High-performance Alloys Research Articles

The study on interaction mechanisms between Ti48Al2Cr2Nb alloy and Y2O3 ceramic crucibles with good thermal shock resistance: Assessing a novel, cost-effective approach to the preparation of high-performance TiAl alloys

Enhancing the thermal shock resistance of Y2O3 ceramic crucibles, coupled with advancements in melting and casting technologies to reduce the adverse influence of interfacial reactions, is essential for producing low-energy consumption, high-quality titanium-aluminum (TiAl) alloys. In this study, the Y2O3 ceramic crucible with good thermal shock resistance was developed through the optimization of particle size distribution and sintering holding time. The interaction mechanisms between Y2O3 ceramics and TiAl alloys under extreme conditions were investigated, and strategies for enhancing the mechanical properties of TiAl alloys through the integration of Y2O3 crucibles with centrifugal casting were discussed. The results indicated that introducing large particles of 1–3 mm under sintering conditions of 2023 K and 6 h effectively enhances the thermal shock resistance of Y2O3 crucible. The interaction between Y2O3 and TiAl alloys primarily involved physical erosion (spalling/dispersion), dissolution of separated particles, and surface modification of interface layer particles (reaction). Physical erosion played an important role in this dynamic interaction, with the extent of erosion intensifying through continuous use of the crucible, while electromagnetic forces ensured the uniform distribution of inclusions within the TiAl alloy matrix. Moreover, the application of centrifugal casting technology substantially refines the grain size and reduces the inclusion count, thereby significantly enhancing the mechanical properties of TiAl alloy.

Application and performance analysis of advanced materials in engine lightweight

This paper discusses the application and performance analysis of advanced materials in engine lightening. Firstly, we analyze the properties of high performance aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and composite materials, including their composition, mechanical properties and high temperature resistance. Then, the practical application effects of these materials in key components such as automobile and aero-engine are analyzed through concrete cases. For example, the introduction of micronutrient and improvements in heat treatment processes have significantly increased the strength and corrosion resistance of high-performance aluminium alloys. Titanium alloy is widely used in the key parts of aero-engine because of its high strength and light weight, which greatly improves the performance of engine. The low density and high strength of the composite make it an ideal choice for reducing engine weight. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future directions, and explore solutions to reduce costs, improve processing efficiency and develop new alloys, in order to provide guidance and reference for the further development of engine lightweight technology.

Fully equiaxed grain structure and isotropic mechanical properties in wire arc additive manufactured Mg–Al-RE alloy

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of Mg–Al-RE alloy is an essential technology for producing high-quality large-scale components with high manufacturing flexibility. In this study, WAAM was utilized to fabricate a thin-wall component made of Mg-8.2Al-0.6Y-0.4Ce (AE81) alloy. The microstructure and tensile properties of the fabricated component were investigated. The results showed that the as-built AE81 alloy exhibits superior isotropic tensile strengths and a homogeneous equiaxed α-Mg grains structure. Additionally, the alloy demonstrated a minimal growth in grain size after high-temperature solid solution treatment due to the presence of thermally stable Al11/rare earth (RE)3 phases at grain boundaries. Further ageing treatment induces the formation of high-density of β-Mg17Al12 precipitates within the α-Mg grains, resulting in a considerable precipitation strengthening effect. Consequently, the heat-treated AE81 alloy demonstrated significantly enhanced tensile strength of 280 MPa and acceptable ductility of 4.6%. The results also revealed that the formation of equiaxed grains during WAAM contributed to the isotropic mechanical properties. These findings can facilitate advancements in AM processes and the development of high-performance Mg alloys.

Welding Heat-induced Microstructural Variations in Inconel 718 Superalloy: A Comparative Investigation between Conventionally Manufactured and 3D Printed Materials

This study focuses on the microstructural evolution of Inconel 718 superalloy, a precipitation-hardened superalloy, subjected to various manufacturing processes and subsequent thermal exposures. Conventional manufacturing methods such as casting and forging were compared with modern 3D printing techniques, notably wire-arc additive manufacturing. Subsequent treatments, including solution treatment and two-stage aging, as well as bead-on-plate welding, were performed to assess their effects on the microstructure of Inconel 718. The transformations of strengthening phases such as γ′(Ni3(Al,Ti)), γ″(Ni3Nb) and intermetallic δ(Ni3Nb) phases were observed to vary significantly under different thermal cycles, and these variations in phase transformation are anticipated to lead to a degradation in mechanical performance post-welding. Additionally, thermodynamic calculations using commercial Calphad software were utilized to investigate phase transformations in the welds, providing critical insights into how manufacturing processes and thermal exposures affect the stability and distribution of microstructural features, thereby highlighting the complexities of phase dynamics in this high-performance alloy.

