High Room Temperature Research Articles

Cobalt, nitrogen co-doped microporous carbon matrix derived from metal organic frameworks toward high specific capacity room temperature sodium sulfur batteries

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries have been getting increasing attention in the field of energy storage system thanks to their advantages of high specific capacity, good safety, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, limited by the low conductivity, large volume change and complex reaction, the utilization rate of active sulfur is still unacceptable, which delays the practical application of RT Na–S battery. Herein, derived from CoZn-ZIFs, a cobalt, nitrogen co-doped microporous carbon matrix (Co,N-MPC) has been devised to exploit capacity of active sulfur as fully as possible. In the case of appropriate Co content, the affluent micropores limit the size of sulfur and inhibit the volume change. And the well-dispersed Co and N elements improve the adsorption of the matrix to sulfur species and promote their transformation process. Owing to their synergistic effect, the S@Co,N-MPC-10% electrode presents stable cycling (1134.63 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C) and high rate capacity (835.01 mAh g−1 at 3.0 C). This work might provide beneficial insights to the development of efficient sulfur matrixes of RT Na–S batteries.

A novel design of inorganic-polymer gel electrolyte/anode interphase in quasi-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

The aim of this work is to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries by developing an inorganic-polymer gel electrolyte and anode electrode, which both use helical mesoporous silica nanofibers (HMSFs) as the skeletons. Based on this design, the electrolyte/anode interphase is naturally integrated, which consequently show excellent properties in electrochemical measurements. The HMSFs incorporated into P(VDF-HFP) matrix to form the electrolyte membranes (named as NPCGE) exhibit high thermal stability (up to 372 ℃), wide electrochemical window (5.30 V), and high room temperature ionic conductivity (1.2 × 10−3 S cm−1). Meanwhile, helical mesoporous silica/Fe-N-doped carbon composite nanofibers (HMSFs@Fe-N-C) was fabricated by carbonizing Fe-adsorbed resin/silica/gel composites and then acted as the anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The assembled HMSFs@Fe-N-C|NPCGE|Li cell show a high specific capacity around 1290 mAh g−1 over 500 cycles at a current density of 0.3 A g−1 and excellent rate performance, which was not only ascribed to the special composition and nanostructure of the electrolyte and electrode materials, but also to the benign interfacial contacts.

Advanced Composite Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Filler Dimensional Design and Ion Path Optimization.

Composite solid electrolytes are considered to be the crucial components of all-solid-state lithium batteries, which are viewed as the next-generation energy storage devices for high energy density and long working life. Numerous studies have shown that fillers in composite solid electrolytes can effectively improve the ion-transport behavior, the essence of which lies in the optimization of the ion-transport path in the electrolyte. The performance is closely related to the structure of the fillers and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components including polymer matrices and lithium salts. In this review, the dimensional design of fillers in advanced composite solid electrolytes involving 0D-2D nanofillers, and 3D continuous frameworks are focused on. The ion-transport mechanism and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components are highlighted. In addition, sandwich-structured composite solid electrolytes with fillers are also discussed. Strategies for the design of composite solid electrolytes with high room temperature ionic conductivity are summarized, aiming to assist target-oriented research for high-performance composite solid electrolytes.

Effect of donor groups on the photovoltaic performance of benzothiadiazole-core substituted small molecules for fullerene-based bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

Herein, two symmetric donor-π-acceptor-π-donor-type π-conjugated small molecule donors (BTM and BTP), based on a benzothiadiazole central acceptor core unit and end-capped with electron-donating triphenylamine and 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl, are synthesized via a multistep coupling reaction. The structural, thermal, optical, and electrochemical properties of the small molecules are systematically analyzed; subsequently, the molecules are applied as electron donor materials for bulk heterojunction organic solar cell fabrication. Compared with BTM, BTP exhibits a strong absorption spectrum with a precisely tuned optical bandgap (approximately 1.87 eV), desired morphology, and improved interfacial properties. The solar devices fabricated with BTP:PC71BM (1:2.5, w/w) exhibit a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 7.08% with an enhanced current density (JSC) of approximately 12.90 mA/cm2, high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of approximately 0.989 V, and fill factor (FF) of approximately 55.5% compared with BTM-based devices (approximately 4.86%). Notably, the high VOC achieved for the BTP:PC71BM (1:2.5, w/w) devices is a result of the deep-lying HOMO energy level and low LUMO energy offset (approximately 0.51 eV) between the BTP donor and PC71BM acceptor. The high hydrophobicity and stable surface morphology of BTP:PC71BM (1:2.5, w/w) exhibits a high room temperature stability approximately > 94% and retain 6.70% of PCE of its original PCE (7.08%) after 288 hr.

