Highest Number Of Injuries Research Articles

Attitudes towards the use of mouth and face guards in Swedish ice hockey: part 2. Results

The yearly cost of sports injuries, which affects Swedish society, is estimated to 3billion SEK (460 million USD). Injuries in ice hockey represent at least 270 million SEK (42 million USD). Despite the high number of injuries, mouth and face guards are rarely used in Swedish ice hockey. The major aim of this study was to examine the attitudes of mouth and face guards in two ice hockey clubs in Sweden (one elite and one division 3 club). A second purpose was to determine why some players use mouth and face guards, while others do not. A third goal was to present a material that ice hockey clubs could use for further discussions. A phenomenographic analysis of focus groups interviews. The phenomenographic analysis of the data resulted in 12 categories. Within each category, issues, activities and engagement of the participants were described. Further, similarities and differences in the discussions between the elite club and the division 3 club were described. The following categories were found to engage the participants the most: 'Ice hockey is a high-velocity collision sport in which injuries are expected', 'Attitudes towards personal protection guards' and 'Suggested measures'. The participants were aware of the risk of playing ice hockey, but they know little about the consequences of a dental injury. Although ice hockey players wish to protect themselves, they refuse to accept just any mouth or face guard. Through the discussions about reducing dental and jaw injuries by routine use of protection devices, many reform proposals were presented that could be useful in future discussions.

Environmental and Temporal Factors Affecting Pediatric Orthopaedic Injuries

Anecdotal evidence suggests that temporal and environmental factors may contribute to the variance in the volume of pediatric orthopaedic injuries (POI), and knowing the effect of these factors could help in the allocation of resources and personnel in pediatric emergency rooms. All POI presenting to a level 1 pediatric emergency department over a 3-year period were reviewed. Environmental data, including minimal, maximal, and average daily temperatures; amount of precipitation; and lunar phase, were obtained for the study region, as were day of the week and month and season of the year. Multiple logistic regression determined which variable or combination of variables might affect the rate of POI. In the 6770 POI seen over the study period (average 6.2 per day), the day of the week and lunar phase had no effect on the rate of POI, the presence of precipitation lowered the rate slightly, and temperature had a dramatic effect, with the highest number of injuries occurring in the average daily temperature range of 70° to 79°. Winter months of November through February had the lowest rates of POI, while May had the highest.

Difference in injury profile in Trampoline and Artistic Gymnastics

The trampolines and artistic gymnastics have a high incidence and severity of injuries, with many differences in the elements, movements and demands. The purpose of this study was to compare Trampoline and Artistic Gymnastics’ injury profile. The sample was 33 athletes, 80% female and 20% male, 14 artistic and 19 trampolines gymnasts. The mean age was 11 years for artistic and 17,2 years for trampoline gymnasts. The survey was done by analyzing records of competitive level gymnasts, seen in the Physical Therapy Department of a Brazilian private sports club, in 2010. Athletes who suffered no injury, or not sought medical care in physical therapy were not included in the study. The incidence was 84 injuries in gymnastics sports, 27 in artistic and 57 in trampoline, the mean was 1,9 injury per athlete for artistic and 3,0 for trampoline. According the kind, 52% was acute injuries and 48% was chronic, in both modalities; 36% happen in right side, 34% in left side, 5% in both sides and 25% in no specific side. The most common trampoline injury was low back dysfunction (26,3%), and in artistic gymnastic ankle sprains (25,9%). The upper limbs injuries happen often in the artistic gymnasts, especially in the wrist and shoulder (22,2%). Leg injuries, mainly periosthitis, occurred only in trampoline. The most injuries were ligament and tendon in artistic and muscle damage in trampoline. The stress fractures occurred in both types of gymnastics. According to the injury mechanisms, the majority in trampoline was skeletal muscle spasms and in the artistic was nonspecific pain, related to overuse, like tendinitis and joint dysfunctions. The difference between the trampoline and artistic could be seen in the different profile injuries. The upper extremities are used as weight bearing limbs in artistic gymnastics, so high impact loads affect directly wrist and shoulders with specific injuries that occurred only in modality. The low back overload in trampoline is clear with high number of injuries which appear to result from repeated microtrauma caused by repeated jumps. The high incidence in lower limbs is always reported in literature and is supported in this study. Some points are similar, like the proportion between chronic and acute injuries and laterality. The risk of gymnastic injuries seems to be proportional to the level of the athletes, this was is possible to confirm in this study, in trampoline with higher mean age the injuries frequency was bigger than artistic.

Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and the Use of Telemedicine in the Grampian Region of Scotland: a Retrospective Study

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the amount and nature of adult facial trauma in Aberdeen, Scotland's third largest city, that requires referral to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary oral and maxillofacial surgery department by the Emergency Department and Grampian's telemedicine service over a six month period.Material and MethodsA retrospective audit using oral and maxillofacial surgery trauma clinic and theatre records to identify Emergency Department (ED) notes for those patients presenting with facial trauma. ED notes were examined to extract demographic data on each patient as well as information on the nature and outcomes of the facial trauma. This data was compared with previously published national and international statistics.Results137 patients were identified with a mean age of 33.7 years with a standard deviation of 16.7. 83.2% of facial trauma victims were male and 62% of facial injuries were caused by alleged assault. Only 1 patient was referred to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary by telemedicine.Conclusions Aberdeen has a high number of injuries caused by interpersonal violence. Telemedicine is an underused resource in the referral and review of facial trauma at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary.

Prevalence of sport injuries during the 53th Regional Games in Franca (SP), Brazil

The purpose of this study was to perform a survey about the prevalence, type and location of the injuries occurred in athletes of different modalities during the 53th Regional Games held in 2009. A total of 182 injured athletes being treated at the physical therapy clinic were included. Physical Therapy evaluation was performed to determine the anatomic location and type of injury, as well the sport modality. The results showed that mean age, height, weight and BMI were 23 years (±5.9), 1.73 m (±0.11), 71 kg (±14.22) and 24 kg/m² (±4) respectively. Proportionality to the number of athletes, handball athletes presented with higher number of injuries (4.25%), followed by indoor soccer players (3.7%), basketball (2.48%), volleyball (1.72%) and soccer (1.63%). The most common type of injury were sprains with 29.7% of cases (n=54) and mostly from soccer players; followed by contracture - 26.9% (n=49), mostly from basketball players; and contusion -25.8% (n=47), mostly from handball and indoor soccer players. The type of injury showed a significant association with the sports modality (p=0.0016). The lower limbs accounted for 71.4% of all injuries including knee (23.1%), ankle (18.1%), thigh (17.0%), leg (10.4%) and spine (9.9%). Preventive actions to avoid athletes' injury should be implemented in order to reduce the number of injuries in sports competitions such as in the Regional Games.

Falls from heights in Pediatrics. Epidemiology and evolution of 54 patients

ObjectiveFalls from heights are a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The aims of this study are to describe the evolution and long-term prognosis of such patients, to identify the pediatric population at greatest risk of falling from heights in our setting, and to define the variables at admission capable of predicting mortality. DesignA retrospective patient cohort review was carried out. SettingPediatric patients. PopulationPediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit following a fall from a height of over 2m, in the last 10 years. ResultsNinety-two percent of the patients fell from buildings. Out of a total of 54 patients suffering falls, 51% were preschoolers. Fifty percent of the adolescents cases corresponded to attempted suicide. Fifty-two percent of the children were immigrants. Head injuries were the most common type of traumatism. The mortality rate was 12%. Eighty-two percent of the patients with a follow-up period of 2 years were leading an independent life. The independent predictors of mortality were the height of the fall, the Glasgow coma score and pediatric trauma index score upon admission, the presence of anemia, acidosis and hypotension upon admission, the need for vasoactive drugs, and the presence of severe head injury with the development of intracranial hypertension. ConclusionsFalls from heights occur mainly in unsupervised preschool children and teenagers attempting suicide. These patients have a high number of injuries, a high mortality rate, and important care needs. Most survivors are able to lead an independent life over the long term. Preventive measures should be implemented in risk populations.

Caídas desde grandes alturas en Pediatría. Epidemiología y evolución de 54 pacientes

ObjectiveFalls from heights are a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The aims of this study are to describe the evolution and long-term prognosis of such patients, to identify the pediatric population at greatest risk of falling from heights in our setting, and to define the variables at admission capable of predicting mortality. DesignA retrospective patient cohort review was carried out. SettingPediatric patients. PopulationPediatric patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit following a fall from a height of over two meters, in the last 10 years. ResultsNinety-two percent of the patients fell from buildings. Out of a total of 54 patients suffering falls, 51% were preschoolers. Fifty percent of the adolescents cases corresponded to attempted suicide. Fifty-two percent of the children were immigrants. Head injuries were the most common type of traumatism. The mortality rate was 12%. Eighty-two percent of the patients with a follow-up period of two years were leading an independent life. The independent predictors of mortality were the height of the fall, the Glasgow coma score and pediatric trauma index score upon admission, the presence of anemia, acidosis and hypotension upon admission, the need for vasoactive drugs, and the presence of severe head injury with the development of intracranial hypertension. ConclusionsFalls from heights occur mainly in unsupervised preschool children and teenagers attempting suicide. These patients have a high number of injuries, a high mortality rate, and important care needs. Most survivors are able to lead an independent life over the long term. Preventive measures should be implemented in risk populations.

