Higher Sales Research Articles

A Short Communication: Contamination and Toxicity Pigment Red 53, Rhodamine B, and Sudan III in Indonesian Cosmetics

The high sales of cosmetic products in the world are not directly proportional to the good quality of cosmetic products. The The Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) declared, from October 2021 to August 2022 as many as 1 million pieces of cosmetic products contain Pigment Red 53, Rhodamine B, and Sudan III which are hazardous and prohibited ingredients. This study aims to disseminate information on case reports and toxicity of Pigment Red 53, Rhodamine B, and Sudan III contamination in Indonesian cosmetics. The study used a descriptive method with a case report study design. The study used secondary data, namely a list of cosmetic products containing Pigment Red 53, Rhodamine B, and Sudan III obtained from the website of the Indonesian authorities through the BPOM. Data collection was carried out on 4-5 October 2022. The BPOM declared 16 cosmetic products from 5 incorporated containing Pigment Red 53, Rhodamine B, and Sudan III. Undoubtedly, BPOM reported cases of Pigment Red 53, Rhodamin B, and Sudan III contamination still occurring from October 2021 to August 2022. The existence of these dyes should not be used as a mixture of cosmetics and personal care. In line with dangerous toxicity, these dyes are mutagenic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic. The BPOM must work even harder in its efforts to monitor safe cosmetic products to protect the health of the Indonesian people.

Товарное позиционирование административно-территориальных единиц Республики Крым

The features of economic zoning and distribution of productive forces of the Republic of Crimea are analyzed. It is shown that the existing zoning for seven economic micro-regions is outdated since their boundaries have not been revised for the last 30 years. During this period of time, there were changes in the target specialization of the regions, and the processes of divergence intensified. The development of such areas is associated with the change in their product positioning and the formation of the concept of origin place, including the transfer of images of the area to a specific product produced by it. By supporting and promoting traditional products of regional origin, it is possible to achieve the development of depressed rural areas. Thanks to this, there is also the possibility of preserving cultural, culinary heritage and traditional ecological production methods. The regional prospects for the development of traditional products within economic potential of individual specific municipalities of the Republic of Crimea are shown. The commodity positioning of administrative and territorial formations is substantiated from the point of view of production capabilities of agricultural and processing enterprises of the peninsula. The opportunities of development of traditional regional products are revealed. The promotion of a traditional product or a regional brand is usually based on its quality characteristics, but this is far from enough since it is not a guarantee for high sales. Despite broad prospects for the sale of such products in supermarkets and large stores, a balanced choice of distributors is necessary, taking into account the fact that such products are positioned as high-quality, fresh ones. It is concluded that in tourist areas it is advisable to organize shorter distribution channels that allow selling authentic goods to the manufacturer directly through specialized stores and fairs, individual entrepreneurs, and small businesses.

Using Google searches of firm products to detect revenue management

We introduce a novel Big Data analytics model to detect upward revenue misreporting. The model uses freely available Google searches of firm products to provide external entity business state (EBS) evidence. The veracity of the reported numbers is enhanced when auditors can obtain external EBS evidence congruent with the reported numbers. The Google search volume index (SVI) of firm products is a good candidate for such EBS evidence because it nowcasts (i.e. predicts present) firm sales and is independent of management control. A large discrepancy such as a high sales growth together with a large decline in the SVI suggests possible manipulation upwards of revenues. We find that an indicator variable, MUP, of a firm in the top sales growth quartile and bottom ΔSVI quartile in each industry-quarter predicts revenue misstatements incrementally to the F_Score, Discretionary-Revenues model, two alternative upward revenue manipulation identifiers, and analyst and media coverages. MUP predictability is stronger in end-user industries and in interim quarters relative to the fourth quarter. We also find corroborating evidence that MUP firms have lower sales growth persistence, larger increases in accounts receivables, and lower allowances for bad debts, consistent with their lower revenue quality.

