High Prevalence Of Anxiety Research Articles

S1635 Gender-Related Difference on Demographics and Comorbidities of Gastroparesis

Introduction: Gastroparesis is known to be more prevalent in females than males, even though the pathophysiology behind it remains unclear. There is lack of gender specific comparison of gastroparesis in terms of demographics and comorbidities. The aim of the study was to compare the demographics and comorbidities of gastroparesis between female and male patients. Methods: Patients who had completed a gastric emptying study and diagnosed with gastroparesis were identified using a nationwide database, IBM Explorys (1999-2022). The following conditions were excluded: cyclical vomiting syndrome, psychoactive substance abuse, eating disorder, factitious disorder, chemotherapy, malignant tumor of esophagus and stomach, neoplasm of abdomen, gastric or intestinal obstruction, IBD, adhesion of intestine, carcinomatosis, perforation of intestine, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy, and gastrectomy. Patients were subdivided into males and females. Demographic information, clinical symptoms and comorbidities were collected. Chi-square tests were performed to compare categorical data. Odds Ratios with a 95% confidence interval were reported. Results: A total of 17,570 patients were identified with gastroparesis, of which 13,090 (75%) patients were females and 4,390 (25%) patients were males. Females and males demonstrated similar trend in the distribution of ethnicity: most patients were White (76.6 vs 74.0%), followed by African American (13.0 vs 14.4%) and other races respectively (Table). There was a higher percentage of females than males in the younger age group: age 20-29 (F vs M: 5.3 vs 4.3%) and age 30-39 (F vs M: 13.8 vs 11.4%) respectively. Male patients with GP had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (M vs F: 52.8 vs 42.8%) and other comorbidities, such as: hypertension (64.0 vs 54.5%), hyperlipidemia (57.2 vs 50.1%), chronic kidney disease (24.1 vs 15.8 %), coronary artery disease (26.4 vs 16.6 %) and smoking (16.6 vs 13.8%) (All P value < 0.0001) (Figure). Female patients had a higher prevalence of anxiety (F vs M: 41.3 vs 27.1%), depression (45.8 vs 31.7%), autoimmune conditions (13.8 vs 5.0%) and morbid obesity (15.6 vs 11.6%) (All P value < 0.0001). Conclusion: Female and male patients with gastroparesis demonstrate similar ethnic distribution. There is a higher percentage of female patients than males in the younger age group. However, female and male patients demonstrate different comorbidities.Figure 1.: Comparison of Comorbidities Between Female and Male patients with Gastroparesis. Table 1. - Comparison of Demographics and Comorbidities Between Female and Male Patients with Gastroparesis Female (N=13090) % Male (N=4390) % OR P Age 20-29 690 5.3% 190 4.3% 1.04-1.45 0.0135 30-39 1810 13.8% 500 11.4% 1.12-1.39 < 0.0001 40-49 2370 18.1% 740 16.9% 1.00-1.19 0.0612 50-59 2710 20.7% 1060 24.1% 0.76-0.89 < 0.0001 60-69 2810 21.5% 970 22.1% 0.89-1.05 0.3811 70-79 2000 15.3% 720 16.4% 0.84-1.01 0.0760 80-89 930 7.1% 290 6.6% 0.94-1.24 0.2618 90 above 260 2.0% 80 1.8% 0.85-1.41 0.4963 Race Caucasian 10030 76.6% 3250 74.0% 1.06-1.24 0.0005 African American 1700 13.0% 630 14.4% 0.81-0.98 0.0215 Asian 110 0.8% 50 1.1% 0.06-0.09 < 0.0001 Hispanic/Latino 120 0.9% 40 0.9% 0.70-1.44 0.9733 Unknown/Other 1130 8.6% 420 9.6% 0.79-1.00 0.0595 Comorbidities DM 5600 42.8% 2320 52.8% 0.62-0.71 < 0.0001 HTN 7130 54.5% 2810 64.0% 0.63-0.72 < 0.0001 HLD 6560 50.1% 2510 57.2% 0.70-0.81 < 0.0001 CKD 2070 15.8% 1060 24.1% 0.54-0.64 < 0.0001 CAD 2170 16.6% 1160 26.4% 0.51-0.60 < 0.0001 Smoking 1810 13.8% 730 16.6% 0.73-0.88 < 0.0001 Anxiety 5410 41.3% 1190 27.1% 1.76-2.04 < 0.0001 Depression 6000 45.8% 1390 31.7% 1.70-1.96 < 0.0001 Autoimmune disease 1800 13.8% 220 5.0% 2.62-3.49 < 0.0001 Morbid obesity 2040 15.6% 510 11.6% 1.27-1.56 < 0.0001