Epidemiology of the injuries of the locomotor system in elite volleyball players

BackgroundThe epidemiological study is an important tool in the understanding and development of any medical field. In Sports Medicine highlights their importance in the development of preventive strategies with the...

Bioarchaeological evidence for conflict in Iron Age north-west Cambodia

Examination of skeletal material from graves at Phum Snay in north-west Cambodia revealed an exceptionally high number of injuries, especially to the head, likely to have been caused by interpersonal violence. The graves also contain a quantity of swords and other offensive weapons used in conflict. The authors propose a context for these warriors in the struggle between emergent polities in the Iron Age before the domination of Angkor.

Video analysis of causes and mechanism of the ACL injuries in the Iranian professional soccer player

Soccer is one of the most popular and high-risk sports around the world. The highest number of injuries in this sport occurs in the knee joint and anterior cruciate ligament...

Changes to injury profile (and recommended cricket injury definitions) based on the increased frequency of Twenty20 cricket matches

This study analyzes injuries occurring prospectively in Australian men's cricket at the state and national levels over 11 seasons (concluding in season 2008-09). In the last four of these seasons, there was more cricket played, with most of the growth being a new form of the game - Twenty20 cricket. Since the introduction of a regular Twenty20 program, injury incidence rates in each form of cricket have been fairly steady. Because of the short match duration, Twenty20 cricket exhibits a high match injury incidence, expressed as injuries per 10,000 hours of play. Expressed as injuries per days of play, Twenty20 cricket injury rates compare more favorably to other forms of cricket. Domestic level Twenty20 cricket resulted in 145 injuries per 1000 days of play (compared to 219 injuries per 1000 days of domestic one day cricket, and 112 injuries per 1000 days of play in first class domestic cricket). It is therefore recommended that match injury incidence measures be expressed in units of injuries per 1000 days of play. Given the high numbers of injuries which are of gradual onset, seasonal injury incidence rates (which typically range from 15-20 injuries per team per defined 'season') are probably a superior incidence measure. Thigh and hamstring strains have become clearly the most common injury in the past two years (greater than four injuries per team per season), perhaps associated with the increased amount of Twenty20 cricket. Injury prevalence rates have risen in conjunction with an increase in the density of the cricket calendar. Annual injury prevalence rates (average proportion of players missing through injury) have exceeded 10% in the last three years, with the injury prevalence rates for fast bowlers exceeding 18%. As the amount of scheduled cricket is unlikely to be reduced in future years, teams may need to develop a squad rotation for fast bowlers, similar to pitching staff in baseball, to reduce the injury rates for fast bowlers. Consideration should be given to rule changes which may reduce the impact of injury. In particular, allowing the 12th man to play as a full substitute in first class cricket (and therefore take some of the bowling workload in the second innings) would probably reduce bowling injury prevalence in cricket.

Urologische Behandlungsfehler bei chirurgischen Eingriffen

In the examinations of the appraisal commission of Northern Rhine the third most frequent urologic errors are ascertained after surgical procedures. In order to prevent them, it is adequate to evaluate their causes. Urologic claims were examined that came before the appraisal commission for treatment errors of the Northern Rhine Physicians' Authority between 1975 and 2005. The results of the first 23 years were compared with those of the last 7 years. The judgment criteria were professional standards and required care. Ninety-five treatment errors were registered in 1975-2005. From 1975 to 1998 there were 60 such errors (2.6 per year) and from 1999 to 2005 there were 35 (5.0 per year). These errors concerned diagnosis in 14.7% of cases (mainly testicular torsion), indication in 7.5%, and explanations of the surgery in 2.1%. About half the cases (46.3%) applied to surgical technique, especially for injuries to the spermatic cord, urinary bladder, ureter, or urethra. In nearly one third of cases (29.4%), errors were found in postoperative care, concerning especially lesions of the spermatic cord and ureter. There is considerable risk of misjudging or even causing urologic disorders in abdominal and vascular surgery. This applies most strongly to diagnosis, above all for testicular torsion. Hernia surgery and colon resection are the treatments leading to the highest number of injuries to testicular vessels, ureter, bladder, and/or urethra. Such occurrences cannot be tolerated if they can be avoided or, if unavoidable, not recognized promptly and adequately managed.