Using Instagram as a Marketing Strategy for American Restaurants in Surabaya during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on various aspects. One of them is in the business aspect where the number of customers and sales turnover decreases, even businesses that are threatened with bankruptcy. however, jacks diner surabaya restaurant actually took this as their opportunity to establish a new Restaurant in Surabaya City. this becomes interesting to study because jacks diner surabaya restaurant established a restaurant during the covid-19 pandemic by using social media instagram and tiktok as their marketing strategy media. with the aim of attracting the attention of potential consumers. The strategy also aims to achieve high sales turnover. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the marketing strategy of Jacks Diner Surabaya Restaurant with Instagram and TikTok which was carried out during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The research method used in this research is field qualitative with three-stage data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study regarding the use of instagram and tiktok as marketing strategy media for the Jacks Diner Surabaya Restaurant, the manager argues that using Instagram social media which is used as a marketing strategy media is an effective and efficient media for their marketing strategy. This has a positive impact on the sales turnover aspect of Jacks Diner Surabaya Restaurant which shows an increase from April to July after innovating by using social media Instagram.

Indicator Analysis for Cosmetics Companies: Evidence from L’Oréal, Shiseido and Estée Lauder

The Chinese cosmetic market increases dramatically in the last five years, which may correspond with the worldwide consuming and investing trend. This paper refers to the profitability performance of three multinational cosmetics companies, i.e., L’Oréal, Shiseido, and Estée Lauder. The best way to illustrate their aspects is ratio analysis combined with visualizations. To be specific, profitability, liquidity as well as working capital indicators are utilized. As for profitability indicator, it includes net profit margin, return on capital employed. Liquidity indicators include current ratio or quick ratio while working capital indicators include inventory turnover period and cash flow. According to the analysis, P&G and L’Oréal are the best seller in the current market because their market proportion are over 50%. Then, the selling of Shiseido and Etsee lauder are ranked after L’Oréal. The strategy these companies chose is significant to get high sales volume, which includes online or offline sales modes etc. The reflection of the ratio also represents some shortage of their operating. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of the profitability and investment performance.

Does corruption affect firm growth? New evidence from Mozambique

This paper estimates the effect of corruption on firm growth; specifically, in the context of Mozambique. Using instrumental variable estimation to address potential problems of endogeneity and measurement error, the paper finds that corruption has a robust negative effect on sales and productivity growth. The effect is not constant but declines as firm performance drops and corruption increases. This means corruption is most damaging to high-performance firms, meaning firms with higher sales and productivity growth rates, and to firms with lower bribe rates. For low-performance firms and firms with higher bribe rates, the effect gradually approaches zero. The paper contributes to the literatures in two ways. First, it offers a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between corruption and firm growth by showing that the effect of corruption is conditional on firm-specific factors. Second, the paper extends the empirical research on corruption and firm growth to Southern Africa, which has previously been excluded from the literature.

Analisis prediktif perubahan nilai profit berdasarkan klasifikasi pengguna pada usaha jasa logistik

The delivery of logistics services continues to experience a rapid increase in line with the high sales of goods through e-commerce. According to the predetermined standards, each cargo expedition outlet is required to meet the monthly shipment achievement target (tonnage) to avoid fines and an increase in the target rate. This study aims to find out how to anticipate failure to achieve targets, so as to prevent additional operating expenses and profit instability. In this study, quantitative analysis was carried out using two algorithms. The Naïve Bayes algorithm is used to classify service user categories. The results showed that the industrial category contributed greatly to the delivery of cargo expeditions with a total tonnage percentage of 69.33%, while the remaining 30.67% was included in the individual category. Furthermore, the Multiple Linear Regression algorithm is used to predict profit values based on category classes. Predictions were made from October to December which resulted in an increase in profit for the individual category and a decrease in profit for the industrial category. Recommendations that can be made include royalty rewards for customers, brand awareness to attract new customers, as well as business cooperation with MSMEs and other business actors around them.

