This paper mainly focuses on the analysis of the relationship between inflation and unemployment, their mutual influence, interaction, and transformation. It highlights the importance of carefully handling the relationship between the two factors for sustainable economic development. Based on this understanding, it proposes corresponding measures to address these two problems in light of the current economic situation in China. The paper also provides a summary and conclusion of various research findings both domestically and internationally, with the aim of serving as a reference for China to better navigate economic fluctuations and maintain smooth macroeconomic operations. Amid the current situation of increasing downward pressure on the economy and employment pressure in the labor market, this paper argues that China's rapid economic growth rate, high unemployment rate, and inflation rate are the root causes of the causal relationship between unemployment and inflation. Therefore, in order to effectively prevent the emergence of unemployment and inflation, it is necessary to take effective measures to curb inflation.