Highest Search Volume Research Articles

Changes in Internet Search Behavior After a Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Campaign for Faricimab-svoa

Purpose: To analyze changes in Google search volume after US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and initiation of a direct-to-consumer marketing campaign for faricimab-svoa. Methods: Google Trends data between December 26, 2021, and June 17, 2023, were downloaded and searched for terms prominently featured in the marketing campaign, including “wet AMD”, “diabetic macular edema”, “Vabysmo”, and “faricimab-svoa”. Data were standardized to the week and the term with the highest search volume, resulting in weekly relative search volumes for each term. The mean relative search volume and percentage change in relative search volume were calculated for the time periods of interest. Results: The direct-to-consumer campaign was associated with an increase in relative search volume in the first month for the terms “Vabysmo” (2.5% to 18.0%) and “wet AMD” (3.0% to 77.3%) and was sustained in the second month ( P < .01). No significant changes in relative search volume were seen for the terms “diabetic macular edema” or “faricimab-svoa”. After FDA approval, “Vabysmo” had the only significant increase in relative search volume (0.3% to 2.8%; P = .02). Conclusions: A direct-to-consumer advertising campaign for faricimab-svoa was associated with a surge in Google search volume of 620% and 2475% for “Vabysmo” and “wet AMD,” respectively ( P < .01), without a corresponding increase for “diabetic macular edema”. Although FDA approval was associated with an increase in search volume for “Vabysmo” ( P = .02), the marketing campaign was more influential at driving internet search behavior.

Google Search Trends About Systemic Psoriasis Treatment: What Do People Want to Know About Biologics and Janus Kinase Inhibitors?

This study investigates the most frequently asked questions regarding systemic treatments for psoriasis vulgaris using Google Trends and People Also Asked (PAA) tools, focusing on traditional DMARDs, biologics, and small-molecule inhibitors. Analyzing data from January 31, 2019, to January 31, 2024, Adalimumab was found to have the highest search volume, followed by Apremilast and Methotrexate in their respective categories. Based on Rothwell's Question Classification Criteria, questions about Adalimumab predominantly centered around their technical, factual details and cost of the medication. The study highlights significant public interest in these factors over their safety profile and it is likely influenced by Adalimumab's high direct-to-consumer marketing. Moreover, evaluation of 782 websites showed that potential patients were seeking commercial and government-based websites to learn more about systemic psoriasis treatment. According to the JAMA benchmark criteria, these source types also scored the highest in terms of information quality, while medical practice websites scored the lowest. The findings suggest the need for dermatologists to address factual details such as medication administration scheduling, dietary restrictions, and cost during patient consultations, and to guide patients towards high-quality online resources. Limitations include potential comprehensiveness of questions and evolving medication concerns.

Exploring the online landscape of interventional radiology: a global analysis of search trends

This study aimed to analyze the online presence of interventional radiology (IR), and its popularity over time and location, given the reported under-awareness of the specialty. The study analyzed search volumes, searcher demographics, and query type related to IR and its four most searched procedures using Google Trends, Demographics.io, and Also Asked. Search strategies were stratified by volume and region ("Worldwide" and "United States"), and the quality of current patient materials in the first 10 Google search results was analyzed using the DISCERN instrument and Flesch Kincaid levels. The analyzed search trends demonstrated a slow uptrend in search volume over the past 15 years since 2013, with a CAGR rate of 0.6%. Demographics revealed that 80.9% of searchers were female and over half (51.8%) fell into the age range of 35-54 years old. Geographically, the US had the highest search volume (100) for the term "interventional radiology" and website search results mainly related to patient education about the specialty. The quality of online resources was poor with overall college-level readability, and "What is Interventional Radiology?" was the most popular query. There is a growing interest in IR procedures in recent years, particularly in the US, with middle-aged females being the most active demographic online. However, online resources containing information on specific IR procedures remain of poor quality. Actions should be taken to improve the quality, accessibility, and awareness of IR-related webpages to increase public knowledge of IR care in the US and abroad.

Evaluating Global and Temporal Trends in Pancreas and Islet Cell Transplantation: Public Awareness and Engagement.

