In this work, Cr-rich stainless steel coatings at different overlap rates were prepared by extreme high-speed laser cladding (EHLA) technology, and microstructures, elemental distributions, phase compositions, electrochemical corrosion behaviors, and frictional wear properties were analyzed. The results indicated that increasing the overlap rate enhanced the coating's surface quality and microstructural density. The grain sizes of the coatings at overlap rates of 60 %, 70 %, and 80 % were 2.63 μm, 2.08 μm, and 1.14 μm, respectively. The coatings were predominantly composed of martensite and residual austenite, and residual austenite was extensively distributed within the coatings with a high overlap rate. Electrochemical corrosion results revealed that the coating with an 80 % overlap rate exhibited the best corrosion resistance, with a transfer resistance (Rt) of 981.05 kΩ·cm2 and a passive film resistance (Rc) of 227.31 kΩ·cm2, surpassing other coatings. Under the load of 5 N, the coating's wear rate at 80 % overlap rate was 3.91 × 10−6 mm3/N·m, demonstrating excellent wear resistance. The dense microstructure and refined grain structure assisted the coating in forming a stable passive film during the corrosion stage. The enhancement in coating hardness promoted the rapid development of the oxide film, thereby strengthening the coating's wear resistance properties.