High Pr Research Articles

Intratumoral Intensity in T2-weighted MRI and the Association With Histological and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Women With Invasive Breast Cancer.

To compare the intratumoral T2 signal intensity on MRI and histopathological and molecular expression of biomarkers of aggressiveness (histological grade, hormonal status, HER2, and Ki-67). This retrospective study included all women with invasive breast cancer undergoing MRI from January 2014 to October 2016. The intratumoral T2 signal as interpreted at consensus by two radiologists was compared to histopathological and molecular prognostic factors from the surgical specimen. Statistical analyses used Pearson χ 2 test with a confidence level of 95% (P ≤ 0.05). Fifty patients with 50 lesions met study criteria (mean age 65.8 ± 13.5 years). Mean lesion size was 28 mm ± 15.7 mm (range, 15 to 76 mm). Cancer types were invasive ductal (35/50, 70%), invasive lobular (10/50, 20%), and mixed (5/50, 10%). Most lesions were histological grade 1 or 2 (41/50, 82%) and luminal type (45/50, 90%). On T2 images, lesions were hypointense in 62% (31/50), isointense in 20% (10/50), and hyperintense in 18% (9/50) of cases. Among hypointense lesions, 94% (29/31) were low or intermediate grade tumors (P = 0.02), low HER2 overexpression (30/31, 97%) (P = 0.005), and high ER status (30/31, 97%) (P = 0.006), high PR (26/31, 84%) (P = 0.02), and low incidence of necrosis (2/31, 6%). The difference in Ki-67 tumoral expression between groups was not significant. Intratumoral T2 hypointensity in invasive breast cancer is associated with better prognostic tumors, such as histological low-grade high hormone receptor status.

Study on the synthesis and application of BaTiO3 nanospheres

Abstract In the present study, BaTiO3 nanospheres with a uniform particle size of around 100 nm were prepared by a hydrothermal route using Ba(OH)2.8H2O and TiO2 nanoparticles. Experimental results revealed that the main influencing factors for the formation of BaTiO3 nanospheres were molar Ba/Ti ratio (R Ba/Ti), hydrothermal temperature, and time. Highly-dispersed BaTiO3 nanospheres (100 nm) were obtained under the optimum hydrothermal conditions at temperature = 200°C, time = 12 h, and R Ba/Ti = 1.5. Under these optimum conditions, BaTiO3 ceramics were synthesized from the as-prepared BaTiO3 nanospheres, and their structural, microstructural, and electrical properties were investigated. The BaTiO3 ceramics exhibited a high dielectric constant of 7300 at a Curie temperature of 125 °C, great density (ρ), 5.83 g cm–3; large dielectric constant at room temperature er = 3586 and tan d = 0.03, high remanant polarization P r = 10.6 μC cm–2, low coercive field E c = 4.5 kVcm–1.

Phase transition behavior, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of (1-x)NaNbO3-xLiTaO3 ceramics

(1-x)NaNbO3-xLiTaO3 ceramics were synthesized by solid state reactions and the phase transition, dielectric and ferroelectric properties were studied. XRD and Raman results suggested that the anti-ferroelectric orthorhombic P phase (Pbma) gradually transformed into the ferroelectric orthorhombic Q phase (P21ma) when x ≥ 0.10, and the turning points of v1, v3 and v6 appeared when x = 0.15, which is probably due to the competition of two kinds of O phase with increasing x. The diffuse relaxor behavior of NN ceramics were obviously increased by LT addition, and the x = 0.10 sample possessed a comparable ΔTm with x = 0.05 samples. As a result, the x = 0.10 sample possesses a fast ferroelectric switching time of 1.75 ms and a high Pr of 27μC/cm2, due to the enhanced ferroelectric phase and relaxor diffuse behavior. In addition, the x = 0.10 sample also shows a well rectangular P-E loops, indicating its potential applications in ferroelectric memory devices.

