the concentration of glucose in the human body is an attractive way to prevent or diagnose diabetes. Compared with the traditional enzyme-based electrochemical glucose sensors, the non-enzymatic ones have gradually come to people's attention recently. By integrating three electrodes into one device, glucose sensors can achieve superior performance and are convenient to carry. Herein, a non-enzymatic three-electrode interdigitated glucose sensor (TEIDGS) based on nanoporous gold is designed and fabricated. To our best knowledge, it is the first time that interdigitated electrodes are combined in a single non-enzymatic glucose sensor device. Due to the advantage of the interdigitated structure and the smart design of the three-electrode circuit board, the TEIDGS can effectively reduce concentration polarization and achieve a high detective sensitivity for glucose of 1217 μA mM−1 cm−2 and 343 μA mM−1 cm−2 in the ranges of 0.001–0.590 mM and 0.59–7.00 mM, respectively. Moreover, a low detection limit of 390 nM can be reached. In addition, this TEIDGS possesses excellent selectivity for glucose among other interferents. Strikingly, after three weeks of operation, it can still retain a high detection performance. This work will certainly provide an efficient structure and proper catalytic material choice for future non-enzymatic glucose sensors.

(Invited) Biomolecule Immobilization By Electrogenerated Polymers for Biosensing Applications

For four decades, the development of biointerfaces has been the subject of increasing research efforts in the field of biosensors and energy conversion. In particular, the functionalization of electrodes by biomaterials based on electrogenerated polymers and / or carbon nanotubes or graphene is widely used for the design of biosensors and biofuel cells. These nano-objects were successfully functionalized by electropolymerization of pyrrolic monomers or pyrene derivatives exhibiting affinity or covalent binding interactions towards biomolecules. Various biomolecule immobilization strategies have been explored involving photografting process, affinity and host-guest interactions. Some new approaches for developing nanostructured biomaterials based on supramolecular assemblies will be illustrated. In particular, an original versatile methodology for molecular grafting on different surfaces via a new photoactivatable diazirine derivative is reported. This pyrene-diazirine, which was electropolymerized onto various electrodes, enabled, under UV irradiation, the photografting of redox mediators and enzymes.1 Recent examples of electropolymerized films will be presented for the design of labeless immunosensors for dengue or cholera toxin antibody. 2,3 In particular, an original impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of cholera antibody was developed based on carbon nanotube deposits with different controlled thicknesses. These nanotube deposits were functionalized via electrocoating of polypyrrole-nitrilotriacetic acid (poly-NTA) followed by the formation of a Cu (II) complex with the NTA functions. The bioreceptor unit, cholera toxin B subunit, modified with biotin, was then immobilized via coordination of the biotin groups with the NTA-Cu(II) complex. The resulting impedimetric cholera Ab sensor shows a very satisfying detection limit of 10−13 g mL−1 and an exceptional linear range detection of 8 orders of magnitude. Following a similar elaboration strategy, an electrochemical highly sensitive aptasensor was developed based on electropolymerized poly-NTA film and a new aptamer functionalized by a pentahistidine peptide for the quantification of bisphenol A. A surface coverage of antibisphenol A aptamer of 1.84 10−10 molcm−2 was estimated from the electrochemical signal of the [RuIII (NH3 )6 ]3+ complex bound by electrostatic interactions onto the aptamer-modified electrode. The binding of bisphenol A onto the polymer film was successfully characterized by electrochemical methods as square wave voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The designed label-free impedimetric aptasensor displayed a wide linear range from 10−11 to 10−6 mol L−1 with a sensitivity of 372 Ω per unit of log of concentration and an excellent specificity toward interfering agents such as 4,4′ -dihydroxybiphenyl and bisphenol P.4 Finally, a simple, versatile, and rapid method for the fabrication of optically-transparent large-area carbon nanotube films via flotation assembly, will be described. After solvent-induced assembly, floating films were transferred to a flat supporting substrate to form conductive and transparent nanotube film electrodes. A proof-of-concept nanostructured bioelectrode demonstrating high sensitivity for glucose was developed with an electropolymerized poly(pyrene-adamantane) layer for host–guest immobilization of active b-cyclodextrin tagged GOx enzymes.5