Overcoming Gender Segregation: How Women Can Succeed in Male-Dominated Fields

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (dei) initiatives worldwide have opened many new doors for women employees in all spheres of work. More companies now acknowledge the value of women in the workplace and are taking advantage of opportunities that have been created by digitalization and the latest advancements in technology. This has also attracted the attention of researchers who are actively focusing their research on the benefits of having more women workforce and the relationship between performance and profit. The digital era presents unlimited pathways for employees to develop themselves and explore new avenues for advancement. However, women are still facing various challenges overlaid with long-established ones. This paper aims to identify occupations with a higher gender gap and outline strategies through which these gaps can be minimized. The paper attempts to demystify the avenues for women, whether entrepreneurship or employment, and discuss the possibilities of stepping into non-traditional job roles. Research has confirmed that along with the apparent benefit of doubling the size of their talent pool, having more women in the company can also improve performance. Women in the workplace (and gender diversity in general) and profit go hand-in-hand. For example, fortune 500 companies with more women on boards do better financially, while higher sales and profits are synonymous with gender-diverse teams (do companies with female executives perform better? N.d.). These are just a few examples of the benefits of more women within an organization. This era of artificial intelligence (ai) technologies offers many new job opportunities and avenues for advancement to employees of all genders. However, women face new challenges overlaid with long-established ones. This paper will discuss how and how women can utilize the opportunities and break through the taboo of being incapable of working in specific sectors. We will demystify the avenues for women, whether entrepreneurship or employment, and discuss the probable possibilities of stepping into newer job roles.

Perbandingan umkm yang memanfaatkan digitalisasi dan non digitalisasi di Lamongan pada era covid-19

Digital disruption and the Covid-19 pandemic are challenges for MSMEs who have not used digital to survive in two conditions simultaneously which have caused many changes in mindset in shopping. The conventional world that exists with its achievements seems to be eroded by changes in disruptive innovation. High sales degradation is felt by MSMEs that have not used digital, while MSMEs that have utilized digital are classified as experiencing low degradation. This study aims to emphasize MSME actors in Lamongan Regency to switch to digitalization by comparing the use of digital media used by MSME actors who have implemented and MSME actors who have not used digital media. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of the study showed that out of 34 respondents who had used digital, there were 16 respondents who had used the application. It can be concluded that degradation is equally felt by non-digital MSMEs and MSMEs that have used digital, but MSMEs that have not used digital experience high degradation.

Leverage and Dividend Policy: Evidence from the Indonesian Stock Exchange

Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of ownership based on managerial and institutional on the leverage and corporate dividends.
 Study Design: We analyzed the correlation between leverage and dividends interaction in several companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange.
 Methodology: Some hypotheses were created and then tested using an equation model. Some equations used in this model can generate an equation system that can describe the variables' dependencies. Furthermore, the two-stage least square (TSLS) method was used as the estimation technique.
 Results: A high level of managerial ownership can decrease leverage and corporate dividend payments. Also, high external capital is needed to increase dividend payments to achieve high asset growth.
 Conclusion: In contrast, high sales growth can decrease the leverage, but increased profitability may lower the dividend payments. Using high force means reducing dividend payments. This research provides information and data as a basis for consideration, support, and sources of thought to management as decision-makers to improve company performance and business development. This research implies that companies can use it as a reference in making financial decisions about the company's business strategy to improve its performance to have a competitive advantage and avoid financial distress.