Energy storage performance of BaTiO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics prepared through a two-step process

As the industrial pillar of electronic ceramics, BaTiO3 ceramic is difficult to achieve large energy storing performance due to its high Pr and low dielectric breakdown field strength, making it difficult to satisfy their development requirements of miniaturization and lightweight of power electronic equipment. Therefore, a two-step strategy including adjusting the ratio of chemical elements to modify the microstructures and optimizing the preparation process to enhance electric breakdown strength has been proposed to greatly enhance the energy storing performance of lead-free ferroelectric ceramics, whose effectiveness has been proved within this investigation. Especially, the (Ba0.65Sr0.245Bi0.07)0.99Nd0.01TiO3 (BT-SBT-NdVPP) ceramic prepared by this strategy obtains a superhigh energy storage density of 4.2 J/cm3 under 460 kV/cm, and its temperature (30 ~ 100 °C) and frequency (10 ~ 400 Hz) stabilities under 300 kV/cm are pretty good. In addition, this ceramic has excellent pulse performance under 350 kV/cm between 30 and 150 °C. Therefore, this two-step strategy put forward within this investigation not only significantly improves the energy storage performance of BT-based ceramics but also provides a reference for the preparation of dielectric ceramics with high quality, which could has great potential for the practical industrial application.

Examining the Associations between Indigenous Rangers, Culture and Wellbeing in Australia, 2018-2020.

The centrality of culture to Indigenous peoples’ health and wellbeing is becoming increasingly acknowledged in government policy. In Australia, the Indigenous Ranger program is a leading example of employment that supports increased cultural participation. In 2017, we demonstrated higher life satisfaction and family wellbeing among Indigenous Rangers compared to non-Rangers in Central Australia. Using an expanded national dataset, this present study aimed to: examine if associations between Ranger status and wellbeing continued to be observed in Central Australia; assess if these associations were observed among non-Central Australian Rangers; and, quantify the effect of mediating variables (Rangers status, cultural factors) on wellbeing outcomes. We analyzed Mayi Kuwayu baseline data (n = 9691 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) and compared participants who identified as past or currently employed Rangers compared to non-Rangers across two geographic locations (Central Australia, non-Central Australia). Ranger participation was significantly associated with very high life satisfaction and family wellbeing in Central Australia (high life satisfaction PR 1.31, 95% CI 1.09–1.57, and family wellbeing (PR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.36) and non-Central Australia (high life satisfaction PR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.57), family wellbeing (PR 1.37, 95% CI 1.14–1.65). These findings concord with those observed in the 2017 proof-of-concept study. Additionally, we found that Ranger status partially mediated the relationships between existing cultural practices (first language as your Indigenous language and living on your country) and the two wellbeing outcomes. Current cultural practices, spending time on country and speaking your Aboriginal language, also partially mediated the associations between Ranger status and high life satisfaction, and between Ranger status and high family wellbeing. This analysis supports evidence that both Ranger employment and cultural participation are contributors to wellbeing. Ranger work is not only good for land, but it is good for people. As such, determining policies that mutually acknowledge and enhance culture, health and wellbeing will likely have additional benefits for the broader Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population.

CO2 refixation is higher in leaves of woody species with high mesophyll and stomatal resistances to CO2 diffusion.

The percentage of respiratory and photorespiratory CO2 refixed in leaves (Pr) represents part of the CO2 used in photosynthesis. The importance of Pr as well as differences between species and functional types are still not well investigated. In this study, we examine how Pr differs between six temperate and boreal woody species: Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Vaccinium vitis-idaea. The study covers early and late successional species, deciduous broadleaves, deciduous conifers, evergreen conifers and evergreen broadleaves. We investigated whether some species or functional types had higher refixation percentages than others, whether leaf traits could predict higher Pr and whether these traits and their impact on Pr changed during growing seasons. Photosynthesis CO2 response (A/Ci)-curves, measured early, mid and late season, were used to estimate and compare Pr, mesophyll resistance (rm) and stomatal resistance (rs) to CO2 diffusion. Additionally, light images and transmission electron microscope images were used to approximate the fraction of intercellular airspace and cell wall thickness. We found that evergreens, especially late successional species, refixed a significantly higher amount of CO2 than the other species throughout the entire growing season. In addition, rm, rs and leaf mass per area, traits that typically are higher in evergreen species, were also significantly, positively correlated with Pr. We suggest that this is due to higher rm decreasing diffusion of (photo) respiratory CO2 out of the leaf. Cell wall thickness had a positive effect on Pr and rm, while the fraction of intercellular airspace had no effect. Both were significantly different between evergreen conifers and other types. Our findings suggest that species with a higher rm use a greater fraction of mitochondria-derived CO2, especially when stomatal conductance is low. This should be taken into account when modeling the overall CO2 fertilization effect for terrestrial ecosystems dominated by high rm species.