A novel impedimetric glucose biosensor based on immobilized glucose oxidase on a CuO-Chitosan nanobiocomposite modified FTO electrode

This research aims at elaborating on the construction of a novel nanostructured copper oxide (Nano-CuO) sputtered thin film on the conductive fluorinated-tin oxide (FTO) layer that was exploited to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme via chitosan for developing impedimetric glucose biosensing. The distinct Nano-CuO thin film was fabricated by reactive DC magnetron sputtering system at the optimized instrumental deposition conditions. The FTO/Nano-CuO/Chitosan/GOx biosensor containing several layers afforded excellent microenvironment for rapid biocatalytic reaction to glucose. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were established the morphology of modified electrode's surface and electrochemical behavior of glucose on the fabricated biosensor. Characterization of the surface morphology and roughness of CuO thin film by FE-SEM exhibits cavities of the nanoporous film as an effective biosensing area for covalent enzyme immobilization. Invented FTO/Nano-CuO/Chitosan/GOx biosensor was employed for glucose determination using the impedimetric technique. The impedimetric outcomes display high sensitivity for glucose (0.261 kΩ per mM) detection within 0.2–15 mM and limit of detection as 27 μM. The declared biosensor has been applied as a careful, noncomplicated, and exact biosensor for recognition of glucose in the real samples analysis.

Flotation Assembly of Large-Area Ultrathin MWCNT Nanofilms for Construction of Bioelectrodes.

We report a simple, versatile, and rapid method for the fabrication of optically-transparent large-area carbon nanotube (CNT) films via flotation assembly. After solvent-induced assembly, floating films were transferred to a flat supporting substrate to form conductive and transparent CNT film electrodes. The resulting electrodes, with uniform 40 ± 20 nm multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) layers, were characterized by electrochemical and microscopy methods. The flotation method does not require specialized thin-film instrumentation and avoids the need for surfactants and pre-oxidized CNTs which can hamper electrochemical performance. A proof-of-concept nanostructured bioelectrode demonstrating high sensitivity for glucose was developed with an electropolymerized poly(pyrene-adamantane) layer for host–guest immobilization of active β-cyclodextrin tagged GOx enzymes. The polymer provides pyrene groups for cross-linking to CNTs and pendant adamantane groups for binding the β-cyclodextrin groups of the tagged enzyme. This demonstration offers a new approach for the preparation of stable and transparent CNT film electrodes with attractive electrochemical properties towards future photobio- and bio-electrochemical fuel cells, electrochemical sensors, and electroanalysis.

Nickel plasma modification of graphene for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensing

A Ni plasma-modified graphene-based glucose sensor is prepared on a glassy carbon electrode. The Ni plasma-modified graphene, which has structural integrity and good conductivity after the plasma treatment, shows excellent glucose sensing ability as confirmed by electrochemical assessment of the GC-G-Ni electrode. The GC-G-Ni sensor exhibits a high glucose sensitivity of 2213μAmM−1cm−2, low detection limit of 1μM, short response time of less than 1s, good selectivity, long-term stability, and reproducibility. The fabrication method and strategy are promising to large-scale production of electrochemical biosensors based on transition elements.

Gram-Scale Synthesis of Hydrophilic PEI-Coated AgInS2 Quantum Dots and Its Application in Hydrogen Peroxide/Glucose Detection and Cell Imaging.

Assisted with polyethylenimine, 4.0 L of water-soluble AgInS2 quantum dots (AIS QDs) were successfully synthesized in an electric pressure cooker. As-prepared QDs exhibit yellow emission with a photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield up to 32%. The QDs also show excellent water/buffer stability. The highly luminescent AIS QDs are used to explore their dual-functional behavior: detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/glucose and cell imaging. The amino-functionalized AIS QDs show high sensitivity and specificity for H2O2 and glucose with detection limits of 0.42 and 0.90 μM, respectively. A linear correlation was established between PL intensity and concentration of H2O2 in the ranges of 0.5-10 μM and 10-300 μM, while the linear ranges were 1-10 μM and 10-1000 μM for detection of glucose. The AIS QDs reveal negligible cytotoxicity on HeLa cells. Furthermore, the luminescence of AIS QDs gives the function of optical imaging.