Elastomeric Electrolyte for High Capacity and Long-Cycle-Life Solid-State Lithium Metal Battery.

High room-temperature ionic conductivity and good compatibility with lithium metal and cathode materials are prerequisites for solid-state electrolytes used in lithium metal batteries. Here, the solid-state polymer electrolytes (SSPE) are prepared by combining the traditional two-roll milling technology with interface wetting. The as-prepared electrolytes consisting of elastomer matrix and high-mole-loading of LiTFSI salt show a high room temperature ionic conductivity of 4.6×10-4 S cm-1 , a good electrochemical oxidationstability up to 5.08V, and improved interface stability. These phenomena are rationalized with the formation of continuous ion conductive paths based on sophisticated structure characterization including synchrotron radiation Fourier-transform infrared microscopy, wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering. Moreover, at room temperature, the Li||SSPE||LFP coin cell shows a high capacity (161.5 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C), long-cycle-life (retaining 50% capacity and 99.8% Coulombic efficiency after 2000 cycles), and good C-rate compatibility up to 5 C. This study, therefore, provides a promising solid-state electrolyte that meets both the electrochemical and mechanical requirements of practical lithium metal batteries.

Epitaxial Grown VO2 with Suppressed Hysteresis and Low Room Temperature Resistivity for High-Performance Thermal Sensor Applications

The ability of VO2 to undergo semiconductor-to-metal phase transition (SMT) upon heating makes it a very attractive material for uncooled bolometers. The SMT of VO2 represents a large temperature coefficient of resistance, which is an important parameter for the development of highly responsive microbolometers. However, other characteristics of the SMT of VO2 such as its high transition temperature (341.2 K), the sharpness of the transition, its hysteresis, and the high room temperature resistivity limit the performance of this material in microbolometers. In this work, we grow a high-quality epitaxial ultrathin film VO2 on c-plane Al2O3 by pulsed laser deposition. The low deposition temperature and tuning the oxygen partial pressure during the growth process enable control over the grain size and oxygen vacancy concentration. This allowed controlling the SMT parameters of the samples. In particular, we show that the high density of grain boundaries associated with nanosized grains suppresses the thermal hysteresis of the SMT. Simultaneous control over the density of oxygen vacancies and the size of grains enables the adjustment of the temperature coefficient of resistance, room temperature resistivity, SMT temperature, sharpness, and thermal hysteresis toward suitable values for the fabrication of efficient VO2-based uncooled bolometers. Compared with other VO2 fabrication methods, this approach can be viewed as a simpler alternative for VO2 fabrication with favorable properties for practical bolometer applications.

Room-temperature self-healing polyurethane–cellulose nanocrystal composites with strong strength and toughness based on dynamic bonds

Self-healing materials suffer from a trade-off relationship between their self-healing ability and mechanical strength, which limits their applications. Therefore, we developed a room-temperature self-healing supramolecular composite based on polyurethane (PU) elastomer, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and multiple dynamic bonds. In this system, the abundant hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the CNCs form multiple hydrogen bonds with the PU elastomer, yielding a dynamic physical cross-linking network. This dynamic network enables self-healing without degrading the mechanical properties. As a result, the obtained supramolecular composites exhibited high tensile strength (24.5 ± 2.3 MPa), good elongation at break (1484.8 ± 74.9 %), favourable toughness (156.4 ± 31.1 MJ m−3, which is equivalent to that of spider silk and 5.1-times higher than that of aluminium), and excellent self-healing efficiency (95 ± 1.9 %). Notably, the mechanical properties of the supramolecular composites were almost completely retained after reprocessing three times. Further, using these composites, flexible electronic sensors were prepared and tested. In summary, we have reported a method for preparing supramolecular materials having high toughness and room temperature self-healing ability that have applications in flexible electronics.

