High Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio Research Articles

Association of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with outcomes in stroke patients achieving successful recanalization by endovascular thrombectomy.

Serum inflammatory biomarkers play crucial roles in the development of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In this study, we explored the association between inflammatory biomarkers including platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and clinical outcomes in AIS patients who achieved successful recanalization. Patients with AIS who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and achieved a modified thrombolysis in the cerebral infarction scale of 2b or 3 were screened from a prospective cohort at our institution between January 2013 and June 2021. Data on blood parameters and other baseline characteristics were collected. The functional outcome was an unfavorable outcome defined by a modified Rankin Scale of 3-6 at the 3-month follow up. Other clinical outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and 3-month mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of PLR, NLR, and MLR on clinical outcomes. A total of 796 patients were enrolled, of which 89 (11.2%) developed sICH, 465 (58.4%) had unfavorable outcomes at 3 months, and 168 (12.1%) died at the 3-month follow up. After adjusting for confounding variables, a higher NLR (OR, 1.076; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.037-1.117; p < 0.001) and PLR (OR, 1.001; 95%CI, 1.000-1.003; p = 0.045) were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of NLR and PLR was 0.622 and 0.564, respectively. However, NLR, PLR, and MLR were not independently associated with sICH and 3-month mortality (all adjusted p > 0.05). Overall, our results indicate that higher PLR and NLR were independently associated with unfavorable functional outcomes in AIS patients with successful recanalization after EVT; however, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated.

Prognostic value of inflammatory and nutritional indexes among advanced NSCLC patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor therapy.

Though immunotherapy has to some extent improved the prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a few patients benefit. Furthermore, immunotherapy efficacy is affected by inflammatory and nutritional status of patients. To investigate whether dynamics of inflammatory and nutritional indexes were associated with prognosis, 223 patients were analysed retrospectively. The inflammatory indexes of interest were neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) while prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the haemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) score were considered as nutritional indexes. Patients were divided into high and low groups or into 'increase' and 'decrease' groups based on pre-treatment cut-off values and index dynamics after 6-week follow-up respectively. High pre-treatment PLR (OR=2.612) and increase in NLR during follow-up (OR=2.516) were significantly associated with lower objective response rates. Using multivariable analysis, high pre-treatment PLR (HR, 2.319) and increase in SII (HR, 1.731) predicted shorter progression-free survival, while high pre-treatment NLR (HR, 1.635), increase in NLR (HR, 1.663) and PLR (HR, 1.691) and decrease in PNI (HR, 0.611) predicted worse overall survival. The nomogram's C-index in inside validation was 0.718 (95% CI: 0.670-0.766). Our results indicated both nutritional and inflammatory indexes are associated with survival outcomes. Inflammatory indexes were additionally linked to treatment response. Index dynamics are better predictors than baseline values in predicting survival in advanced NSCLC patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy as first-line.

Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been extensively studied in a variety of diseases. However, research on their relationship with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between these two indicators and renal function in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and assess whether they can serve as predictors of DKD. This cross-sectional study enrolled 655 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). The differences in the NLR and PLR among the groups and their correlation with renal function were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors for DKD, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive values of the NLR and PLR for the disease. The NLR and PLR were significantly different among the three groups, and they increased with increasing levels of albuminuria. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the NLR and PLR were positively correlated with the UACR but negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that these two indicators were independent risk factors for DKD (p<0.001). The results of ROC curve analysis suggested that the NLR (AUC=0.794; 95% CI, 0.760-0.827; p<0.001) and PLR (AUC=0.665; 95% CI, 0.623-0.706, p<0.001) had important diagnostic value for DKD. The NLR and PLR were closely associated with renal function among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, and high NLR and PLR values may serve as predictors of DKD.

Defining the impact of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on patient survival with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm: a retrospective cohort analysis

BackgroundGastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (g-NEN) is a rare but heterogeneous neoplasm, with an increasing incidence yearly. Conventional prognostic markers of g-NEN remain limited which could only be detected after surgery. There is an urgent need to explore new prognostic markers for g-NEN patients. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte, ratio (PLR) and the association between PLR and body mass index (BMI) in patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (g-NEN).MethodsA retrospective cohort of patients with g-NEN from January 2001 through June 2016 was examined. The prognostic significance of PLR was determined by multiple regression analysis in different models. Stratified analysis was performed to examine the prognostic value of PLR at different BMI levels.ResultsIn total, 238 patients were enrolled. Those with higher PLRs tended to undergo open surgery, had larger tumor sizes, were diagnosed more frequently with neuroendocrine carcinoma, and had higher tumor grades. PLR was significantly associated with the survival of patients with g-NEN. With PLR increased per standard deviation, the all-cause mortality risk of patients with g-NEN increased by 67%, 63%, and 54% in the crude (HR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.32–2.12, P < 0.001), minimally adjusted (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.28–2.08, P < 0.001), and fully adjusted (HR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.202–1.98, P = 0.001) models, respectively. Patients with higher PLR (quartile 4, ≥ 187) had a 1.8-fold increase in all-cause mortality risk compared with those with lower PLR (quartile 1–3, < 187). Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between BMI subgroups and PLR in predicting the survival of patients with g-NEN (PLR regarded as a continuous variable: all P for interaction < 0.05 in the crude, minimally adjusted, and fully adjusted models; PLR regarded as a categorical variable: P for interaction < 0.05 in the fully adjusted model). Patients with g-NEN with the characteristics of higher PLR (quartile 4, ≥ 187) and non-obesity (BMI < 25 kg/m2) had worse survival than others (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe inflammation marker PLR has an independent prognostic value for patients with g-NENs, and high PLR combined with non-obesity increases the mortality risk of these patients.

Pre-transplant platelet-to- lymphocyte ratio predicts outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

For many patients with hematological malignancies such as acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allogeneic HSCT) is the only curative treatment option. Despite the curative potential of this treatment many patients experience relapse of their underlying disease or die due to multiple complications e.g. infections. Risk scores could help to assess the individual prognosis and guide patients and treating physicians to choose between different treatment options. Parameters reflecting the inflammatory status, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have been demonstrated to be associated with prognosis and treatment complications in patients with various cancers. In this study, we evaluate pre-HSCT NLR, MLR and PLR as predictive markers in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT. We demonstrate that a high (> 133) PLR level is associated with better clinical outcome. Patients with high pre-HSCT PLR show a significant better overall survival (p = 0.001), less relapses (p = 0.016), lower non-relapse-mortality (p = 0.022), less transfusions of red blood cells, platelets and fresh frozen plasma (p = 0.000), fewer episodes of fever (p = 0.002), considerably less different antibiotics (p = 0.005), fewer intensive care unit treatment (p = 0.017) and a lower in-hospital mortality (p = 0.024). Pre-HSCT PLR is easy to calculate by daily routine and could help to predict patient outcome after allogeneic HSCT.

Abnormal peripheral blood cell counts in neurofibromatosis type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by neurofibromas with infiltration of mast cells. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and basophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (BLR) are examined as markers for various diseases. However, these parameters have not yet been assessed for NF1. This study therefore examined these parameters in NF1 patients. We recruited 153 NF patients (78 males, 75 females) and 51 control patients (31 males, 20 females). Complete blood counts were performed, then NLR, LMR, PLR and BLR were calculated. Neutrophil count was significantly higher in male NF1 patients than in male controls. Lymphocyte count was significantly lower in NF1 patients than in controls for both sexes. Monocyte count was significantly higher in male NF1 patients than in male controls. Basophil count was significantly higher in male NF1 patients than in male controls. NLR, PLR and BLR were significantly higher in NF1 patients than in controls for both sexes. LMR was significantly lower in NF1 patients than in controls for both sexes. NF1 shows high NLR, PLR and BLR and low lymphocyte count and LMR.

Prognostic value of preoperative systemic inflammatory response as a prognostic indicator in patients with early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.

To determine the usefulness of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and inflammatory response biomarker (IRB) score for predicting disease-specific survival and delayed cervical lymph node metastasis in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We retrospectively analyzed 72 patients with early-stage OSCC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the cutoff values for LMR, NLR, and PLR. IRB score was determined as follows: high LMR, high NLR, and low PLR, which were each rated as 1. These scores were added to obtain IRB score (range: 0-3). From univariate analysis, gender, poor mode of invasion, and high IRB score were identified as significant risk factors for disease-specific survival. However, there were no independent factors for poor prognosis in multivariate analysis. On the other hand, for delayed cervical lymph node metastasis, poor mode of invasion, low LMR, high NLR, high PLR, and high IRB score were identified as significant risk factors from univariate analysis, and in multivariate analysis, poor mode of invasion and high IRB score were confirmed as independent risk factors. IRB score and mode of invasion are potentially independent risk factors for delayed cervical lymph node metastasis in early-stage OSCC.

Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with tumoral differentiation in colorectal cancer

IntroductionColorectal cancer is a global health issue associated with high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to determine the relationship between simple blood biomarkers namely neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) reflecting inflammatory status with histopathologic variables in CRC. MethodsThe collected data in 64 patients with diagnosis of colorectal cancer operated between 2014 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship of the NLR and PLR with histopathologic features was evaluated. ResultsIn this study, the patients evaluated for histopathologic characteristics, tumoral differentiation were mild (36 %), moderate (31 %) and poor (33 %). High NLR and PLR were significantly associated with poor tumor differentiation (ƿ = 0.01 and ƿ = 0.02 respectively). ConclusionOur findings indicate a significant relationship between these two inflammatory indices and poor tumor differentiation, but no association was found with other pathological variables. These inflammatory markers can be introduced as useful biomarkers and contribute to a more accurate classification of CRC patients.

Preoperative peripheral blood inflammatory markers especially the fibrinogen-to-lymphocyte ratio and novel FLR-N score predict the prognosis of patients with early-stage resectable extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Systemic inflammation is important in the development of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC). The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic power of preoperative peripheral blood inflammatory markers and the novel FLR-N score in patients with resectable ECC. A total of 140 patients with resectable ECC and 140 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for the study. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in inflammatory markers between groups. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic power of preoperative fibrinogen, albumin, prealbumin, bilirubin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, fibrinogen-to-lymphocyte ratio (FLR), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), fibrinogen-to-prealbumin ratio (FPR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), FLR-neutrophil (FLR-N) score, and CA19-9 in patients with resectable ECC. Nomogram was developed based on the results of multivariate Cox analyses. Patients with resectable ECC had significantly higher levels of neutrophils, monocytes, fibrinogen, FLR, FAR, FPR, NLR, PLR, and MLR and lower levels of lymphocytes, albumin, and prealbumin than HCs (all P < 0.01). Albumin, prealbumin, and FPR had a good ability to distinguish between ECC patients with total bilirubin < 34 µmol/L and HCs (AUCs of 0.820, 0.827, and 0.836, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high neutrophil, fibrinogen, FLR, FAR, PLR, MLR, and FLR-N score values were associated with poor survival in patients with resectable ECC. Multivariate analyses indicated that neutrophils (P = 0.022), FLR (P = 0.040), FLR-N score (P < 0.0001), and positive lymph node metastasis (P = 0.016) were independent factors for overall survival (OS). Nomogram were developed to predict OS for patients with ECC. The prognostic roles of inflammatory markers in patients with resectable ECC were different. The preoperative neutrophil count, FLR and FLR-N score could serve as noninvasive markers for predicting the prognosis of resectable ECC.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Factors in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Introduction: The standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with fluoropyrimidines. There are different biomarkers used as prognostic factors in these tumors. Some studies advocate the use of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as prognostic factors in this clinical scenario. The aim of the study was to evaluate NLR and PLR as prognostic factors of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and as predictive factors of pathologic complete response (pCR) using Ryan tumor regression scoring system on surgical specimens, in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma who received nCRT and radical surgery. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (T3-T4, N1-N3, M0 according to the TNM classification, AJCC 8th edition) who received nCRT based on fluoropyrimidines and radical surgery. Complete blood cell count before nCRT was obtained to calculate NLR and PLR. We made subgroups of patients according to NLR and PLR. We obtained the cut-off point for these ratios based on receiver operating characteristic analysis. We analyzed OS and DFS using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models. The relationships between NLR/PLR and pCR, along with other clinical-pathological characteristics, were evaluated by Pearson’s χ² or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Results: Between February 2012 and February 2017, 100 consecutive patients were treated according to the reported schedules. Median age was 76 years (68–83). All patients received radiotherapy up to 50.4 Gy and 5-FU-based chemotherapy. 100% completed nCRT and surgery, 38% had elevated basal NLR (cut-off >1.95), and 50% had elevated basal PLR (cut-off >133). After a median follow-up of 72 months (55–88), a lower DFS was obtained in the high NLR subgroup (log-rank, Mantel-Cox 5.165, p = 0.023) and in the high PLR subgroup (log-rank, Mantel-Cox 13.971, p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that PLR (p = 0.006) was a strong significant predictor of DFS. A lower OS was observed in the high NLR and PLR subgroup without significant differences (log-rank, Mantel-Cox 1.245, p = 0.265; 0.578, p = 0.447). No significant differences were obtained in any of the subgroup analysis regarding pCR rates. Conclusion: In light of our results, both NLR and PLR could be considered prognostic factors for DFS in patients with LARC that receive treatment with nCRT followed by surgery.