Development of High Performance Electrochemical and Physical Biosensors Based on Chemically Modified Graphene Nanostructured Electrodes

A solvothermal technique with extra treatment was performed to synthesize high quality chemically modified graphene (CG). An environmentally friendly reducing agent, glucose, was used to obtain biocompatible chemically modified graphene. After acidic treatment of glucose treated chemically modified graphene (GCG), contamination free CG sheet was produced. CG suspension was cast on the surface of the plain biosensor surface and nylon filter paper. Pt nanoparticles (PtNP) were deposited on the CG decorated surface by cyclic voltammogram technique. Chitosan - glucose oxidase (chit-GOx) composite and nafion were then integrated by dropped casting technique on the CG/PtNP modified surface. This as-prepared biosensor showed high electrochemical activity for the detection of glucose in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. It exhibited excellent analytical properties including a short response time (4 s), high sensitivity (69.44 μA/mMcm−2), and wide detection range (0.002–12 mM) for glucose sensing. The repeatability, reproducibility, interference phenomena and the stability of the developed sensors were also investigated. The CG based electrode was also evaluated for use as a dry electrode for ECG signal monitoring. The performance of the dry electrode was excellent in comparison to the conventional wet electrodes.

Paper Based Glucose Biosensor Using Graphene Modified with a Conducting Polymer and Gold Nanoparticles

In this work a novel approach was reported for glucose detection using disposable paper based electrodes consisting graphene modified with a conducting polymer, glucose oxidase (GOx) and gold nanoparticles. For the first time, a conducting polymer; poly(9,9-di-(2-ethylhexyl)-fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-end capped with 2,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (PFLO) was spread over graphene coated papers and used as a matrix for glucose detection. To finalize the desired biosensor, the enzyme GOx was immobilized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via physical adsorption technique. Oxygen consumption was followed at −0.7 V vs Ag wire in a 50 mM, pH 6.0 phosphate buffer. The amperometric response of the GOx/graphene/PFLO/AuNPs-modified electrode was found to be linearly proportional to the glucose concentration. The fabricated biosensor revealed a high sensitivity for glucose in a linear range from 0.1 to 1.5 mM with a low detection limit of 0.081 mM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. KMApp, Imax, and sensitivity were calculated as 0.229 mM, 2.198 μA, and 7.357 μA/mM cm2, respectively. Finally, the constructed disposable biosensor was successfully utilized for the determination of glucose in commercial beverages.

Doped graphene/Cu nanocomposite: A high sensitivity non-enzymatic glucose sensor for food.

An amperometric non-enzymatic glucose sensor was developed based on nitrogen-doped graphene with dispersed copper nanoparticles (Cu-NGr). The sensing element was tested in conjunction with a modified glassy carbon electrode for glucose detection. The Cu-NGr composite was prepared by one pot synthesis from a mixture of graphene oxide, copper nitrate and uric acid, followed by thermal annealing at 900°C for 1h. Detailed characterizations showed homogeneous copper nanoparticle dispersion and the presence of significant proportion of graphitic nitrogen. The developed electrode presented high electrocatalytic activity towards glucose through synergetic effect of copper nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped graphene. Amperometric analysis confirmed high glucose sensitivity and ultra-low detection of 10nM glucose over a linear range. The sensor was tested for direct application to detect glucose in food samples for which the sensor displayed high selectivity with excellent reproducibility and recovery in complex food materials.