Role of Al content on tensile properties and stretch formability of Mg–Al–Mn alloy sheet produced by continuous hot-rolling

Continuous rolling is a novel cost-effective process to fabricate high-performance Mg alloy sheets with good room-temperature formability, and we investigated the effect of Al content on tensile properties and room-temperature formability of a recently designed Mg–Al–Mn alloy sheet. An excellent combination of tensile 0.2 % proof stress (TPS) and limiting dome height (LDH) was achieved by adding the moderate content of Al (2 % or 4 %). The sheets annealed at a low temperature of 250 °C showed the TPSs of ∼170–180 MPa and LDHs of ∼8 mm. The LDHs further increased to ∼9 mm by the annealing at 350 °C, while moderate TPSs of ∼150–160 MPa were maintained. Further, the sheets had an in-plane isotropy in which the tensile properties along the rolling direction were very similar to those along the transverse direction. The good properties were achieved by fine grain structure with the reduced intensity of the (0001) poles. Indeed, the Elasto-ViscoPlastic Self-Consistent modeling revealed the increase of the activity of the prismatic slip by adding 4 % of Al, while it had a limited effect in improving the stretch formability. Further, we found that the deformation microstructure of the as-rolled sheets became uniform by the 2 % and 4 % Al addition, which would contribute to the reduced intensity of the (0001) poles after the annealing.

Hierarchically heterogeneous microstructure and mechanical properties in laser-directed energy deposition of γ-TiAl alloy through intrinsic cyclic heat treatment

The complex thermal effects of laser direct energy deposition (L-DED) provide significant advantages for production of high-performance γ-TiAl alloy, whereas challenges still exist in microstructure tailoring and mechanical properties. This work focuses on the influence of intrinsic cyclic heat treatment (ICHT) on the evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties in different building height regions of an L-DED TiAl alloy thin-wall sample. The results indicate that ICHT induces discontinuous coarsening (DC) effects by consuming the lamellar interface energy of the initial lamellae, resulting in grain refinement. With the increase in building height, the thermal accumulation leads to an increase in the initial lamellar spacing, which weakens the DC effect. At the top, insufficient thermal cycles prevent fine grain growth and erode coarse grains, hindering overall grain refinement. Ultimately, the hierarchically heterogeneous microstructure forms in the L-DED TiAl alloy, including refinement of hierarchical lamellar colony structure decorated with fine (α2+γ) lamellar structure and (α2+6H-LPS) lamellar structure (6H-LPS refers to 6H long-period structure phase). Specifically, the bottom region exhibits the best combination of ultimate tensile strength (706 ± 33 MPa) and strain (0.68 ± 0.05 %). The high tensile strength can be attributed to the hindrance of dislocation movement by the fine lamellae and the 6H-LPS phase ,caused by the high cooling rate of L-DED, while the elongation is attributed to the reduction in crack propagation energy due to the presence of fine grains.

Methods of neutralization of iron-containing phases in cast aluminum alloys of the Al-Si-Cu system with iron content of up to 1,5 mass. %

The article discusses the effectiveness of various modifiers, namely chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), and cobalt (Co), in neutralizing the negative impact of iron on the properties of aluminum alloys in the Al-Si-Cu system by altering the morphology of iron-containing phases. The current advancements in the modification of aluminum alloys are examined, focusing on the influence of these elements on microstructural changes and mechanical properties. An in-depth analysis of the microstructure was conducted, and the optimal concentrations of the modifying elements were identified to achieve enhanced mechanical characteristics. The study highlights that the addition of Cr, Mo, V, or Co facilitates the formation of a fine-grained structure and significantly reduces the size of iron-containing phases to approximately 10 μm. Furthermore, the research elaborates on the thermodynamic interactions between iron and the modifying elements, providing insights into the mechanisms by which these modifiers influence the crystallization process and phase distribution within the alloy. This study opens new avenues for the development of high-performance aluminum alloys with optimized microstructures through precise control of modifier concentrations. The improved alloys exhibit superior mechanical properties, making them suitable for applications in various industrial sectors, including automotive and other industries, where high strength and reliability are critical. Experimental results demonstrate that the strategic addition of Cr, Mo, V, and Co can effectively mitigate the adverse effects of iron inclusions, leading to alloys with enhanced ductility, tensile strength, and overall performance. The findings suggest that these modifiers not only refine the grain structure but also promote a more uniform distribution of phases, thus improving the alloy's resistance to cracking and other forms of mechanical failure. The insights gained from this research provide a valuable foundation for further exploration and optimization of aluminum alloys for high-demand applications, emphasizing the critical role of microstructural engineering in achieving desired material properties

