High School Youth Research Articles

High school students on reasons for absenteeism in physical education classes


 The aim of the study was an attempt to diagnose the phenomenon of absenteeism in PE lessons of high school youth. 
 
 
 The survey included 51 randomly selected students aged 14-18 from a selected high school in Lodz.
 
 
 The research was carried out on the basis of the diagnostic survey method and the survey technique, while the research tool was a questionnaire constructed for the needs of the pilot studies, containing closed, semi-open and open questions
 
 
 The results of the research were subjected to statistical analysis, determining the significance of differences using the chi-square test. 
 
 
 The research results indicate that girls (36,7%) less often and less willingly participate in PE lessons than boys (66,7%). The main reasons for absenteeism from physical education lessons are the teacher's approach and the way of conducting classes (7,9%); lack of awareness and knowledge of the benefits of physical activity (31,4%); lack of encouragement to take up physical activity on the part of relatives and the teacher (8%), and shame caused by the appearance of the body (13,5%).

More Time, More Conversation, More Care: California High School Youth Queering Comprehensive Sexuality Education

Continuing to negate deficit framings of youth sexuality and amplify youth voices, this critical queer ethnography understands California high school students' experiences with comprehensive school‐based sex education. Findings make visible the detailed account of youth voices in the space of sexual health education, highlighting their agency, genuine curiosity, and critical awareness of complex issues. The implications demonstrate the need for community‐based solutions to sexual health education that are youth‐led and youth‐run.

Do the effects of parents’ involvement in youth’s academic adjustment vary with youth’s developmental phase? A longitudinal investigation in China

This research tested the idea that the role of parents’ homework assistance and academic socialization in youth’s academic adjustment is modulated by youth’s developmental phase. Chinese youth (N = 1863) in elementary, middle and high school and their parents reported on parents’ homework assistance and academic socialization, and youth reported on their academic adjustment as manifest in their beliefs, motivational orientation, and engagement twice over a year. Over time, parents’ assistance with homework generally had positive effects on youth’s academic adjustment in elementary school, but no effects or negative effects by high school. In contrast, parents’ academic socialization had positive effects, regardless of youth’s developmental phase, with these effects sometimes being stronger in middle and high school.

Youth Access to Stolen Handguns

Youth with access to illicit handguns have an enhanced proclivity to engage in armed criminal violence and self-harm. While theft has been identified as a pathway for youth to gain access to handguns, little is known about whether and to what extent stolen guns represent a viable channel toward putting youth and others at risk. To evaluate this, several data sources and methods are used to evaluate whether handgun thefts occurring within proximity to a school predict self-reported ease of handgun acquisition among young people. Multilevel results fail to show any relationship between the availability of stolen handguns, measured in three different ways, and middle and high school youths’ self-reported access to handguns. Microlevel characteristics are predictive of gun access among youth.

Injuries in Canadian high school boys’ collision sports: insights across football, ice hockey, lacrosse, and rugby

BackgroundCollision sport participation rates among high school youth in Canada are high. While participation is beneficial for physical and mental well-being, the rates of injury in these sports are high.AimsThis study aims to compare injury rates and profiles across four common youth collision sports (ice hockey, tackle football, lacrosse, rugby).MethodsData from a cross-sectional questionnaire of 2029 high school youth were used to identify male collision sport participants to be included in this secondary analysis (n = 360).ResultsOf the 2029 students who completed the questionnaire, 360 participated in collision-based sports [Ages: 14 (5%), 15 (41%), 16 (25%), 17 (26%), 18 (3%)]. The rates of injury ranged from 12.7 injuries/100 participants/year (rugby) to 33.1 injuries/100 participants/year (ice hockey). Concussion rates ranged from 12.4 (football) to 15.8 (ice hockey) concussions/100 participants/year. Similarities existed in the profile of injuries between sports, with most injuries occurring due to contact with another player (range 57.0% to 87.5%). Injuries to the head (33.3%), wrist/hand (16.0%), shoulder (12.8%), and knee (12.0%) were the most prevalent injury type. Substantial differences in previous playing experience existed between sports.DiscussionThe high rate of injury and concussion reported across each of these sports highlights the need for the introduction of primary prevention strategies in these sports aimed to reduce the risk of injury.

Predictors of e-cigarette initiation and use among middle school youth in a low-income predominantly Hispanic community.