Inflammation-related parameter serve as prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to explore the predictive role of inflammation-related parameters in prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 370 ESCC patients subjected to curative surgery were enrolled. All patients had complete medical records and did not receive preoperative adjuvant therapy. Preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was calculated as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count, prognostic nutrition index (PNI) as albumin concentration (g/L) + 5 × total lymphocyte count (109/L), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) as neutrophil count × monocyte count/lymphocyte count. The optimal cut-off values of preoperative SII, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), PNI, and SIRI were determined via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and their correlations with clinical parameters and survival analyzed. NLR was associated with gender (P = 0.022), and PLR (P = 0.037), PNI (P = 0.017) was associated with survival status, LMR was related with gender (P = 0.034) and survival status (P = 0.01), SIRI was correlated with gender (P = 0.000), smoking history (P = 0.000) and drinking history (P = 0.004). Survival analysis indicated that high PLR (P = 0.042), low LMR (P = 0.001), and low PNI (P = 0.007) were predictive of poor prognosis of ESCC. Stratified analysis revealed the prognostic predictor roles of distinct markers in different ESCC subgroups. SII and SIRI were predominantly correlated with the clinical outcome in the lymphatic metastasis subgroup. Further univariate analysis disclosed that T stage, smoking history, lymphatic metastasis, TNM staging, PLR, LMR, and PNI potentially serve as influencing factors(P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified T stage (HR = 1.781, P = 0.002), TNM staging (HR = 8.617, P = 0.001) and LMR (HR = 0.504, P = 0.001) as independent predictors for outcomes of ESCC. Low LMR could serve as an independent marker of poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Inflammation-related markers have distinct predictive roles in ESCC subgroups with different features.

The Predictive Value of Systemic Inflammatory Factors in Advanced, Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Camrelizumab.

ObjectiveSystemic inflammatory factors are independent risk factors in the formation and progression of various solid tumors. However, whether systemic inflammatory factors are associated with effect and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with immunotherapy remains unknown. The aim of this study is to assess the value of systemic inflammatory factors in the efficacy of camrelizumab for patients with advanced, metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 90 patients with advanced, metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received treatment with camrelizumab in Xinghua People’s Hospital between August 2019 and October 2021. The optimal cut-off values of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for predicting efficacy and prognosis were identified based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences in PFS or OS between groups were compared by the Log rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to analyze prognostic values of each variable.ResultsThe optimal cutoff values of PLR, NLR and SII predicted survival outcomes were 157.7, 3.84 and 750.8, respectively. Higher PLR, NLR and SII were associated with shorter PFS (HR for PLR = 2.899, P = 0.001; HR for NLR = 3.629, P < 0.001; HR for SII = 10.251, P < 0.001) and OS (HR for PLR = 4.583, P < 0.001; HR for NLR = 3.921, P < 0.001; HR for SII = 38.606, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high PLR, NLR and SII were independent risk factors of PFS and OS in the advanced, metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving camrelizumab.ConclusionPLR, NLR and SII are potentially effective prognostic predictors in advanced, metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with camrelizumab.

Preoperative serum inflammation-based scores in medullary thyroid cancer

IntroductionNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are prognostic factors in several tumours, though little is known in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between preoperative NLR, PLR and SII with MTC clinicopathological and molecular features, and their predictive value for lymph node and distant metastasis. MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 75 patients with MTC who underwent surgery at our institution. The familial form of MTC was found in 12% of patients. ResultsIn our cohort, 56% were females, the median age at diagnosis was 57 years (44–69), the median tumour diameter was 25mm (15–50); 21.3% were multifocal and 34.7% had extrathyroidal extension. Lymph node and distant metastasis were observed in 36 (48.0%) and 8 (10.7%) patients, respectively. Higher NLR was associated with preoperative calcitonin, angioinvasion, extrathyroidal extension, moderate/severe fibrosis; higher PLR was associated with extrathyroidal extension and advanced T stages; lower SII and NLR were associated with biochemical cure after surgery. Increased PLR, NLR and SII were associated with advanced MTC stages. In the univariate analysis, only NLR was associated with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio (OR)=2.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50–5.84; p=0.004); however, in the multivariate model, NLR was no longer a predictive factor for lymph node metastasis. None of these serum inflammatory markers predicted the occurrence of distant metastasis. ConclusionIn conclusion, NLR, PLR and SII are associated with aggressive MTC, but do not predict lymph node or distant metastasis.