Al and Ta co-doped LLZO as active filler with enhanced Li+ conductivity for PVDF-HFP composite solid-state electrolyte

Battery safety calls for solid state batteries and how to prepare solid electrolytes with excellent performance are of significant importance. In this study, hybrid solid electrolytes combined with organic PVDF-HFP and inorganic active fillers are studied. The modified active fillers of Li7−x−3y Al y La3Zr2–x Ta x O12 are obtained by co-element doping with Al and Ta when LLZO is synthesized by calcination. And an high room temperature ionic conductivity of 5.357 × 10−4 S cm−1 is exhibited by ATLLZO ceramic sheet. The composite solid electrolyte PVDF-HFP/LiTFSI/ATLLZO (PHL-ATLLZO) is prepared by solution casting method, and its electrochemical properties are investigated. The results show that when the contents of lithium salt LiTFSI and active filler ATLLZO are controlled at 40 wt% and 10%, respectively, the ionic conductivity of the resulting composite solid electrolyte is as high as 2.686 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature, and a wide electrochemical window of 4.75 V is exhibited. The LiFePO4/PHL-ATLLZO/Li all-solid-state battery assembled based on the composite solid-state electrolyte exhibits excellent cycling stability at room temperature. The cell assembled by casting the composite solid-state electrolyte on the cathode surface shows a discharge specific capacity of 134.3 mAh g−1 and 96.2% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C. The prepared composite solid-state electrolyte demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance.

Stability of High Concentration Capsaicin in Transfersome Carriers in Gel Dosage Form

Topical capsaicin with high concentrations (8%) is effective in the treatment of pain in Post-Herpetic Neuralgia (PHN) and HIV-Associated Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP) patients. High concentrations of capsaicin encapsulated in transfersome nanovesicles aim to reduce the irritating ability of capsaicin when using as drugs. Gel preparations were chosen in the formulation because they are non-sticky, easy to wash, easy to apply, and more practical. The components contained in the gel affect the stability of the gel. Physical and chemical stability tests need to be carried out to ensure the quality, safety and efficacy of the gel so that it meets the expected specifications during its shelf life. This study aims to determine the stability of selected gel formulas containing high concentrations of transfersome capsaicin. The selected gel formula is a gel containing a mixture of phosphatidylcholine (Phospholiphon 90G®) and Tween 80 (80:20). Stability was carried out at high temperature (40±2oC), room temperature (30±2oC), low temperature (5±3oC), and cycling test. The stability parameters tested included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, and assay. The results of the transfersom capsaicin gel stability test showed no change in pH, viscosity, and assay in all storage conditions, but the gel showed a change in color, smell, and taste when stored at high temperatures (40 ± 2oC). It can be concluded that the resulting capsaicin transfersome gel formula with a phospholipid:tween ratio of 80 (80:20) was less stable during 12 weeks of storage at 40 oC

Suppressing mechanical dissipation of diamagnetically levitated oscillator via engineering conductive geometry

Diamagnetically levitated oscillators of millimeter and submillimeter size are emerging ultrasensitive sensors for gravitylike force and acceleration measurements. However, improving the levitation capability while keeping mechanical dissipation low remains an open challenge. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an engineering conductive geometry scheme to efficiently reduce the mechanical dissipation of a diamagnetically levitated oscillator made of pyrolytic graphite. We show that with a specially designed conductive geometry, the eddy current damping is reduced, and the reduction factor increases as the engraving pattern being denser. Under high vacuum and room temperature, eddy current damping is the dominant contribution to mechanical dissipation, and we reduce it by a factor of 50 in the experiment. Our work opens up a new way to achieve diamagnetically levitated oscillator with ultralow mechanical dissipation and strong levitation capability, a candidate platform for studying a broad range of fundamental physics.

