High-quality Cars Research Articles

Японське життя в стилі аніме як туристичний ресурс

Nowadays, the business card of Japan, along with high-quality cars and advanced technologies, is such a tourist phenomenon as anime - cartoons, series and computer games in a characteristic Japanese artistic design style, which is distinguished by qualitative differences and, of course, its original drawing. Unlike cartoons from other countries, which are intended mainly for children's audiences (such as, for example, cartoons produced by the company "Walt Disney Productions" (USA), Japanese anime is designed for teenage and adult audiences, which is why it has gained worldwide popularity. Аnime сartoon characters always have cute hairstyles and sport figures, but the main thing that sets them apart is very large eyes, which, according to the Japanese, speaks of the desire of their owner to contact the outside world. Together with the heroes of anime cartoons, goods in the style of " kawaii" with the use of children's accessories were produced and the style of behavior of young people "cosplay" - reincarnation into cartoon characters with appropriate clothes and behavior became fashionable the anime subculture received a concentrated expression in 2010-2020 in the Tokyo district of Akihabara. Such a youth cultural phenomenon, similar to demonstratively careless clothing and the behavior of London hippies in the 1970s and 1980s, turned out to be a powerful tourist magnet, attracting first tens and now hundreds of thousands of visitors. Moreover, a festival called AnimeJapan has been held for ten years, where every year there are more exhibitor companies that produce anime films, series, computer games; "anime" goods, organize viewing of anime film productions in offline and online formats. In 2023, such a festival already attracted hundreds of thousands of "cosplayers" from Japan and abroad and turned into a powerful tourist event.

Identification of Healthy Donor Phenotypic and Functional Signatures That Predict Allogeneic, Hypoimmune CD19-Directed CAR T Cell Potency

Allogeneic, hypoimmune (HIP) CAR T cells may provide off-the-shelf CAR T cells that allow for expanded access for patients, overcome manufacturing failures, and provide an efficacious alternative to CAR T cells manufactured from heavily pre-treated T cells. However, donor T cells are the primary source of variability during production of allogeneic HIP CAR T cells, and may influence clinical efficacy. Previously, we reported a series of T cell functional assays that differentiate T cell potency as a means to select high-quality CAR T cell donors for clinical trials. Here, we explore donor phenotypic and functional signatures that are associated with desirable pre-clinical attributes for the generation of allogeneic HIP CD19-directed CAR T cells. Human T cells from healthy donors were obtained by leukapheresis and used to generate allogeneic HIP CD19-directed CAR T cells by disrupting B2M, CIITA, and TRAC genes using Cas12b nuclease, and lentiviral transduction to overexpress CD47 and to express the CD19 CAR.Phenotype profiling (PBMC subsets, memory subsets, viability, exhaustion, and activation markers) was assessed on apheresis, CD4 or CD8 enriched subsets and post-CAR manufacturing. Generated CAR T cells were evaluated in vitro by repetitive tumor challenge (3x) performed over a 14-day period using the IncuCyte platform. Bulk cytokine analysis was measured by MesoScale Discovery (MSD). In vivo efficacy was evaluated using a systemic NALM-6 challenge in immune-deficient NSG mice at HIP CD19 CAR T cell doses of 5e5 and 5e6 cells per animal. Gene expression profiling was assessed on pre-production, post-CAR T cell manufacturing, and post-serial tumor challenge CD4+ and CD8+ T cells using the Nanostring nCounter CAR T panel. Functional and phenotypic attributes were used for weighted donor performance scoring. To do this, cell functional assays were defined to produce single, quantitative indices to enable the classification of CAR T cells based on functional performance. We assessed differences in CAR T cell performance and rank scored donor performance. Associations between donor attributes, phenotype/ functional T cell attributes and ranked donor performance were evaluated using Spearman's correlations. Correlative comparison of phenotype and donor attributes in relation to weighted donor performance scores indicated that cellular subtypes at leukapheresis correlate with CAR T performance. Gene expression profiling shows that outperforming donors upregulate expression of mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cell canonical TCRb chain TRBV28. Outperforming donors have increased expression of Tc1/Th1 and Tc17/Th17 associated cytokines: IFNg, Il-17A, Il-17F, Il23, Il22, and have reduced expression of Tc2/Th2 associated cytokine Il5. Outperforming donors also showed reduced expression of MHC class II of alpha and beta heterodimers (HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1). The information collected across phenotypic and functional comparisons will be compared with clinical performance.