Characterization of high dense Pr:GdTaO4 crystal scintillators

Pr-doped GdTaO4 crystals with various Pr-concentrations were prepared using a floating zone furnace, and the photo- and radio-luminescence properties were evaluated. Pr:GdTaO4 exhibits photo- and radio-luminescence with several sharp emission peaks due to Pr3+. The decay time constants are in tens of μs order and monotonically decrease with dopant concentration, and the values are reasonable as that of the 4f–4f transitions of Pr3+. The pulse height distribution under 137Cs γ-ray irradiation demonstrates that the 0.5% Pr:GdTaO4 crystal shows the highest scintillation light yield of 5110 photons/MeV among the samples.

Critical role of Prandtl number on multiple steady states during natural convection in square enclosures: Analysis of heat transfer rates, flow and thermal maps

The effect of Prandtl number (Pr) on the multiplicity of the steady states (flow and temperature maps) is investigated for the natural convection of Newtonian fluids within a square enclosure involving hot bottom wall, cold side walls and adiabatic top wall. The analysis is based on the steady state governing equations, which are solved by penalty Galerkin finite element method and Newton–Raphson solution scheme. A novel perturbation technique has been developed, which is applied in conjunction with an in-house continuation scheme for the initiation of various symmetric as well as asymmetric steady states. The current computation strategy involving perturbation and continuation schemes leads to a rich bifurcation diagram in the parameter space of Pr (0.01⩽Pr⩽10) for Ra (Rayleigh number) =106. It is found that the occurrence of multiple steady states depends on Pr. Only one symmetric solution is obtained in the high–Pr regime (Pr>0.42), while a highly populated bifurcation diagram consisting of 6 symmetric branches, 18 asymmetric branches and 4 isolas is obtained in the low–Pr regime (especially for Pr≲0.05). The solution branches correspond to a wide spectrum of flow structures involving single cell, multiple cells, reverse-cells, corner-cells, horizontally stacked cells, vertically stacked cells etc., which are reported for the first time. These flow structures result in a wide range of Nusselt numbers (average heat transfer rates) at a given Pr, especially for the low–Pr fluids (such as liquid metals). The flow structures are critically analyzed in terms of the location of the flow intensification and its impact on the overall heat transfer rates. It has been shown that the overall heat transfer rates for the low–Pr fluids can be significantly enhanced (80 –100% in few cases) based on corner-cells or single cell driven flow.

Review of ferroelectric field‐effect transistors for three‐dimensional storage applications

AbstractThe ferroelectric field‐effect transistor (FeFET) is one of the leading contenders to succeed charge‐trap‐based flash memory (CTF) devices in the current vertically‐integrated NAND flash storage market. The operation of a FeFET is based on the field‐effect in the channel of the FET that is exerted by the uncompensated ferroelectric bound charge, which is also the fundamental source of the depolarization effect. This paper briefly reviews the current status of CTF‐based NAND flash memory as a benchmark for FeFET. Then, a one‐dimensional model based on a load‐line analysis of FeFET technology is presented. The paper subsequently deals with the two‐dimensional domain effect in nano‐sized NAND‐type FeFET devices. While NAND‐type FeFET operation is likely, current ferroelectric materials with high remanent polarization (Pr) of ∼10 μCcm‐2 and coercive field (Ec) of ∼1 MVcm‐1 are not feasible for use in such devices. This is fundamentally due to the high depolarization field induced by the unnecessarily high Pr, which not only destabilizes the memory state but also induces a severe interference effect between neighboring cells. Therefore, a new ferroelectric material with a moderately low Pr and higher Ec > ∼3 MVcm‐1 is necessary, along with structural innovation to minimize the interference effect.

Drag Control by Hydrogen Injection in Shocked Stagnation Zone of Blunt Nose

The main motivation of the current study is to propose a high-pressure hydrogen injection as an hybrid active flow control technique in order to manipulate the flow-field in front of a blunt nose during hypersonic flight. Hydrogen injection can lead to self-ignition under the right environment conditions in a stagnation zone, and may cause thermal heat addition through combustion and provide the counterjet effect together by pushing bow shock upstream. The axisymmetric numerical simulations for the hemispherical blunt nose are performed at a Mach 6 freestream flow with 10000 Pa pressure and 293 K temperature. The sonic and supersonic hydrogen and air injections are compared for drag reduction at the same stagnation pressure ratio PR and momentum ratio (RMA). The sonic air and hydrogen injection scenarios show similar performance in terms of drag reduction and similar SPM flow features, but hydrogen injection has a mass flow rate 3.76 times lower than air. Supersonic hydrogen injection at Mj 2.94 behaves differently than supersonic air injection and can achieve up to 60 % drag reduction at lower PR and LPM mode with lower mass flow rate. Additionally, air injection achieves a drag reduction of 40 % in SPM mode at higher PR with very high mass flow rate.