Investigating microstructure, mechanical properties, and pitting corrosion resistance of UNS S32760 super duplex stainless steel after linear friction welding

High-performance alloys such as super duplex stainless steels (SDSS) are of interest to the oil and gas industry, especially in deep and ultra-deep reservoirs where high pressures and highly corrosive environments are prevalent. SDSS have high nitrogen contents and pitting resistant equivalent number (PREN) values greater than 40, however, fusion welds of these alloys can exhibit unsuitable microstructures and defects that may result in failure during usage. Solid-state linear friction welding (LFW) offers an alternative for the effective joining of SDSS with a less detrimental effect on microstructure and properties. In this work, four LFW joints in UNS S32760 SDSS were produced and investigated by evaluating the process parameters required to achieve a high-quality joint with the desirable metallurgical, mechanical, and localized corrosion properties. These properties were assessed through metallography (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), tensile and microhardness tests, and corrosion analysis according to the ASTM G48A standard. Results indicated that one specific combination of LFW parameters led to a defect-free joint, and that the mechanical properties of the weld in this case were comparable to those of the base material. Additionally, an adequate balance between ferrite and austenite phases was achieved throughout the microstructural gradients seen in the weld region. Microhardness values were below 350 HV, thus complying with the DNV–OS–F101 standard. Furthermore, no pitting corrosion was observed in this joint under the testing conditions suggested by ASTM G48A.

Enhancing elastocaloric performance: Ti-doped Co–V-Ga bulk polycrystalline alloys with minimal stress hysteresis

Currently, practical applications of shape memory alloy (SMA) solid elastocaloric refrigeration materials are limited by low elastocaloric effect (eCE), high applied stress, and large stress hysteresis (Δσhys). Here, we introduce a composition design strategy using Ti-doped Co–V-Ga SMAs to address these challenges. We combine first-principles calculations and experiments to verify this strategy. Our results show that the lattice distortion caused by the significant difference in atomic radius after Ti doping produces a solid solution strengthening effect inside the alloy, which significantly improves the superelasticity of the alloy, delays the plastic deformation of the austenite phase, and the volume fraction of martensitic transformation increases significantly. The newly developed Co51.7V31.3Ga16Ti1 bulk polycrystalline alloy exhibits a remarkable adiabatic temperature change (ΔTad) of −10 K at room temperature under a low stress of 400 MPa, a minimum Δσhys of 18 MPa, and a high coefficient of performance COPmat of 31.9. Importantly, the 100-cycle loading-unloading test at 350 MPa is done, and it reveals that the ΔTad for the Ti0 alloy was only 3.9 K, while it reached 6.2 K for the Ti1 alloy, marking a noteworthy 59 % performance enhancement. From the simplicity of the fabrication process to the comprehensive performance of the material, it exhibits a promising advantage for practical cooling applications This study presents a feasible design strategy for large-scale production of high-performance bulk polycrystalline alloys with high eCE, low stress, and Δσhys.

Influences of the composition design on the microstructure and properties of laser additive manufacturing TiAl alloy coatings

The utilization of titanium aluminide (TiAl) alloys is widespread in the high-temperature sectors of the aerospace industry, despite their challenging manufacturing process and inherent low toughness. Laser additive manufacturing (LAM), as a solution to these challenges, enhances the capability to form complex components and mechanical properties. The influence of process parameters, heat treatment methods, and reinforcing components on the microstructure of TiAl alloys was studied during the LAM process. The principles of designing TiAl alloys were emphasized from the action mechanism of reinforcing components. A classification standard for the component design was proposed based on the different roles of β-stabilizing elements, α-stabilizing elements, rare earth elements, and composites (a combination of the aforementioned components). Furthermore, the work discussed the evolution mechanism of the microstructure and the strengthening mechanism of mechanical properties in TiAl alloys prepared using LAM. These included solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening, grain boundary strengthening, grain refinement, and lattice distortion toughening. Finally, future research directions in LAM TiAl alloys were proposed—the innovative design of TiAl alloys through the structural or interfacial control, the development of multiscale characterization techniques for microstructures, and the advancement of high-performance TiAl alloys using data-driven machine learning approaches.

