High-quality Color Photographs Research Articles

Psychophysiological and affective reactivity to vicarious police violence.

Little is known about how vicarious police violence, or instances of police violence observed but not directly experienced, impacts health among Black individuals. Using a lab-based paradigm in a sample of young adults (N=101), this study examined: (a) psychophysiological reactivity to instances of vicarious police violence, particularly the assault and shooting of Black individuals; (b) affective reactivity to instances of vicarious police violence; and (c) how racial identity, one important moderator, influences psychophysiological and affective responses to vicarious police violence. Using electrocardiography and impedance cardiography, participants' cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic physiological responses were continuously monitored. Three sets of high-quality color photographs (neutral, non-violent distress, violence) were viewed on a computer. Participants rated their affect after each set using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Following this task, racial identity was assessed using the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity-Short Form. Findings indicated that vicarious police violence was associated with greater sympathetic reactivity and negative affect relative to the neutral and non-violent distress conditions. Additionally, higher levels of racial centrality exacerbated the association between vicarious police violence and negative affect. Findings suggest that Black individuals may wish to limit their consumption of media depicting the assault and shooting of other Black individuals, with the caveat that the best solution is ultimately the cessation of police violence.

Orthodontic radiographs: Guidelines for the use of radiographs in clinical orthodontics, 4th edition

Orthodontic radiographs: Guidelines for the use of radiographs in clinical orthodontics, 4th edition

Book Review: Moving beyond ‘Act’, Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts

MOVING BEYOND 'ACT' Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts. Mathieu Ossendrijver (Springer, New York, 2012). Pp. xxvi + 615. euro118. ISBN 978-1-4614-3781-9.The study of Babylonian mathematical astronomy has since the mid-1950s been founded on Otto Neugebauer's monumental publication Astronomical cuneiform texts (generally referred to as 'ACT'). In ACT Neugebauer edited and discussed all of the then known Babylonian tablets containing mathematical astronomy. These texts fall into two main categories: tabular texts, which contain calculated data for the Moon or a planet, and procedure texts, which contain instructions for calculating the data in the tables. In the years since the publication of ACT there has been a trickle of publications containing further texts, principally by Asger Aaboe, John Britton, Hermann Hunger and myself. It is only in the past ten years, however, that a comprehensive reassessment of the Babylonian mathematical astronomical texts has been undertaken through the work of Mathieu Ossendrivjer. The volume under review deals with the procedure texts and represents the first half of Ossendrijver's project. A planned second volume will deal with the tabular texts.Ossendrijver's book contains a comprehensive study of the procedure texts. In addition to editions and detailed commentaries for each text, Ossendrijver provides a long introduction discussing the provenance and archival context of the tablets, their physical characteristics and layout, the terminology and mathematical methods employed in the texts, and detailed analysis of the various Babylonian lunar and planetary theories. The volume concludes with a glossary, indexes and high-quality colour photographs of all the tablets.The centrepiece of the book is the editions of slightly more than one hundred procedure texts. Among these texts are many new fragments that have been identified by Ossendrijver. Some of these new fragments join tablets that previously were known, but a significant number represent new sources that attest to previously unknown aspects of Babylonian mathematical astronomy. The editions themselves are accurate and easy to follow with facing transliterations and translations, critical and philological notes (these are especially useful in providing explanations where there are improvements in the readings and interpretations over earlier editions), and detailed astronomical commentaries. The translations strike just the right balance between clarity and literalness. Crucially, Ossendrijver's translations preserve the subtle distinctions between the formulations of related mathematical operations in a way that many earlier translations failed to do. …