Developing a Scoring Credit Model Based on the Methodology of International Credit Rating Agencies

The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship of various financial and non-financial (qualitative) factors of performance of non-financial companies and their credit ratings.
 We developed the scoring model which was based on the methodologies of international and Russian rating agencies. The modelled ratings of non-financial companies for 2018–2020 were compared with actual ratings assigned by the rating agencies and discrepancies were explained. The sample includes companies from retail, protein and agriculture, steel, oil and gas sectors from Russia, USA, Luxembourg, England, Canada, India, Ukraine and Brazil.
 The paper proved that addition of business and environmental, social and governance factors improved the quality ofscoring models in comparison to those including only financial metrics. There are strong patterns in the resulting ratings of companies for some industries. Retail industry companies are associated with high sales indicators, while steel industry companies have high interest expenses coverage ratios. Oil and gas industry companies mostly show high results in reserves coefficients.
 The study developed a credit rating forecasting tool that emulates the work of analysts of rating agencies and therefore has a high predictive power. The developed model can be used by financial market practitioners to predict the credit ratings of Russian companies in the face of the refusal of international rating agencies to rate Russian issuers.

Can the new energy vehicles (NEVs) and power battery industry help China to meet the carbon neutrality goal before 2060?

China is working to boost the manufacture, market share, sales, and use of NEVs to replace fuel vehicles in transportation sector to get carbon reduction target by 2060. In this research, using Simapro life cycle assessment software and Eco-invent database, the market share, carbon footprint, and life cycle analysis of fuel vehicles, NEVs, and batteries were calculated from the last five years to next 25 years, with a focus on the sustainable development. Results indicate globally, China had 293.98 m vehicles and 45.22% worldwide highest market share, followed by Germany with 224.97 m and 42.22% shares. Annually China's NEVs production rate is 50%, and sales account for 35%, while the carbon footprint will account for 5.2 E+07 to 4.89 E+07 kgCO2e by 2021–2035. The power battery production 219.7 GWh reaches 150%–163.4%, whereas carbon footprint values in production and use stage of 1 kWh of LFP 44.0 kgCO2eq, NCM-146.8 kgCO2eq, and NCA-370 kgCO2eq. The single carbon footprint of LFP is smallest at about 5.52 E+09, while NCM is highest at 1.84 E+10. Thus, using NEVs, and LFP batteries will reduce carbon emissions by 56.33%–103.14% and 56.33% or 0.64 Gt to 0.006 Gt by 2060. LCA analysis of NEVs and batteries at manufacturing and using stages quantified the environmental impact ranked from highest to lowest as ADP > AP > GWP > EP > POCP > ODP. ADP(e) and ADP(f) at manufacturing stage account for 14.7%, while other components account for 83.3% during the use stage. Conclusive findings are higher sales and use of NEVs, LFP, and reduction in coal-fired power generation from 70.92% to 50%, and increase in renewable energy sources in electricity generation expectedly will reduce carbon footprint by 31% and environmental impact on acid rain, ozone depletion, and photochemical smog. Finally, to achieve carbon neutrality in China, the NEVs industry must be supported by incentive policies, financial aid, technological improvements, and research and development. This would improve NEV's supply, demand, and environmental impact.

Using RFM model to help mobile phone dealer to find their target customers in China

Target customer positioning is the first step for enterprises to develop market strategy. After the completion of user positioning, through the analysis of specific groups, we can accurately know the consumption habits and thinking process of users, which will bring great help to the precision marketing of businesses and reduce operating costs. This paper focuses on using RFM model to help Chinese mobile phone dealer to find their target customers and create a portrait of the target consumers. This paper analyses 263352 different customers with 10 different brands and discusses the valuable cell phone consumers. The result shows Guangdong, Shanghai and Beijing have the highest sales, volume, and number of customers. The top five mobile phone sales are Samsung, Apple, Xiaomi, Huawei and OPPO, among which Samsung accounts for more than half of the share, and Apple accounts for about a quarter. The analysis found that the purchase of Samsung and Apple phones by all age groups and by men and women was relatively average. It was also found that Guangdong, Shanghai, and Beijing accounted for more than 50% of the sales. The percentage important value customers accounts for about 50% of the important customers, which is higher than the average percentage of other e-business products. Despite the sluggish sales figures, mobile e-commerce is still an industry with great potential.