ANALISIS HUKUM KEBIJAKAN KELEBIHAN DIMENSI DAN KELEBIHAN MUATAN TERHADAP DEMONSTRAN GERAKAN SOPIR JAWA TIMUR

This study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of controlling excess freight, namely the Zero ODOL policy and its impact on business actors and changes in prices for basic necessities and essential goods. connecting cities with one another, so that it can also lead to an increase in the flow of vehicular traffic as a means of distribution and mobility of both people and goods. In order to avoid the occurrence of overloading of goods transport, every freight car carrying cargo is required to weigh its cargo at the weighbridge. This research uses normative research methods, namely research that examines the study of documents and archives, using secondary data such as legal theory, statutory provisions, and opinions from previous graduates. This research was conducted by analyzing the principles, theories and legal concepts as well as statutory provisions related to the online licensing system in terms of trading of unlabeled snacks through online shopping platforms. The problem that occurs in this study is that there are still many distributions of unlabeled snacks that have the potential to harm consumers. Researchers formulate a new concept that has been analyzed in various ways to find legal certainty regarding the management of the licensing system for trade in unlabeled snacks, where in this case the rights of consumers are still not properly fulfilled and the obligations of business actors are not carried out properly. and right. In order to maintain road infrastructure, reduce the number of traffic accidents and reduce victims of traffic accidents due to vehicles with overloads and/or oversize violations, on October 11, 2019 the Minister of Transportation issued Circular Letter Number: SE 21 of 2019 concerning Supervision of High-Quality Cars. Overloading Infringement and/or Over Dimension Violation. The implementation of policy supervision without ODOL (Zero ODOL) is carried out based on a mutual agreement between ministries, namely the Ministry of Transportation, the Ministry of PUPR, the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of SOEs, the Indonesian National Police, and the Industrial Association.

Functional T Cell Assays Are Predictive of Pre-Clinical Potency to Generate Allogeneic, Hypoimmune CD19 CAR T Cells