The organs of J.S. Bach: a handbook

The Organs of J. S. Bach is a comprehensive and fascinating guide to the organs encountered by Bach throughout Germany in his roles as organist, concert artist, examiner, teacher, and visitor. Newly revised and updated, the book's entries are listed alphabetically by geographical location, from Arnstadt to Zschortau, providing an easy-to-reference overview. Includes detailed organ-specific information: high-quality color photographs each instrument's history, its connection to Bach, and its disposition as Bach would have known it architectural histories of the churches housing the instruments identification of church organists Lynn Edwards Butler's graceful translation of Christoph Wolff and Markus Zepf's volume incorporates new research and many corrections and updates to the original German edition. Bibliographical references are updated to include English-language sources, and the translation includes an expanded essay by Christoph Wolff on Bach as organist, organ composer, and organ expert. The volume includes maps, a timeline of organ-related events, transcriptions of Bach's organ reports, a guide to examining organs attributed to Saxony's most famous organ builder Gottfried Silbermann, and biographical information on organ builders. Publication of this volume is supported by the American Bach Society.

Dennis Paulson: Dragonflies and damselflies of the east

This welcome guide is a companion to an earlier volume in the same series (Paulson 2009) dealing with the western fauna of North America, and follows the same clear and informative format. As a fully illustrated field guide to adults of the 336 species of Odonata in the region, it has the primary goals of enabling identification and presenting material on natural history to prompt wide interest in these already popular insects. The two books together comprise authoritative guides to the North American representatives, with the excellent colour photographs of living adults a major feature. The book falls into three sections. The initial introduction is a wide-ranging account of the natural history of the Odonata, reflecting Paulson’s wise perspective that ‘they are such interesting animals that all who observe them in the field should know something about their lives’. It includes original and very readable accounts of many aspects of adult behaviour and biology, again with abundant high quality colour photographs adorning the book. I particularly liked the use of labeled colour photographs (rather than more conventional line diagrams) to indicate morphological features. Dennis Paulson writes enthusiastically and lucidly, and this section of the book encapsulates much very practical advice from his own extensive experiences with Odonata. The values of collecting (including roles in conservation) are noted, together with clear directions for specimen treatment. The short section on conservation is a succinct summary of threatening processes, and the limitations of the range maps given for each species are noted. Encouragingly, it is also noted (in context, p. 371) that the only odonate (Somatochlora hineana) listed under the United States Endangered Species Act is now known to be ‘much more widespread than was known when it was listed’. The two major sections of the guide are systematic treatments of the damselflies (87 species) and dragonflies (249 species), each given a common name, some novel. The species accounts each have one or more photographs, a small range map, and the accompanying text written in a standard, easily comparable, format. That text includes sections on descriptive features and identification, detailing differences in appearance from related or similar-looking taxa, notes on natural history, the kinds of biotope frequented, flight season (with notes on differences across the range, where this is broad). In cases where examination of terminalia or other morphology is needed for clear identification (such as for the ‘bluets’, Enallagma) clear outline drawings of the features are gathered together for easy comparison, and given on clearly demarcated blue pages to render them easily found by ‘page-flicking’. That use is facilitated also by a very comprehensive index to scientific and common names, a glossary of technical terms, and a short array of useful references and resources available to discover more about Odonata. The book is compact, excellently produced and presented on high quality paper. It will have wide and enduring use, and be of immense value to students of Odonata in North America, and as an exemplar for emulation, and envy, elsewhere.