S20 Prognostic Value of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Introduction: Several studies have shown the role of inflammatory markers, especially the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as indicators of poor prognosis in various gastrointestinal malignancies. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of NLR, among other markers, and their relationship with the presence of baseline distant metastasis in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 355 patients with pancreatic cancer treated at a tertiary cancer center from 2013 to 2018. We examined the relationship between absolute eosinophilic count (AEC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute monocytic count (AMC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), NLR, and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with the presence distant metastases, and overall survival (OS). We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to test the association between the variables and the presence of baseline distant metastases. Results: The median age was 60 years, and males comprised 59% of the patients. The ROC value of 3.3 was determined as the cutoff value for NLR. High NLR (NLR >3.3 µL) was significantly associated with the presence of distant metastasis at diagnosis (P-value < 0.0001, Odds Ratio (OR): 1.7, CI: 2.6–4.0). High baseline ANC (≥5500/μL), high AMC (≥600/μL), and high MLR (≥0.3) were also associated with baseline distant metastases (P-value: 0.02, 0.001, and <0.0001 respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that high NLR (P-value, 0.0003, OR 2.5 95% CI 1.5–4.1) was an independent risk factor for distant metastasis at presentation. High ANC, NLR, MLR, and PLR and low ALC were associated with poor OS (P-value: <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.04, and 0.01, respectively) (Figure 1). Conclusion: High systemic inflammatory markers are associated with poor prognosis (the presence of distant metastasis) and poor OS in patients with pancreatic cancer. Simple laboratory tests such as complete blood counts can be used as markers of poor prognosis and poor OS in patients with pancreatic cancer (Table 1). Table 1. - The association between systemic inflammatory markers with the presence of distant metastases Baseline distant metastases Present Absent p- value Odds Ratio 95% Confidence Interval ANC≥5500 113 (64%) 63 (36%) 0.024 1.65 (1.0-2.5) ANC< 5500 92 (52%) 85 (48%) ALC≥1680 99 (57%) 75 (43%) 0.65 0.9 (0.6-1.4) ALC< 1680 106 (59%) 73 (41%) AMC≥ 600 117 (66%) 59 (34%) 0.001 2.0 (1.3-3.0) AMC< 600 88 (50%) 89 (50%) AEC≥ 143 83 (62%) 51 (38%) 0.38 1.2 (0.7-2.0) AEC< 143 76(57%) 58 (43%) NLR≥3.3 126 (69%) 56 (31%) < .0001 2.6 (1.7-4.0) NLR< 3.3 79 (46%) 92 (54%) MLR≥0.3 130 (68%) 62 (32%) < .0001 2.4 (1.5-3.7) MLR< 0.3 75 (46%) 86 (54%) PLR≥0.15 108 (61%) 68 (39%) 0.2 1.3 (0.85-2.0) PLR< 0.15 97 (55%) 80 (45%) Figure 1.: Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival with NLRFigure 2.: Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival with ANCFigure 3.: Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival with ALC

S1604 Prognostic Value of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Gastric MALT Lymphoma

