High Recyclability Research Articles

Purified residues from the production of biogenic silica as resources for the remediation of oilfield produced water: A strategy for phenol removal

The escalating fuel demand generates significant volumes of oilfield-produced water containing complex environmental pollutants such as phenol. This study proposes a purification method for converting activated carbon (CAM), obtained at zero cost as a by-product of biogenic silica production, into an effective adsorbent. The activated carbon was characterized extensively for its morphological, structural, and chemical properties, revealing a substantial surface area exceeding 1000 m2/g. The adsorption process for phenol removal was investigated through kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic analyses. Kinetic data analysis favored the PSO models within 150 min, while equilibrium studies showed the best fit for the Sips and Liu models. CAM achieved an adsorption capacity of 23.9 mg g−1 for phenol removal at pH 6, the typical pH of produced water. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic and spontaneous. The produced adsorbent demonstrated high recyclability, with up to 15 reuse cycles achievable through regeneration via thermal desorption at 180 °C. Furthermore, CAM removed 73 % of total organic carbon from real produced water within 150 min. Thus, using activated carbon intrinsically carbonized during silica production is an economically viable and attractive solution for treating phenol-contaminated oilfield-produced water.

Synthesis and catalytic performance of One-Dimensional coordination polymers for Knoevenagel condensation under green conditions

This work presents the synthesis, characterization, and catalysis application of two one-dimensional coordination polymers. The structures were obtained through a two-step synthesis method, involving the combination of the ligands 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (ACSO3) and isonicotinylhydrazine (INH) with Zn(II), designated as 1, or Cu(II), designated as 2, resulting in a ladder-shaped topology system. Compound 1 was thoroughly characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, along with complementary techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. These analyses provided insights into its bifunctional catalytic structure. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalytic activity of compound 1 was evaluated in Knoevenagel condensation reactions using various solvents. The catalyst exhibited high conversion rates and recyclability under mild conditions, particularly noteworthy when using eco-friendly solvents, establishing it as a green catalyst. A computational simulation was conducted to explore the surface properties of 1, providing a comprehensive description of its bifunctional properties.

Doped Cu0 and sulfidation induced transition from R-O• to •OH in peracetic acid activation by sulfidated nano zero-valent iron-copper

Peracetic acid (PAA) has emerged as a new effective oxidant for various contaminants degradation through advanced oxidation process (AOP). In this study, sulfidated nano zero-valent iron-copper (S-nZVIC) with low Cu doping and sulfidation was synthesized for PAA activation, resulting in more efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX, 20 μM) and other contaminants using a low dose of catalyst (0.05 g/L) and oxidant (100 μM). The characterization results suggested that S-nZVIC presented a more uniform size and distribution with fewer metal oxides, as the agglomeration and oxidation were inhibited. More significantly, doped Cu0 and sulfidation significantly enhanced the generation and contribution of •OH but decreased that of R-O• in S-nZVIC/PAA/SMX system compared with that of nZVIC and S-nZVI, accounting for the relatively high degradation efficiency of 97.7% in S-nZVIC/PAA/SMX system compared with 85.7% and 78.9% in nZVIC/PAA/SMX and S-nZVI/PAA/SMX system, respectively. The mechanisms underlying these changes were that (i) doped Cu° could promote the regeneration of Fe(Ⅱ) for strengthened PAA activation through mediating Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) cycle by Cu(Ⅰ)/Cu(Ⅱ) cycle; (ii) S species might consume part of R-O•, resulting in a decreased contribution of R-O• in SMX degradation; (iii) sulfidation increased the electrical conductivity, thus facilitating the electron transfer from S-nZVIC to PAA. Consequently, the dominant reactive oxygen species transited from R-O• to •OH to degrade SMX more efficiently. The degradation pathways, intermediate products and toxicity were further analyzed through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and T.E.S.T software analysis, which proved the environmental friendliness of this process. In addition, S-nZVIC exhibited high stability, recyclability and degradation efficiency over a wide pH range (3.0∼9.0). This work provides a new insight into the rational design and modification of nano zero-valent metals for efficient wastewater treatment through adjusting the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS) into the more active free radicals.