IntroductionE-cigarette use among middle and high school youth increased from 2. 5 million in 2014 to 9.2 million in 2019, becoming the most common tobacco product used among youth. Hispanic youth, the largest ethnic minority in the United States, have higher rates of tobacco use, including e-cigarettes, than non-Hispanics. Identifying factors that put youth at risk for future e-cigarette use is vital to focusing prevention efforts. Informed by social cognitive theory, this study identifies predictors of e-cigarette uptake among e-cigarette naïve youth in a predominantly low-income Hispanic community.Methods1,249 students (6–8th grades) from two middle schools in El Paso, Texas consented to participate in this longitudinal survey during the 2016–2017 school year. The study sample for analysis was restricted to e-cigarette naïve students (n = 862). Outcome measures were e-cigarette initiation and current use at follow-up. Logistic regression models tested six hypotheses about predictors of e-cigarette initiation and current use: (1) intention, (2) outcome expectations, (3) knowledge, (4) friendship network exposure, (5) normative beliefs, and (6) social acceptability.ResultsAmong e-cigarette naïve students at baseline, 8% (n = 71) reported initiation at follow-up; of these, 3% (n = 23) reported current use. Significant predictors of initiation were intention (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI 1.69–3.59; p < 0.001), outcome expectations (AOR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.14–2.61; p = 0.009), friendship network exposure (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.11–2.11; p =0.01), normative beliefs (AOR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.47–3.08; p < 0.001), and social acceptability (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.28–2.85; p = 0.002). Significant predictors of current use were intention (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.07–3.69; p = 0.03) and friendship network exposure (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.06–2.70; p = 0.03).ConclusionsWith the increasing popularity of e-cigarettes, age appropriate and culturally sensitive prevention strategies tailored at altering these predictive factors are essential in preventing future e-cigarette use.

Additive impact of multiple point-of-sale tobacco control policies on youth tobacco-related outcomes

ObjectivesThe tobacco industry utilizes tactics to increase youth awareness, exposure, access and use of tobacco. To address these tactics, municipalities in Massachusetts have passed point-of-sale policies including: 1) restricting flavored tobacco (FTR), 2) restricting cigar package sizes and prices (CPPR), 3) banning tobacco in pharmacies (PB), and 4) raising the minimum legal sales age of tobacco to 21 (MLSA 21). This study evaluated whether more policies, and a combination of policies addressing all three industry tactics, are associated with more favorable youth tobacco-related outcomes. Study designThis study was a cross-sectional survey. MethodsMunicipalities were selected based on number of policies and similarity of municipality and tobacco retailer characteristics. The final sample included: Somerville with all four policies, Worcester with two policies (MLSA 21 and PB), and New Bedford with one policy (PB). Surveys were administered to youth in a public high school in each municipality. Multivariable models were used to compare tobacco-related outcomes between municipalities with varying numbers of policies. ResultsAfter adjusting for individual-level demographics, we observed a protective effect of having more policies on flavored tobacco initiation and tobacco exposure and awareness. A protective effect of number of policies on tobacco use was not found, but associations were primarily in the expected direction. Current tobacco users in Somerville had higher odds of menthol use compared to New Bedford. ConclusionsImplementing multiple policies addressing varied industry tactics may be effective for youth tobacco prevention. Including menthol in FTRs may help improve youth tobacco-related outcomes.

Suicidality in Texas Sexual Minority High School Youth: School-based Factors

Suicidality in Texas Sexual Minority High School Youth: School-based Factors

Bullying victimization, obesity, sleep quality, and gender: The moderating effects of academic achievement

This study used routine activity theory to examine the relationships between bullying victimization, subjective obesity, gender, sleep duration, and academic achievement in a national sample of high school youth in the United States. Subjective obesity status (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.17–2.03]), academic achievement (OR = 0.88 [0.81, 0.95]), and sleep duration (OR = 0.83 [0.78, 0.88] were significant predictors of bullying victimization. Academic achievement, in turn, attenuated the effects of subjective obesity status. Males were less likely to experience bullying victimization (OR = .56 [.49, .65]), less likely to identify as obese, less likely to earn As and Bs in academic achievement, and more likely to obtain adequate amounts of sleep on school nights. Problems in identifying interactions are discussed. The findings indicate that routine activity theory is a viable framework for understanding bullying victimization, and that academic achievement and sleep duration should be understood as protective factors against bullying predation.

The Effectiveness of a Leadership Subject Using a Hybrid Teaching Mode during the Pandemic: Objective Outcome and Subjective Outcome Evaluation.