Over-expression of insulin-response element binding protein-1 (IRE-BP1) in mouse pancreatic islets increases expression of RACK1 and TCTP: Beta cell markers of high glucose sensitivity

BackgroundA targeted analysis of the 50kDa C-terminal fragment of insulin-response element binding protein-1 (IRE-BP1) activation of target genes through the insulin receptor substrate receptor/PI-3 kinase/Akt pathway has been demonstrated for the insulin growth factor-1 receptor. The broader effects of 50kDa C-terminal IRE-BP1 fragment over-expression on protein abundance in pancreatic islet beta cells have not been determined. ResultsLiquid-chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses of replicate lysates of pancreatic islets isolated from background strain animals and transgenic animals, overexpressing IRE-BP1 in pancreatic islet beta cells, demonstrated statistically significant increases in the expression of proteins involved in protein synthesis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and scaffolding proteins important for protein kinase C signaling; some of which were confirmed by immunoblot analyses. Bioinformatic analysis of protein expression network patterns suggested IRE-BP1 over-expression leads to protein expression patterns indicative of activation of functional protein networks utilized for protein post-translational modification, protein folding, and protein synthesis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate a novel interaction between two differentially regulated proteins receptor for activated protein kinase C (RACK1) and translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP). ConclusionsProteomic analysis of IRE-BP1 over-expression in pancreatic islet beta cells suggest IRE-BP1 (a) directly or indirectly through establishing hyperglycemia results in increased expression of ribosomal proteins and markers of ER stress and (b) leads to the enhanced and previously un-described interaction of RACK1 and TCTP. SignificanceThis study identified C-terminal 50kDa domain of IRE-BP1 over-expression results in increased markers of ER-stress and a novel interaction between the scaffolding proteins RACK1 and TCTP.

Amide group anchored glucose oxidase based anodic catalysts for high performance enzymatic biofuel cell

Abstract A new enzyme catalyst is formed by fabricating gold nano particle (GNP)-glucose oxidase (GOx) clusters that are then attached to polyethyleneimine (PEI) and carbon nanotube (CNT) with cross-linkable terephthalaldehyde (TPA) (TPA/[CNT/PEI/GOx-GNP]). Especially, amide bonds belonging to TPA play an anchor role for incorporating rigid bonding among GNP, GOx and CNT/PEI, while middle size GNP is well bonded with thiol group of GOx to form strong GNP-GOx cluster. Those bonds are identified by chemical and electrochemical characterizations like XPS and cyclic voltammogram. The anchording effect of amide bonds induces fast electron transfer and strong chemical bonding, resulting in enhancements in (i) catalytic activity, (ii) amount of immobilized GOx and (ii) performance of enzymatic biofuel cell (EBC) including the catalyst. Regarding the catalytic activity, the TPA/[CNT/PEI/GOx-GNP] produces high electron transfer rate constant (6 s−1), high glucose sensitivity (68 μA mM−1 cm−2), high maximum current density (113 μA cm−2), low charge transfer resistance (17.0 Ω cm2) and long-lasting durability while its chemical structure is characterized by XPS confirming large portion of amide bond. In EBC measurement, it has high maximum power density (0.94 mW cm−2) compatible with catalytic acitivity measurements.

Development of shell cross-linked nanoparticles based on boronic acid-related reactions for self-regulated insulin delivery

Shell cross-linked nanoparticles were fabricated by the complexation of poly(3-methacrylamido phenylboronic acid) (PMAPBA) and thiolated chitosan (chitosan-SH) via boronic acid-related reactions. The formation of PMAPBA/chitosan-SH nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV spectroscopy. The nanoparticles had a narrow size distribution with a relatively high positive charge density, and the size and zeta potential of the nanoparticles correlated with the chitosan-SH concentration. Furthermore, owing to the cross-linking of the nanoparticle shell, insulin was encapsulated in the nanoparticles with a loading capacity of up to 18%. The release of insulin from the nanoparticles slowed down because of the presence of disulfide bonds and increased with increasing glucose level in the medium. The structure of the released insulin was not distorted. More importantly, the nanoparticles had good cytocompatibility, as demonstrated by in vitro experiments. The simplicity of this strategy along with a high loading capacity, glucose sensitivity, and cytocompatibility of the produced nanoparticles should significantly boost their application in self-regulated insulin delivery.

Cu0.89Zn0.11O, A New Peroxidase-Mimicking Nanozyme with High Sensitivity for Glucose and Antioxidant Detection.