Molecular Insights into Sequence-Specific Protein Hydrolysis by a Soluble Zirconium-Oxo Cluster Catalyst.

The development of catalysts for controlled fragmentation of proteins is a critical undertaking in modern proteomics and biotechnology. {Zr6O8}-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates for catalysis of peptide bond hydrolysis due to their high reactivity, stability, and recyclability. However, emerging evidence suggests that protein hydrolysis mainly occurs on the MOF surface, thereby questioning the need for their highly porous 3D nature. In this work, we show that the discrete and water-soluble [Zr6O4(OH)4(CH3CO2)8(H2O)2Cl3]+ (Zr6) metal-oxo cluster (MOC), which is based on the same hexamer motif found in various {Zr6O8}-based MOFs, shows excellent activity toward selective hydrolysis of equine skeletal muscle myoglobin. Compared to related Zr-MOFs, Zr6 exhibits superior reactivity, with near-complete protein hydrolysis after 24 h of incubation at 60 °C, producing seven selective fragments with a molecular weight in the range of 3-15 kDa, which are of ideal size for middle-down proteomics. The high solubility and molecular nature of Zr6 allow detailed solution-based mechanistic/interaction studies, which revealed that cluster-induced protein unfolding is a key step that facilitates hydrolysis. A combination of multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and pair distribution function analysis provided insight into the speciation of Zr6 and the ligand exchange processes occurring on the surface of the cluster, which results in the dimerization of two Zr6 clusters via bridging oxygen atoms. Considering the relevance of discrete Zr-oxo clusters as building blocks of MOFs, the molecular-level understanding reported in this work contributes to the further development of novel catalysts based on Zr-MOFs.

Facile synthesis of mordenite zeolites from bamboo leaves ash for acetalization of benzaldehye and glycerol using non-microwave instant heating

BackgroundsBamboo leaves ash (BLA) is a cheap and sustainable silica source but under-utilized. In this work, mordenite zeolites with various morphologies synthesized from BLA are reported. MethodologyOur strategy involves merely mixing of silicate and aluminate solutions where parametric crystallization study successfully captured three mordenite synthesis recipes. The prepared solids are then characterized with XRD, SEM, XRF, FTIR, TGA/DTG, N2 sorption and TPD-NH3 before their catalytic behavior is tested in acetalization . Significant findingsMordenites with three distinct shapes (nanostick, intergrown bulky ball, nanorod) are successfully synthesized via parametric crystallization study. Some mordenite zeolites contain hierarchical micro/mesoporosity which is beneficial in acetalization of benzaldehye and glycerol. The nanorod-like mordenite is the best catalyst (80.2 ± 2.4 % conversion, 54.4 ± 0.3 % selective towards 2-benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) and its catalytic performance is better than those of classical homogeneous and zeolite catalysts with high recyclability.

Radiopharmaceutical transport in solid tumors via a 3-dimensional image-based spatiotemporal model

Lutetium-177 prostate-specific membrane antigen (177Lu-PSMA)-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy is a clinically approved treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Even though common practice reluctantly follows “one size fits all” approach, medical community believes there is significant room for deeper understanding and personalization of radiopharmaceutical therapies. To pursue this aim, we present a 3-dimensional spatiotemporal radiopharmaceutical delivery model based on clinical imaging data to simulate pharmacokinetic of 177Lu-PSMA within the prostate tumors. The model includes interstitial flow, radiopharmaceutical transport in tissues, receptor cycles, association/dissociation with ligands, synthesis of PSMA receptors, receptor recycling, internalization of radiopharmaceuticals, and degradation of receptors and drugs. The model was studied for a range of values for injection amount (100–1000 nmol), receptor density (10–500 nmol•l–1), and recycling rate of receptors (10–4 to 10–1 min–1). Furthermore, injection type, different convection-diffusion-reaction mechanisms, characteristic time scales, and length scales are discussed. The study found that increasing receptor density, ligand amount, and labeled ligands improved radiopharmaceutical uptake in the tumor. A high receptor recycling rate (0.1 min–1) increased radiopharmaceutical concentration by promoting repeated binding to tumor cell receptors. Continuous infusion results in higher radiopharmaceutical concentrations within tumors compared to bolus administration. These insights are crucial for advancing targeted therapy for prostate cancer by understanding the mechanism of radiopharmaceutical distribution in tumors. Furthermore, measures of characteristic length and advection time scale were computed. The presented spatiotemporal tumor transport model can analyze different physiological parameters affecting 177Lu-PSMA delivery.