The Meagre Tarmac by Clark Blaise

Banksy Locations & Tours PM Press With his often controversial renderings of familiar and beloved images, Banksy is quickly becoming famous (or infamous, you might say) across the world for his graffiti art. In this revised, two-volume edition of his work, complete with location information and commentary from the editor, Banksy’s creations come to life in highquality color photographs. Each graffito reminds audiences about the importance of art as social critique—as one of Banksy’s more famous pieces screams in dripping red paint, “If graffiti changed anything, it would be illegal.” Olga Adamova-Sliozberg My Journey Northwestern University Press Because paper and pencils were banned in Russia’s Gulag, Adamova-Sliozberg wrote her memoir in her head during World War II. Arrested with her husband as an “enemy of the people,” this memoir recounts her experience of imprisonment and exile and tells of the enduring courage and strength she found within herself despite great injustices. Though written in the 1940s, Adamova-Sliozberg’s memoir was not published publically in Russia until 2002, and this is the first time her story has been translated into English. Nota Bene kept hidden by the weight of buried memories. Webster finds himself “on his own” as he attempts to navigate his way, sometimes awkwardly and shamefully, through the mystery of the last forty years of his life. But it’s really the writing itself that stands out. There is a profound sadness here, and instead of turning the reader away, it grabs hold and forces us to listen to what it has to say. Many “big” authors have recently taken up the subject of late middle age. Among those perhaps most prominent are J. M. Coetzee and Philip Roth. Yet Barnes does something with the subject that feels, at least to this reader, more honest than the others. Barnes gives us a sense of an ending rather than an ending. And perhaps that’s all life really is—an ending that can only be sensed from all of the seemingly disparate strands of our lives, like some detached tension wires as they flail and snap in the wind and rain. Andrew Martino Southern New Hampshire University ClarkBlaise.TheMeagreTarmac.Emeryville , Ontario. Biblioasis (Consortium, distr.). 2011. isbn 9781926845159 In The Meagre Tarmac, Clark Blaise adds another eleven short stories to his two-dozen earlier books, all of which attempt to tease out what he has called, in an early essay, “The Voice of Unhousement” (Resident Alien, 1974), “the center of my imagination .” Given even a cursory reading of his literary output, it would be difficult to argue that there is such a center. Most often, the failure to secure such a center, or identity, is the result of competing cultural values and practices. While the quest is doomed from the outset, the joy is in watching how, in each book, this question plays out. In The Meagre Tarmac, there is the distinct hope that a center might be possible, but only through a reconciliation of two desires. The desire for American romance is countered by a desire to fulfill the familial expectations of arranged marriages and respect for extended family models . This conflict is never resolved. Certainly, Blaise explores in this collection an interspace between cultures , specifically in characters of the generation that “came over” from India in the 1960s and 1970s to America to earn their degrees and to make enough money to return, marry, and settle comfortably within their “own” culture. Such is the plan. Most of the men in these stories were part of the dot.com explosion and are well off, at least financially. In all other respects, these men are failures. The nature of these failures, however, is most often foregrounded in their personal relationships with other characters. They are certainly exacerbated by the cultural backgrounds , but these failures might better be described as the result of a kind of “restlessness.” Characters continually sabotage their relationships even when it appears they have achieved what they’ve been looking for. “Man and Boy” gives a fairly blunt summation of this problem: “I can’t say it’s a tragedy . . . but we had no American childhood, no Archieand -Veronica high school romances...

Book Review

Book Review

Color Photographic Index of Fall Chinook Salmon Embryonic Development and Accumulated Thermal Units

BackgroundKnowledge of the relationship between accumulated thermal units and developmental stages of Chinook salmon embryos can be used to determine the approximate date of egg fertilization in natural redds, thus providing insight into oviposition timing of wild salmonids. However, few studies have documented time to different developmental stages of embryonic Chinook salmon and no reference color photographs are available. The objectives of this study were to construct an index relating developmental stages of hatchery-reared fall Chinook salmon embryos to time and temperature (e.g., degree days) and provide high-quality color photographs of each identified developmental stage.Methodology/Principal FindingsFall Chinook salmon eggs were fertilized in a hatchery environment and sampled approximately every 72 h post-fertilization until 50% hatch. Known embryonic developmental features described for sockeye salmon were used to describe development of Chinook salmon embryos. A thermal sums model was used to describe the relationship between embryonic development rate and water temperature. Mean water temperature was 8.0°C (range; 3.9–11.7°C) during the study period. Nineteen stages of embryonic development were identified for fall Chinook salmon; two stages in the cleavage phase, one stage in the gastrulation phase, and sixteen stages in the organogenesis phase. The thermal sums model used in this study provided similar estimates of fall Chinook salmon embryonic development rate in water temperatures varying from 3.9–11.7°C (mean = 8°C) to those from several other studies rearing embryos in constant 8°C water temperature.Conclusions/SignificanceThe developmental index provides a reasonable description of timing to known developmental stages of Chinook salmon embryos and was useful in determining developmental stages of wild fall Chinook salmon embryos excavated from redds in the Columbia River. This index should prove useful to other researchers who wish to approximate fertilization dates of Chinook salmon eggs from natural redds, assuming the thermal history of embryos is known.

