High Morale Research Articles

Newspaper Content Analysis of 2012-2015 Ombaste Ethnic Conflict in Nasarawa State: A Framing Theory Perspective

This study examined the newspaper coverage of the Ombatse crisis that hit Nasarawa State from 2012-2015. The Ombatse was a movement that wanted to resurrect the Eggon culture in a kind of renaissance and ensure a culture of high morality and chastity; laudable as these objectives were, the group suddenly turned dreadful, assuming a more militant posture; attacking and killing enemies real or perceived including security forces in their hundred. The study employed content analysis, which is a quantitative method of data generation. It applied four predetermined frames: actor frame, action frame, reaction frame, and consequence frame. 2112 dailies were censured for the period of four years. Study applied purposive sampling technique in the selection of the Daily Trust and Leadership newspapers where 180 copies of the papers were examined. The found that reaction frame was the predominant slant of the Nigerian newspapers with 61.1% of the news stories as reactions to the Ombatse activities. By implication, the findings revealed vacuity of the Nigerian media in handling a core national issue to which the media itself is a stakeholder. The study recommended that the media must be active participant in addressing, shaping public understanding of social upheaval- because the role of the media during conflict cannot be underestimated. The media should be able to analyse consequences, the possibility of collateral damage on the parties involved, the shadow parties and the by-standers. Nigerian journalists should also be trained and retrained on guide to sensitive-conflict reporting.

Labour Welfare and Social Security Measures in Selected Industries of Goa

International Labour Organisation (ILO) at its Asian Regional Conference, defined Labour Welfare as a term which is to include such services, facilities and amenities as may be established in or in the vicinity of undertakings to enable the persons employed in them to perform their work in healthy, congenial surroundings and to provide them with amenities conducive to good health and high morale. The objectives of the study are; to examine the socio-economic condition of workers in selected industries in Goa, to analyse the Labour welfare and social security measures in Selected Industries in Goa. The Hypotheses of the study are; there is no significantant difference between labour welfare facilities and Selected Industries in Goa and there is a significant difference between social security measures and Selected Industries in Goa. It is based on primary data only. The primary data was collected based on Interview Schedule method and a sample size of 204 Workers. The present study is based on Stratified Random Sampling Method. The study period is June 2022. The Statistical tools used in the study are Percentage and Non-Parametric Test i.e. Kruskal-Wallis Test. The study proved that Labour Welfare facilities and Social Security Measures to the workers in Selected Industries in Goa was found satisfactory. If the workers in industries are satisfied with the Labour Welfare facilities and Social Security Measures then there will be no industrial Disputes in the Industries and also harmonious relations between workers and the management. It not only increases productivity but it may add to satisfaction with the industry and cut down labour turnover.

POTENTIAL FACTORS MOTIVATING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMEs)

Tax compliance is a compliance of taxpayers with the tax law of the country in terms of declaring their income, filing a return and paying any taxes that are due on time. Tax compliance is essential for the government and tax authorities to achieve the revenue collection target as taxes are the main sources of income to the country. The Inland Revenue Board in Malaysia (IRBM) has recorded 17% increase of tax collection in 2021 compared to 2020. In 2021, more than RM140 billion was collected from three million people and more than 400,000 businesses. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role since they contribute a significant source of government’s tax revenue to ensure sustainable economic growth and development. Recognising SMEs played a crucial role in contributing a large portion of income to the government, this study aimed to identify factors motivating tax compliance among SMEs. The attitude of taxpayers towards tax is influenced by the specific knowledge on taxation, in which the taxpayers have a good understanding of the basic tax system and laws. Thus, tax knowledge among SMEs increases tax compliance as they are more responsible to meet their tax duties. This study also found that high tax morale influencing tax compliance of SMEs. They believe that paying taxes is a sense of moral obligation for the benefits of society. Meanwhile, tax penalties have a significant impact on tax compliance by promoting a positive attitude towards the tax regulations system. In other aspects, tax simplicity has reduced the complexity of the tax system and led to increase of the tax compliance among SMEs. The findings have shown possible strategies for tax authorities to achieve higher level of tax compliance among SMEs towards attaining targeted tax collection for the country.