Value-added recycling of iron and titanium from bauxite residue (Red Mud) via a flux-free smelting separation process

With enriched iron and titanium elements, red mud produced by the lime-free Bayer process showing high recycling value. This work proposed a pre-reduction and flux-free smelting process to recycle Fe/Ti resources from this red mud. Considering the extraction of titanium from smelting slag, classical calcareous flux was abandoned to avoid the formation of refractory perovskite. Instead, the FeO generated by pre-reduction of red mud itself was creatively applied to regulate the subsequent smelting separation. The full melting temperature of slag can be reduced from > 1700℃ to 1450℃-1550℃, as the FeO content in slag reached 10-20 wt%. The transition from rutile to ferrouspseudobrookite contributed to this change. Since the pre-reduced sample was smelted at 1600℃ for 60 min, 93.60 wt% of the iron element in red mud can be recycled in the form of iron nugget with grade of 99.6 wt%. Titanium in red mud can be recycled as Ti-rich slag, with TiO2 content of 55.91 wt%, for titanium dioxide production. The FeO in slag also suppressed the side reactions (i.e., carbonization of titanium and iron, reduction of silicon) in smelting process, which improved slag fluidity and iron nugget purity. This technique also provides a new approach for the utilization of V-bearing titanomagnetite, ilmenite, and other similar resources.

Enhancing degradation of sulfapyridine by magnetic Fe2O3-CoFe2O4@NC prepared through a facile solid phase coordination-calcination method for peroxymonosulfate activation

In this study, a facile and environmentally friendly solid phase coordination combined with calcination method was designed and ultra-efficient nitrogen carbon coated bimetallic composites (Fe2O3-CoFe2O4@NC) was fabricated to activate PMS for sulfapyridine (SPY) antibiotic elimination. A series of materials after calcined under different temperature and with different metal ratios were synthesized and Co/Fe carbon-based material calcined under 500 °C with 2:1 Co/Fe molar ratios (Fe2O3-CoFe2O4@NC) was demonstrated to be superior to rapidly remove 10 mg L−1 SPY within 10 min by activating 0.6 mM PMS. Meanwhile, the main reasons why different catalysts possessed different degradation efficiency were explored. The magnetic Fe2O3-CoFe2O4@NC showed a superior catalytic activity with kobs of 0.5314 min−1, which was 13.5-, 18.5- and 12.6 times than that of Co3O4@NC/PMS, Fe2O3@NC/PMS and CoFe/PMS systems, respectively. This was attributed to the synergistic effect of Co and Fe and accelerated electron transfer, which resulted in the generation of SO4−, 1O2, O2− and OH. The Fe2O3-CoFe2O4@NC/PMS system exhibited strong environment tolerance to most anions and humic acid, as well as high stability and recyclability. In detail, Cl−, NO3−, H2PO4− and humic acid (HA) showed promoting effect on SPY degradation, and the excellent removal efficiency maintained in actual water matrix. Moreover, the SPY degradation rate could reach 90 % after the fifth cycle and the mineralization rate was preferable, with 56.4 % of total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. Generally, the degradation of SPY mainly involved bonds cleavage and hydroxyl addition, and five possible degradation pathways were proposed. This work provided an environmentally friendly, facile and promising route to synthesize nitrogen carbon coated bimetallic catalysts with sufficient properties for pollutant removal.

Phosphine-incorporated Metal-Organic Framework for Palladium Catalyzed Heck Coupling Reaction.