Introduction: Allogeneic, hypoimmune (HIP) T cells may provide universal CAR T cells that persist in patients and deliver therapeutic efficacy without the need for immunosuppression to limit graft rejection. Healthy donor T cells possess a spectrum of biological activities that contribute to final CAR T cell functionality. Thus, identifying characteristics that are predictive of CAR T cell potency is essential for generating high-quality, allogeneic, HIP CAR T cells for clinical studies. Here, we define a series of T cell functional assays that differentiate T cell potency that may be used to select high-quality CAR T cell donors for clinical trials. Methods: Human T cells from healthy donors were obtained by leukapheresis and used to generate allogeneic HIP CD19 CAR T cells by disrupting B2M, CIITA, and TCRa using Cas12b gene editing, and lentiviral transduction to overexpress CD47 and to express the CD19 CAR. Generated CAR T cells were evaluated in vitro by repetitive tumor challenge (3x) performed over a 14-day period using the IncuCyte platform. Bulk cytokine analysis and single-cell cytokine levels were evaluated for polyfunctionality (Isoplexis IsoLight). For bulk cytokine profiling, 10 cytokines were measured (GM-CSF, GzmA, GzmB, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-1b, IL-1RA). Gene expression profiling was assessed on pre-production, post-CAR manufacturing, and post-serial tumor challenge CD4+ and CD8+ T cells using the nCounter CAR T panel. In vivo efficacy was evaluated using a systemic NALM-6 challenge in immune-deficient NSG mice at HIP CD19 CAR T cell doses of 5e5 and 5e6 cells per animal. Results: We have defined assays that produce single, quantitative indices to enable the classification of CAR T cells as exceptional, good, or poor based on functional performance. To do this, we assessed differences in CAR T cell performance when placed under 'stress' (i.e., low effector to target (E:T) ratios or repetitive tumor challenge) and defined indices that exceed (exceptional), meet (good), or trail (poor) a described median value. For serial tumor challenge, median CAR T cell expansion was 4-fold during each restimulation cycle, with exceptional donors exceeding this value (expansion index >10% above median). Bulk cytokine values produced from CAR T cells ranged from 1.08-2.08 pg/CAR T cell with exceptional donors ascending 10% above the median; while donors scored as exceptional produced a polyfunctionality index >15% via Isoplexis analysis. During in vivo challenge, we observed a median area under the curve (AUC) value of 29 at the high (5e6) CAR T dose, and an AUC value of 10548 at the low (5e5) CAR T dose. Metrics from the serial tumor challenge, bulk cytokine quantification, Isoplexis analysis, and in vivo challenge were compared in an unbiased way to collectively rank CAR T cell donors as exceptional, good, or poor. In addition, gene expression profiling of ranked donors identified that exceptional donors are less activated and have a reduced NK-like signature at the pre-production state. Additionally, exceptional donors have an activated phenotype at a resting CAR T (post-CAR manufacturing) state. CAR T cells skew towards Th1/Tc1 and Th17/Tc17 states at resting (post-CAR manufacturing) and activated (tumor challenge) stages for exceptional donors. Exceptional donors showed a higher amount of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells at the pre-production, resting (post-CAR manufacturing), and early activation (tumor challenge) steps. Summary: We have evaluated four assays that could identify CAR T cell variability and segregate CAR T cells into exceptional, good, or poor-performing donors. These assays provide single, quantitative readouts on T cell quality when CAR T cells are placed under 'stress' and may be used to predictively measure T cell quality differences between healthy donors. The information collected across these CAR T productions will be potentially useful for allogeneic donor selection for HIP CAR T manufacturing.

The Impact of Informational and Emotional Television Ad Content on Online Search and Sales

This article documents how informational and emotional appeals in more than 2,000 television ads for 144 car models, aired over four years, influence online search and sales. Increasing the emotional content of ads leads to increases in online search, but increasing the informational content does not. Both informational and emotional content positively influence sales. However, increases in informational content lead to more incremental sales for low-price and low-quality cars than for high-price and high-quality cars. In turn, increases in emotional content generate more incremental sales for high-price cars than for low-price cars. Analyses of the results suggest that managers of high-price and high-quality cars should prioritize emotional rather than informational content in ads. However, managers of low-price and low-quality cars should emphasize emotional content if their objective is to increase online search and informational content if their objective is to increase sales.

Comparison of two photonic crystal fibers for supercontinuum-Stokes spectral-focusing-CARS hyperspectroscopy

A popular and inexpensive experimental approach to broadband CARS microscopy involves the generation of a supercontinuum pulse from a microstructured fibre. Despite such fibres being used for CARS microscopy for over a decade, concerns about excessive spectral and polarization noise have prevented their wider adoption for this technique. In this work, the applicability of two commercially-available supercontinuum generating fibres, the NL-1.4-775-945 and the NL-PM-750 in packaged module form, are compared for spectral-focusing CARS (SF-CARS) imaging. The former has been a mainstay of SF-CARS implementations while the latter has largely found application in a related but distinct broadband CARS technique and has not been used for SF-CARS applications. We first characterize the intensity and polarization behaviour of the supercontinuum output of the fibres and demonstrate that while both can be used to produce high-quality CARS images and spectra, key operational differences between the fibres must be taken into consideration when optimizing their use for SF-CARS applications. In particular, we show via spectroscopy of a solvent sample and hyperspectral imaging of a pharmaceutical sample that the NL-1.4-775-945 is inferior for SF-CARS applications when used under fixed-power supercontinuum generation conditions. However, its operation can be significantly improved under power-tuned supercontinuum generation conditions known as spectral-surfing, an approach that does not confer the same advantage with the NL-PM-750. Furthermore, we identify a latent polarization-dependent spectral artifact in the NL-PM-750, which can degrade the CARS spectrum in time-gated techniques such as SF-CARS.