Meta-analysis of the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

ObjectiveTo systematically review the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsComputers were used to search CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, and other Chinese and English databases. The search period was limited to December 2019 to April 2022. Cross-sectional studies collected data on the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline healthcare workers since the onset of COVID-19. The STATA 15.1 software was used for the meta-analysis of the included literature.ResultsA total of 30 studies were included, with a sample size of 18,382 people. The meta-analysis results showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the total prevalence of anxiety among frontline healthcare workers was 43.00%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.36–0.50, and the total prevalence of depression was 45.00%, with a 95% CI of 0.37–0.52. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that prevalence of anxiety and depression in women, married individuals, those with children, and nurses was relatively high. Frontline healthcare workers with a bachelor's degree or lower had a higher prevalence of anxiety. The prevalence of depression was higher among frontline healthcare workers with intermediate or higher professional titles.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline healthcare workers was high. In the context of public health emergencies, the mental health status of frontline healthcare workers should be given full attention, screening should be actively carried out, and targeted measures should be taken to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection among frontline healthcare workers.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022344706.

Internet use and cyberbullying: Impacts on psychosocial and psychosomatic wellbeing among Chinese adolescents

The use of the internet for entertainment has increased hugely over the last decade among Chinese adolescents, but the psychosocial impacts remain unclear. The aims of this study are to explore the associations between internet use, cyberbullying and psychosocial wellbeing among Chinese adolescents. Questionnaires were completed in the classroom setting by 3378 middle school students aged 11–16 years old (M = 13.58, SD = 0.87) in three provinces representing eastern, central and western China. Key findings included: 1) Internet use of over 3 h per day was associated with higher prevalence of anxiety [OR = 1.6, 95% CI (1.1, 2.2), p = 0.006], depression [OR = 2.1, 95% CI (1.7, 2.6), p < 0.001] and psychosomatic health problems, such as abdominal pain [OR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.8, 3.3), p < 0.001]. 2) Boys were much more likely to play online games. 3) Moderate time of gaming was overall beneficial to well-being. 4) Cyberbullying was common, with 37.5% admitting involvement. 5) Bully-victims were most vulnerable to mental and psychosomatic health problems, and only-bullies were the least vulnerable group. Our findings suggest moderate internet use for entertainment is not detrimental to mental health, but excessive use is. Schools should promote adolescents’ responsible use of the internet and incorporate anti-cyberbullying programs into the curriculum.

COVID-somnia: anxiety, insomnia, and poor sleep among second-line healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundLittle information is available about the linkage between sleep affection and COVID-19. Preliminary reports and clinical observations focused on the appearance of related mental health issues, especially in healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsA cross-sectional study is conducted on the COVID-19 second-line HCWs using an English online survey prepared via Google forms. The survey focused on sociodemographic and profession-related characteristics (age, sex, smoking, history of previous sleep disorders or medications affecting sleep, comorbidities specialty, years of experience, and number of hours worked per week) and COVID-19-associated risks (being on the second line of COVID-19 management, following updates and news about COVID-19, and getting an infection with COVID-19 or having a colleague/friend who was infected with or died of COVID-19). Assessment of anxiety, insomnia, and sleep quality was done using the relevant diagnostic scales.ResultsThis study included 162 second-line HCWs with a mean age of 34.36 ± 8.49 years. Although being in second lines, there was a high prevalence of anxiety (49.38%), insomnia (56.17%), and poor sleep quality (67.9%) during the pandemic. One condition was recently developed after the pandemic: insomnia in 6.6%, anxiety in 5.7%, and poor sleep in 16%. Two conditions were developed: insomnia and poor sleep in 21.7%, anxiety and poor sleep in 7.5%, and insomnia and anxiety in 10.4%. The three conditions were de novo experienced in 19.8%. A total of 22.4% of those who followed daily COVID-19 updates developed de novo combined anxiety, insomnia, and poor sleep. A total of 38.5% of participants that had been infected with COVID-19 developed de novo combined anxiety, insomnia, and poor sleep. A total of 50% of participants who had a colleague/friend who died with COVID-19 developed de novo combined anxiety, insomnia, and poor sleep.ConclusionAlthough being in second lines, there was a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and poor sleep concerning COVID-19-related factors.

