High-rise Buildings In China Research Articles

Studies on restoring force model of concrete filled steel tubular laced column to composite box-beam connections

Mega composite structure systems have been widely used in high rise buildings in China. Compared to other structures, this type of composite structure systems has a larger cross-section with less weight. Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) laced column to box-beam connections are gaining popularity, in particular for the mega composite structure system in high rise buildings. To enable a better understanding of the destruction characteristics and aseismic performance of these connections, three different connection types of specimens including single-limb bracing, cross bracing and diaphragms for core area of connections were tested under low cyclic and reciprocating loading. Hysteresis curves and skeleton curves were obtained from cyclic loading tests under axial loading. Based on these tested curves, a new trilinear hysteretic restoring force model considering rigidity degradation is proposed for CFST laced column to box-beam connections in a mega composite structure system, including a trilinear skeleton model based on calculation, law of stiffness degradation and hysteresis rules. The trilinear hysteretic restoring force model is compared with the experimental results. The experimental data shows that the new hysteretic restoring force model tallies with the test curves well and can be referenced for elastic-plastic seismic analysis of CFST laced column to composite box-beam connection in a mega composite structure system.

Review and Prospect of Study on External Vertical Fire Spread up High Rise Buildings in China

In recent years, a large number of incidents of external fire spread up high rise buildings happened in the world. One of main reasons is that combustible organic materials, EPS, Polyurethane, etc, are used in external thermal insulation system (ETIS) for energy conservation purpose. In some incidents, fire spread in combustible organic materials couple with that from window to window make it impossible for fire fighters to prevent the external vertical fire spread up high rise buildings and caused severe damage to structures and loss of life and property. In this paper, some typical external wall fire hazards in China are described briefly, and then relative research progresses are presented. Furthermore, some research needs and possible directions of future research are proposed.

Current situation and research of structural design for super high-rise buildings in China

With China's economic progress, super high-rise buildings have mushroomed from Yantze River delta and Pearl River delta to Circum-Bohai-Sea region and some second-tier cities. The applicability of frame-core tube, framed tube-core tube, mega frame-core tube and mega frame-core tube-mega support is described. With the increase in height, mega frame and mega support have found more applicatons. Composite structures are popular for super high-rise buildings. Based on the construction cost of collected buildings projects, the influences of height, seismic intensity and structural system on the cost of installation and civil engineering are analyzed. Issues of structural design and analysis, such as aerodynamics modification for wind-resistant and influence of structures on long-period responses, are discussed.

Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Full Encased Steel-Concrete Composite Columns

AbstractWith the rapid development of high-rise buildings in China, the steel-concrete composite structure is widely used because of its excellent seismic performance. So far, all of the high-rise buildings that rise more than 300 m in China are of a steel-concrete composite structure, which are designed based on Chinese codes. During the construction process, two main problems are encountered, as follows: (1) minimum stirrup ratio, and (2) embedded depth ratio for steel-concrete composite columns, which are strictly limited by Chinese codes. To solve those problems, 26 steel-concrete composite columns were tested under low cyclic reversed loading to simulate an earthquake load. By analyzing the failure patterns, hysteresis loops, skeleton curves, energy-dissipation capacity, and ductility of such specimens, the influence of the axial compression ratio, stirrup ratio, steel section shape, and steel embedded depth ratio on the seismic behavior of steel-concrete composite members are discussed. In accordanc...

Review on the Fire Safety of Exterior Wall Claddings in High-rise Buildings in China

In recent years, several major fires occurred in high-rise buildings involving rapid fire spread upon the exterior walls and facades, and caused severe damage and loss. The extensive use of combustible insulation materials without proper fire protections and barriers were believed to contribute to the uncontrollable fire spread in the high-rise buildings. This paper reviews the current code and standard environment regulating the fire safety of exterior wall claddings in China. Three high-rise building fire cases involving rapid exterior wall fire spread are also discussed by analyzing the fire causes, propagation mechanisms and problems. The recent research progress and regulation development on the fire protection of exterior wall claddings are also presented. It was suggested that limiting the combustibility of insulation materials used in the exterior wall cladding associated with building heights, as well as proper fire protections and barriers would provide acceptable fire safety performance of exterior wall claddings in high-rise buildings.© 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Asia-Oceania Association for Fire Science and Technology.

The embodied energy and emissions of a high-rise education building: A quantification using process-based hybrid life cycle inventory model

Due to the lack of energy intensity data for building materials and the high integration of the construction sector in national input–output tables, applications of conventional process-based life cycle inventory (LCI) and input–output (I–O) LCI models are hindered in China. This study developed a process-based hybrid LCI model to calculate the embodied energy and emissions of a typical high-rise building in China, which has a frame-shear wall and reinforced concrete frame structure. The I–O model used for building materials manufacturing is based on the 2007 Chinese economic benchmark statistics. The process-based model uses the specific data of transportation and construction activities. Results show that the embodied energy of the case building was 309,965GJ and, the energy intensity is 6.3GJm−2. The embodied energy is dominated by coal and the shares of diesel fuel and electricity in total energy were significant. The embodied emissions mainly derive from the electricity sector and gas and water production due to its intensive coal consumption. Results of the process-based hybrid model were moderately higher (5–13%) than the I–O model values.