Pegmatites: DAVID LONDON. 368 Pp. The Canadian Mineralogist. Special Publication 10. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Quebec, QC G1K 9A9. ISBN 978-0-921294-47-4. 2008. Price US$125.00, MAC Members US$100.00.

If asked to name a type of unaltered igneous rock with economic potential, many geologists would respond, “pegmatite.” And, if they didn’t know already, the economic geologists among them would be gratified to learn that a commonly used classification system of pegmatites is a chemical one (LCT for Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites, and NYF for Nb-Y-F pegmatites), and that pegmatites concentrate more elements of the periodic table to mineable grade than any other igneous rock, not to mention their additional considerable gem (tourmaline, beryl, topaz, garnet) and ceramic (feldspar, quartz, muscovite) potential. Economically attractive, certainly, but with their bewilderingly large range of chemical compositions, minerals, textures, and relationships to granites, pegmatites also present an almost intractable petrogenetic challenge. David London has crystallized his considerable knowledge of pegmatites into a single attractive gem of a book. Pegmatites is part coffee table book (with its wealth of high-quality color photographs and effective line drawings), part igneous petrology textbook (with good explanations of all the necessary concepts, and its raising of the pedagogical standard), and part pegmatite polemic (with its strong, but controversial, advancement of the London model for the origin of pegmatites). Pegmatites is an outstanding example …

Medieval polyphony in technicolour

The editorial board of Early English Church Music has celebrated the publication of its 50th volume by producing a lavish colour facsimile of Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, Ms.473. Familiarly (and appropriately, as Susan Rankin shows) known as the Winchester Troper, the manuscript contains a tonary together with a repertory of alleluias, Proper and Ordinary tropes, sequences, proses, and organa for the Mass and Office of the Old Minster, Winchester. Rankin dates the main copying of the manuscript to the 1020s and 1030s on the basis of palaeographical evidence, and traces subsequent layers of emendation and addition through to the early 12th century. The value of the facsimile speaks for itself. The openings are reproduced in high-quality colour photographs at life-size (with two openings reproduced per page of the large-format book, but with sufficient white space between them that there is no visual confusion). This would, even without any introduction, be a hugely valued resource for scholars in the field as well as being appreciated by those who value sumptuous presentations of beautiful medieval artefacts.

Determinants of food choices of adolescents in south-western Nigeria

Food choices of adolescents have become increasingly unhealthy, putting them at increased risk of malnutrition, as they grow older. The study investigated the determinants of food choices of adolescents in order to assess their nutritional knowledge and implication. World Health Organisation (WHO) describes children aged 10-19 years as adolescents. Four hundred and one adolescents who were in secondary schools were interviewed from six of the thirty local government areas of Osun State, which is a south-western state of Nigeria. Based on the population of secondary schools in the local government areas, thirty-two schools were sampled. Pre tested structured questionnaires using a set of high quality colour photographs of foods and drinks that would typically be offered to adolescents were used. The photographs, showing one item each, included foods such as biscuits, buns, meat pie that were classified as “snacks” and those, such as rice and beans garnished with vegetable and either fish/meat stew, stewed beans, pounded yam that formed part of a conventional meal. In the same manner, photographs showing a bottle of coke, milk, chocolate drink and home made non-alcoholic drinks were presented. This was used to elicit information from the respondents. Descriptive statistical techniques such as frequency counts, percentage, mean and standard deviation, likewise inferential tools, such as, correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used in data analysis. The study showed positive and significant correlation between the preference and nutritional contents of foods (r = 0.514, p<0.05) and drinks (r = 0.346, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the preference and perceived nutritional contents of the foods (F = 3.072), while there was a difference in the choice and perceived nutritional contents of drinks (F = 0.217) among the urban and rural adolescents. It is concluded that, the food choice of the adolescents in the study area was based more on taste preference than the nutritional contents. The nutritional knowledge of the adolescents in the study area is high but the knowledge on home made non alcoholic drinks is low. Nutrition education should be intensified especially on traditional foods and home made non-alcoholic drinks that are nutritious. Keywords : Adolescents, Food choices, Nutritional knowledge.