A study to assess anxiety, stress and depression among private medical practitioners during COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study

Objectives: This study aims to assess the magnitude of anxiety, stress, and depression among private practitioners during the COVID pandemic 2020. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was done using a semi-structured questionnaire through electronic media in the form of Google Forms. Patient health questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 were incorporated into the questionnaire to assess the psychological status in November 2020. Results: A total of 157 private practitioners participated in the study. Males constituted 60%. Participants have mean age (SD) of 44.2 (6.9) years with work experience and a mean (SD) of 16.3 (6.78) years. The anxiety and depression subscales of the PHQ-4 scale showed that 54.7% of the private practitioners have anxiety subscale ≥3 and 28% have depression subscale &gt;3 needing further psychiatric evaluation. Significant predictors of anxiety and depression were female gender, younger and less experienced, and those providing inpatient services in COVID care isolation facilities. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression among private practitioners comparable with other countries.

Prevalence of comorbid conditions among older males with haemophilia receiving care in haemophilia treatment centers in the United States.

Increased survival among men with haemophilia has brought with it an increased risk of age-related comorbidities that may be challenging to treat in the presence of a bleeding disorder. Estimate the prevalence of several age-related comorbidities among older males with haemophilia receiving care in the U.S. haemophilia treatment center (HTC) network compared to that among the general population. People with bleeding disorders who receive care in network HTCs can volunteer to participate in a surveillance registry that collects detailed clinical information including the presence of comorbid conditions at annual visits. We used registry data collected on males with haemophilia age 45 years and older to calculate lifetime prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, cancer, anxiety and depression. Comparable data on the U.S. general male population was obtained from the National Health Interview Survey. During the surveillance period, 1592 middle-aged (45-64 years) and 645 older (≥65 years) patients with haemophilia had comorbidity data collected during 6435 HTC visits. Most haemophilia patients in both age groups had a higher prevalence of anxiety, depression and diabetes, but a lower prevalence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and myocardial infarction compared to the general U.S. male population. In addition, middle-aged patients had lower rates of leukemia, whereas older patients had higher rates of obesity than the general population. These findings highlight the mental stress associated with this chronic condition and support continued public health obesity prevention efforts in the haemophilia community.

Challenges and Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health: A Systematic Review

The measures put in place to contain the rapid spread of COVID-19 infection, such as quarantine, self-isolation, and lockdown, were supportive but have significantly affected the mental wellbeing of individuals. The primary goal of this study was to review the impact of COVID-19 on mental health. An intensive literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, PsyciatryOnline, PubMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Articles published between January 2020 and June 2022 were retrieved and appraised. Reviews and retrospective studies were excluded. One hundred and twenty-two (122) relevant articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were finally selected. A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorders was reported. Alcohol and substance abuse, domestic violence, stigmatization, and suicidal tendencies have all been identified as direct consequences of lockdown. The eminent risk factors for mental health disorders identified during COVID-19 include fear of infection, history of mental illness, poor financial status, female gender, and alcohol drinking. The protective factors for mental health include higher income levels, public awareness, psychological counseling, social and government support. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a number of mental disorders in addition to economic hardship. This strongly suggests the need to monitor the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health.

Recovering from COVID-19: psychological sequelae and post-traumatic growth six months after discharge

ABSTRACT Background: Clinical and scientific evidence has shown that a range of long-lasting symptoms can persist in the post-virological period. However, little is known about the psychological sequelae of patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety–depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and post-traumatic growth among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic 6 months after discharge, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with psychological outcomes. Method: This cross-sectional cohort study enrolled recovered COVID-19 patients during a multidisciplinary follow-up screening. At 6 months post-discharge, participants underwent a remote assessment with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted. Results: The sample was composed of 100 patients, mainly males (72%), with a mean ± SD age of 58.7 ± 11.8 years. Regarding psychological symptoms, 34% and 24% of patients, respectively, reported anxiety and depression over the clinical threshold, and 20% met the criteria for a possible PTSD diagnosis. Psychological symptoms were associated with the presence of a mood disorder in the patient’s clinical history and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Conclusions: A high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, potentially indicative for a mood or anxiety disorder, and PTSD was confirmed among COVID-19 survivors after 6 months. Anxiety and depressive symptoms and PTSD were associated with a previous diagnosis of a mood disorder and having received psychological consultation. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received psychological consultation. Tailored psychological interventions could help to elaborate the psychological suffering and foster post-traumatic growth after a traumatic experience such as COVID-19 hospitalization. HIGHLIGHTS A high prevalence of psychological symptoms has been observed among COVID-19 survivors 6 months after hospitalization. Tailored psychological interventions could help to contain the psychological sequelae and facilitate post-traumatic growth.