Effect of Mg/Si ratio on synergistic improvement of formability and yield strength in Al-Mg-Si-Zn alloys

The design of Al-Mg-Si-Zn series alloys combines the advantages of 6xxx and 7xxx series alloys and breaks through the limitations of strength and formability matching of traditional alloys. In this study, we achieved an exceptional strength-formability combination in the Al-0.84Mg-0.79Si-3.38Zn (wt.%) alloy. Following a solution treatment at 550 °C for 3 min, the alloy exhibited an elongation of ∼36.8%, with a yield strength of ∼356 MPa after artificial aging at 175 °C for 8 h. The effects of different Mg/Si ratios (∼0.6, ∼1.2, and ∼2.5, at.%) on the strength-formability interplay in Al-Mg-Si-Zn alloys were investigated. The alloy with a low Mg/Si ratio (∼0.6) facilitated the precipitation of fine β'' phases characterized by a high number density (∼8.4 nm−3 × 10−5). A Mg/Si ratio of ∼1.2 proved advantageous for precipitating larger β'' phases with a higher volume fraction (∼0.69%), resulting in an elevated precipitation strengthening effect (∼290 MPa). However, with an increase in the Mg/Si ratio to ∼2.5, the reduced availability of Si atoms for forming Mg-Si clusters led to a decrease in the number density of precipitates. Additionally, the interaction among Fe, Mn, and Si elements resulted in the presence of blocky α-Al(FeMn)Si phases, as opposed to the needle-like β-AlFeSi phases, in the alloy with a Mg/Si ratio of ∼1.2. This effectively prevented the degradation of elongation. Our findings present a comprehensive strategy for the compositional design of high-performance aluminum alloys.

Simultaneous enhancement of elevated temperature strength and ductility in additive-manufactured nickel-based superalloy via doping Y2O3 nanoparticles

In this work, we coated a layer of Y2O3 particles in Hastelloy X (HX) nickel-based superalloy powder by in situ chemical method and combined with laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology to develop a high-performance Y2O3-doping alloy, designated as Y-HX. The results show that the doping of Y2O3 particles prevents crack formation during the printing process and reduces solute segregation at cell and grain boundaries by increasing the viscosity of the molten pool. The doping of Y2O3 particles to the printed Y-HX alloy enhances grain boundary characteristics, transforming coarse sheet-like carbides into finely dispersed granular carbides at the boundaries during subsequent heat treatment. Additionally, doping with Y2O3 particles increases the recrystallization activation energy of the Y-HX alloy from 149.4 to 278.8 kJ mol–1. At 750 °C, the Y-HX alloy exhibits an ultimate tensile strength of 619 ± 2 MPa and an elongation of 52 % ± 2 %, along with an ultimate tensile strength of 325 ± 3 MPa and an elongation of 47 % ± 2 % at 900 °C. Our work provides a promising way to develop additive-manufactured superalloys with exceptional thermal stability and remarkable high-temperature mechanical properties.

A strategy for high-entropy copper alloys composition design assisted by deep learning based on data reconstruction and network structure optimization

Complex mapping relationships between high-entropy alloy compositions and performances struggle to precisely elucidate by traditional machine learning models, hindering the accurate and efficient design of high-performance alloys. In this work, a novel alloy design strategy combined self-decision deep neural network, data reconstruction with network structure optimization was proposed, which effectively enhanced the model's ability to predict the mapping relationships between high-dimensional composition spaces and mechanical properties of alloy. Compared to other machine learning methods, significantly improves model prediction accuracy (hardness model: 97.98%; strength model: 94.40%). Through above model, the mechanical properties of 308 new (CuNiMn)-X high-entropy copper alloys was studied added other elements such as Al, Ti, Cr, and Fe, which designed and produced a novel (CuNiMn)60Al20Cr20 alloy with high hardness of 474 HV, high compressive strength of 2322 MPa, and high fracture strain of 25.20%. The primary factors influencing alloy performance and their respective thresholds were also quantitatively revealed (hardness: electronegativity deviation (0.02, 0.1) and nuclear charge deviation (0, 0.25); compressive strength: mean nuclear charge (25, 30) and mean atomic radius (134 p.m.)). These findings provide a new perspective and approach for the design and mechanism understanding of high-performance alloys with complex compositions.