Path-dependent product development and Fiat's takeover of Lancia in 1969: meta-routines for design selection between synergies and brand autonomy

Fiat's acquisition of Lancia in 1969 represented an opportunity for Fiat to strengthen its position in the upper end of the European market. However, Lancia lost its brand identity as a high quality car manufacture, while the Fiat Group remained focused upon the lower end of the market. This article addresses why path-changing opportunities towards more flexible output-mix strategies that emerged at Fiat before and after acquiring Lancia did not unfold. It identifies and analyses the meta-routines for new design selection as the dynamic link between initial conditions of path dependence (development of design hierarchies at Fiat) and lock-in (an output-mix skewed towards utilitarian cars).

The social stratification of the costs of motoring in France (1984-2006)

This paper examines the evolutions and the role of the motoring expenditure in French household's budgets. It first presents the general trends of the budgetary weight of motoring expenditure. The fall in motoring expenditure budget since 1984 seems to suggest that the car is a 'normal' good, or even an 'inferior' good: the upward trend in household incomes has been accompanied by a fall in the share of expenditure on motoring. By using a classification the paper then presents how motoring expenditure conceals different rationale for French households. The expansion in car ownership thus demonstrates not so much a process of homogenisation as a form of polarisation illustrated here by the extremes of motoring expenditure devoted to renewal of a high quality car for some and the maintenance and use of a rather dilapidated one for others. Moreover, a close analysis of motoring expenditure reveals a three-fold rationale: a rationale of constraint, one of choice and one of risk.

디지털 LCD 엠블럼 시스템 개발과 에어백 커버 장착

자동차 엠블럼은 자동차와 운전자를 나타는 상징이며, 각 엠블럼은 고유의 독특한 역사와 의미를 가지고 있다. 오늘날 소비자와 자동차 디자이너는 고품질의 자동차 엠블럼을 요구한다. 자동차 엠블럼은 플라스틱, 금속, 철, 알루미늄 재료로 제작된다. 엠블럼은 자동차의 상징과 디자이너의 독창적인 생각을 나타내는데 필수적이다. 엠블럼을 개발기간은 최소한 6개월이 필요하다. 그러나 디자인 변경하면 개발 기간이 더 필요하다. 자동차 엠블럼의 패러다임이 아날로그에서 디지털로 변화고 있다. 본 연구에서는 디지털 LCD 엠블럼 시스템을 개발하였고, 에어백 커버에 부착하는 방법을 연구하였다. 에어백이 폭발하였을 때 디지털 LCD 엠블럼은 에어백에서 이탈하지 않았다. Car emblems are representative of both the car and driver. Each emblem had its own distinct history and meaning. Today, customers and car designers require high quality car emblems. Today's car emblems are made of plastic, metal, steel, and aluminum. The emblems need to represent the designer's creative idea and symbol of car. On the other hand, the development period of an emblem requires a minimum of 6 months. When the design of an emblem is changed, more time is required. The paradigm shift of a car emblem changes from analog to digital. In this research, a digital LCD emblem system and the method of attaching it to the airbag cover were developed. When the airbag is engaged, digital LCD emblem system is not separated from the airbag.