Pancreas transplantation is a crucial surgical intervention for managing diabetes, but it faces challenges such as its invasive nature, stringent patient selection criteria, organ scarcity, and centralized expertise. Despite the steadily increasing number of pancreas transplants in the United States, there is a need to understand global trends in interest to increase awareness of and participation in pancreas and islet cell transplantation. We analyzed Google Search trends for "Pancreas Transplantation" and "Islet Cell Transplantation" from 2004 to 14 November 2023, assessing variations in search interest over time and across geographical locations. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test was used to determine the stationarity of the trends (p < 0.05). Search interest for "Pancreas Transplantation" varied from its 2004 baseline, with a general decline in peak interest over time. The lowest interest was in December 2010, with a slight increase by November 2023. Ecuador, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia showed the highest search interest. "Islet Cell Transplantation" had its lowest interest in December 2016 and a more pronounced decline over time, with Poland, China, and South Korea having the highest search volumes. In the U.S., "Pancreas Transplantation" ranked 4th in interest, while "Islet Cell Transplantation" ranked 11th. The ADF test confirmed the stationarity of the search trends for both procedures. "Pancreas Transplantation" and "Islet Cell Transplantation" showed initial peaks in search interest followed by a general downtrend. The stationary search trends suggest a lack of significant fluctuations or cyclical variations. These findings highlight the need for enhanced educational initiatives to increase the understanding and awareness of these critical transplant procedures among the public and professionals.

Retail investor attention and analyst earnings forecasts: Evidence from China

This article examines the impact of retail investor attention on analyst earnings forecast accuracy. Using a dataset of 21,238 firm-year observations from the Chinese A-share listed firms between 2011 and 2021, we find that future analyst forecast error and dispersion are higher for firms with higher search volumes on the internet, suggesting that retail investor attention has a significant negative impact on analyst earnings forecast accuracy. Further analysis shows that higher retail investor attention could impair the stock price informativeness and induce a greater level of earnings management of the underlying firms, supporting that the informational feedback effect of stock prices and opportunistic behaviors of firm managers are possible mechanisms through which retail investor attention deteriorates analyst earnings forecast accuracy. Moreover, our results in heterogeneity analysis reveal that the negative relationship between retail investor attention and analyst earnings forecast accuracy is more pronounced for non-Big4 audit firms, non-shortable firms, and firms that are not in the Mainland-Hong Kong stock connect program.

Tendency to Facial Rejuvenation in the General Population: An Ecological Study

Background: Today, the solutions for skin aging and rejuvenation methods are of special importance. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the desire to perform various methods related to facial rejuvenation in Iran and the world. Methods: It is an ecological study conducted using the Google Trends (GT) database. We initially searched for users' specified search terms related to "Botox," "Gel injection," "Laser," "Facelift," "Fillers," and "COVID-19" among all searches performed using GTs in the world and Iran from January 2017 to July 2023. Results: The trend of GT shows that the search volume for laser and filler services is higher than for other services worldwide. In Iran, laser and gel injections had the highest search volume until 2022. However, from 2022 onwards, fillers have become one of the top searched services. In 2020, with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significant impact of the pandemic on facial rejuvenation procedures worldwide, including in Iran, became evident. There is a significant negative correlation between the volume of searches for COVID-19 and facial rejuvenation procedures worldwide (R2 = -0.52, P = 0.0001) and in Iran (R2 = -0.84, P = 0.0001). Conclusions: Many people worldwide and in Iran are looking for facial rejuvenation. Clinicians can enter this business with a positive outlook. GT data is a powerful tool for predicting the demand for facial rejuvenation procedures.

Brain Tumor Infodemiology: Worldwide Online Health-Seeking Behavior Using Google Trends and Wikipedia Pageviews.