Microstructure evolution, stress state and electromagnetic performance of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloy induced by stress-annealing

Stress-induced anisotropy has been applied for FeSiBCuNb nanocrystalline alloy ribbons in transformers with large direct current (DC) component. However, the physical mechanism of anisotropy induced by stress annealing during crystallization remains controversial. Here, a systematic study was conducted on the microstructure, residual stress state, dynamic domain structure and properties of the stress-annealed FeSiBCuNb nanocrystalline ribbons. Present results demonstrate that, the increase of the applied stress greatly increases the residual tensile stress and induces lattice distortion, which acts as pinning site during magnetization, resulting in enhanced domain-wall energy and narrower wall width. Meanwhile, stress annealing promotes the flattening of hysteresis loops and decreases the effective permeability, which improves the DC-bias characteristics of the ribbons, thereby promoting the transition from “hard saturation” to “soft saturation” behavior. Also, stress-induced grain refinement is beneficial to obtaining high hardness. Owing to the stress-induced anisotropy, the stress-annealed sample with applied stress of 113 MPa exhibits excellent combined properties, including low constant effective permeability of 438 at wide frequency range (1 kHz–8 MHz), high DC-bias capability of 74% (30 Oe), low power loss of 49 kW/m3 (100 mT, 100 kHz), and high hardness of 644 HV. This discovery provides an insightful understanding of stress-induced anisotropy mechanism on the high-performance Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys.

Effect of aging temperature on microstructure and properties of cold-rolled Cu-Ni-Si alloy

The aging process plays a pivotal role in shaping the microstructure of Cu-Ni-Si alloys, a typical kind of precipitation-strengthened Cu alloy. This process significantly affects both the mechanical and electrical properties of the final Cu alloy strips. In this study, Cu-Ni-Si alloy sheets underwent a 90 % reduction through cold rolling at room temperature, followed by heat treatment at temperatures ranging from 400 to 650 ℃. A comprehensive investigation was conducted into how cold rolling deformation and the aging process affect the alloy's microstructure, as well as its mechanical and electrical properties. The analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with a backscattered electron diffraction system (SEM-EBSD), complemented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The findings revealed that recrystallization and precipitation occurred concurrently and were both enhanced by higher temperatures and prolonged heat treatment durations. However, recrystallization at elevated temperatures has a marginal impact on enhancing electrical conductivity and results in a significant reduction of mechanical properties. In contrast, alloys preserving the deformed microstructure benefit from multiple strengthening mechanisms, including precipitation, dislocation, grain boundary, and texture strengthening. This study offers quantitative insights into the precipitation and recrystallization behaviors of Cu-Ni-Si alloys, contributing significantly to a deeper understanding of the mass production of high-performance copper alloys.

Understanding the effect of refractory metal chemistry on the stacking fault energy and mechanical property of Cantor-based multi-principal element alloys

Multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs) based on 3d-transition metals show remarkable mechanical properties. The stacking fault energy (SFE) in face-centered cubic (fcc) alloys is a critical property that controls underlying deformation mechanisms and mechanical response. Here, we present an exhaustive density-functional theory study on refractory- and copper-reinforced Cantor-based systems to ascertain the effects of refractory metal chemistry on SFE. We find that even a small percent change in refractory metal composition significantly changes SFEs, which correlates favorably with features like electronegativity variance, size effect, and heat of fusion. For fcc MPEAs, we also detail the changes in mechanical properties, such as bulk, Young's, and shear moduli, as well as yield strength. A Labusch-type solute-solution-strengthening model was used to evaluate the temperature-dependent yield strength, which, combined with SFE, provides a design guide for high-performance alloys. We also analyzed the electronic structures of two down-selected alloys to reveal the underlying origin of optimal SFE and strength range in refractory-reinforced fcc MPEAs. These new insights on tuning SFEs and modifying composition-structure-property correlation in refractory- and copper-reinforced MPEAs by chemical disorder, provide a chemical route to tune twinning- and transformation-induced plasticity behavior.