Nanomaterial-based enzyme mimetics (nanozymes) is an emerging field of research that promises to produce alternatives to natural enzymes for a variety of applications. The search for the most cost-effective and efficient inorganic nanomaterials, such as metal oxides, cannot be won by pristine CuO. However, unlike CuO, the Zn-doped CuO (Zn-CuO) nanoparticles reported in this paper reveal superior peroxidase-like enzyme activity. This places Zn-CuO in a good position to participate in a range of activities aimed at developing diverse enzyme applications. The peroxidase-like activity was tested and confirmed against various chromogenic substrates in the presence of H2O2 and obeyed the Michaelis-Menten enzymatic pathway. The mechanism of enhanced enzymatic activity was proved by employing terephthalic acid as a fluorescence probe and by electron spin resonance. The nanozyme, when tested for the detection of glucose, showed a substantial enhancement in the detection selectivity. The limit of detection (LOD) was also decreased reaching a limit as low as 0.27 ppm. Such a low LOD has not been reported so far for the metal oxides without any surface modifications. Moreover, the nanozyme (Zn-CuO) was utilized to detect the three antioxidants tannic acid, tartaric acid, and ascorbic acid and the relative strength of their antioxidant capacity was compared.

Enhanced Non-enzymatic amperometric sensing of glucose using Co(OH)2 nanorods deposited on a three dimensional graphene network as an electrode material

We report on the synthesis of cobalt dihydroxide [Co(OH)2] nanorods and their deposition on a 3-dimensional graphene network via chemical bath deposition. The structural characterization reveals deposited Co(OH)2 to consist of flower-like nanorods on a 3-dimensional graphene foam. The nanocomposite was used for glucose sensing by electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in 1 M KOH solution. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometric studies revealed a high sensitivity for glucose (3.69 mA mM−1 cm−2) and a 16 nM detection limit. The nanocomposite offers a large effective surface (11.4 cm2) and is very selective for glucose over potentially interfering materials such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, lactose, fructose and urea, not the least due to a relatively low working potential of 0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The high sensitivity, low detection limit and very good selectivity of free-standing nanocomposite electrodes are attributed to the synergistic effect of (a) the good electrocatalytic activity of the NRs, and (b) the large surface area with high conductivity offered by the 3D graphene foam.

In situ synthesis of Ni(OH)2/TiO2 composite film on NiTi alloy for non-enzymatic glucose sensing

A one-step potential cycling technique for in situ synthesis of electroactive Ni(OH)2 and protective TiO2 composite film on NiTi alloy is described. The Ni(OH)2/TiO2 composite film can be used directly as the electrode in a non-enzymatic glucose sensor. This binder-free sensor boasts a high glucose sensitivity of 192μAmM−1cm−2, short response time of less than 1s, and detection limit of 8μM. In addition, the stable and protective TiO2 extends the linear range to 14mM and provides excellent long-term stability. This novel fabrication method not only simplifies the preparation of high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensing materials, but also can be readily extended to the fabrication of other transition metal-based biosensors.

Development of fluorescent FRET probe for determination of glucose based on β-cyclodextrin modified ZnS-quantum dots and natural pigment 3-hydroxyflavone

An environmental friendly fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe for determination of glucose has been developed. The natural pigment, 3-hydroxyflavone, can enter the hydrophobic cavity of beta-cyclodextrin functionalized ZnS quantum dots, forming a fluorescence resonance energy transfer system with beta-cyclodextrin modified ZnS quantum dots as energy donor and 3-hydroxyflavone as energy acceptors. Glucose can be oxidized with assistance of the glucose oxidase to quantitatively produce hydrogen peroxide, which could rapidly quench the fluorescence intensity of the 3-hydroxyflavone in the probe by catalysis of horseradish peroxidase. The probe was successfully applied to determination of glucose in human serum and urine samples, and the results indicated that the average spiking recoveries of glucose ranged from 102 to 113%, with relative standard deviations below 15%. The developed approach were simple and possessed high sensitivity and selective for glucose, and this work provides a new clue for developing fluorescent probe.