Highest Percentage Of Injuries Research Articles

A profile of injuries in Jamaica

This study analyses 6 months of data from three hospitals participating in the computerized emergency room-based Jamaica Injury Surveillance System (JISS) since 1999. The categories of injuries tracked were unintentional, violence-related and motor vehicle-related. The resultant data showed that injuries comprised 17% (12,179) of all Accident and Emergency (A&E) department registrations for the period. The highest percentage of injuries were violence-related (51%, 6,380), followed by unintentional injuries (33%, 4,030) and motor vehicle-related (15%, 1,769). Injury profiles varied by institution with the majority of Cornwall Regional Hospital's and Kingston Public Hospital's injuries being intentional while that of May Pen Hospital was unintentional. The data also demonstrate that young males are at highest risk for all types of injuries as well as for the more severe injuries requiring hospital admission. The risk factor data provided through the JISS will inform and guide private and public sector efforts to address the problem of injuries in Jamaica.

Head injuries in men's and women's lacrosse: a 10 year analysis of the NEISS database

Introduction: Although protective headgear is required in men's lacrosse, women's lacrosse is viewed as non-contact, and use of helmets and faceguards is prohibited. Yet, women remain at risk for injury to the head and face region from contact with the ball and stick. This study was designed to examine differences in lacrosse-related injuries between genders and amongst various age groups. Methods: Data on lacrosse-related injuries maintained through the Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, In-depth Investigation File, and Injuries/Potential Injuries File were analysed over a 10-year period (January 1990-April 2000). Results: A total of 1727 cases of lacrosse-related trauma, mean age 16.9 years, range 4-59 years, were recorded. Males accounted for 80.5% of cases. The head and face region was the most common area injured (20.4%). Injuries to the head and face were significantly more prevalent among females (30.1% of all injuries) than males (18.0% of all injuries), p < 0.001, and often resulted from contact with the ball (33.6% of incidents). Children aged 4-11 years experienced the highest percentage of injuries to the head and face. Closed head injuries represented 5.6% of all lacrosse-related injuries and were slightly more prevalent among females. Conclusions: Women and children lacrosse players are at risk of serious injury to the head and face region. The use of protective head/face gear should be encouraged.

Concrete form Work, Injury and Musculoskeletal Disorders

We present hospital emergency room data on 154 injuries of carpenters and laborers working for one contractor on one large project over four years. This contractor was in charge of concrete form construction, a task that entails significant ergonomic risks. The carpenters working for this contractor had a higher percentage of injuries diagnosed as strains and sprains, while the laborers had more injuries from “struck-by/struck-against” than other crafts. We will discuss possible strategies to decrease ergonomic hazards and injuries in form construction

Injury pattern and acceptance of passive and active injury prophylaxis for inline skating.

In a field study the injury pattern as well as the active and passive injury prophylaxis of 1036 inline skaters were evaluated. Of them, 60% had already been injured. Every 124 h an injury occurred during inline skating. While 61% of the injuries affected only soft tissue, 31% were joint distorsions, and 8% were fractures. Altogether 37% of the 626 injured skaters required medical treatment. The upper extremities are especially at risk: 78% of the fractures and 48% of the distorsions affected the fingers, wrist, forearm or elbow. It is obvious that the inline skaters' passive prophylaxis measures are still unsatisfactory. Only 17% of the questioned used complete protection, whereas 16% were wearing no protective gear at all. Of the rest, 49% were skating with wrist guards, 66% were using knee pads, and 31% elbow pads. A high percentage of injuries is due to the lack of basic knowledge and techniques. The survey revealed that only 24% can stop immediately. While 51% had only slight problems with braking, 16% admitted having great difficulties, and 7% were not able to brake at all. These numbers reveal that there are still large deficits regarding braking techniques and education on the risks of injury. Therefore, athletes who use this equipment for the first time should learn the basic techniques of skating, braking and falling with the help of a qualified instructor. Most of all those questioned wanted to have more information, and half would be interested in special educational programmes.

A game theoretical interpretation of male combat in the bowl and doily spider (Frontinella pyramitela)

Male bowl and doily spiders (Frontinella pyramitela: Linyphiidae) fight over access to adult females. The probability of disablement or fatal injury in these contests is a linear function of their duration. Thus the fights fit closely the assumptions of a version of the game theory ‘war of attrition’. Because the details of sperm competition are known, female value (expected number of eggs fertilized) to either a copulating male or an intruder can be quantified for any stage of copulation. Using this information, the predictions of the war of attrition model were critically examined by experimental manipulation of fighting ability and female value for both web residents and intruders. When female value was equal for both combatants, the ability to win fights was correlated with body size and the duration of contests was inversely correlated with size difference. The winning percentage of males of specific size differences varied directly with female value. The treatments with the highest percentage of injuries and fatalities were those in which a smaller resident was defending a female of great value to him. In two treatments in which larger web residents were contesting for females of low value, the predictions of the model were seemingly not supported. However, a quantitative analysis of the treatments shows that these apparently anomalous results are in accord with the model.

Peripheral vascular injuries in the Vietnam War.

Major injuries of the peripheral vessels are seen frequently in the Vietnam War where a high percentage of injuries are inflicted by high velocity missiles. 1 The need for peripheral vascular reconstruction in these injuries rather than ligation of the involved vessel first drew widespread interest with the report of DeBakey and Simeone. 2 In their analysis of 2,471 vascular injuries incurred during World War II, the overall amputation rate was 50%, and direct repair was accomplished in only 3% of injuries. Since the conclusion of World War II the rapidly developing field of vascular reconstruction has made it imperative that immediate repair of peripheral vascularinjuries be attempted in war zones. Reports following the Korean War by Hughes 3 and Jahnke and Seeley 4 made it apparent that reconstruction of injured peripheral vessels was highly successful. According to Hughes 3 immediate repair was attempted in 88% of arterial injuries and