BackgroundSearching the internet for information on common neurologic symptoms and diseases has been increasing in recent times. It is postulated that online search volume data could be utilized to gauge public awareness and real-world epidemiological data regarding brain tumors.ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to describe the pattern of online search queries of keywords related to neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS).MethodsUsing Google Trends, search activity from January 2004 – January 2021 was quantified using relative search volume (RSV). The average RSV for the first 3 years was compared with the final 3 years to account for percent change. Wikipedia article views from July 2007 – January 2021 were generated using Pageviews. Peaks in RSV and page views were then matched for related news.Results“Brain tumor”, “brain cancer”, “glioblastoma”, and “glioma” had the highest search volume. RSV from Google Trends and views of Wikipedia pages reflected comparable data in terms of known prevalence rankings of tumor subtypes. There were no observable trends that could correlate to the rising numbers of brain tumor cases worldwide. However, headlines of personalities being diagnosed with glioblastomas were mostly responsible for temporary increases in public interest.ConclusionsTransient rises in online search volume mirror public awareness of more aggressive CNS neoplasms that have a high burden of disease. Worldwide interest in brain tumors may not necessarily correspond to clinical occurrence, but may signify an unmet gap in providing accurate online information to neuro-oncologic patients.

Determining the Global Corona Agenda via Google Trends

During the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, many fake news and misleading information that could cause fear and panic among the public spread around the world. In this study, we aimed to determine online search behavior and frequency of use of infodemic monikers regarding the COVID-19 outbreak. Searches were made between December 10th, 2019 and October10th, 2020. The top five infodemic and scientific COVID-19 terms trending (coronavirus/koronavirüs, corona/korona, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, novel coronavirus/) in Turkish and English in all categories (web, visuals, shopping, etc.) in Turkey and worldwide were searched. It was found that the highest search volume was related to the search term “koronavirus” in Turkey and worldwide. It was determined that the society used infodemic words instead of scientific terms. The word "korona" had highest search volume, while in the more developed regions (Istanbul, İzmir, Bursa, Ankara), "COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2” search words were preferred. COVID-19 (value=3), SARS-COV-2 (value

Time-series analyses of firearm-related Google searches and U.S. suicide rates 2004-2016.

The U.S. suicide rate has increased 35% since 1999. The role of the Internet has not been thoroughly investigated despite Internet use more than doubling from 1999 to present. The majority of U.S. suicide deaths are by firearm; however, there is no examination of the association between trends in firearm Internet searches and overall and firearm monthly suicide rates. We hypothesized that search strings related to firearm suicide would be significantly associated with monthly suicide rates (both all methods and firearm). Google Trends provides data on request frequencies of searches. Twenty-four search strings were examined representing possible searches by individuals considering firearm suicide and compared to U.S. suicide rates with time-series modeling. In the time series with higher search volumes, consistent associations were found of negative cross-correlation at lag +1. Several searches appeared at least sensitive enough to consistently show associations with overall and firearm suicide rates in the following month. This novel finding should be followed up as the potential exists to predict suicide trends.

Google search volumes for portfolio management: performances and asset concentration

Google search volumes have proven to be useful in portfolio management. The basic idea is that high search volumes are related to bad news and risk increase. This paper shows additional evidence about the use of Google search volumes in risk management, for the Dow Jones Industrial Average index components from 2004 to 2017. To overcome the (time-series and cross-section) limitations Google imposes on data download, a renormalization procedure is presented, to obtain a multivariate sample of volumes, which preserve their relative magnitude. The results indicate that the volume normalization is relevant for portfolio performances. Renormalized Google search volumes yield poor results when they penalize the portfolio diversification. Instead, if the portfolio diversification can be kept to an acceptable level, the renormalized Google search volumes contribute to improving risk-adjusted performances.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Google Search Intensity and the Investor Attention Effect: A Quantile Regression Approach

This paper investigates whether the investor attention effect caused by the Google stock search can be used to forecast stock returns. The evolving literature on Google search investor attention effect suggests that high Google search volumes can predict high returns for the first 1–2 weeks, but with a subsequent price reversal. We use a more recent data set that covers the period from 2012 to 2017 in the Indian stock market and employ the quantile regression approach as it alleviates some of the statistical problems to find that high Google search volumes lead to positive returns. Indeed, the high Google search volumes predict positive and significant returns in the subsequent third, fourth and fifth weeks. The Google search volume index performs as a better predictor of the direction as well as the magnitude of the excess returns. The findings infer that the signals from the search volume data could be of benefit construction of profitable trading strategies.