Special Issue on Multi-Agent Decision Making

In general terms, decision making describes the process of taking decisions. In the multiagent setting, a key characteristic is that actors are self-interested agents and that decisions influence decisions of others. Classical decision making is concerned with how rational agents make optimal decisions; that is, how they maximize their expected utility. In distributed decision making complex problems are divided into smaller ones and decisions are made in a distributed manner, often at different points in time and space. Therefore, the design and the coordination of these decision subprocesses are of key interest. Another characteristic of classical distributed decision making is that often all involved decision makers are sharing—willingly or not—a global objective and that they are somewhat cooperative. For example, although a car manufacturer may have a decentralized production chain with rather independent decision makers, they all share the goal of manufacturing high-quality cars. In general, this is not the case for multi-agent decision making (MADM) which is concerned with self-interested agents pursuing their own objectives. Those objectives may be consistent but can just as well be completely contradicting; they can be publicly known or private. As a consequence, good decisions no longer only depend on the respective agent’s capabilities and the characteristics of the environment, but to a great extent on how other agents behave and on the interaction with them. In most settings these behaviors influence each other; that complicates matters further. Tools and techniques from classical decision making are no longer sufficient and new ones are needed. In the last decades, game theory, a mathematical theory to model and to reason about the behavior of rational decision makers that take into consideration the behaviour of their peers, has been successfully applied to such multi-agent settings. There are many more (classical) fields that have been shown to contribute to the understanding of this complex topic. This special issue covers some of them. MADM is a very broad area which is also reflected in the contributions of this special issue. The issue includes four technical contributions of which Bulling’s article A Survey of Multi-Agent Decision Making gives an overview of the area. In the article Strategic Argumentation in MultiAgent Systems, Thimm covers the field of strategic argumentation; that is, how agents put forward arguments in a strategically clever way—a neat combination of argumentation and game theory as well as mechanism design. Beliefs and knowledge of agents play a key role in argumentation, and in MADM in general. What if information in MAS is inconsistent? In the article Measuring Inconsistency in Multi-Agent Systems, Hunter et al. investigate how to measure inconsistency—a necessary step to resolve inconsistency—by using concepts from cooperative game theory. Finally, Bazzan considers the aspect of learning in MAS. In her article Beyond Reinforcement Learning and Local View in Multiagent Systems, she argues that multiN. Bulling (&) Department of Informatics, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany e-mail: bulling@in.tu-clausthal.de

The application of the theory of constraints and activity-based costing to business excellence: the case of automotive electronics manufacture firms

The manufacture of high-quality cars at comparatively low-cost has gradually become the mainstream. Our study designs a set of integrated time-driven-activity-based costing (TDABC) of performance-oriented systems using the bottleneck-breaking concept of theory of constraints (TOC). We use it to provide timely and relevant information on operation resources and cost management, which is an urgent issue. Through applications of TOC to TDABC, we further integrate cost concepts into the information system of the enterprise to achieve the following objects: First, the company can concentrate its limited resources on the main problem of bottleneck operations to effectively solve the inconsistency between individual departments and overall objects of the company. Second, in business process management, the company leads all operation processes to follow three major performance indicators. Third, the production-planning units are assisted in applying the specifications and definition of product to the manufacturing cost analysis of new product development. Fourth, in the delivery time, the production and management units are assisted in giving priority to the bottleneck operations when facing rush orders. Finally, in process improvement, improving bottleneck operations fast is the key for overall profits of the corporation.

탄소섬유의 최신 응용 동향

In this paper, the status of the recent applications of carbon fiber was investigated through the published papers, informations or data of the internet etc. The production cost of the carbon fiber will be lowered and in the other hand the quality would be upgraded. Therefore in the automobile area, the use of the carbon fiber will be increased, specially for the high quality cars and the sports cars. Also the structures, wings and many secondary parts of the commercial airplanes will be made of carbon fibers more and more. The carbon fiber applications are extended to many fields including ship buildings like as boats, canoes and retrofitting in civil engineering, sporting goods, instruments etc.

An Empirical Research on Consumer Behaviour towards Small Car Segment in Indian Market

India's automobile industry has undergone a remarkable transformation in the last decade. The small car segment (A1 and A2 segment compact cars) remains at the forefront of this growth story. The automotive industry in India grew at a Computed Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 11.5% over the past five years, and the growth rate in last FY2010-11 was impressive at more than 26% (Maruti Suzuki Ltd, Annual Report 2009-2010). This research paper focuses on customer perception towards various features of existing cars and tries to find the degree of consumer preferences about different automobile features which influences their buying behavior. The increasing disposable income of common people evolution of a sophisticated well off middle class and affordability of high quality cars fuels the growth of the Indian automobile sector. The research analyses 161 complete responses from northern region of India and suggests certain product aspects that the existing players should focus on more closely to allure the customers with better services and at the same time to retain the existing customers.