High coercivity Pr2Fe14B magnetic nanoparticles by a mechanochemical method.

Nd2Fe14B nanoparticles are widely used because of their outstanding hard magnetic properties. In fact, Pr2Fe14B has higher magneto-crystalline anisotropy than Nd2Fe14B, which makes Pr-Fe-B a promising magnetic material. However, the chemical synthesis route to Pr2Fe14B nanoparticles is challenging because of the higher reduction potential of Pr3+, as well as the complex annealing conditions. In this work, Pr2Fe14B nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via an efficient and green mechanochemical method consisting of high energy ball milling, annealing, and a washing process. Microstructural investigations revealed that the oxide precursors were uniformly wrapped by CaO and CaH2, which formed an embedded structure after ball milling. Then, Pr2Fe14B powder was synthesized via a time-saving annealing process. The impact of the Pr2O3 content and the preparation conditions was investigated. The coercivity of the as-annealed powder with 100 wt% Pr2O3 excess is 18.9 kOe. After magnetic alignment, the coercivity, remanence, and maximum energy product were: 9.8 kOe, 78.4 emu g−1, and 9.8 MGOe, respectively. The present work provides a promising strategy for preparing anisotropic Pr-Fe-B permanent magnetic materials.

Determining homologous recombination deficiency scores with whole exome sequencing and their association with responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer

Recent studies demonstrated that homologous repair deficiency (HRD) score is a useful marker for response to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors or platinum-based chemotherapy. We determined HRD scores and elucidated the clinicopathologic characteristics of HRD-high tumors and their response to non-platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary breast cancer patients (n = 120) were pre-operatively treated with paclitaxel followed by 5-fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (P-FEC). Germline and somatic homologous recombination related gene mutations (gHRRm and sHRRm, respectively) and HRD scores were analyzed using whole exome sequencing (WES) in tumor tissues obtained before chemotherapy. Of 120 tumors, 30 were determined to be HRD-high tumors, significantly associated with high Ki-67 (P = 0.014), ER negativity (P = 0.007), and PR negativity (P = 0.021). Triple-negative cancers showed significantly higher HRD scores than the luminal, luminal-HER2, and HER2 subtypes (P = 0.023, 0.016, and 0.033, respectively). HRD scores were significantly higher in tumors with gHRRm than in those with sHRRm (P = 0.002) or wild-type HRR genes (P = 1.44e-4), but no significant difference was found in HRD scores between tumors with sHRRm and wild-type HRR genes (P = 0.206). HRD-high tumors had significantly (P = 0.003) higher pCR rates and higher near-pCR rates (P = 0.049) compared with those of the HRD-low tumors in all tumors and the luminal subtype, respectively. HRD-high tumors were associated with aggressive phenotypes and gHRRm, but not sHRRm. Our findings suggested that HRD scores might be useful in predicting response to P-FEC in the luminal subtype.

Golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) as an alternative protein source in Pasupati catfish (Pangasius sp.) fish feed

Abstract. Pertiwi MP, Saputri DD. 2020. Golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) as an alternative protein source in Pasupati catfish (Pangasius sp.) fish feed. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 162-167. Research on efforts to conserve golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) meat has been done. This research aimed to utilize the snail meat as an alternative feed for the Pasupati catfish (Pangasius sp.). The research was carried out from May to August 2020. It began by collecting Pomacea canaliculata by hand sorting then processed into artificial feed/pellets. The research was CRD designed with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Pasupati catfish juvenil measuring 7.4 ± 0.8 cm and weighing 11.7 ± 0.5 g, was maintained for 21 days with a stocking density of 15 individuals/aquarium. Feeding as much as 8% of the biomass with a frequency of feeding 3 times a day at satiation. Variables measured were SGR, L, RP, FCR, and SR. The results showed that feed B produced the best fish growth and could be an alternative fish feed without having a negative effect on growth and feed utilization. Feed B (90% fish meal + 10% Pomacea canaliculata meat meal) had the highest SGR value and was supported by a high PR value and a low FCR value. In addition, there is a difference among variables, despite least significant. ANOVA test also supports the differences between treatments, but HSD test (p<0,05) is not significantly different. This means that the addition of the percentage of P. canaliculata meat meal to the feed does not provide a good performance of the Pasupati catfish. Value of abiotic parameters was ​​to support fish farming.