Investor attention using the Google search volume index – impact on stock returns

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the investor attention using the Google search volume index (GSVI) can be used to forecast stock returns. The authors also find the answer to whether the “price pressure hypothesis” would hold true for the Indian stock market.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a more recent fully balanced panel data for the period from July 2012 to Jun 2017 (260 weeks) of observations for companies of NIFTY 50 of the National Stock Exchange in the Indian stock market. The authors are motivated by Tetlock (2007) and Bijl et al. (2016) to employ regression approach of econometric estimation.FindingsThe authors find that high Google search volumes lead to positive returns. More precisely, the high Google search volumes predict positive and significant returns in the subsequent fourth and fifth weeks. The GSVI performs as an useful predictor of the direction as well as the magnitude of the excess returns. The higher quantiles of the GSVI have corresponding higher excess returns. The authors notice that the domestic investor searches are correlated with higher excess returns than the worldwide investor searches. The findings imply that the signals from the search volume data could be of help in the construction of profitable trading strategies.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors knowledge, no paper has examined the relationship between Google search intensity and stock-trading behavior in the Indian stock market. The authors use a more recent data for the period from 2012 to 2017 to investigate whether search query data on company names can be used to predict weekly stock returns for individual firms. This study complements the prior studies by investigating the relationship between search intensity and stock-trading behavior in the Indian stock market.

Internet searches for "suicide", its association with epidemiological data and insights for prevention programs.

Literature demonstrates that analysis of internet search data is a useful tool in predicting the occurrence of illnesses and health-related behaviors. The aim of the study was to quantitatively present the trends in Google searches for the keyword "suicide" and to analyze its correlation with the number of suicides in Poland. We used the Google Trends tool to compile data for years 2004-2016. Statistical analysis was performed for annual, monthly, daily and hourly data. Official data on suicide in Poland were obtained from the Central Statistical Office and the General Police Headquarters of Poland. A gradual decrease in Google Relative Search Volume of the keyword "suicide" was observed in years 2004-2014, despite the significant increase of suicide rate in Poland (R=-0.24). Reverse correlation was also found between regional suicide coefficients and search volume (R=-0.22). The highest search volumes were recorded in winter months, first days of the week and at night hours (p<0.001). Presented results may contribute to more effective suicide prevention programs. By specifying the time intervals in which searching suicide information is the highest, it will become easier get to individuals at risk.

An international comparison of Google searches for sunscreen, sunburn, skin cancer, and melanoma: Current trends and public health implications

Background Google Trends® (GT) offers insight into public interests and behaviors and holds potential for guiding public health campaigns. Objectives This study explored international trends in English-speaking countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) in searches for sunscreen, sunburn, skin cancer, and melanoma to better guide skin cancer prevention campaigns. Methods Google Trends® was queried for search terms from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2017. Respective national databases were queried for melanoma outcome data from 2004 to 2014 and compared with time-matched search data. Correlations between search terms, time, and melanoma outcomes were assessed for each country. Quantitative analyses were performed to evaluate differences in search volumes between countries with varying melanoma incidence. Results In all countries, the strongest intra-term correlation was between sunscreen and sunburn. Searches for sunscreen and sunburn are increasing for all countries. For all countries except the United Kingdom and New Zealand, searches for skin cancer and melanoma are decreasing for one or both terms. Correlations between search terms and melanoma outcomes were variable and specific to each country. Quantitative analysis revealed that countries with higher melanoma incidence had higher search volumes for all terms. Search volumes were especially high for skin cancer and melanoma in Australia compared with other countries. Comparisons between moderate melanoma incidence countries were less clear. Conclusions Online skin cancer prevention campaigns should focus on the search terms sunburn and sunscreen, especially given the declining interest between 2004 and 2016 in the terms skin cancer and melanoma seen in multiple countries. Search term interests varied with melanoma outcomes and between countries, suggesting the importance of customizing approaches based on local population interests and geographic areas.

What Do Germans Want to Know About Skin Cancer? A Nationwide Google Search Analysis From 2013 to 2017.