Penerapan Metode K-Means Clustering Untuk Analisa Penjualan Komoditas Toko Tani Indonesia

Thisreportdescribesthegroupingofagriculturalcommodities.AgriculturalCommoditiesaretheresults of farming activities that can be traded, stored and exchanged. In carrying out testing ofthis algorithm, the data used is goods data at the Indonesian Farmer Center shop. In thisapplication, clustering is used using the K-means algorithm. From the data that was processedwith data samples taken at the Indonesian farmer's shop center, three types of data groups wereproduced. Namely low sales data, medium sales data, and high sales data. So that with this datagrouping, the Indonesian farm shop can find out the types of goods that are selling well andwhichare not. Sothatthe goods in the warehousedo notaccumulate.

The Effect of Price, Product Quality, and Promotion on The Purchasing Decision of MS Glow Products at MS Glow Tulungagung Branch Agent

Ms Glow is a beauty skincare manufacturer that has many agents spread throughout Indonesia. In the midst of lots of competition with similar products, Ms Glow managed to score high sales on the Shopee marketplace. This study aims to determine the effect of price, product quality, and promotion partially and simultaneously on purchasing decisions for Ms Glow's products at Ms Glow's Tulungagung branch. Theoretically, there are various factors that can influence the decision to purchase Ms Glow products including price, product quality, and promotions. The population in this study were consumers of Ms Glow Ngantru's products, which were taken using non-probability sampling with an accidental technique. Samples were taken using the Slovin formula at a 95% confidence level so that a total sample of 95 respondents was obtained. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS version 26 program. Hypothesis testing uses the t test and simultaneously with the f test. The results of this study indicate that partially price, product quality, and promotions have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for Ms Glow's products at the Ms Glow agent Tulungagung branch. Whereas the simultaneous test shows that price, product quality, and promotions simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase Ms Glow's products at the Ms Glow agent Tulungagung branch.

PENGARUH FITUR, HARGA, DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK SMARTPHONE OPPO (Studi Kasus di Mentari Cell Jember)


 The Oppo brand smartphone is quite well-known in the Jember area because for teenagers this brand has an affordable price and the benefits of the features that are obtained are sufficient for their daily needs. The results of the initial observation that Oppo is one of the products with high sales. This study aims to determine and identify the effect of price, features and promotions on purchasing decisions. This type of research is quantitative research and data collection techniques using observation, interviews and questionnaires to 106 respondents with sampling techniques, using non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling approach. The analytical tools used in this study are validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis. The test results show that the price variable has no significant effect on product purchasing decisions at Mentari Cell Jember, feature variables have no significant effect on product purchasing decisions at Mentari Cell Jember and promotion variables have a significant effect on product purchasing decisions at Mentari Cell Jember. This proves that promotion can influence customer purchasing decisions, because with promotions the customer can determine the appropriate needs for himself.

Working Capital Needs Assessment due to Business Seasonality in the Logistics Company

The growth of the company's business is generally followed by an increase in the company's revenue. However, to achieve revenue, the company require capital to finance the cost of goods sold, salary expenses, and other expenses before the sales happened. The cost of capital is generally the cost that the company first incurs compared to revenue or cash collection. The impact of costs must be paid in advance or early, while on the other hand cash collection from a customer is received later. If this situation continues over a long period and a bigger amount over time, this condition will make the company hampered to maximize the revenue due to the lack of cash. In this analysis using an international forwarding company in the export and import logistics industry, this company is still small and medium and has limited capital. In the last 5 years, the company has continued to experience an increase in sales from year to year, but due to limited capital, the company cannot fulfil all requests from customers due to maximizing the revenue because of the high cost of goods sold that should be paid first or early. In addition, in this industry, the profits that are generated by companies are tight, so companies tend to avoid bank loans in funding their operational activities. In the operational activities of this company, there is also a difference in the timing of receiving money from customers, which tends to be longer than the difference in payment times. The impact is that even though the company appears to have high liquidity, the company still cannot accept all customer requests because the company's assets are receivables. This is also exacerbated because the logistics business has seasonal sales that depend on global economic activity. In a high sales season, the company tends to have no cash, while in a low sales season, the company has a lot of cash but is not productive. Furthermore, if the company decided to invest the money for expansion, currently the company did not have any calculation of cash required to take all potential revenue in the future.