Mammal Tracks and Sign —A Guide to North American Species

M Elbroch. 2003. Mammal Tracks and Sign—A Guide to North American Species. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, 779 pp. ISBN 0-8117-2626-6, price (paper) $44.95. A sticker on the cover indicates that this book has been a winner of the National Outdoor Book Award, and it is easy to see why. With more than 1,000 high-quality color photographs, another 300+ well-drawn illustrations, and numerous detailed descriptions with painstaking measurements, it is unmatched in encyclopedic breadth by anything that has come before. That will be positive for some potential users, but a distinct liability for others. Although built like a field guide, with heavy paper and a tough cover, at 14 × 21 ×4 cm it is 2.5 times the volume of Murie (1954) original in the Peterson field guide series and, at 1.25 kg, is 3.5 times heavier. In practical terms, most users will probably want to take mammal “sign” to the book rather than the book to sign. With the advent and proliferation of compact digital cameras, that may now be easier to accomplish than it used to be. In a lengthy introduction and in Chapter 1 ( Getting Started ), the author makes clear his passion for tracking and offers a variety of perspectives on the physical, mental, and sometimes metaphysical aspects involved. Although he mentions and strongly advocates use of tracking in scientific study, examples provided are mostly from …

Review of "Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Liver: Diagnostic algorithm a Southeast Asian Perspective" by A Wee and P Sampatankul

Recently there has been an expansion of general and organ-specific cytopathology books. One may think there is no need for the latter since most of the general cytopathology books cover the cytopathology of organ sites extensively. This argument may not be true for all organ sites, particularly for the liver where there is a high demand for a book that illustrates the cytomorphologic aspects of liver lesions, especially in geographic regions such as Southeast Asia and Africa where liver disease is common. Wee and Sampatanukul's Fine Needle Aspiration of the Liver aim to fulfill the need for such a book. This book presents a strong for the complementary use of cytology and histology in the diagnostic work-up of liver mass and it is true to its title since it follows a simple diagnostic algorithm for the cytodiagnosis of hepatic lesions. As in clinical problem solving, this algorithm starts with the clinical findings followed by the imaging and then the cytologic findings. The algorithm ultimately allows a set of differential diagnoses from which a final diagnosis is arrived at through clinicopathological correlation and occasionally through the addition of ancillary such as immunohistochemistry. As such, the first part of the book is arranged in chapters each of which reflects a step in this process: chapter 2 describes clinical presentation, chapter 3 imaging, chapter 4 to 9 cytodiagnosis, chapter 10 ancillary testing and chapter 11 deals with clinicopathological correlation. The second part of the book presents case studies that beautifully illustrate this algorithm. The book is well-written and well-illustrated. The authors presents a large collection of cases of primary and metastatic tumors of the liver as well as several other space occupying lesions of the liver that mimic primary liver cancers or their variants. They also review the diagnostic performance and accuracy of FNA as compared to needle biopsy and illustrate the pitfalls associated with cytodiagnosis of liver lesions. To demonstrate various microscopic features of these lesions, the authors use cytology-histology correlation extensively. The book is moderate in size and is well-indexed, well-referenced and easy to read. The illustrations are high-quality color photographs with succinct informative legends. I wish the authors had included more cytologic rather than histologic illustrations of the various inclusions that are commonly seen in hepatocytes. This is also true for the immunohistochemistry. During the three weeks that I had the book for review, I consulted it during the diagnostic workup for a of hepatocellular carcinoma and again for a of metastatic non-small cell carcinoma. Practicing pathologists as well as cytopathology trainees, especially those in the Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa will find this book very appealing and a useful easy-to-use reference. Additionally, those of us who work in large centers where liver FNA is frequently performed will find this book indispensable.