Introduction: Several studies have shown the role of inflammatory markers, especially the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), as indicators of poor prognosis in various gastrointestinal malignancies. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of NLR, among other markers, and their relationship with the presence of baseline distant metastasis in patients with MALT Lymphoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 139 patients with Gastric MALT Lymphoma treated at a tertiary care cancer center from 2012 to 2018. We examined the relationship between absolute eosinophilic count (AEC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute monocytic count (AMC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), NLR, and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with the presence distant metastases, and overall survival (OS). We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to test the association between the variables and the presence of baseline distant metastases. Results: The median age was 55 years, and males comprised 67.6% of the patients. The ROC value of 3.4 was determined as the cutoff value for NLR. High NLR (NLR > 3.4 µL) was significantly associated with the presence of distant metastasis at diagnosis (P-value, 0.02, Odds Ratio (OR): 2.4, CI: 1.14- 5.10). High ALC ( >1819) was also associated with the presence of baseline distant metastasis (P-value, 0.04, OR: 0.46, CI: 0.22- 0.98). Multivariable analysis showed that high NLR (P-value, 0.02, OR 2.4 95% CI 1.1-5.1) was an independent risk factor for distant metastasis at presentation (Figure). High ANC, NLR, and PLR, were associated with poor OS, (P-value, 0.027, 0.016, and 0.011 respectively). Conclusion: High systemic inflammatory markers are associated with poor prognosis (the presence of distant metastasis) and poor OS in patients with Gastric MALT Lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the association between these inflammatory markers and the presence of distant metastases in MALT Lymphoma. Whether these markers could predict the response to treatment is unknown (Table).Figure 1.: (Top)Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival of patients with ANC (Middle). Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival of patients with NLR (Bottom). Kaplan Meier curve for overall survival of patients with PLR Table 1. - The association between systemic inflammatory markers and overall survival Parameter Median OS P-value Hazard Ratio 95% Confidence Interval ANC >5100 6.4 months 0.027 1.5 1.04–2.1 ANC≤5100 10.9 months ALC >1819 7.6 months 0.19 0.80 0.55–1.1 ALC≤1819 6.7 months AMC > 603 6.3 months 0.66 1.1 0.76–1.6 AMC≤ 603 7.8 months NLR > 2.75 6.2 months 0.016 1.5 1.1–2.2 NLR ≤ 2.75 12.2 months MLR >0.32 6.3 months 0.36 1.2 0.83–1.7 MLR≤0.32 10.5 months PLR >0.16 6.2 months 0.011 1.6 1.1–2.3 PLR≤0.16 10.9 months

Relationship between PLR and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Its Predictive Value for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Prognosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between blood platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluate the value of PLR for predicting the efficacy of chemotherapy and prognosis. Methods The clinical data of 175 patients with advanced NSCLC diagnosed from March 2017 to December 2018 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the data of 175 healthy subjects from our hospital physical examinations were included. The platelet was detected by using a blood cell analyzer to calculate PLR. According to the average PLR value (197) before chemotherapy, 175 patients were divided into the low PLR group (=78) and the high PLR group (=97). The relationship between the expression levels of PLR and clinicopathologic features was analyzed, and the Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used to analyze the relationship between the expression levels of PLR and prognosis. Results The results showed that prechemotherapy PLR levels were significantly higher in NSCLC compared with the healthy subjects (P < 0.05). After 4 cycles of chemotherapy, the PLR levels were significantly lower than those during prechemotherapy (P < 0.05). The proportion of TNM (IV) stage cases in the low PLR group was lower than that in the high PLR group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of the first-line chemotherapy was 46.9% (82/175). The effective rate of IIIb staging was higher than that in IV staging (P < 0.05), and the effective rate of the low PLR group was higher than that in the high PLR group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that TNM stage 4 and high PLR level were the independent risk factors for the efficacy of the first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC (P < 0.05), and the high PLR level was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with the low PLR group was 20.8 months, higher than the 12.0 months of patients with the high PLR group (P < 0.05). Conclusion PLR might have a certain clinical significance for predicting the TNM staging of NSCLC and can provide important diagnostic and prognostic results for patients.

Factors independently associated with prognosis in patients operated for pancreatic cancer: Assessing the role of various parameters including red cell distribution width, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio

Objective: We aimed to assess whether, among other parameters, preoperative red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values were associated with prognosis in patients operated for pancreatic cancer (PC).&#x0D; Material and Method: This retrospective cohort was conducted from February 1, 2016 to February 1, 2021 at the general surgery department of a university hospital in Turkey. A total of 75 patients histologically diagnosed with PC who had undergone surgery were included in the study. &#x0D; Results: The PLR values of patients with poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumors were found to be higher than those with moderately and highly differentiated tumors. Also, there was a significant relationship between PLR values and the length of hospital stay. PLR values increased as the length of hospital stay increased. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between CA 19-9 levels and NLR and PLR. High total bilirubin level was related with increased risk of death, while adjuvant chemotherapy recipients had 4.049-fold lower risk of death than those without adjuvant chemotherapy.&#x0D; Conclusion: Our results indicate that preoperative NLR, PLR and RDW cannot be used as prognostic indicators of mortality in patients with operated PC, but high PLR appears to be associated with lower level of tumor differentiation and prolonged hospital stay. We also found that high total bilirubin was a poor prognostic factor, while adjuvant chemotherapy was a good prognostic factor. Further multicenter, prospective studies with larger sample sizes will help to verify these results.