Psychological burden of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic among Egyptian pregnant women

Background and aim Pregnant women are more prone to psychological distress, which can have a deleterious effect on the mother and the fetus. coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a new and dangerous event with limited data available that may adversely affect the mental health of pregnant women. So, the aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women, pregnant women’s perceptions toward COVID-19 epidemiology, and antenatal care service utilization during the pandemic. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in the interval from February 2021 to September 2021 and included 340 Egyptian pregnant women with singleton pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. A structured self-administered online questionnaire was completed by the participants. The validated 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 was used. Results The study revealed a high prevalence of stress (61.5%), anxiety (73%), and depression (68.5%) among pregnant women. Chronic diseases, irregular antenatal care, and previous COVID-19 infection of family members were all significant predictors of anxiety and depression. In contrast, prior infection of the pregnant women with COVID-19 in the current pregnancy was a significant predictor for stress, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among Egyptian pregnant women during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychosocial support is required, in addition to raising pregnant women’s awareness regarding COVID-19 infection.

The Impact of Anxiety and Depression on Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical Students in Syria

Background The National Medical Unified Examination (NMUE) is a milestone in the life of medical students in Syria. The selection for residency programs depends mainly on the NMUE score, where competitive specialties require higher scores. Therefore, preparation for the NMUE might be a source of anxiety and depression. This study aims at evaluating the impact of anxiety and depression on the NMUE score. A secondary objective is to determine the effect of some factors (i.e., exercise, having breakfast, adequate sleep, and social media) on anxiety and depression. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire and included medical students who were preparing for the October 2019 NMUE exam. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to screen for anxiety and depression, respectively. NMUE scores were obtained from the official score report. Demographics and other potential confounding factors, such as Cumulative Grade Point Average, were obtained through the questionnaire. Results One hundred and thirty ( n = 130) students participated in the study, 83 of them were women (63.8%). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were 59.2 and 58%, respectively, with no difference between men and women. Both anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the NMUE score. However, this relationship did not persist after controlling for other important predictors through multiple regression. Only exercising was statically significant in reducing PHQ-9 scores. None of the studied factors were significant in reducing GAD-7 scores. Conclusion Although participants with higher anxiety/depression had lower NMUE scores, this association does not imply causation. The high prevalence of anxiety and depression (approximately two-thirds of the participants) is concerning and may pose a great threat to students' well-being and adversely affect the quality of care provided by them as future health care professionals.

Depression, Anxiety, Perceived Stress and Family Support in COVID-19 Patients.

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Iran in February 2020 and then quickly spread to many cities. Different factors contribute to the numerous psychological problems of this pandemic in patients, healthcare workers and the community. This study investigated the prevalence of perceived stress, anxiety and depression in COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March and April 2020 and revealed associations of these factors with social support received from family. Method : In this cross-sectional study, patients with COVID-19 admitted between 21st of March and 22nd of April 2020 were evaluated by three questionnaires: Anxiety and depression were evaluated using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), stress levels were evaluated using the four-item perceived stress scale (PSS-4) and family support was evaluated using the perceived social support scale-family (PSS-Fa). In addition to obtaining prevalence of the noted psychological disorders and their relationship with demographic details, relationship of stress, anxiety and depression with family support was also investigated using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Participants comprised 100 COVID-19 patients (38 females and 62 males). Findings suggested high levels of perceived stress in 26% of the participants, anxiety symptoms existed in 29% and borderline conditions existed in 17%. Moreover, depressive and its borderline symptoms were respectively observed in 17% and 23%. Family support was found to negatively and significantly correlated with anxiety (Pearson correlation = -0.249, P < 0.05) and depression. (Pearson correlation = -0.221, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of anxiety and depression in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, it is recommended to further focus on non-clinical interventions, such as providing psychological first aids, boosting psychological resilience, and enabling greater family support, in efforts to prevent transformation of these psychological symptoms into long-term psychological disorders.