New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology: At the Crossings: Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

R. J. Balkan, G. S. Ellis Jr and H. S. Eustis (editors) New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology: At the Crossings: Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 313 pages, 131 figures Kugler Publications, The Hague, 2004 ISBN: 90 6299198 x Price: €105.00/$125.00 This book consists of the proceedings of the 52nd Annual Symposium of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology, held in New Orleans in February 2003. Unique to this meeting was the participation of three legendary figures within the world of paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, namely Marshall Parks, Arthur Jampolsky and Gunter von Noorden. The rest of the list of distinguished speakers at this meeting was also impressive and several of them gave multiple presentations on their particular area. The book is divided into three sections consisting of updates on cataract and refractive issues, amblyopia and strabismus, and oculoplastics. Each section concludes with a round table discussion with the experts in the field and a short question and answer section. The text is beautifully illustrated with many high quality colour photographs and line drawings and all chapters seem well referenced. The presentations respond to both basic questions, such as the aetiology of dissociated verticle deviation (DVD), as well as basic clinical questions, such as how to deal with childhood ptosis. I found the book very interesting and, although it might not end up on every paediatric ophthalmologist's bookshelf, I think it merits a place in the clinic library.

The Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology, 8th ed.

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Book Forum: NeuroscienceFull AccessThe Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology, 8th ed.CHARLES B. NEMEROFF, M.D., Ph.D., CHARLES B. NEMEROFFSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., Ph.D., Atlanta, Ga.Published Online:1 Feb 2004https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.379AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Being asked to review the new edition of this book is akin to sending a Shakespearean scholar a new edition of Hamlet revised by the Bard himself. The first and second editions of this book were published during my graduate student days, the third during medical school, the fourth during my residency training. The first edition not only helped me through my first course of neuropharmacology but had a major impact on my decision to choose neuroscience over microbiology/immunology. My copy had more yellow underliner in the text than unmarked sections.When it first appeared, The Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology was the only book of its kind, and it filled the void with aplomb. As the authors note in their introduction to the current edition, the field has exploded beyond any of our most optimistic predictions. There now exists a myriad of worthy challengers—large textbooks, manuals, books designed for graduate-level courses in neuroscience and/or pharmacology—and some are quite good. Very few, however, if any, are as good as this volume. In 400 pages, it provides the novice (undergraduate and graduate students, resident physicians, fellows) and the interested specialist in another field a very readable and understandable summary of a broad array of neuroscience—not just neuropharmacology but also molecular and cellular neurobiology. The new cover is surely the most attractive of any of the previous editions. After five introductory chapters that constitute approximately one-quarter of the book, six chapters with a focus on one of more neurotransmitters follow. The final two chapters are concerned with cellular mechanisms in learning and memory and treating neurological and psychiatric diseases.In the first edition, there was a paucity of knowledge to communicate about the subject area; in the eighth edition, the problem is the converse—how to distill the remarkable accrual of neuroscience in general and neuropharmacology in particular to a manageable yet state-of-the-art and informative volume.The authors have succeeded indeed in attaining their stated goals. Most notably, some of the chapters have been revised very substantially, e.g., “Molecular Foundations of Neuropharmacology and Receptors,” and the results are impressive—the authors convey complex concepts with relative ease, a particular delight to the beginning student. Whatever is omitted can be gleaned easily from more specialized and comprehensive books. If the book is to be judged as to how well it educates and titillates the neophyte, then it remains an astounding success. It seduces the student to neuropharmacology, ever so subtly, as it informs.I would be remiss if I did not identify a few areas of the book where there remains room for improvement. The illustrations are spotty, and the publisher seems unaware that the bar has been set high for the inclusion of informative, high-quality color photographs, especially in immunohistochemistry. There is a surprising absence of any functional brain imaging—magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography—both in illustrations and the text. The chapter titled “Treating Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases” is far too short, and many exciting recent findings on the biology of depression and its treatment are not described. This chapter should probably be expanded into two chapters, one on pathophysiology and a second on treatment. The neuropeptide chapter could also be expanded. These are, however, minor quibbles. Like a comfortable favorite novel, this book is worth reading every few months. In summary, this volume deserves a place on the shelf of students and practitioners alike. It is surely one of the best buys in the academic book pile.By Jack R. Cooper, Floyd E. Bloom, and Robert H. Roth. New York, Oxford University Press, 2002, 416 pp., $59.95; $37.95 (paper). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByA novel modification to boron-doped diamond electrode for enhanced, selective detection of dopamine in human serumCarbon, Vol. 171A motogenic GABAergic system of mononuclear phagocytes facilitates dissemination of coccidian parasites12 November 2020 | eLife, Vol. 9Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol. 13 Volume 161Issue 2 February 2004Pages 379-379 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 February 2004 Published in print 1 February 2004