Tailoring solid‐state synthesis routes for high confidence production of phase pure, low impedance Al‐LLZO

AbstractLithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) garnet is a solid‐state lithium ion conducting electrolyte promising all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSB) with high charge rates and good energy density due to its chemical stability against lithium metal anodes. LLZO has a high room temperature Li ion conductivity of ∼0.1–1 mS/cm in its cubic phase, but the stability of the cubic phase and ionic conductivity are highly sensitive to lithium stoichiometry. Stabilizing agents such as aluminum oxide and excess lithium are needed to preserve the cubic phase and compensate for lithium volatility. With the range of the end LLZO products spanning powders, porous membranes to dense membranes combined with sintering/calcination that often exceeds 1000°C, it is challenging to maintain an ideal lithium content given its high volatility from a single base powder. This study was designed to elucidate the sensitivities of aluminum doped LLZO powder synthesis and processing along its path to being utilized in a ceramic‐manufacturing optimized ASSB. By utilizing thermogravimetric analysis in conjunction with in situ X‐ray diffraction analysis of solid‐state LLZO synthesis, it was discovered that the sensitivity of the LLZO cubic phase to lithium volatility can be reduced via early incorporation of excess lithium carbonate during initial phase formation in direct combination with controlled surface‐to‐volume ratios of the powders. Isostatically pressed powders of our LLZO sintered at 1100°C for 2 h showed RT ionic conductivity of 0.3–0.4 mS/cm measured via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and an improvement in microstructural uniformity with lowered porosity. The improved suppression of lithium volatilization has important implications for the scalable production of LLZO powders and assembly of ASSBs.

Pressure-freezing of dodecane: exploring the crystal structures, formation kinetics and phase diagrams for colossal barocaloric effects in n-alkanes.

Barocaloric (BC) materials provide cheaper and more energy efficient alternatives to traditional refrigerants. Some liquid alkanes were recently shown to exhibit a colossal BC effect, matching the entropy changes in commercial vapour-liquid refrigerants. Dodecane was predicted to have the largest entropy change among the studied alkanes. Using synchrotron powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and lattice energy calculations, we investigated the BC effects of n-dodecane at high pressures and room temperature. Remarkably, a colossal entropy change |ΔS| of 778 J kg-1 K-1 at 0.15(3) GPa and 295 K was observed. Spectroscopic studies revealed that this entropy change correlates closely with the conformational transition from mixed gauche to all-trans forms during pressure-induced crystallization. Additionally, the usage of a diamond anvil cell allowed the determination of the crystal structures of in situ crystallized n-un- and dodecane, as well as evaluation of the pressure-dependent crystal growth kinetics. Furthermore, our research suggests that the entropy change (per kilogram) upon compression should be similar for all n-alkanes within the range of 9-18 carbon atoms in the molecule, based on their lattice energies. Even-numbered alkanes are predicted to exhibit superior BC properties compared to their odd-numbered counterparts due to the more symmetric crystal structures and lower propensity to form plastic phases with lower transition entropy.

A porous cobalt(II)-organic framework exhibiting high room temperature proton conductivity and field-induced slow magnetic relaxation.

A two-dimensional (2D) cobalt(II) metal-organic framework (MOF) constructed by a ditopic organic ligand, formulated as {[Co(Hbic)(H2O)]·4H2O}n (1) (H2bic = 1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid), was hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that the distorted octahedral Co2+ ions, as coordination nodes, are bridged to form 2D honeycomb networks, which are further organized into a 3D supramolecular porous framework through multiple hydrogen bonds and interlayer π-π interactions. Dynamic crystallography experiments reveal the anisotropic thermal expansion behavior of the lattice, suggesting a flexible hydrogen-bonded 3D framework. Interestingly, hydrogen-bonded (H2O)4 tetramers were found to be located in porous channels, yielding 1D proton transport pathways. As a result, the compound exhibited a high room-temperature proton conductivity of 1.6 × 10-4 S cm-1 under a relative humidity of 95% through a Grotthuss mechanism. Magnetic investigations combined with theoretical calculations reveal giant easy-plane magnetic anisotropy of the distorted octahedral Co2+ ions with the experimental and computed D values being 87.1 and 109.3 cm-1, respectively. In addition, the compound exhibits field-induced slow magnetic relaxation behavior at low temperatures with an effective energy barrier of Ueff = 45.2 cm-1. Thus, the observed electrical and magnetic properties indicate a rare proton conducting SIM-MOF. The foregoing results provide a unique bifunctional cobalt(II) framework material and suggest a promising way to achieve magnetic and electrical properties using a supramolecular framework platform.

A supramolecular electrode with high self-healing efficiency at room temperature, recyclability and durability for dielectric elastomer generators

An electrode for DEGs is prepared, which has high conductivity stability, low energy loss and high room temperature self-healing efficiency.