Risk modifiers and mortality in patients with high platelet reactivity to Adenosine-diphosphate (ADP) in the LURIC study

Abstract Background Increased platelet reactivity (PR) is an established predictor of cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality. However, therapeutic targeting of PR by tailored antiplatelet therapy (APT) failed to show significant clinical benefit. It remains unclear whether increased PR constitutes a risk-modifier that identifies patients that benefit from risk-factor adjustment. Purpose To identify risk factors that allow modification and/or elimination of increased CV and all-cause mortality in patients with altered PR. Methods ADP- and TRAP-induced PR was measured by CD62P and CD63 expression in 1780 patients who were referred for coronary angiography between 1997 and 2000 and participated in the LURIC study. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS v25.0 and R v3.6.1 Results ADP-induced PR was an excellent predictor of CV-mortality and risk-equivalent to the presence of coronary artery disease (Figure 1A). Stratification of platelet ADP-response into tertiles demonstrated that patients with high-PR (HPR) and low-PR (LPR) were at increased risk for CV-mortality when compared to the reference group (HPR: HR 1.7 [95% CI: 1.3–2.3]; LPR: HR 1.4 [95% CI: 1.0–1.8]) (Figure 1B). Multivariable-adjustment did not change the association of PR with CV-mortality. Using a relative weight analysis, we identified HbA1c and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as potential risk-modifiers. In addition, presence of APT appeared to be an exclusive risk-modifier in the HPR-group. In an multivariable-adjusted risk assessment, we verified that in the HPR group (i) treatment of PR by APT reduced CV-mortality with a HR of 0.5 (95% CI: 0.3–0.7) p=0.0004), (ii) HbA1c of >7.0% in patients with diabetes increased CV-mortality with a HR of 2.0 (95% CI: 1.2–3.2 p=0.004) and (iii) eGFR <60ml/min increased CV-mortality with a HR 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1–2.6 p=0.013). Other risk-factors including blood pressure (<140mmHg), LDL-C (<100mg/dL) and hs-CRP (<2mg/dL) did not alter the mortality risk. None of the risk-modifiers tested affected CV-mortality risk of patients in the LPR group. In the HPR group, risk modification by APT and HbA1c <7.0% in patients with diabetes independently reduced CV-mortality risk to a level that was no longer statistically different to the reference group (p>0.05). Risk modification by an eGFR >60ml/min led to a profound risk reduction in the HPR group but remained statistically different from the reference group (Figure 1C). Conclusion Here, we demonstrate that HPR and LPR are predictors for CV mortality in the LURIC study. Treatment of platelet hyperreactivity by APT, HbA1c of ≤7% in patients with diabetes and an eGFR ≥60ml/min were associated with a reduced CV-mortality in HPR patients and might constitute adjustable risk factors in this group. In addition, we were unable to identify any significant risk factors for patients with LPR underlining a high-risk patient group with insufficient therapeutic options. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Real-Time Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Healthcare via Twistable and Washable Smartsensors.

The wearable and integrated sensing platform is a promising choice for developing real-time analytic electronics with clear advantages but still poses challenges, such as the realization of high precision, low limit of detection (LOD), moderate mechanical capacity, integration, and miniaturization. In this work, a simple printed wearable smartsensor has been fabricated with the aid of electrochemical plating methods with bismuth (Bi) films. The excellent sensing behaviors, including linear relationship, selectivity, stability, repeatability, and the LOD at ppb levels, have been obtained by this smartsensor. Additionally, the highly flexible textile-based sensor exhibits potential application on the substrates of daily cloth, sports T-shirt, and sports wristbands, and it maintains good stability under repeated deformations of washing and twisting. Importantly, integrated with printed circuit board, single chip micyoco, and Bluetooth modules, a smartsensing platform is successfully acquired for real-time detection of heavy metals (e.g., Zn, Cd, Pb, etc.). Finally, actual samples of human sweat, seawater, cosmetics, and drinking water have been remotely successfully demonstrated for detection by this smartsensor, enabling a great promise for fast on-site screening of samples in practical application.