As an emerging material with the potential to combine the high efficiency of homogeneous catalysts and high stability and recyclability of heterogeneous catalysts, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been viewed as one of the candidates to produce catalysts of the next generation. Herein, we heterogenized the highly active mono(phosphine)-Pd complex on surface of UiO-66 MOF, as a catalyst for Suzuki and Heck cross coupling reactions. The successful immobilization of these Pd-monophosphine complexes on MOF surface to form UiO-66-PPh2-Pd was characterized and confirmed via comprehensive set of analytical methods. UiO-66-PPh2-Pd showed high activity and selectivity for both Suzuki and Heck Cross Coupling Reactions. This strategy enabled facile access to mono(phosphine) complexes which are challenging to design and require multistep synthesis in homogeneous systems, paving the way for future MOF catalysts applications by similar systems.

Quest for a Desolvated Structure Unveils Breathing Phenomena in a MOF Leading to Greener Catalysis in a Solventless Setup: Insights from Combined Experimental and Computational Studies.

The crystal structure of the metal-organic framework (MOF), {Mn2(1,4-bdc)2(DMF)2}n (1) (1,4-bdcH2, 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid; DMF, N,N-dimethylformamide), is known for a long time; however, its desolvated structure, {Mn2(1,4-bdc)2}n (1'), is not yet known. The first-principles-based computational simulation was used to unveil the structure of 1' that shows the expansion in the framework, leading to pore opening after the removal of coordinated DMF molecules. We have used 1' that contains open metal sites (OMSs) in the structure in cyanosilylation and CO2 cycloaddition reactions and recorded complete conversions in a solventless setup. The pore opening in 1' allows the facile diffusion of small aldehyde molecules into the channels, leading to complete conversion. The reactions with larger aldehydes, 2-naphthaldehyde and 9-anthracenecarboxaldehyde, also show 99.9% conversions, which are the highest reported until date in solventless conditions. The in silico simulations illustrate that larger aldehydes interact with Mn(II) OMSs on the surfaces, enabling a closer interaction and facilitating complete conversions. The catalyst shows high recyclability, exhibiting 99.9% conversions in the successive reaction cycles with negligible change in the structure. Our investigations illustrate that the catalyst 1' is economical, efficient, and robust and allows reactions in a solventless greener setup, and therefore the catalysis with 1' can be regarded as "green catalysis".

Phase transition Ni-Co-Ca-O bifunctional catalysts for high and stable hydrogen production from sorption enhanced steam methane reforming

Sorption enhanced steam methane reforming (SESMR) is an effective method to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production from methane reforming while fixing CO2 to reduce carbon emissions. However, the deactivation of adsorbents during high temperature recycling limits the utilization of SESMR. In this paper, by combining the phase transition process of Ca-Co-O species and Ni-Co alloy, we prepared a series of Ni-Co-Ca-O bifunctional catalysts for SESMR hydrogen production. The 1Ni4.5Co4.5CaO catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity in the SESMR reaction with hydrogen concentration exceeding 99.6 % and complete methane conversion. The catalyst also showed high stability in 50 cycle experiments with no significant reduction in hydrogen production and CO2 uptake performance. The Ni-Co-Ca-O bifunctional catalysts consisted of NiO and Co-Ca-O species, by analyzing the fresh and reacted catalysts, the mechanism of the catalyst with high catalytic activity and stability was revealed. Firstly, the catalyst formed Ni-Co alloy and CaO adsorbent by a reduction reaction, and then the SESMR hydrogen production reaction was carried out. After the complete conversion of CaO to CaCO3, the catalyst was re-formed into NiO and Co-Ca-O species by introducing O2 in the regeneration reaction to carry out a new cycle of reduction → hydrogen production. The synergistic interaction between the Ni-Co alloy enhanced the methane reforming and water gas shift reaction, leading to an increase in hydrogen production and methane conversion. The phase transition of Co from Co-Ca-O species to Ni-Co alloy and back to Co-Ca-O species inhibited the sintering of CaO, which significantly enhanced the cyclic stability of the catalyst. The results of this study are expected to provide a new pathway for the design of SESMR bifunctional catalysts.