Managing Country-of-Origin Choices: Competitive Advantages and Opportunities

This study investigates the effects of country-of-design/country-of-assembly combinations on consumers’ evaluative beliefs about and attitudes toward buying automobiles. The effects are compared across groups of consumers differing with respect to levels of consumer thnocentrism. Two design countries and two assembly countries (Japan or US) were considered, yielding four possible design-country/assembly-country combinations. The results suggest that manufacturing products in the country in which they are sold not only provides closer access to the market, but also allows multinational manufacturers to ‘blur the boundaries’ regarding a potentially sensitive country-of-origin issue among highly ethnocentric consumers. At the same time, they can leverage their country-brand images to appeal to those customers who recognize a particular country’s ability to design high quality cars, regardless of their country of assembly.

Introduction

Introduction

ADULTEROUS BEHAVIOUR WITHIN THE CAR-OWNER COUPLE: Some Analyses from French Panel Data on Car Rental and Car Sharing within Households

The objective of this paper was to analyse two activities: who rents a car and why? Which households share the driving of their cars? In order to do that, the Parc-Auto (Car-Fleet) database, built from annual postal surveys conducted with a panel of 10,000 French households, has been processed. Among approximately one hundred questions in the survey, two key questions have been crossed against many social, economic, demographic, geographic or time variables. KQ1: “During the last 12 months, did you — or another person from your home — rent a car in France for personal purposes?” KQ2: “Is this car occasionally used by other persons?” Here are the main findings. Renting households are mainly working, high income households, living in the core of big cities, and in particular in Paris. Most of them have two wage-sheets and two cars, one of which is generally a recent, high power, high quality car. Car rental is mainly an occasional practice. Yet for a minority of renters, it is a sustained habit. Households with more licence holders than cars share the most: about three quarters of them share their cars. On the contrary, single driver-single car households have less opportunity to share: only 15% share. Household car sharing shed light on the gender role within households: while 58% of the main users of the shared cars are male, 55% of secondary users are female. Household car sharing is mainly a regular practice. Finally, without diminishing the merits of innovative transport solutions proposed here and there, it is not a waste of time to give some insight on self established behaviour within households. This reveals that complex patterns have been built over time by the people themselves, to cope with diverse situations that cannot be easily handled by straightforward classifications. The car cannot be reduced to a personal object. Household car sharing also carries strong links with the issue of car dependency. Sifting car availability and choice universes may be useful for fitting disaggregated models of sharing.

Contract Or Co-Operation? Insights From Beyond Construction: Collaboration - The Honda Experience

This paper takes as a case study the construction of a new European car plant at Swindon for Honda of the UK (Manufacturing) Ltd (the NEP). In October 2002, the new plant was awarded the British Construction Industry Award for a Building Project. The judges commented: The ‘one team one goal’ culture of openness and transparency at Honda’s New European Plant, and the company’s refusal to accept the status quo, has been rewarded with a building cost of only £701/sqm – a 40% improvement on the cost of the original plant at Swindon completed nine years earlier. Outside the plant is an anonymous shed, which would not be in contention for any architectural beauty award. Inside it is an incredible three dimensional jigsaw of services dedicated to the rapid and economical assembly of high quality cars.

Managing country-of-origin choices: competitive advantages and opportunities

This study investigates the effects of country-of-design/country-of-assembly combinations on consumers' evaluative beliefs about and attitudes toward buying automobiles. The effects are compared across groups of consumers differing with respect to levels of consumer ethnocentrism. Two design countries and two assembly countries (Japan or US) were considered, yielding four possible design-country/assembly-country combinations. The results suggest that manufacturing products in the country in which they are sold not only provides closer access to the market, but also allows multinational manufacturers to ‘blur the boundaries’ regarding a potentially sensitive country-of-origin issue among highly ethnocentric consumers. At the same time, they can leverage their country-brand images to appeal to those customers who recognize a particular country's ability to design high quality cars, regardless of their country of assembly.

The Design History of a V8 Engine

The author describes the design of a modern high-quality car engine and gives details of special problems encountered with the use of light alloys, and how they were successfully overcome. The principal engine components are described and illustrated and details of balancing calculations are given in the Appendix.