BackgroundExperts worldwide agree that skin cancer is a global health issue, but only a few studies have reported on world populations’ interest in skin cancer. Internet search data can reflect the interest of a population in different topics and thereby identify what the population wants to know.ObjectiveOur aim was to assess the interest of the German population in nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma.MethodsGoogle AdWords Keyword Planner was used to identify search terms related to nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma in Germany from November 2013 to October 2017. The identified search terms were assessed descriptively using SPSS version 24.0. In addition, the search terms were qualitatively categorized.ResultsA total of 646 skin cancer-related search terms were identified with 19,849,230 Google searches in the period under review. The search terms with the highest search volume were “skin cancer” (n=2,388,500, 12.03%), “white skin cancer” (n=2,056,900, 10.36%), “basalioma” (n=907,000, 4.57%), and “melanoma” (n=717,800, 3.62%). The most searched localizations of nonmelanoma skin cancer were “nose” (n=93,370, 38.99%) and “face” (n=53,270, 22.24%), and the most searched of melanoma were “nails” (n=46,270, 70.61%) and “eye” (n=10,480, 15.99%). The skin cancer‒related category with the highest search volume was “forms of skin cancer” (n=10,162,540, 23.28%) followed by “skin alterations” (n=4,962,020, 11.36%).ConclusionsOur study provides insight into terms and fields of interest related to skin cancer relevant to the German population. Furthermore, temporal trends and courses are shown. This information could aid in the development and implementation of effective and sustainable awareness campaigns by developing information sources targeted to the population’s broad interest or by implementing new Internet campaigns.

Searching the Internet for psychiatric disorders among Arab and Jewish Israelis: insights from a comprehensive infodemiological survey.

Israel represents a complex and pluralistic society comprising two major ethno-national groups, Israeli Jews and Israeli Arabs, which differ in terms of religious and cultural values as well as social constructs. According to the so-called “diversification hypothesis”, within the framework of e-health and in the era of new information and communication technologies, seeking online health information could be a channel to increase health literacy, especially among disadvantaged groups. However, little is known concerning digital seeking behavior and, in particular, digital mental health literacy. This study was conducted in order to fill in this gap. Concerning raw figures, unadjusted for confounding variables (time, population size, Internet penetration index, disease rate), “depression” searched in Hebrew was characterized by 1.5 times higher search volumes, slightly declining throughout time, whereas relative search volumes (RSVs) related to “depression” searched in Arabic tended to increase over the years. Similar patterns could be detected for “phobia” (in Hebrew 1.4-fold higher than in Arabic) and for “anxiety” (with the searches performed in Hebrew 2.3 times higher than in Arabic). “Suicide” in Hebrew was searched 2.0-fold more than in Arabic (interestingly for both languages search volumes exhibited seasonal cyclic patterns). Eating disorders were searched more in Hebrew: 8.0-times more for “bulimia”, whilst “anorexia” was searched in Hebrew only. When adjusting for confounding variables, association between digital seeking behavior and ethnicity remained statistically significant (p-value < 0.0001) for all psychiatric disorders considered in the current investigation, except for “bulimia” (p = 0.989). More in details, Israeli Arabs searched for mental health disorders less than Jews, apart from “depression”. Arab and Jewish Israelis, besides differing in terms of language, religion, social and cultural values, have different patterns of usage of healthcare services and provisions, as well as e-healthcare services concerning mental health. Policy- and decision-makers should be aware of this and make their best efforts to promote digital health literacy among the Arab population in Israel.

An infodemiological study using search engine query data to explore the temporal variations of depression in Finland

A majority of healthcare is undertaken by individuals without the involvement or knowledge of healthcare professionals. People often try to treat health problems themselves, often first consulting the Internet, with search engines as natural starting points. Health information seeking conducted in search engines generate big data, data that can provide valuable insights into patterns of symptoms and disease, especially for stigmatizing or sensitive health topics, like mental health problems. The aim of this article is to utilize search engine query data for trends and temporal variations of depression in Finland. The key findings of this study show that depression related Internet search query volumes are slightly increasing during the time periods studied. The results also show that search query volumes follow seasonal patterns with peaks during autumn and spring and troughs during the summer months and mid-winter. Of all weekdays, Sundays have the highest search volume for depression related queries. These results present new meaningful insights into the epidemiology of depression, as it can give insights into the part of the population that does not present for treatment or professional help. It can also help health professionals and other officials to understand broader patterns of mental illness when planning services and campaigns.