Atlas of the Pacific islands

- Up-to-date and accurate full-color maps for every Pacific nation and territory and base maps on Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas - High-quality color photographs and graphic data displays covering agriculture, climate, fishing, independence movements, indigenous peoples, land use and conservation, mining, ocean currents, population distribution, topography, tourism, and urbanization - Tables of Pacific and world statistics that include capital cities, areas, time zones, populations, life expectancies, primary students per teacher, persons per doctor, and literacy rates - High-interest case studies - Clear guides to using the atlas effectively - A gazetteer and a glossary

Building on foundations

edited by G.D. Schmidt and J. Janovy, Jr,

Prognostic significance of vascular dilation and tortuosity insufficient for plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity

Background: Plus disease, one of the most important prognostic indicators in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is designated as present or absent. A grading system based on comparison with standard, high-quality color photographs may be useful to more accurately describe the spectrum of vascular dilation and tortuosity preceding plus disease, but it is of practical value only if it has prognostic significance. We hypothesized that grading of “pre-plus” vascular changes can identify eyes at risk for progression to vision-threatening ROP. Methods: Video clips of posterior pole images captured at the examination closest to 33 weeks' postconceptional age of 32 infants screened during an 18-month period were randomized. Two masked examiners viewed and graded the images in comparison with standard photographs representative of 5 distinct grades of retinal vascular dilation and tortuosity. A case-control design was used to compare the incidence of progression to stage 3 ROP, development of plus disease, and requirement of laser treatment between infants with normal posterior poles and those judged to have early dilation and tortuosity insufficient for plus disease. Results: Of the 8 patients with mild vascular dilation and tortuosity insufficient for plus disease, 5 (63%) eventually required laser treatment, 4 (50%) later developed stage 3 ROP, and 5 (63%) progressed to plus disease. Of the 24 patients with normal posterior poles, none required laser treatment, 2 (8%) developed stage 3 ROP, and none progressed to plus disease. The group with mild vascular dilation and tortuosity had a significantly higher incidence of progression to laser treatment (P =.0003), stage 3 ROP (P =.027), and plus disease (P =.0003). Conclusions: Early vascular dilation and tortuosity judged insufficient for plus disease have prognostic significance in the early course of ROP. A grading system that uses standard, high-quality color photographs representing the spectrum of “pre-plus” vascular changes has potential utility in both the clinical and research settings. (J AAPOS 2000;4:224–9)

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Superficial Organs and Body Sites.