Overcoming strength-ductility trade-off in Si-containing transformation-induced plasticity high-entropy alloys via metastability engineering

Benefiting from the transformation-induced plasticity effect has been recognized as a new approach to develop high-performance Si-containing high-entropy alloys with outstanding room-temperature strength-ductility balance. However, closely controlling the kinetics of deformation-induced α΄-martensite formation is essential to further boost ductility in addition to ultrahigh strength. In the present work, this aim was fulfilled by manipulating the chemical composition of the promising FeCoCrVMnSi system with the replacement of Mn with Ni and adjusting the Si content to fine-tune the stacking fault energy and the driving force of austenite to martensite transformation. The experimental results were obtained by EBSD, TEM, XRD, and tensile testing, and the results were supported by thermodynamic calculations, work-hardening analysis, and assessment of α΄-martensite formation kinetics. Accordingly, the single-phase Fe47Co30Cr10Ni5V8-xSix system was designed. In this system, the Fe47Co30Cr10Ni5V2Si6 alloy exhibited exceptional tensile strength (∼1.1 GPa) and total elongation (72 %), outperforming the competitive dual-phase Fe46Co30Cr10Mn5V2Si7 alloy. High strength was attributed to the high solid-solution strengthening effect as well as the volume fraction of α΄-martensite, while its ductility benefited from fine-tuned kinetics of martensitic phase transformation.

Modulus-mismatch strategy optimized lightweight refractory high-entropy alloys for superior synergy of mechanical properties and thermostability

Lightweight refractory high-entropy alloys (LRHEAs) have received significant attention due to their excellent strength-plasticity matching. Generally, its strengthening mechanism mainly comes from solid solution strengthening caused by atomic radius mismatches, but excessive atomic radius mismatch can reduce the phase stability of solid solution and easily generate precipitated phases to reduce the plasticity. Here, we present a strategy to enhance the shear modulus mismatch while improving the mechanical properties and phase stability of LRHEAs. We chose the TiZrVNbAl system as the LRHEAs model. The addition of Mo resulted in a modulus mismatch induced strength contribution of 564 MPa, which accounts for ∼57 % of the total strength. Compared to the alloy without Mo, the strength increased by ∼42 % without any loss of ductility. More importantly, the addition of Mo significantly reduces the diffusion coefficient of the main element and realizes the effective kinetic suppression of the precipitated phase. This enables the alloy to avoid brittle precipitate generation even after aging at 500 °C for 5 h, and hence the excellent mechanical properties are well kept. Additionally, the strength of the LRHEA is increased by more than two times at 700 °C, demonstrating higher high temperature performance compared to RHEAs with tensile ductility. Utilizing the shear modulus mismatch strategy can effectively enhance the solid solution strengthening effect, improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature, while also improving phase stability. This provides a new approach to developing structurally stable high-performance alloys.

Research on Characterization and Biocompatibility of 3D Printed Ti-6Al-4V Pelvic Prosthesis

The treatment of bone defects caused by fractures or bone tissue lesions has always been a difficult problem in the field of orthopedics. Implantation of high-performance titanium alloy prosthesis is an effective method to treat bone defects. 3D printing technology can produce low-modulus titanium alloy implants with porous structures, providing a better solution to the above problems. This technology is convenient to design and has a huge advantage in making orthopedic implants. The article used electron beam melting in 3D printing technology to create two samples of Ti-6Al-4V prosthesis, including solid structural pelvic prosthesis and porous structural pelvic prosthesis. The mechanical properties of the prosthesis showed that the yield and tensile strengths of the rod tensile specimen were 894 MPa and 956 MPa, respectively, and the compressive modulus and compressive strength of the porous pelvic prosthesis were 55 GPa and 65.2 MPa, respectively. The results of the L929 cytotoxicity assay and the MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion assay demonstrated good biocompatibility of the prosthetic samples. New Zealand white rabbits were used to prepare the femoral joint cavity defect models and two pelvic prostheses were implanted. A microscopic CT scan 4 weeks after implantation showed that the bone defect caused by the drill had healed and that the porous structure of the pelvic prosthesis formed a new trabecular structure within the hole. In conclusion, the 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V pelvic prosthesis has excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and the ability to promote new bone growth.

Microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of high-performance powder metallurgy TA15 titanium alloy by hot rolling

Microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of high-performance powder metallurgy TA15 titanium alloy by hot rolling