0404 DIURNAL PATTERNS OF INSOMNIA INTERNET SEARCH QUERIES: AN ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRENDS DATA

Patients frequently use the Internet as a source of information regarding their symptoms or health conditions. As a result, timing of search engine query data has been used to investigate patterns of illness symptomatology. Since insomnia typically occurs at night and may be exacerbated by environmental conditions such as light emitted from computing screens, search queries for insomnia may reflect both patterns of symptoms as well as a factor that perpetuates insomnia complaints. Hourly normalized search volume (NSV) for the search term “insomnia” was acquired utilizing Google Trends over a one-week interval from 11/21/16 to 11/28/16, the largest output for which hourly NSV is available. Diurnal patterns in NSV were examined for the United States, as well as separately in highly populated states spanning different time zones. Diurnal patterns for insomnia search queries were also examined in other representative countries with high search volumes for convergent validity. ANOVA was utilized to examine effects of time (hour of day) for insomnia NSV. Timing of peak insomnia NSV (normalized to clock time for each location) was examined for each state/country. Additional data from 11/28/16 to 12/05/16 and 12/05/16 to 12/12/16 were utilized to confirm findings through replication. Highly significant differences in insomnia NSV times across the 24-hour day were observed for all countries and states examined (all p<0.0001). Insomnia NSV demonstrated a robust diurnal pattern, with peaks in search volumes occurring between 02:00 and 04:00 in all locations. Results were confirmed in replicative analyses. Peaks in insomnia search queries during the middle of the night suggest patients are utilizing the Internet at the time they are experiencing symptoms. Future research that examines the impact of Internet use on insomnia symptoms, and how timing of Internet use may impact outcomes of Internet-based insomnia therapies are warranted. N/A

Tendências de busca na internet sobre cárie dentária e defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte no período de 2004 a 2015

Objetivo: avaliar tendências de busca dos usuários da internet por informações sobre cárie dentária e defeitos de esmalte. Material e Métodos: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo que utilizou a ferramenta Google Trends Search Application como instrumento de busca. Foram utilizados os descritores “dental caries” e “enamel defects” para obtenção de informações no período de janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2015. Os resultados foram expressos pelo índice Search Volume Index. Foram utilizados os testes Kruskal-Wallis e pós-teste de Dunn, com nível de significância de 5%, para a análise dos dados. Resultados: para o termo “dental caries”, os maiores volumes de busca foram observados nos meses de março, abril e maio (62.33 ± 14.73, 63.58 ± 13.19, 63.00 ± 13.24, respectivamente) e os menores, nos meses de julho, agosto e dezembro (44.92 ± 8.82, 46.83 ± 9.94, 40.67 ± 5.55) (p &lt; 0,001). Não foram observadas diferenças no volume de buscas entre meses do ano para o termo “enamel defects” (p = 0,694). Na análise por ano, foram observadas diferenças significativas para cárie dentária (p &lt; 0,001), a partir de 2007 o volume de busca reduziu significativamente quando comparado aos anos anteriores. O mesmo não foi observado para defeitos de esmalte (p = 0,492). Conclusão: houve tendência de diminuição no número de buscas por informações sobre cárie dentária, ao passo que se mantêm constantes as buscas sobre defeitos de esmalte.

Google searches and stock returns

We investigate whether data from Google Trends can be used to forecast stock returns. Previous studies have found that high Google search volumes predict high returns for the first one to two weeks, with subsequent price reversal. By using a more recent dataset that covers the period from 2008 to 2013 we find that high Google search volumes lead to negative returns. We also examine a trading strategy based on selling stocks with high Google search volumes and buying stocks with infrequent Google searches. This strategy is profitable when the transaction cost is not taken into account but is not profitable if we take into account transaction costs.