How Can We Help Healthcare Workers during a Catastrophic Event Such as the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Healthcare workers (HCWs) have significantly suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic, reporting a high prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We investigated with this survey whether HCWs benefitted from supportive measures put in place by hospitals and how these measures were perceived. This cross-sectional survey, which was conducted during the first wave of COVID-19 at the Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland, between May and July 2021, collected information on the use and perception of practical and mental health support measures provided by the hospital. In total, 3461 HCWs participated in the study. Regarding the practical support measures, 2896 (84%) participants found them useful, and 2650 (76%) used them. Regarding the mental health support measures, 3149 (90%) participants found useful to have the possibility of attending hypnosis sessions, 3163 (91%) to have a psychologist within hospital units, 3202 (93%) to have a medical nursing psychiatric permanence available seven days a week, and 3171 (92%) to have a hotline available seven days a week. In total, 436 (13%) HCWs used at least one of the available mental health support measures. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the support measures were valued by HCWs. Given the high prevalence of psychiatric issues among HCWs, these measures seem necessary and are likely to have alleviated the suffering of HCWs.

Subjective Wellbeing and Its Associated Factors among University Community during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Malaysia.

Lockdown implementation during COVID-19 pandemic has caused many negative impacts in various aspect of life, including in the academic world. Routine disruption to teaching and learning environment has raised concerns to the wellbeing of university staff and students. This study aimed to examine the subjective wellbeing of the university community in Northern Malaysia during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic and the factors affecting it. An online cross-sectional survey involving 1148 university staff and students was conducted between March and April 2020. The research tools include the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) to assess subjective wellbeing and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress 21 (DASS-21) scale for psychological distress. While we found the subjective wellbeing score in our study population was stable at 7.67 (1.38), there was high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress with 27.4%, 18.4%, and 11.5%, respectively. The students reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to staff. The PWI score was seen to be inversely affected by the depression and stress score with a reduction in the PWI score by 0.022 (95% CI −0.037 to −0.007) and 0.046 (95% CI −0.062 to −0.030) with every one-unit increment for each subscale, respectively. Those who perceived to have more difficulty due to the lockdown also reported low subjective wellbeing. Thus, it is crucial to ensure policies and preventative measures are in place to provide conducive teaching and learning environment. Additionally, the detrimental psychological effects especially among students should be addressed proactively.

Thực trạng và một số yếu tố liên quan tới dấu hiệu lo âu, trầm cảm và stress của sinh viên Đại học Phenikaa trong đại dịch covid - 19

Background: COVID-19 caused a pandemic that drastically affected health systems, the economy, and social life globally. Social distancing and online education have become popular globally since 2020. This change in method of learning and social interaction has cáue pressure on undergraduate student’s psychology. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of students with stress, depression, and anxiety and related factor. Methods: Participants were 576 students at Phenikaa University from September 2021 to January 2011. The DASS-21 was used to collect data online. Results: prevalence of students with anxiety, depression, and stress was 37.3%, 44.8%, and 32.8%, respectively. The level of anxiety, depression, and stress among students was average to severe. History of psychological problems (stress, anxiety disorders, depression, and sleep disturbances) and being a student in health science field are risk factors for stress, depression, and anxiety among participants. Conclusion: The high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among students indicated the need of interventional programs to improve the issues.

The Relationship between Duration of Smartphone Uses and Anxiety in University Students during the COVID-19 Outbreak

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, China adopted a home isolation policy, which caused lifestyle changes for university students, including increased smartphone use. Several studies indicate that problematic smartphone use is associated with anxiety. However, this association has not been examined in the context of epidemics. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the duration of smartphone use was associated with anxiety in Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Participants included 9716 university students (5458 men and 4258 women) from Liaoning, China. We assessed the duration of smartphone use with a self-reported questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed using the generalized anxiety disorder seven-item scale. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the adjusted association between smartphone use and anxiety. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, we observed a positive association between smartphone use duration and the prevalence of anxiety in all participating students. Compared with short periods of smartphone usage, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for moderate and long smartphone usage duration were 1.17 (1.00, 1.36) and 1.58 (1.36, 1.83), respectively. This significant positive association did not change in the sex-stratified analysis (for both men and women). Conclusions: Our examination of the association between duration of smartphone uses and university students’ anxiety levels revealed that long smartphone use was associated with a high prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