Hydrogen generation based on a gel-like formate system with a palladium catalyst

Catalytic formate decomposition under mild conditions is a promising strategy for hydrogen production as an efficient hydrogen carrier. Most of previous studies performed formate decomposition for hydrogen generation in liquid phase or using formate as a promoter for formic acid decomposition, which exhibits relatively low hydrogen energy density by mass. Here, we reported a gel-like formate system for catalytic hydrogen generation under mild conditions. A H2 yield of 100% with hydrogen energy density by weight of 2.38 wt% was achieved, and the palladium catalyst shows high stability and recyclability for KCOOH gel decomposition. Moreover, the constructed gel-like formate filled in an aluminum cylinder could continuously and steadily supply hydrogen to a 12V/35W fuel cell to drive a LED display. This work may provide a new thought for safe hydrogen storage and production system for hydrogen energy usage in the future.

A new Eosin Y-based ‘turn[sbnd]on’ fluorescent sensor for ratiometric sensing of toxic mercury ion (Hg2+) offering unaided eye detection and its antibacterial activity

A unique fluorescent molecule (ND-S) was obtained from Eosin Y in two simple yet high yielding steps (1). ND-S has special metal ion sensing ability, such that it can selectively detect toxic Hg2+ present in very low concentration in aqueous solutions in the presence of other competing metal ions. The host-guest complexation is ratiometric and is associated with significant increase in fluorescence during the process. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments provided thermodynamic parameters related to interaction between ND-S and Hg2+. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the Hg2+(aq) removal efficiency of ND-S was estimated to be 99.88%. Appreciable limit of detection (LOD = 7.4 nM) was observed. Other competing ions did not interfere with the sensing of Hg2+ by ND-S. The effects of external stimuli (temperature and pH) were studied. Besides, the complex (ND-M), formed by 1:1 coordination of ND-S and Hg2+ was found to be effective against the survival of Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. subtilis) with a high selectivity index. Moreover, bacterial cell death mechanism was studied systematically. Overall, we have shown the transformation of a toxic species (Hg2+), extracted from polluted water by a biocompatible sensor (ND-S), into an effective and potent antibacterial agent (ND-M).

Efficient Catalytic Synthesis of Glycerol Carbonate Using Optimized Na and K Titanate Nanotubes Catalysts

The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol has garnered significant research attention because of its wide application in the lithium-ion battery and pharmaceutical industries. This study summarizes the catalytic transformation of glycerol to glycerol carbonate using Na and K titanate nanotubes as catalysts. We report the synthesis of Na and K titanate nanotubes catalyst by a simple co-precipitation route and investigate their catalytic activity in the transesterification of glycerol. The physicochemical properties of the Na and K titanate nanotubes catalyst were successfully studied by CO2-TPD and XRD. The designed catalyst possesses high catalytic efficiency and stability in the transesterification reaction of glycerol. Based on its surface area and basicity, several experiments were performed, and it was observed that under optimized conditions (i.e., 5 wt.% catalyst loading, 5:1 molar ratio of DMC to glycerol, 90 °C, and 90 min), the highest conversion of glycerol was achieved, 92.6% glycerol carbonate. The high thermal stability and recyclability make it an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate.

A Tb-MOF sensor with sensitive detection of tryptophan and dopamine hydrochloride

Based on a 3-(2,4-dicarboxylphenyl)-6-carboxylpyridine ligand (H3dpcp), a Tb-MOF with the square hole was synthesized, namely, [Tb(dpcp)(H2O)]n (1). Complex 1 is porous three-dimensional structure and exhibits excellent luminescence stability within a certain range of pH 3–11 in aqueous solutions. It is noteworthy that complex 1 can selectively recognize tryptophan by the fluorescence quenching with high sensitivity, anti-interference, and recyclability; while complex 1 can also achieve sensitive detection of dopamine hydrochloride. Furthermore, the fluorescent sensing mechanisms of complex 1 for tryptophan and dopamine hydrochloride has been illustrated in detail.