Positive youth development (PYD) is an innovative approach to protect students from mental health problems and promote their positive and holistic development. Although there are many studies on the beneficial effects of PYD programs on youth in high school and community contexts, it is not clear whether subjects adopting PYD principles can promote positive development for university students. Moreover, it is unclear whether such subjects are effective under COVID-19, where subjects are commonly taught via the “hybrid” mode (i.e., face-to-face plus online teaching). The present study examined students’ changes in the PYD, wellbeing, and desired graduate attributes after they had taken a leadership subject utilizing PYD principles taught by the “hybrid” mode (N = 630). Adopting the one-group pre-test and post-test design (i.e., objective outcome evaluation), we found that students showed significant positive improvement in PYD indicators, wellbeing, as well as desired graduate attributes. Additionally, students had high satisfaction with the course design and teaching staff, and perceived many benefits from this subject based on the subjective outcome evaluation conducted at the end of the subject. Results also showed that students’ satisfaction with the curriculum significantly and positively predicted their positive change in PYD indicators, indicating the convergence of subjective outcome evaluation and objective outcome evaluation. The results highlight the positive impacts of the hybrid mode leadership subject with PYD principles in higher education.

Exploring Cultural Wealth with Latinx Youth: Interweaving Testimonios as a Youth Participatory Action Research Practice

ABSTRACT This interdisciplinary article examines literature across Education, Social Work, and Chicano/a/Latino/a Studies. By interweaving the literature with student voices, clinical knowledge and field observations, the authors use a Community Cultural Wealth Framework to highlight an afterschool program that empowers and encourages Latinx youth to use testimonio as a powerful transformational tool. While the students at the center of this program actualize six forms of capital within CCW, we focus on aspirational, resistant, and navigational capital in this study. The authors provide examples of students exploring various modes to amplify their voices through skills co-developed with undergraduate students. The overall goal of the study was to identify programmatic strategies that support Latinx students. The findings illustrate the need for further Youth Participatory Action Research that can be a vehicle for change with practitioners and researchers. This coauthored article is written by a graduate student with a professional background as a licensed clinical therapist, and secondly, through a faculty member who has seven years of experience working with Latinx high school youth through various programming.

“Even Being a Citizen Is Not a Privilege Here”: Undocumented Latinx Immigrant Youth and Perceptions of Racialized Citizenship

This three-year multi-site ethnographic study centers undocumented high school youth’s ( N = 53) perspectives on citizenship. Challenging legal conceptions of citizenship, the article advances the notion of racialized citizenship, which is grounded in youth experiences and argues that deeper racial meanings and hierarchies undergird categories of citizenship. By highlighting a nuanced context of reception in the U.S. Southeast, the authors document how youth are racialized in school-community contexts and their perceptions of citizenship. This ethnographic work humanizes undocumented student’s experiences and urges educators and policymakers to reject pervasive anti-immigrant discourses and practices.

Existing in the void: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of rural LGBTQ+ students

While a growing body of literature has been devoted to addressing the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ youth, specific information related to LGBTQ+ youth in rural high schools is a topic in need of more attention. Utilizing the theory of LGBTQ+ minority stress and research specific to rural LGBTQ+ experiences, we explore the experiences of LGBTQ+ identities in rural Midwestern high schools. We investigate how LGBTQ+ students understand themselves and others within the context of their rural Midwestern high school education experiences. Finally, we use minority stress theory to frame rural LGBTQ+ student experiences as distal and proximal stressors related to the location of their minority sexual and gender identity within a rural environment. Interview data from two undergraduate and two graduate students were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants describe the rural LGBTQ+ student phenomenon as consisting of four major themes: (a) affirmative experiences, (b) antagonistic experiences, (c) antithetical experiences, and (d) engaging in advocacy. Implications for practice, education, and policy are further discussed.

Evaluation of Restrictions on Tobacco Sales to Youth Younger Than 21 Years in Cleveland, Ohio, Area