底面集合組織の形成を抑制したAZ31Bマグネシウム合金板材の室温深絞り成形性に及ぼすプロセス因子の影響

The effects of process parameters on room-temperature (RT) deep drawability were investigated for AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets, in which the formation of basal texture was suppressed by high-temperature rolling. When the blank holder force was set to the minimum value to prevent wrinkling, high RT drawability was obtained. In particular, a significantly high limiting drawing ratio (LDR) of 1.83 was obtained by the optimization of the process parameters of the servo-press machine. At higher punch speeds, the drawability tended to be deteriorated; however, a high LDR of 1.72 was obtained even at a high punch speed of 50mm/s by the optimization of the process parameters of the servo-press machine. Furthermore, when the punch speed in the initial stage of deep drawing was reduced, it was possible to perform deep drawing without fracture even if the punch speed in the later stages was increased. The results of the study of the effect of lubricants indicated that relatively high RT drawability was obtained when molybdenum disulfide was utilized. It was also suggested to be important to select a lubricant that reduces punch load and does not delaminate during deep drawing.

The Effects of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) on the Residual Mechanical Properties of Concrete after Exposure to High Temperatures—Review

Fire events remain a severe hazard despite significant progress in the construction industry. The high-temperature resistance of concrete structures highly depends on the properties of their ingredients. The present study provides an analytical review of the available experimental studies investigating the influence of high temperatures on the residual mechanical characteristics of concrete, namely compressive and tensile strength, as well as the modulus of elasticity. This paper primarily focuses on the influences of supplementary cementing materials, including silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), as well as different aggregate types. The literature findings show that the mechanical characteristics of concrete are degraded dramatically due to heat-caused changes in concrete. In addition, the mechanical properties of concrete are highly influenced by the types of aggregate and the amount of supplementary cementing materials at both high temperatures and room temperature. The inclusion of FA and GGBFS improves the high-temperature resistance of concrete. However, high contents of FA and GGBFS result in adverse effects on the properties of concrete. This review will provide a basis for future studies and enhance the knowledge of the behaviour of reinforced concrete structures subjected to high temperatures.

Biodegradable poly-ε-caprolactone based porous polymer electrolytes for high performance supercapacitors with carbon electrodes

Herein, we report porous polymers electrolytes (PPEs), composed of a biodegradable polymer poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), activated with organic liquid electrolyte (ethylene carbonate (EC)/propylene carbonate (PC)/NaClO4) and an ionic liquid (IL)-incorporated electrolyte (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethane-sulfonate (EMITf)/Na-trifluoromethane sulfonate (NaTf). The porous polymeric membranes are prepared via a simple, one step immersion precipitation method, which provide channels for ionic transport. Morphological/structural, thermal and electrochemical studies on PPEs exhibit excellent flexibility, good porosity (∼80%), high (∼90%) liquid electrolyte uptake and high room temperature ionic conductivity (1.8–1.9 × 10−3 Scm−1) with wide electrochemical stability window (>5.0 V). Quasi-solid-state carbon supercapacitors/electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) are fabricated from symmetrical activated carbon (AC) electrodes (derived from a waste-biomass, sugarcane bagasse), separated by PPE-films. The supercapacitor based on IL-incorporated PPE exhibits higher specific capacitance (∼170 F g−1) and specific energy (∼34 Wh kg−1) compared to the device based on organic solvents-based PPEs (∼130 F g−1 and ∼24 Wh kg−1, respectively). Substantial energy storage in supercapacitor is evident from the glow of LED (35–50 mW) for longer duration. The device demonstrates stable performance up to ∼10,000 charge-discharge cycles with ∼15% initial capacitance fading and ∼100% Coulombic efficiency.