PENGAJARAN SUBJEK AGAMA ISLAM TERHADAP PELAJAR NON-MUSLIM DI UiTM PERLIS

The teaching of Islam subject at the higher education system in this country does not solely focus on Muslim students as it been long exposed to non-Muslim students in the form of a compulsory university subject at UiTM which previously known as the MARA Institute of Technology (ITM). After enroll and undergo the subject, it turns out that non-Muslim students are at a significant level of acceptance of Islam, especially when talking with Muslim students at UiTM. Understanding the subject of Islam for non-Muslim students is not easy even if at the beginning level. There are various questions, doubts, and uncertainties among non-Muslim students about Islam before they enroll to the subject of Islam. In addition, the reality is more challenging when there are many negative perceptions and misunderstandings about Islam in the mass media that they perceive from the wrong perspectives. Therefore, this study aims to explore the experience and teaching methods of two subject codes, namely IDA 202 (Islamic Society and State) and IDA 102 (Man and Religion) at UITM Perlis in order to identify the level of acceptance of non-Muslim students for the subject of Islam. The analysis of non-Muslim students intake semester one and three in October 2022 to February 2023. The data was retrieved from the commitment of teaching staff during teaching and learning process throughout the semester. Furthermore, the study will present the results of the SUFO (Student Feedback Online Survey) and the final test scores to analyze the effectiveness of teaching the subject of Islam to non-Muslim students at UiTM Perlis. The results of the study found that the IDA subject content was able to explain the negative perception of non-Muslim students toward the knowledge of Islam. They respond positively, understood and respects the practices of Muslim friends. This study also suggests there should be more efforts be executed for IDA teaching staff in UiTM, to enable apply the techniques or methods of dawah bil hal in treating non-Muslim students who enroll the IDA subject code that able to form high morals, ethics, and shaping good character.

Paramilitary Physical Training for School Students in Altai Territory (1939-1940): Organizational Challenges and Achievements

The article examines the military and physical training for school students at educational institutions of the Altai Territory, analyzes the educational process and learning difficulties in pre-wartime. The purpose is to study the educational process of physical education and military training. The relevance of this article is that the military training of Russian youth today, in conditions of increasing military threats of the Russian state, is of exceptional importance in the upbringing of the younger generation. The chosen topic of the article in modern conditions is relevant both for historical science and for state and public organizations in the formation of the Russian people's love for the Fatherland. Preparation for the defense of the Motherland of the Soviet people and, above all, the youth, has objectively turned into one of the most important state and socio-political tasks. The Great Patriotic War was a test of the effectiveness of military-patriotic education and the greatest test of the spiritual forces of Soviet society. During the war, the organization of military training of students underwent changes and was associated with the formation of high morale, love for the Motherland and military skills. In the course of the study, the practice of military-physical training work, forms and methods of military-patriotic education in schools of the Altai Territory were studied. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that on the basis of a complex of sources of the State Archive of the Altai Territory and historical documents, the organization of military and physical training of schoolchildren of educational institutions in the Altai Territory on the eve of the Great Patriotic War in 1939-1940 was considered for the first time. The author examines the dynamics, nature and level of interaction between military units and educational institutions in the interests of military training and patriotic education of youth.

#5019 MORTALITY FOR COVID-19 IN UNDERGOING MAINTENANCE DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract Background and Aims Since December 2019, patients undergoing maintenance dialysis have been significantly affected by COVID-19, facing higher risk of death than general population. However, current evidences assess the mortality of patients with COVID-19 remains incomplete. We performed meta-analyses of overall mortality in dialysis patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, this study investigated the differences among different races,viral variants, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis with COVID-19. At the same time, the mortality rate of dialysis patients with the COVID-19 after vaccination was also observed. Method We performed a meta-analysis with literature searching in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases, published between December 1, 2019 and January 10,2023. Two authors separately screened the titles and abstracts of the documents and ruled out irrelevant articles. Fixed effects model and random effects model were used for calculating heterogeneity. Results A total of 83 studies included 7278 died from confirmed COVID-19 cases in a pool of 42925 dialysis patients. Overall mortality of COVID-19 in dialysis patients was 22% (95%Confidence Interval [CI]:19%-25%, p<0.01; I2 = 96.74%) from 2020 to 2022. In subgroup analysis, compared with ancestral COVID-19 (23%,95%CI:20%-25%,p<0.01; I2 = 93.01%) and alpha variant (30%, 95% CI:21%-54%,p<0.01;I2 = 95.35%),omicron variant (4%,95%CI:0-14%,p = 0.09; I2 = 0) had a lower morality significantly (Figure 1). The mortality for Asian and non-Asian were 20% (95% CI:16%-25%,p<0.01;I2 = 96.6%) and 24% (95%CI:20%-27%,p<0.01; I2 = 96.32%) respectively. The odds of death for maintenance hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis were similar (odd ratio [OR] 1.30,95%CI:0.88-1.93,p = 0.191,I2 = 0). Furthermore, we also compared vaccination with unvaccination, and found out that vaccination was associated with lower mortality (OR = 0.18, 95%CI:0.11-0.28,p<0.01;I2 = 71.4%) (Figure 2). Conclusion Patients undergoing maintenance dialysis with COVID-19 have a higher morality. These findings suggest that the mortality of omicron variant may be lower than other variants. In our study, there's no significant difference in mortality between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients with COVID-19. Moreover, vaccines have a good protective effect on dialysis patients.