Department of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A. This multiauthored book is primarily an atlas of the cytomorphology of superficially occurring lesions readily amenable to fine needle aspiration (FNA) as an adjunct to diagnosis. The authors advocate the combination of pattern recognition at low magnification as well as detailed high-power examination of cytomorphologic attributes, and assume a practical working knowledge of the histopathologic basis for cytomorphologic findings in Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou stain aspiration smears. Precise diagnosis may be rendered at times with a proper integration of the clinical, radiographic, and cytomorphologic features. They subscribe to the “quick read” examination, not only to provide a rapid diagnosis, but also to indicate the procurement of additional material for immunocytochemical, electromicroscopic, molecular biologic, cytogenetic, and microbiologic examination. Six anatomic areas, lymph nodes, breast, thyroid and parathyroid, salivary gland and other head and neck masses, bone and skin and superficial soft tissues, are described. The format features the description of the techniques involved followed by a listing of the possible diagnoses starting with benign and reactive and progressing to malignant. The description is accompanied by high-quality color photographs approximately 2 × 4 inches in size with up to eight per page stained with both Romanowsky and Papanicolaou techniques. Graphs of flow cytometric analyses for surface markers are given in association with the morphology of lymphoid neoplasms. The chapter on breast FNA describes the technique, philosophy of reporting, a listing of the entities and a description, as well as abundant illustrations of the cytomorphology. The authors favor precise diagnosis, grading, and estimation of ploidy, S-phase, steroid hormone receptors, and C-ERB 2 on the cytologic material. The chapter on thyroid and parathyroid features an algorithm which includes clinical, cytomorphologic, and therapeutic data. Perhaps the most unusual chapter is that on FNA of bone in which a limited number of entities amenable to diagnosis by FNA are listed. These include nonossifing fibroma, fibrous histiocytoma, fibrous dysplasia, osteofibrous dysplasia, hemangioma, osteochondroma, enchondroma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, low-grade central osteosarcoma, and low-grade chondrosarcoma. The authors stress that interpretation must be closely linked to clinical and radiographic data, but information of value in therapy can be provided. This atlas is placed somewhere between a treatise on localized disease and a comprehensive atlas of fine needle aspirate cytomorphology. The authors are experienced, the illustrations are abundant and of high quality, and the suggestions for reporting are timely. All of these suggest that this book would be of value not only to the cytopathologist, but also to the surgical pathologist with an interest in obtaining diagnostic material from a variety of techniques.

Natural enemies handbook: the illustrated guide to biological pest control

This book is the best-ever practical guide to the identification and biology of beneficial organisms that control pests. Growers, pest control advisers, landscape professionals, home gardeners, pest management teachers and students, and anyone fascinated by natural enemies and their prey will want this book to find, identify, and use natural enemies to control pests in almost any agricultural crop, garden, or landscape. The Natural Enemies Handbook is superbly illustrated with 180 high-quality color photographs and 140 expertly rendered drawings, showing hundreds of predators, parasites, and pathogens that attack pest insects, mites, nematodes, plant pathogens, and weeds. The handy Quick Guide allows readers to locate natural enemies that they are likely to find on almost any crop or in the garden and landscape. They can then go to the main text for clear, detailed information. Natural enemies are organisms that kill, decrease the reproductive potential, or otherwise reduce the numbers of other organisms. Biological control is the practical use of natural enemies to manage pests. Living natural enemies are the agents of biological control. Virtually every pest has natural enemies that reduce its populations under certain circumstances. The book features chapters on biological control of plant pathogens, nematodes, and weeds as well as individual chapters on parasites, predators, and pathogens of arthropods. References, suppliers, and a comprehensive index make this an indispensable source book. The up-to-date review of applied biological control literature will appeal to scholars.