Preoperative inflammatory markers as prognostic predictors after hepatocellular carcinoma resection: data from a western referral center

BackgroundRecent studies from eastern centers have demonstrate an association between inflammatory response and long-term outcomes after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection. However, the prognostic impact of inflammatory markers in western patients, with distinct tumor and epidemiologic features, is still unknown.AimTo evaluate the prognostic impact of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), as well as their impact according to tumor size (< 5 cm, 5–10 cm, > 10 cm) in patients undergoing HCC resection with curative intent.MethodsOptimal cut-off values for NLR, PLR, and MLR were determined by plotting the receiver operator curves. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) curves were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The Cox method was used to identify independent predictors of OS and DFS.ResultsIn total, 161 consecutive adult patients were included. A high NLR (> 1.715) was associated with worse OS (P = 0.018). High NLR (> 2.475; P = 0.047) and PLR (> 100.25; P = 0.028) were predictors of short DFS. In HCC < 5 cm, MLR (> 1.715) was associated with worse OS (P = 0.047). In the multivariate analysis, high PLR was an independent predictor of worse DFS [hazard ratio (HR) 3.029; 95%CI 1.499–6.121; P = 0.002].ConclusionInflammatory markers are useful tools to predict long-term outcomes after liver resection in western patients, high NLR was able to stratify subgroups of patients with short OS and DFS, an increased PLR was an independent predictor of short DFS, while high MLR was associated with short OS in patients with early HCC.

Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) Is Not a Predicting Marker of Severity but of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

(1) Introduction: In the present study, we investigate the prognostic value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as a marker of severity and mortality in COVID-19 infection. (2) Methods: Between 1 March and 30 April 2020, we conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients with moderate to severe coronavirus 19 (COVID-19), all of whom were hospitalized after being admitted to the emergency department (ED). (3) Results: A total of 1035 patients were included in our study. Neither lymphocytes, platelets or PLR were associated with disease severity. Lymphocyte count was significantly lower and PLR values were significantly higher in the group of patients who died, and both were associated with mortality in the univariate analysis (OR: 0.524, 95% CI: (0.336–0.815), p = 0.004) and (OR: 1.001, 95% CI: (1.000–1.001), p = 0.042), respectively. However, the only biological parameter significantly associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis was platelet count (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: (0.996–1.000), p = 0.027). The best PLR value for predicting mortality in COVID-19 was 356.6 (OR: 3.793, 95% CI: (1.946–7.394), p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: A high PLR value is however associated with excess mortality.

962 Prognostic Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) for Small Renal Cell Carcinomas (RCC) After Image-Guided Cryoablation or Radio-Frequency Ablation (RFA)

Abstract Aim This is the first study investigating the relationship between NLR or PLR and outcomes of percutaneous cryoablation or RFA for small RCCs with long-term outcomes. Method All patients undergoing cryoablation or RFA for small RCCs (&amp;lt;7cm) from 2003–2016 at a regional centre for RCC were included. Optimal cut-offs for NLR/PLR were determined using the ROC curve and AUC using the Youden method. Outcomes were compared using Cox or logistic regression. Results 203 patients (Cryoablation:103, RFA:100) were included. Median follow-up was 75 months and 98 months, respectively. Using the Youden method, high post-operative NLR values were associated with worsened local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (NLR &amp;gt;5.38; HR: 5.13, p=0.037) and worsened Overall Survival (OS) (NLR &amp;gt;6.42; HR: 3.40, p&amp;lt;0.001) in all patients. High post-operative PLR values were associated with worsened OS in all patients (PLR &amp;gt;192; HR: 2.31, p=0.006) and RFA patients alone (n=100; PLR &amp;gt;260; HR: 8.27, p&amp;lt;0.001). Using continuous Cox regression model, greater changes in peri operative NLR were associated with worsened LRFS in cryoablation alone and all patients (Continous; HR: 1.09, p=0.028). Higher post-operative NLR was also associated with worsened LRFS in cryoablation patients alone (HR: 1.10, p=0.046). Post-operative NLR (HR:1.17, p=0.002), change in peri-operative NLR (HR:1.19, p=0.001), and change in peri-operative PLR (HR:1.20, p=0.009) were all associated with worsened CSS in all patients. Pre-operative PLR and NLR were not associated with complications and change in renal function. Conclusion NLR and PLR are valuable prognostic factors for this group of patients and should be used to guide subsequent follow-up and monitoring of recurrence.