Tobacco 21 (T21) policies raise the minimum legal age to purchase tobacco from 18 to 21 years to curb youth access to tobacco products. While some studies have found that T21 is associated with reducing prevalence of youth tobacco use, little is known about the impact it may have on youth of different racial and ethnic identities. To evaluate the association of T21 policy with the prevalence of high school youth tobacco use across sex, race, and ethnicity. This survey study used representative survey data collected from the local biennial Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 2013 to 2017 comparing Cleveland, Ohio (which has a T21 policy), to proximal jurisdictions in the first-ring suburbs in Cuyahoga County (which do not have T21 policies). Within-Cleveland demographic information was also collected for 2013 to 2019. Overall high school youth tobacco use rates were compared between Cleveland and the first-ring suburbs and then examined within Cleveland among Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White high school students. Percentage data were adjusted to more closely align with local population demographics. Data were analyzed from January to June 2022. T21 was implemented in Cleveland in 2016 and not adopted in proximal jurisdictions or at the state and federal level until at least 1 year later. The main outcomes were prevalence of past 30-day cigarette, cigar product, or e-cigarette use, measured using geographically representative high school youth survey data from 2013 to 2015 (prelegislation) and 2017 to 2019 (postlegislation) and compared using a difference-in-differences analysis. The unweighted sample included 12 616 high school students (27.0% [95% CI, 26.9%-28.0%] in 10th grade; 50.9% [95% CI, 50.3%-51.6%] females) participating in 1 or more Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 2013 to 2019, including 7064 students in Cleveland and 5552 students in the first-ring suburbs. Compared with the first-ring suburbs, Cleveland had a greater proportion of younger students (1623 [28.5%] ninth grade students vs 2179 [34.0%] ninth grade students) and Hispanic students (436 students [1.1%] vs 1433 students [12.6%]) and non-Hispanic Black students (2000 students [53.1%] vs 3971 students [75.1%]). Cigars were the most commonly used tobacco product in Cleveland, with use reported by 6201 students (19.8%) in 2013, 5877 students (21.3%) in 2015, and 5784 students (16.8%) in 2019. Compared with the first-ring suburbs, there was a greater decline in prevalence of use of cigars in Cleveland (β = 0.18 [SE, 0.05]; P < .001). The disparity across race, ethnicity, and sex decreased for all current tobacco product use. For example, the maximum difference between demographic subpopulations in current cigarette use was 11.6 (95% CI, 9.5-13.7) percentage points in 2013 between White females (16.1% [95% CI, 11.3%-20.8%]) and Black males (4.5% [95% CI, 3.5%-5.4%]). This maximum difference in current cigarette use decreased significantly to 5.1 (95% CI, 3.5-6.7) percentage points in 2019 between White females (6.9% [95% CI, 3.4%-10.3%]) and Black females (1.8% [95% CI, 0.7%-2.8%]). This survey study found that there was a decline in youth-reported tobacco use across every tobacco product category from 2013 to 2019. This decline changed the trajectory of use among several demographic groups and brought the youth populations with the highest tobacco product use to similar rates of others.

Feeling Black: Black Urban High School Youth and Visceral Geographies of Anti-Black Racism

ABSTRACT Prior research on anti-blackness in education demonstrates that Black bodies are marked as undesirable and therefore require exclusion, neglect, or mistreatment. Building on this research, I turn to geographical theories to understand the lived, everyday experiences of Black students who attended a predominately Latinx high school. Via visceral geographies, I focus on the body as a spatial landscape to explore how Black students experienced anti-black racism and how they embodied these racial moments. Here, I combine the theoretical resources of visceral geographies, BlackCrit, and anti-blackness, to interrogate the real and perceived violence that Black students endured during the school day. My analysis revealed two salient themes: (1) Black students felt a sense of unbelonging, and (2) they perceived their blackness as unimaginable to non-Black people. Finally, I argue that the (Black) body is a space where researchers can collect information about anti-blackness and work towards addressing racism in schools.

Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Promosi Program Pembangunan Keluarga, Kependudukan Dan Keluarga Berencana (Bangga Kencana) Melalui Media Online Terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja Di Kota Banda Aceh

The Family Population and Family Planning Development Program (Bangga Kencana) is a government program mandated through Law number 52 of 2009 concerning Population and Family Development. The Aceh BKKBN has promoted the Proud Kencana program, however, until now the public's understanding, especially the youth's knowledge of the Proud Kencana program, is still lacking. This study focuses on the implementation of the policy of promoting the Proud Kencana program through online media for adolescents. The theory used in this research is the theory of Van Meter and Horn, about the factors that influence policy implementation. This research is a qualitative research, with high school youth and college students as informants. The results of the study indicate that the indicators of basic measures and the objectives of promotion policies play a role in communicating what the public needs in changing the mindset of young people in planning their future (education, work and married life) increasing awareness and understanding of adolescents about population issues, maturing age at marriage. , reproduction health. The source of this program's online promotion policy is carried out by 7 main staff and assisted by 82 BKKBN employees. Social and political factors influence the Proud Kencana program. Socially, almost all of them have cellphones, they support providing opportunities for the implementation of Proud Kencana online. On the other hand, the understanding of teenagers in Bangga Kenca is still limited, so that the interest and access of teenagers in Bangga Kencana is not maximized. Political conditions support the promotion of Proud Kencana Social, economic, and political environmental conditions greatly affect, if conditions are not conducive it can cause problems from the failure of policy implementation performance. The implementer is in accordance with the applicable implementation SOP because the standard of a policy is measured by the extent of planning to the involvement of various competent parties from the beginning of policy formulation to the policy evaluation stage. Keywords : Banda Aceh, BKKBN Aceh, Proud To be Golden.