238 Cogniton and mood disorder in cervical dystonia

BackgroundCervical dystonia patients have a high prevalence of anxiety and depression which is the main predictor of quality of life. Reports of abnormal cognition in cervical dystonia may be confounded by concurrent mood disorder.AimTo assess the relationships between measures of cognition, mood disorder, disease severity, and quality of life in cervical dystonia.MethodsIn 45 cervical dystonia partici- pants, we assessed clinical measures of disease severity, mood disorder using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory, quality of life by the Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile and Utility Values from the EQ-5D-5L and administered an extensive neuropsychological assessment battery. The outcomes of clinical and neuropsychological variables were compared between participants with and without signifi- cant mood disorder.ResultsSignificant anxiety and/or depression were reported in 18 participants (40%); 27 participants (60%) had no prevalent anxiety or depression. Significant deficits in executive function were found in participants with mood disorder in comparison to those without mood disorder; otherwise neuropsychological testing showed no between-group abnormalities. Mood disorder significantly cor- related with measures of executive function and quality of life. Abnormal Social Cognition was found in cervical dystonia, unrelated to prevalent mood disorder.ConclusionMood disorder in cervical dystonia is a significant independent predictor of both measures of executive function and quality of life. Other than in Social Cognition, there was no evidence of any primary cognitive impairment in cervical dystonia.mhutchin2@mac.com

Incidence and risk factors related to anxiety of children and adolescents before elective surgery.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the preoperative anxiety in children and adolescents and to identify some of the risk factors associated with the incidence of anxiety in 9–18 years old group. Children and adolescents 9–18 years old hospitalized the night before elective surgeries were analyzed in terms of incidence and severity of anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) measure. Of the 164 patients, 111 (67.6%) suffered from preoperative anxiety. The incidence of anxiety in children aged 9–12 was 2.88 times the anxiety of those aged 12–18 (OR = 2.88) (1.65, 5.98). Moreover, the incidence of anxiety in only children was 0.65 times that of children with siblings (OR = 0.78) (0.11,2.93), and in patients with a history of hospitalization, the incidence was 1.85 times the stress in children without hospitalization history (OR = 1.85)(1.31,3.99); finally, the incidence of anxiety in children of higher socioeconomic status was lower compared with those of lower socioeconomic status (OR = 0.13) (0.08,0.35). Having close frend or family in the healthcare staff decreased the prevalence (OR = 0.64 (0.23,1.79) and severity of anxiety (47.02 ± 5.48 vs. 54.18 ± 7.18) (P-value = 0.001). There was no relationship between gender and the incidence of anxiety (OR = 1). Incidence of preoperative anexiety in foriner was1.72 times of persion patients (OR=1.72) (0.99,4.25). The severity of anxiety was lower in boys (46.22 ± 6.68) compared with girls (52.55 ± 7.52) (P-value = 0.002) and lower in patients of medium-to-high socioeconomic status (43.64 ± 5.45) compared with those with lower socioeconomic status (49.66 ± 6.49) (P-value = 0.003). There was no relationship between being an only child and severity of anxiety (P-value = 0.54) (48.31 ± 5.05 vs. 48.12 ± 6.81). However, anxiety was more severe in patients with a history of hospitalization (50.55 ± 4.64) (49.2 ± 6.23) (P-value = 0.09). Severity of anexiety was not dependent to nationality of patients(P-value = 0.6) .Taken together, our data suggest that various methods should be used to reduce anxiety and associated complications, regarding the high prevalence of anxiety in mentioned groups of children and adolescents.