Synthesis of textured Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3–Ba0.844Ca0.156(Zr0.096Ti0.904)O3 lead-free ceramics for improving their electrical and energy storage properties

In this study, lead-free (1−x)[Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3]–x[Ba0.844Ca0.156(Zr0.096Ti0.904)O3] (BNKT–BCZT, where x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1) ceramics were produced by tape-casting method to improve their relaxor behavior along with dielectric and energy-storage-density properties. A pure perovskite phase was found for all ceramic samples, which confirms the dissolution of BCZT into the lattice structure of the BNKT, resulting in a homogeneous solid solution. With the increase in the BCZT content, the phase structure of the ceramics transformed from the rhombohedral R3c to tetragonal P4bm structure, as evidenced by the fact that a single (200)R peak splits into the (200)T/(002)T peaks. The simple phase diagram of BNKT–BCZT ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) indicates an interesting system with excellent ferroelectric and dielectric properties, and relaxation of the ferroelectric phase transition. Moreover, the experimental results demonstrated that the textured BNKT–BCZT ceramics exhibited excellent electrical and energy-storage-density properties with the following expected values at x = 0.05: maximum dielectric constant emax = 7105, high remnant polarization Pr = 16 µC/cm2, low coercive field Ec = 25 kV/cm, dielectric constant er = 1323, dielectric loss tan δ = 0.046, Lotgering factor (f) = 0.65, and energy storage density = 0.43 J/cm3 at 50 kV/cm. Thus, the ceramic material has great potential in electrical-energy-storage applications.

Abstract 4161: Integrated analysis of whole exome sequencing and hormone receptor expression data in endometrioid ovarian cancer

Abstract Endometrioid ovarian carcinomas (EnOCs) account for 10% of OC diagnoses, representing distinct biological and clinical entities compared to other OC subtypes. We recently reported two molecular subgrouping studies using >100 WT1-negative EnOCs: the first identified molecular subgroups of disease by unsupervised analysis of hormone receptor expression patterns, reporting favorable disease-specific survival (DSS) in the PR-high subgroups (PR+/ER+, PR+/ER- vs PR-/ER+, PR-/ER-). The latter study performed whole exome sequencing, identifying genomic events associated with differential DSS, including TP53 mutation (TP53m) and CTNNB1m. Here, we perform integrated analysis of these data to investigate the overlap between these molecular subgrouping layers. The PR-high subgroups demonstrated low TP53m rate (5% vs 26%, P=0.035) and frequent CTNNB1m (75% vs 26%, P<0.001), with the highest CTNNB1m rate in the PR+/ER+ subgroup (84%, 21/25). Accordingly, TP53m cases demonstrated significantly lower median histoscore (mHS) for PR (3 vs 203, P=0.028) and a trend for lower ER (mHS 66 vs 160, P=0.056), while cases with CTNNB1m demonstrated significantly higher PR and ER expression (mHS 258 vs 40, P<0.001 and 181 vs 75, P=0.002). There was no significant difference in tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability or tumor heterogeneity as defined by Mutant Allele Tumour Heterogeneity (MATH) score between the hormone-receptor-based subgroups. These groups also demonstrated no significant difference in mutation rate of mismatch repair protein-encoding genes. Multivariable analysis identified only FIGO stage at diagnosis (P=0.002), optimal surgical debulking (P=0.035) and hormone receptor subgroup (P=0.004) as independently associated with DSS. TP53m and CTNNB1m were not independently associated with DSS (P=0.187 and P=0.166), though CTNNB1m demonstrated a trend for association in a corresponding model for relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR=0.26, P=0.064). Within PR-high cases, specific genomic events were not associated with significantly differential survival. Conversely, TP53m was associated with inferior outcome specifically in PR-low cases (P=0.010 for RFS; P=0.066 for DSS). Collectively, these data represent the first depiction of the overlay and interplay between recently identified EnOC subgroups defined by WES and hormone receptor expression patterns. They demonstrate that PR-high cases frequently harbor CTNNB1m, while TP53m is rare in this context. Moreover, they suggest that PR-high cases experience favorable outcome irrespective of genomic profile, while TP53m represents an important marker of prognosis in PR-low EnOC. Moreover, given the high expression of ER and PR in the CTNNB1m population, assessment of the potential efficacy of endocrine therapy in this population may now warrant investigation. Citation Format: Robert L. Hollis, John Thomson, Barbara Stanley, Alison M. Meynert, Michael Churchman, Tzyvia Rye, C. Simon Herrington, Charlie Gourley. Integrated analysis of whole exome sequencing and hormone receptor expression data in endometrioid ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4161.