Incidence and Nature of Farm-related Injuries among Children Aged 6-15 during a 10-year Period in One Region in Poland

The health risks among children in "new" and "old" members of the European Union seem to be different. Farms are the most frequent place of injuries among children living in rural areas in Poland. Our aim is to present data on the farm-related injuries conditions among children aged 6-15 in one large region in Poland. The analysis has been made on the basis of information collected from the Farmers' Insurance Fund in Włocławek, which registers all farm-related injuries reported within the Włocławek Province. Over the 10-year study period 449 injuries were recorded (1.29 injuries per 1000 person-years). Among all victims there were 132 girls (29.4% of the total) and 317 boys. 14-year-old children fell victims of injuries most frequently (20.0% of all injuries). The highest number of injuries was recorded during the summer season. The injuries resulted mainly from falls or slips (47.2%) and falling from high altitudes (22.9% of all injuries). Individual and unattended works accounted for 37.5% of cases while 30.4% of all injuries happened while children were assisting in the work performed by adults. The sites were farm facilities (29.0%), farmyard (23.8%), around farm facilities (13.1%), pastures and meadows (11.1%), fields (9.1%), roads leading to houses or farm facilities (7.6%) and home (6.2%). We conclude that 13-15-year-old boys falling during an individual unattended work or while assisting in the work performed by adults, inside and around farm facilities, and during summer months, were the most frequent victims of injuries on farms. Information obtained in this study may be helpful in developing and implementing injury prevention strategies tailored to the Central-Eastern European agricultural realities.

The relationship between hand preference consistency, health, and accidents in a sample of adults over the age of 65 years

As a result of the Coren and Halpern (1991) hypothesis that left hand preference may be associated with decreased survival fitness, there has been interest in exploring the relationship between hand preference and indices of health status. In a series of studies of university-aged adults, Hicks and his colleagues found a higher prevalence of accidental injuries, falls, and sleep problems among individuals with mixed, rather than left, hand preference. They argued that hand preference consistency, not side, may be a marker for possible reduction in health and well-being. We looked at the relationship between hand preference consistency and the prevalence of sleep problems, accidental injuries, falls, injuries from falls, and the prevalence of autoimmune and other illnesses in a sample of 1277 adults between the ages of 65 and 100 years. Of those participants who reported a recent fall, mixed-handers were more likely to report a higher number of injuries from these falls when compared to the reports of consistent-handers. In contrast to the previous findings of Hicks et al., and highlighting the value of including broader age ranges, all other comparisons showed no differences between the two hand preference types.

Outbreak of tetanus cases following the tsunami in Aceh province, Indonesia

Aceh Province in Indonesia was the area most severely affected by the tsunami of 26 December 2004. Extensive loss of life, property, and livelihood left a large segment of the population without basic needs and vulnerable to epidemic-prone diseases. Following the tsunami, a surveillance/early warning and response system was implemented to detect, investigate, and respond to outbreaks of communicable diseases. Fixed and mobile clinics, hospitals, and laboratories, operating all over the affected areas, reported weekly figures and daily alerts. Over 1 month following the tsunami, 106 cases of clinically diagnosed tetanus were reported. Most cases occurred among adults. The case fatality ratio was 18.9%, higher among older patients and among those with short incubation periods. No other major outbreaks occurred in the acute phase of the emergency. This series of tetanus cases was the largest cluster reported following a natural disaster or mass casualty event, overtaken only by the recent earthquake in the Kashmir (139 cases reported), and reflects the high number of injuries which occurred during the tsunami and poor prior immunization status of the population. In the context of natural disasters, preventive measures against tetanus, including wound cleaning and active and passive immunization, should be routinely conducted. Immediate disaster relief should include supplies for the management of wounds and cases of tetanus.

