Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel, nonthermal, cardiac tissue selective ablation modality. To date, radiofrequency (RF) guided high-power-short-duration (HPSD) ablation represents the gold standard besides cryo-ablation for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). This single-center, retrospective study investigated the efficacy of PFA-PVI versus HPSD-RF PVI in terms of single-procedure arrhythmia-free outcome and safety in a real-world setting. Consecutive, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who underwent PVI using PFA or HPSD-RF were enrolled. In group PFA, PVI was performed using a pentaspline PFA catheter. The ablation procedure in group HPSD-RF was performed with RF-energy (45 watts, Ablation Index). A total of 410 patients (group PFA:201; group HPSD-RF:209) were included. There was no difference between both groups regarding age, gender and CHA2DS2-VASc-Score. Procedure time was significantly shorter in group PFA (61[44-103]min vs. 125[105-143]min; p<0.001); fluoroscopy time and dose area product were significantly higher in group PFA (16[13-20]min vs. 4[2-5]min; p<0.01 and 412[270-739]μGym2 vs. 129[58-265]μGym2; p<0.01). Overall complication rates were 2.9% in group PFA and 6.2% in group HPSD (p=0.158). There was one fatal stroke in the PFA group. The 1-year Kaplan-Meier estimated freedom from any atrial tachyarrhythmia was 85% with PFA, and 79% with HPSD-RF (log-rank p=0.160). In 56 repeat ablation procedures, PV reconnection rate was 30% after PFA and 38% after HPSD-RF (p=0.372). PFA and HPSD-RF were both highly efficient and effective in achieving PVI in paroxysmal AF patients. The arrhythmia-free survival is comparable. PV reconnection rate was not different.