Effects of Nb on Elevated-Temperature Properties of Fire-Resistant Steel

Objective: Two kinds of fire-resistant steel with different Nb content (Nb-free and 0.03 wt.%) were prepared for studying the effects of Nb addition on the elevated-temperature strength of fire-resistant steel. Methods: Two stages of heat treatment were carried out on the steels to obtain different microstructures. Typical microstructures, dislocation, and precipitates morphology of steels were observed by SEM and TEM. The dislocation density was calculated by the X-ray data from the microstructures. High temperature and room temperature mechanical properties of steels were determined by tensile testing. Results: The results showed that the YS of N2-HR steel (addition of 0.03 wt.% Nb) at RT and 600 °C was higher than N1-HR steel (Nb-free) by about 81 and 30 MPa, respectively. This indicates that Nb is an alloying element as effective as Mo in increasing the elevated-temperature strength of fire-resistant steel. The dominant strengthening mechanisms of Nb addition on elevated-temperature yield strength are precipitation strengthening and bainite strengthening. Conclusions: Theoretical analysis shows that there are two precipitation strengthening stages in fire-resistant steel: (1) increasing dislocation density during hot rolling, and (2) blocking dislocation movement and recovery in tensile testing. The results also show that the effect of fine grain strengthening is not obvious at high temperature, but is obvious at room temperature.

The optimal tuning of electronic structure, magnetic, and optical properties of (Fe, V + VO/VSn) co-doped SnO2 via first-principles calculations.

Dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) with both charge and spin degrees of freedom have emerged as promising candidates in the spintronic industry. However, the Curie temperature below room temperature and uncertainty about the origin of ferromagnetism hinder the application of DMSs. To address these issues, we explored a better SnO2-based co-doped method (Fe, V + VSn) using ab initio calculations. The calculation results show that the Sn13FeVO32 (Fe, V + VSn) has a high Curie temperature (716K), good ferromagnetic properties, stronger covalency of bonds, and better optical transparency in the visible light range. In addition, the holes or electrons generated by the complexes in the (Fe, V + VO/VSn) co-doped system cause a spin-polarized double exchange effect in the Fe-3d, V-3d, and O-2p orbitals, which leads to magnetism of the co-doped systems. The static dielectric constant ɛ1(0) of the system increases after doping. Among them, Sn14FeVO31 (Fe, V + VO) has the largest ɛ1(0), indicating that Sn14FeVO31 has the strongest polarization ability and better photocatalytic properties. In Sn14FeVO31, the imaginary part of the dielectric function and the absorption spectrum all have new peaks in the low-energy region, which are caused by the jump of electrons from the guide band of the spin-polarized impurity energy level. This paper proposes a new method for preparing dilute magnetic semiconductors in spin electronic devices with high room temperature ferromagnetic properties and excellent optical properties through the (Fe, V + VO/VSn) co-doped SnO2.

Testicular heat shock protein effects of Methanolic and Phenolic extracts of N. sativa seed in chronic heat-stressed male Wistar rats

In order to evaluate the efficacy of crude methanolic and phenolic extracts of Nigella sativa seed in modulating protective role response in mammals under chronic heat stress. Forty nine mature male Wister rats (weighted: 250 ± 10 g, aged: 8 weeks) has been randomly divided into 7 equal groups. Four groups were reared under normal room temperature (20±1ºC) which included negative control (Nc) was reared without any treatment, positive control (C) was drenched with drinking water, treated group (M) was drenched with metanolic extract of N. sativa (1 g/ kg bw), and treated group (P) was drenched with phenolic extract of N. sativa (0.3 g/ kg bw). Other three groups has been reared under high room temperature (35 ± 1 cº) which included heated positive control (Hc) was drenched drinking water, heated treated group (Hm) was drenched with methanolic extract of N. sativa (1 g/ kg bw), and heated treated group (Hp) was drenched with phenolic extract of N. sativa (0.3 g/ kg bw). The experiment extended for 18 days.Twenty four hours after the last day of experiment, male rats has been sacrificed and body organs testis was removed and weighted .Testis samples (100 mg) were quickly obtained and putted in liquid nitrogen for heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression analysis using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Revealed insignificant differences in testes weights among the experimental groups. RT-PCR results showed that level of mRNA expression of HSP70 gene in testis tissues in treatment groups methanolic extract (M, Hm) (1g/ kg, BW, daily) and phenolic compound (P, Hp, 0.3g/ kg, BW, daily) of Nigella sativa seed was significantly higher than that of non-treated groups (Nc, C, and Hc). We have suggested that crude methanolic extract and phenolic compounds obtained from Nigella sativa seed have an efficient role in modulating protective role response of mammals under chronic heat stress in mature male Wistar rats.