A Conversation With … Adrian Fisher, the World's Leading Designer of Landscape Mazes.

A Conversation With … Adrian Fisher, the World's Leading Designer of Landscape Mazes.

HATRED DURING THE WAR: A SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT

<p><strong><em>The purpose of the study </em></strong><em>is to analyze the ressentiment in the theoretical and specific historical aspects of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology. </em></strong><em>The methods of the study are theoretical analysis and synthesis, sociological conceptualization of the phenomenon of hatred during the war.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results. </em></strong><em>The result of the study is a generalization from the standpoint of sociology of hatred during the war. The article analyzes hatred towards the enemy during the war.</em></p><p><em>In sociological discourse, hatred is considered a component of ressentiment in the context of Max Scheler’s interpretation of this phenomenon. It is commonly believed that hatred towards the invading enemy, who is trying to destroy the country, is a manifestation of high morality and an additional motive for resistance. Hatred from the invader and aggressor is a manifestation of immorality and a low spiritual level. Ressentiment is self-poisoning of the soul. The press spreads ressentiment to strengthen the psychological component of war. Hatred irradiates all sides of the relationship. Everything that represents the hatred subject (clothes, speech, and anything else that is associated with this subject) also causes hatred.</em></p><p><em>The ressentiment type looks for reasons for aggression in everything. Revenge and hatred lead to the devaluation of existence and the world. What is more, hatred is not caused by the object’s properties but by the very negation and devaluation of existence and the essence of the relationship’s object.</em></p><p><em>Under the influence of ressentiment, a destructive position is formed. That is, reconciliation is impossible when there is ressentiment. The very fact of the enemy’s existence causes a desire to destroy them.</em></p><p><em>Russians have a radically erroneous picture of the world, which they do not want to change but are maniacally eager to follow. Their actions are influenced by an erroneous definition of the situation, which is realistic in its disastrous consequences.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty. </em></strong><em>The article analyzes the ressentiment in the theoretical and specific historical aspects of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war.</em></p><p><strong><em>The practical significance </em></strong><em>of the study is in the use of the formulated provisions to develop a concept of the ideological and political component of Russia’s war against Ukraine.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>war, Ukraine, Russia, hatred, ressentiment, Max Scheler, social madness.</em></p>

Abstract 262: A Novel Humanized ACE2 Mouse Model For Evaluating COVID-19 Infection In Cardiovascular Disease

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 6.7 million deaths worldwide. Patients with cardiovascular disease are at increased risk for severe illness and mortality with COVID-19. Increased systemic inflammation driven by macrophages, a key cellular source of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, may play a role in the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. We seek to understand the mechanisms whereby inflammation associated with vascular disease may drive severity of COVID-19. Under culture conditions that mimic atherosclerotic plaque cholesterol exposure, we found that macrophage IL-1β signaling may promote expression of ACE2, the established receptor for SARS-CoV-2, through NF-κB-mediated transcription. We generated a novel, “humanized” ACE2 mouse strain ( hACE2 ) by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to insert the human ACE2 cDNA sequence into the native mouse ACE2 locus under regulation of the native promoter. Using lung tissue, presence of hACE2 mRNA was verified by RT-qPCR and protein expression was verified by immunofluorescence staining. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 intranasal inoculation of hACE2 mice revealed milder infection when compared to the K18 promoter driven hACE2 ( K18-hACE2 ) overexpression strain, which exhibits severe infection with high morality. hACE2 mice had 100% survival after infection with stable body weight despite detectable viral burden in the lung fields. Histological analysis of the lungs revealed inflammatory infiltrate and pulmonary consolidation with alveolar hemorrhage that were comparable to the K18-hACE2 mice, and immunohistochemistry confirmed detection of viral nucleocapsid in the lung consolidations. Infected hACE2 mice also demonstrated a unique plasma cytokine signature relative to K18-hACE2 mice, including elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-1α, and VEGF-A, but decreased IL-6 and TNF-α. In summary, we have established a novel model of COVID-19 that survives infection and may facilitate comparative studies involving experimental vascular disease. The ability to model COVID-19 in the context of experimental atherosclerosis may help to define new mechanisms driving severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DIDACTIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FORMATION OF A CONFLICT CULTURE IN STUDENTS THROUGH THE SUBJECT "EDUCATION"