Effects of a Simulation on Eighth Grade Students’ Business Management Knowledge and Entrepreneurial Intent in an Exploratory Agriculture Course

Entrepreneurship education has historically been part of agricultural education; yet few researchers have studied entrepreneurship-related outcomes for youth in formal and nonformal educational settings. Entrepreneurship education programs develop entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions, but limited studies exist regarding junior high school youth. This quasi-experimental study utilized a business management simulation with eighth grade students and focused on teaching, learning, and outcomes of entrepreneurship in an exploratory agriculture course. Junior high school students had higher business management knowledge when an educational simulation (playing a board game using double-entry accounting and computing financial statements) was used compared to students who were taught using a board game and tracked a cash balance. Students’ entrepreneurship intent was similar between the control and treatment groups after the two-week unit. However, students who previously completing a 4-H animal science project had higher entrepreneurship intent than their peers who did not complete a 4-H animal science project. This study supports the premise that educational simulations can effectively teach business management skills and offers educators an enhanced understanding of how to capitalize on the value of SAEs and 4-H animal science projects when building entrepreneurial skills in youth.

HUBUNGAN EFIKASI DIRI DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TEMAN SEBAYA DENGAN STRES AKADEMIK PADA REMAJA

Adolescents are groups that are vulnerable to academic stress. Academic stress will have a negative impact on high school youth, especially grade XII if it is not handled properly. Efforts to reduce academic stress can be done by increasing the internal and external factors of adolescents, namely self-efficacy and peer social support. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and peer social support with academic stress on adolescents in grade XII at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. This research is descriptive correlational study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample is 206 teenagers of grade XII obtained by using probability sampling with proportional stratified random sampling technique. This study used the Educational Stress Academic for Adolescent (ESSA), General Self-Efficacy (GSE), and Student Academic Support Scale (SASS) questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Spearman Rank. The results of the univariate analysis showed that 47,6% had moderate academic stress, 50,5% had moderate self-efficacy, and 50,5% had moderate peer social support. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was significant relationship between self-efficacy and academic stress (p value = 0,002) and there was significant relationship between peer social support and academic stress (p value = 0,011). The conclusion of this study is that self-efficacy and peer social support can affect the occurrence of academic stress.

Authentic Integration of Ethics and AI through Sociotechnical, Problem-Based Learning

Growing awareness of both the demand for artificial intelligence (AI) expertise and of the societal impacts of AI systems has led to calls to integrate learning of ethics alongside learning of technical skills in AI courses and pathways. In this paper, we discuss our experiences developing and piloting the TechHive:AI curriculum for high school youth that integrates AI ethics and technical learning. The design of the curriculum was guided by the following pedagogical goals: (1) to respond to the capacity-building need for critical sociotechnical competencies in AI workforce pathways; and (2) to broaden participation in AI pathways through intentional instructional design to center equity in learning experiences. We provide an overview of the 30-hour learning sequence’s instructional design, and our “4D Framework,” which we use as a heuristic to help students conceptualize and inspect AI systems. We then provide a focused description of one of three 8-hour modules that make up the sequence. Finally, we present evidence of promise from an exploratory study of TechHive:AI with a small sample of students, and discuss insights from implementation, including from our use of established resources for AI learning within the learning sequence as well as those created by our team.

Interpersonal Violence Victimization Experiences of Middle School Youth: An Exploration by Gender and Sexual/Romantic Attraction

ABSTRACT Sexual minority youth (SMY) are at increased risk for interpersonal violence victimization compared to heterosexual youth. The current study examined how self-reported victimization (i.e., bullying, sexual harassment and dating violence) among middle school youth varied as a function of sexual/romantic attraction as well as gender identity. Cross-sectional data were gathered from students at seven middle schools in New England (n = 2245). Mean comparisons with post-hoc Tukey tests determined differences in rates of past 6-month and lifetime interpersonal violence victimization by sexual/romantic attraction and the intersection of gender and attraction. As hypothesized, interpersonal violence victimization among middle school youth differed as a function of sexual/romantic attraction as well as gender. To date, most research has focused on older samples, particularly high-school youth and young adults. These data are consistent with these prior studies documenting increased risk for interpersonal violence victimization among youth who indicate same-gender attraction but add to the literature in demonstrating the expansive forms of peer victimization that same-gender-attracted youth already experience by early adolescence. Given that victimization is associated acutely and longitudinally with many deleterious outcomes, including poorer mental health and increased risk for subsequent victimization, greater structural supports are needed for early adolescent SMY.