Magnetic Nanoparticle Cluster-Based 3D Solar Steam Generator with High Recyclability

Magnetic Nanoparticle Cluster-Based 3D Solar Steam Generator with High Recyclability

A first assessment of Hong Kong's circular economy for wastepaper: Material flows, value chains and the role of the semi-formal informal recycling sector

Collection, as the first stage of the recycling process, and pre-processing to increase waste stream purity constitute key operations for achieving high recycling rates and a closed loop in the circular economy. For wastepaper recycling in Hong Kong, it is the semi-formal-informal recycling (SFIR) sector that plays a central role in both stages. This study analyses the so far little explored SFIR stakeholder network in Hong Kong and sheds light on value chains, recovered waste paper quantities and the impact of policies on the sector. The findings show that SFIR stakeholders reclaim 55.6 t/recycling station/month of wastepaper and thereby achieve about a 5.7 times higher reclaim rate than the formal-private recycling system. Critical to this achievement is the SFIR transaction network, which enables its stakeholders to develop a value chain and thereby generate an added value of around 1900 HKD (243.9 USD/t) for wastepaper. Given limited circular structures in Hong Kong, financial subsidies are critical to sustain the SFIR's operations over the short-term. However, over the long-term legalization and integration of its stakeholders are necessary to ensure an economically and socially sustainable wastepaper recovery system in Hong Kong.

S defect-rich MoS2 aerogel with hierarchical porous structure: Efficient photocatalysis and convenient reuse for removal of organic dyes

To avoid the difficulty of separating solids from liquids when reusing powder photocatalysts, 3D stereoscopic photocatalysts were constructed. In this study, three-dimensional S defect-rich MoS2 hierarchical aerogel was prepared by chemical cross-linking of functional ultrathin 2D MoS2. Its phase, micro-morphology and structure were characterized, and it was used in the study of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Of the samples tested, MS@CA-3 (i.e., defect-rich 3D MoS2 aerogel with a loading of 30 mg of defect-rich MoS2) exhibited the best photocatalytic activity due to its suitable load, good light transmission, and a degradation rate of up to 91.0% after 3 h. In addition, MS@CA-3 aerogel offers high recyclability and structural stability, and the degradation rate of the organic pollutant methylene blue decreases only 9.8% after more than ten cycles of photocatalytic degradation. It combines the high catalytic performance of S defect-rich 2D MoS2 and the convenient reusability of hierarchical porous aerogel. This study provides valuable data and a reference for the practical promotion and application of photocatalytic technology in the field of environmental remediation.

Ethanol Foams Stabilized by Isobutyl-Based POSS-Organosilica Dual-Particle Assemblies.

Nonaqueous foams in low-surface tension solvents (<25 mN·m-1) are highly desired for applications in fire extinguishers and detoxification gels. However, their formation is a Holy Grail of the chemical industry due to the need for stabilizers with low surface energy and high recyclability. Herein, we disclose a new strategy to generate abundant foams in ethanol and a variety of low-surface tension solvents relying on the interfacial coadsorption of two different particles. The particles consist of surface-active fluorinated silica particles, used as a stabilizer, and a novel amphiphilic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) decorated with isobutyl cage substituents, used as a frother. The interaction between POSS and fluorinated particles at the ethanol-air interface was thoroughly investigated by combining physicochemical methods (contact angle, dynamic surface tension, and dynamic light scattering methods) and catalytic tests using the model aerobic oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol. Both particles could be conveniently recycled for at least 5 consecutive runs with high foamability and catalytic activity.

Post-synthetic Rhodium (III) Complexes in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photothermal Heterogeneous C-H Activation.

Although photocatalytic C-H activation has been realized by using heterogeneous catalysts, most of them require high-temperature conditions to provide the energy required for C-H bond breakage. The catalysts with photothermal conversion properties can catalyze this reaction efficiently at room temperature, but so far, these catalysts have been rarely developed. Here, we construct bifunctional catalysts Rh-COF-316 and -318 to combine photosensitive covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and transition-metal catalytic moiety using a post-synthetic approach. The Rh-COF enable the heterogeneous C-H activation reaction by photothermal conversion for the first time, and exhibit excellent yields (up to 98 %) and broad scope of substrates in [4+2] annulation at room temperature, while maintaining the high stability and recyclability. Significantly, this work is the highest yield reported so far in porous materials catalyzing C(sp2)-C(sp2) formation at room temperature. The excellent performances can be attributed to the COF-316, which enhances the photothermal effect (ΔT=50.9 °C), thus accelerating C-H bond activation and the exchange of catalyst with substrates.