Computational Study of the Effect of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Bubbly Flows on Bulk Gas-Liquid Heat Transfer.

A numerical investigation is performed on buoyancy-driven homogeneous and heterogeneous bubbly flows to compare the bulk gas-liquid heat transfer effectiveness for Prandtl (Pr) numbers 0.2-20 and void fractions 0.3-0.5. For this purpose, transient two-fluid model simulations of bubbles rising in a stagnant pool of liquid are conducted in a rectangular box by applying periodic boundary conditions to all the sides. The temperature difference ( ) between gas and liquid phase is averaged over the rectangular box and monitored with respect to time, the heat transfer rate is studied based on the time at which the tends to zero. The results of numerical study show that at low Pr numbers, faster decay of is observed for homogeneous flow of bubbles indicating higher heat transfer rate in comparison with the heterogeneous flow of bubbles for the same void fraction. On the contrary, for high Pr numbers, higher heat transfer rate is observed in heterogeneous flow compared to the homogeneous. The comparison of heat transfer behavior between different void fractions for heterogeneous flow show that, for low Pr numbers higher heat transfer rate is achieved for void fraction 0.4 in comparison with void fraction 0.5. And for high Pr numbers, higher heat transfer is observed for void fraction 0.5 in comparison with void fraction 0.4.

Integration-Friendly, Chemically Stoichiometric BiFeO3 Films with a Piezoelectric Performance Challenging that of PZT.

As a prototype single-phase multiferroic, BiFeO3 exhibits excellent electrical, magnetic, and magnetoelectric properties, appealing to many modern technological applications. One of its overlooked merits is a high piezoelectric performance originating from its large remnant polarization (Pr) and low dielectric constant (εr). Furthermore, its high Curie temperature and large coercive field ensure good stabilities in device applications. However, to achieve close-to-intrinsic properties, a high processing temperature is usually used for the preparation of highly crystalline (epitaxial or highly oriented) BiFeO3 films. Proliferation of defects due to loss of volatile Bi2O3 in the high-temperature process and its incompatibility with CMOS-Si technologies have hindered the development of BiFeO3 film-based piezoelectric micro-electro-mechanical systems (piezo-MEMS) devices. In this work, we successfully sputter-deposited highly (100) oriented BiFeO3 thick films (∼1 μm) on Si at 350 °C through the use of a conductive perovskite buffer layer of LaNiO3. Formation of bulk and interfacial defects is suppressed by the combination of a low deposition temperature and an oxygen-rich processing atmosphere, resulting in chemically stoichiometric BiFeO3 films. These films displayed a high Pr (∼60 μC·cm-2), a low εr (∼200), and a small dielectric loss (<0.02), as well as large coercive and self-bias voltages in their as-grown and aged states. Together with a large transverse piezoelectric coefficient (e31,f ∼ -2.8 C·m-2), excellent electromechanical performances with outstanding fatigue and aging resistances are demonstrated in patterned BiFeO3-Si cantilever devices. These integration-friendly BiFeO3 films are ideal replacements of PZT films in piezo-MEMS applications.

Ring-Opening Alternating Copolymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides of Lactic Acid and Malic Acid Using Hafnium Alkoxide Initiators with Different Stereo Selectivities and Activities.

Monomer sequence controllable syntheses of copolymers, including copolyesters, remain a challenge in polymer science. Although alternating sequence-controlled copolymerization of O-carboxyanhydrides (OCAs) can be achieved via using syndioselective initiators, the alternating copolymerization of lactic acid-derived O-carboxyanhydride (LacOCA) with other monomers still suffers from a lack of highly syndioselective initiators. In this work, a highly syndioselective system for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of LacOCA was achieved using a bulky amine tris(phenolate) hafnium alkoxide initiator with a high Pr value of 0.91. However, the stereoselectivities of amine tris(phenolate) hafnium alkoxide initiators for the ROP of malic acid O-carboxyanhydride (MalOCA) change to be modestly or lowly isoselective. Interestingly, despite the different stereoselectivities of this system for the two different monomers, the high syndioselectivity of the initiator for the ROP of LacOCA and the low activity of MalOCA in the ROP allow comparatively high rates of cross-propagation; consequently, the ring-opening alternating copolymerization (ROAP) of LacOCA and MalOCA was achieved successfully.