Omeprazole and misoprostol for preventing gastric mucosa effects caused by indomethacin and celecoxib in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate and to compare macro and microscopically the intense injuries of the gastric mucosa of rats which were caused by NSAIDS celecoxib and indomethacin and the gastric cytoprotection with omeprazole and misoprostol. METHODS: The sample is formed by one hundred and fifty Wistar rats with average weight 200 g, distributed in four groups, such as: Group A, subdivided in groups A1 and A2 - pre-treatment with omeprazole (20 mg/rat) during seven days and on the 8th day - use of NSAIDS, concerning A1 (20 rats) were given celecoxib (1mg/rat) and A2 (20 rats) were given indomethacin. The Group B, subdivided in group B1 and B2 - pre-treatment with misoprostol (20mg/rat) during seven days and on the 8th day use of NSAIDS, concerning B1 (20 rats) were given celecoxib (1 mg/ rat) and B2 (20 rats) were given indomethacin (12.5 mg/rat). The Group C: were not given cytoprotection during seven days, from the 7th to the 8th day - fast of food and water ad libitum, on the 8th day of NSAIDS use, concerning C1 (20 rats) were given celecoxib, C2 (20 rats) were given indomethacin (12.5 mg/ rat), C3 (20 rats) were given celecoxib (200mg/rato), and Group D - control group, concerning 10 rats were observed during seven days ingesting food and water ad libitum. On the 9th day, the stomachs were taken out and were macro and microscopically evaluated for the identification of the gastric injuries. RESULTS: On the macroscopic studies, the groups A2, B2 and C2 presented a remarkable high number of injuries for cm² /animal, respectively 18.55 injuries for cm² /animal, 16.25 injuries for cm² /animal and 13.55 injuries for cm²/animal. On the microscopic studies, the percentage of the injured mucosa, presented expressive difference among the groups A1, B1, C1 when compared to the groups A2, B2, C2 (p<0.0001). The average of the length/injury and the average of the depth of the injuries did not present expressive statistics differences among the groups A2, B2 and C2. The average of the edema presented expressive statistics difference among the groups A2 and D; B2 and C2 and between C2 and D (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The indomethacin on the applied concentration causes a great number of macroscopic and microscopic injuries to gastric mucosa of rats when compared to celecoxib which does not cause lesions. Omeprazole and misoprostol on the applied concentrations do not present macroscopic and microscopic effectiveness on the gastric cytoprotection when applying indomethacin. Considering the microscopic analysis of the average of the edema, the group of animals, which was given misoprostol as cytoprotection, presented a lower average compared to the group which was given omeprazole.

Use of a National Reporting System for Occupational Injuries in Costa Rica

Occupational injury surveillance in developing countries may be hindered by the lack of health data infrastructure as well the large numbers of informal-sector workers. The goal of this study was to elucidate the scope of occupational injury in the Monteverde district of Costa Rica using data collected through the national workers social security system. A list of occupational injuries occurring in the district reported to the National Insurance Institute (INS) central office between 1998 and 2002 was taken to the regional INS office, and the original injury reports for the cases were pulled. Specific data on the injuries were collected. There were 184 injuries reported during the five year period. Occupations with the highest number of injuries included production, building and grounds maintenance, and agricultural/forestry/fishing. Descriptive data showed that prevention efforts in this rural region should target food manufacturing, hotels, and construction.

Laceration injuries among workers at meat packing plants

Employees in meat packing experience one of the highest occupational laceration injury rates in the US. A retrospective study was conducted using OSHA 200 injury and illness logs and First Reports of Injury from two large US meat packing plants from 1998 to 2000. The total workers observed during the study period ranged between 2,449 and 2,682 per year. Laceration injury incidence rates in Plant 1 were 14.0 injuries per 200,000 person hours (per 100 workers per year) in 1998, 11.5 in 1999, and 8.3 in 2000, whereas in Plant 2 the overall incidence rate was 3.7 in 1998, 4.8 in 1999, and 3.0 in 2000. Laceration injury rates in Plant 2 were close to the expected OSHA recordable laceration injury rate in 1999 (3.0 per 100 workers per year), but Plant 1 was considerably higher. Plant 1 had a kill support department, and removed animal hides whereas Plant 2 did not. Handheld non-powered tools were the most common contact objects whereas the slaughter department had the highest number of injuries. Finger injuries from a handheld non-powered tool were the most frequent. Findings confirm the high rate of injury from laceration in this industry and indicate hazard varies across time into shift, task being performed, and type of tool being used.

Orthopedic injuries during carrier battle group deployments.

Orthopedic injuries account for a large number of sick call visits during carrier battle group (CBG) deployments. The purpose of this study was to profile the orthopedic injuries during two CBG deployments to help both the line and medical communities better prepare their personnel and supplies. The current study confirmed that orthopedic injuries resulted in the greatest number of sick call visits to the CBG medical departments. Injury analysis revealed a significant number of hand/wrist and back/neck injuries during both carrier deployments. The groups with the highest number of injuries were the air squadrons and aircrews. These findings support the need for continued increased training and supplies for the care of orthopedic injuries. Emphasis should be placed on the care of hand/wrist and back/neck injuries. In addition, all CBG personnel should continue to improve their safety standards, especially in high-risk areas such as the aviation departments.

Epidemiology of medically treated sport and active recreation injuries in the Latrobe Valley, Victoria, Australia

Objective: To quantify and describe medically treated sport and active recreation injuries in a defined region of the Latrobe Valley from 7 November 1994 to 6 November 1995. Method: A...