Talk about Structural Design of High-Rise Buildings

with the fast development of Chinese economy, the number of high-rise buildings has climbed rapidly and created major impacts consequently. In consideration of this, it is necessary to discuss the structural design of high-rise buildings as an important issue. In this article, the author analyzes the basic characteristics and main steps of high-rise building's structural design, and elaborates his own understanding of type selection and seismic design thereof. As high-rise buildings in China are increased at geometric rate, their types and functions have become increasingly complicated, and their structural system more diversified. In this process of fast growth, any omission or mistake is very likely to make the entire design more complicated or unsafe. Therefore, structural design of high-rise buildings is a lasting and complicated process, and also the focus and difficulty in architect's design. The author will hereby elaborate his thoughts on the structural design of high-rise buildings.

Simulation of Fire and Evacuation in High-Rise Building

Abstract The development of high-rise building in china is described. The high-rise building fire risk analysis is introduced, and the high-rise structural fire accident in Shanghai is analyzed. Based on the plan of Shanghai high-rise building, in this paper a high-rise building which has the same plan in a city is selected to study the movement and evacuation of it using CFAST and Building EXODUS (V40.6). The purpose of the simulation is to study the advantage and weakness of this structural form of high-rise building.

Horizontal Translocation of a High-Rise Building: Case Study

AbstractThis case study presents the horizontal translocation of the Hongxing Mansion, a high-rise building in China, which was moved transversally for 26 m because of modifications in urban planning. The 13-story RC frame-wall structure was built in 2002 with a total height of 63.2 m and a total weight of 109,881 kN, making the project unique as compared with other similar cases. The executive process of this project is introduced, including the initial planning, design, and construction procedures. A load underpinning system was proposed that can transfer the vertical loads uniformly to the rails and distribute the propelling loads from the loaded end to the other end of the building. Anchor-jacked piles were used at the original foundation from the limited indoor clear height so that rails in the original basement can be well supported without the need of large piling machines. A special moving system was proposed and successfully applied, which combined the advantages of pull and push, so that the eff...

Study on Selection and Optimization of Vertical Transportation Equipment for High-Rise Construction

High-rise buildings in China has developed rapidly in recent years and problems such as construction and vertical transportation have been paid close attention more and more by society. The safety project management objective system mentioned in this article has comprehensively considered the characteristics of high-rise construction and vertical transportation and provided a comprehensive evaluation system for vertical transportation equipment for high-rise construction, which may be used for guiding equipment selection and optimization of equipment use. Meanwhile, the study results are applied in practical project to verify its effectiveness and practicability, so as to guide the enterprises to reasonably select and use vertical transportation equipment for high-rise construction and to realize the integration benefits of the project.

Galloping analysis of roof structures

This paper presents galloping analysis of multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structural roofs with multiple orientations. Instead of using drag and lift coefficients and/or their combined coefficient in traditional galloping analysis for slender structures, this study uses wind pressure coefficients for wind force representation on each and every different orientation roof, facilitating the galloping analysis of multiple-orientation roof structures. In the study, influences of nonlinear aerodynamic forces are considered. An energy-based equivalent technique, together with the modal analysis, is used to solve the nonlinear MDOF vibration equations. The critical wind speed for galloping of roof structures is derived, which is then applied to galloping analysis of roofs of a stadium and a high-rise building in China. With the aid of various experimental results obtained in pertinent research, this study also shows that consideration of nonlinear aerodynamic forces in galloping analysis generally increases the critical wind speed, thus enhancing aerodynamic stability of structures.

Composite construction for columns in high-rise buildings in China

This paper outlines the growth in the use of concrete-filled steel tubes for columns in high-rise buildings in China during the last 20 years. Four buildings are described as examples. An outline design is given for one column of the SEG Plaza building in Shenzhen using the Chinese Code DL/T5085-1999 and this is compared to the design by Eurocode 4; the two codes give a similar design for this column. The economic advantages of using this form of construction are presented.

Composite construction for columns in high-rise buildings in China

This paper outlines the growth in the use of concrete-filled steel tubes for columns in high-rise buildings in China during the last 20 years. Four buildings are described as examples. An outline design is given for one column of the SEG Plaza building in Shenzhen using the Chinese Code DL/T5085-1999 and this is compared to the design by Eurocode 4; the two codes give a similar design for this column. The economic advantages of using this form of construction are presented.

Application and Development of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes (CFST) in High Rise Buildings

In recent years, theoretical research achievements in China have clearly showed the advantages of CFST members. Especially they have a better aseismic performance than steel structures. In addition, for high-rise buildings, the wall of the steel tubes used in CFST structures are much thinner plate than that of normal steel columns. Considering the shortage of thick steel plates in China, the structural erection and the amount of site welding, CFST structures provide a reasonable and convenient alternative for Chinese engineers. Since the early 1980s, Chinese engineers have been using CFST structures in practice. So far, CFST structures have been adopted in more than 15 high-rise buildings in China.

Application of prestressed concrete floor system in high-rise buildings in China

Application of prestressed concrete floor system in high-rise buildings in China