Inventory Control System on Some Products of Some Selected Supermarkets in Port-Harcourt Rivers State

Inventory management and control are essential to that company since lack of it poses a threat to a company's viability. The inventory management system has been undercut by supermarkets and other corporate entities, increasing the risk of missing goods and faulty record keeping (stock keeping). This leads to poor stock management in supermarkets and other commercial enterprises due to ignorance of the optimal time to place an order and the perfect quantity of the commodity to be ordered. The goal of this study is to implement an inventory control system in selected supermarkets within university of port Harcourt environment. This includes examining the types of stock control measures used by supermarkets, as well as determining the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), the Purchase Cost Per Cycle, and the Total Cost Per Unit Time, and obtaining the optimum level using a single item static model with and without product shortages. Purposive sampling was used to select the items from among the wide range of goods offered in the various supermarkets, including Market Square Supermarket Choba Branch, Everyday Supermarket Choba Branch, and Gemstone Ultra Mart Alakahia, all of which are located near the University of Port Harcourt. According to comparisons outcomes using the values obtained as the EOQ, and Lead time, Market Square supermarket had the highest sales, followed by Everyday supermarket, and then Gemstone supermarkets, with the exception of Dettol, where Everyday Supermarket is in the lead. The most regular purchase item is Golden Morning Products, followed by Indomitable and Dettol Disinfectant in the three supermarkets. Considering the EOQ (Q*) results, the inventory cycle duration (to*), and the overall cost per unit of time (CT*) for both when shortage is allowed and when not allowed, the Indomitable product in the Market Square supermarket has the highest EOQ, the Dettol disinfectant product (250ml) in the Gem Stone supermarket has the cycle length to*, and the Golden Morn product in the Market Square supermarket has the highest optimal total cost per unit time (CT).

PRAKTIK BLACK MARKET PADA KASUS PENJUALAN IPHONE SECOND DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2016–2020

The iPhone is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a distinctive brand image. It has technological advantages that cause the iPhone to have an expensive market price. The iPhone's high price in Indonesia has led to the spread of black-market iPhones that come from black market imports and sold after a reconditioning process. Those black-market iPhones followed by unofficial repairs and without an official warranty. This research aims to discover the cause of the high sales figures of black-market iPhones in Indonesia. This research is analyzed using the theory of black-market prices and the black-market concept: supply and demand effects of legalization. This research is qualitative explanatory, which aims to see the cause and effect of the phenomena. The research showed that the high demand of the black-market iPhones in Indonesia is due to the affordable prices, different tax levels, and the forming regulation of IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) validity to respond to the sales/entry of the black-market iphone in Indonesia and the existence of IMEI registration policy for imported iPhones.

A Longitudinal Study of Sales-Based Investment and Leverage Decisions

The paper develops a system-based approach to investigate the dynamic adjustment of debt structure and investment policies in a context of risky sales. Empirical results were obtained through a panel data set of US DJ-IA firms/constituents index firms with different sectors. The analysis supports that environmental change does not affect equally the different industry since operating leverage differs among industries and so the sensitivity to sales variance. Including adjusted-specific variance, we find that there is no monotonic relation between leverage, sales and investment. The firm may choose a low debt level in response to high sales variance but high leverage to attenuate the negative relation between sales variance and current level of investment. We further find that while the overall effect of debt maturity on leverage is unaffected by the level of growth opportunities, the shorter the maturity of debt is the smaller the direct effect of sales variance on investment.