MO885: Anxiety Burden in Haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS The growing number of people undergoing dialysis therapy on a global scale is becoming a universal concern. Their mental health is substantially associated with quality of life and outcomes. The prevalence of anxiety for people on dialysis is not well known, but appears much higher than in the general population. Nevertheless, it remains under-recognised and under-managed. We aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety in adult patients on chronic haemodialysis (HD) and continuous automated peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHOD This single-centre cross-sectional study enrolled 123 patients (61 on HD and 62 on CAPD) in stable clinical condition and able to understand and fill-in the self-administered Beck Anxiety Inventory questionnaire (BAI). The patients’ self-rated health was assessed by an EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Standard laboratory parameters and Kt/V were measured in all patients. Other relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained from patients’ medical records. The results were analyzed with independent sample T-test and χ2 statistic. RESULTS The HD and CAPD groups did not differ significantly with regard to sex (59% versus 48% men; P = 0.237), age (60.83 ± 12.98 versus 60.37 ± 13.10 years; P = 0.845), level of education (44% versus 52% with only primary school; P = 0.593) and dialysis vintage (35.14 ± 26.77 versus 30.31 ± 26.11 months; P = 0.312). The average BAI was 19.40 ± 15.64 in HD and 11.52 ± 9.69 in CAPD patients (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Among HD patients 17% had mild (BAI = 8–15) and 53% severe (BAI &amp;gt;15) anxiety, while among CAPD patients 37% had mild and 26% severe anxiety (P = 0.013). No statistically significant difference was noted within the HD and CAPD groups related to the presence of anxiety and sex, age, level of education, dialysis vintage, dialysis adequacy and laboratory measurements. HD patients with BAI ≥ 8 had significantly lower EQ-VAS than those with BAI &amp;lt; 8 (48.89 ± 21.98 versus 66.92 ± 26.70; P = 0.032). However, no such observation was obtained in the CAPD group. CONCLUSION Anxiety is a common symptom among patients undergoing dialysis. In HD patients, it appears to be related to an overall worse health status. Early detection and treatment of anxiety may have a positive impact on patient outcomes. Thus, the high prevalence of anxiety in the current study supports the need to adopt effective strategies to adopt and improve screening strategies.

Asociación entre alteraciones en el sueño y problemas de salud mental en los estudiantes de Medicina durante la pandemia de la COVID-19

IntroductionMedical students are a population vulnerable to poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation; these problems were accentuated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective was to evaluate the association between sleep disturbances and the presence of depression and anxiety in medical students during the pandemic. Materials and methodsCross-sectional, analytical study in medical students of a private university in Peru. Data were collected from May 22 to June 14, 2020, after 3 months of mandatory social isolation. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; ≥10), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7; ≥10) scale and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI; ≥8) were used to assess depression, anxiety and insomnia, respectively. Poisson regressions with robust variance were used to calculate prevalence ratios. ResultsThe prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia was 28.5%, 29.5% and 60.1% respectively. It was found that those who had short sleep (RPa: 1.40, CI: 1.05-1.87, p: 0.024), who slept after 2:00 hours (RPa: 2.24, CI: 1.31-3.83, p: 0.003) and who presented insomnia (RPa: 7.12, CI: 3.70-13.73, p: <0.001) had a higher prevalence of anxiety. Likewise, those who slept after 2:00 hours (RPa: 2.13, CI: 1.24-3.64, p: 0.006) and those who presented insomnia (RP: 8.82, CI: 4.17-18.68, p: <0.001) had a higher prevalence of depression. ConclusionsShort sleep, bedtime and insomnia are factors associated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety.

Psychosocial Burden of Itch among Renal Transplant Recipients.

Itch is the most common symptom of chronic dermatoses. Moreover, itch may be associated with systemic disorders. Chronic kidney disease—associated itch (CKD-aI) may affect up to 20% of renal transplant recipients (RTR). The aim of the study was to assess psychosocial burden of itch in RTR. The study was performed on a group of 129 RTR, out of which 54 (41.9%) experienced itch in the previous 3 days. A specially designed questionnaire assessing anxiety, depression, stigmatization, and quality of life was used. Results: Patients suffering from itch in the previous 3 days achieved significantly higher scores in GAD-7 (p < 0.001), BDI (p < 0.001), HADS total score (p < 0.001), HADS Depression (p = 0.004), and HADS Anxiety (p < 0.001). Severity of itch correlated positively with HADS, stigmatization scale, and GAD-7. Itch in RTR was associated with higher incidence of depression assessed with BDI (OR 3.7). Moreover, higher prevalence of anxiety was found among patients suffering from CKD-aI, assessed with HADS A and GAD-7 (OR 2.7 and OR 4.8, respectively) The results of our study clearly demonstrate that itch among RTR is a significant burden. Higher prevalence of depression and anxiety in this groups indicate the necessity of addressing itch relief as a part of holistic approach to patients after renal transplantation.