In this article, the potential for conflict culture to be instilled in pupils through the study of "upbringing" is highlighted. The newly introduced discipline "upbringing" is taught in the general secondary education system with the intention of preparing students for a successful social life and fostering in them a competitive personality that embodies high morals and cultural values. The methods for developing conflict avoidance abilities in pupils are suggested during the teaching of this subject.

Assessing the impact of escalating attacks on soft targets by criminal gang: A modelling viewpoint using bifurcation analysis

The emerging threat of criminal gangs in society has severe consequences on the socio-economic well-being of individuals. To examine the impact of morally upright individuals and attacks on soft targets (i.e., vulnerable members of the society) on the coexistence dynamics of the society, we employ a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) where individuals in the community are allowed to mix and interact. In the co-dimension one bifurcation analysis, we discover the emergence of supercritical and subcritical Hopf bifurcation, transcritical bifurcation, and saddle–node bifurcation of cycle. To understand how these different attractors interact and mediate a crime-free society, we conduct a co-dimension two bifurcation analysis (i.e., by using the morally upright individuals (h1) and attacks on soft target (e) as our bifurcation parameter). The interplay between morally upright individuals and attacks on soft targets shows the presence of a global attractor (i.e., Generalized Hopf bifurcation), which serves as a synchronization centre for the model. Several studies have reported the emergence of stable limit cycles in the criminal gang model. However, we discover a transition from stable to unstable limit cycles when the attacks on soft targets are considered under distinct coexistence factors. This study revealed that morally upright individuals and attacks on soft targets positively affected the coexistence dynamics of society. Furthermore, we observed that an unstable limit cycle is a causative factor for chaotic dynamics in the non-linear system. We further noted that the positive effect of morally upright individuals plays a crucial role in mediating a stable and crime-free society. The study concluded that the recruitment rate of susceptible individuals to the criminal gang has little consequence on the peaceful coexistence of society if the society maintains high morality.

Kepemimpinan Musa dalam Kitab Bilangan dan Implikasinya Bagi Guru PAK

Moses' leadership in the Book of Numbers shows high moral and ethical principles, courage, justice, and the ability to lead and manage people with a long-term vision. Implications for Christian Education Teachers in the modern educational environment include having a clear and measurable vision, strengthening morals and ethics, applying inclusive leadership, and developing adaptation skills to cope with changes and challenges. By applying Moses's leadership principles and the concrete solutions suggested, Christian Education can become an effective leader in facing challenges in the modern education environment.

The Effectiveness of The Free Senior High School Policy in Ghana: A Moral Development Perspective

The secondary agents of social connections are schools. Since schools have access to trained professionals and resources, it is assumed that this is the only place where students’ moral and ethical development can be reinforced and flourish. As a result, the school’s role is to support students in developing their moral judgment. However, present students’ behaviour in the post-free senior high school period is getting out of hand, both on school campuses and in society. This has raised a lot of questions about the effectiveness of the free senior high school policy on students’ moral development. This necessitated research into how the policy has affected students’ conduct and moral development. The researchers employed a descriptive survey design for this study. Interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data from forty-one (41) participants, consisting of twenty-one (21) students, ten (10) teachers, and ten (10) parents in Sefwi Wiawso Municipality in the Western North Region of Ghana. It was established that the policy has led to mass moral literacy (moral education). On the other hand, other challenges have impaired students’ moral development. The findings call for and necessitate that those with a vested interest in the free senior high school policy do an evaluation and revision of the program. Keywords: Ghana, Free Senior High School Policy, Morality, and Moral Development, Double Track System

Analysis of Factors Influencing Academic Performance in Primary School National Examination in Tanzania: A Case of Kilosa District

This paper examined the factors influencing academic performance in primary schools in the Kilosa district, Mrogoro region in Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative research approach through a cross-sectional research design. About 106 participants were involved including five (5) head teachers (from five schools), one (1)district education officer, one (1)ward education officer, 30 primary school teachers, and 69 students from the five selected primary schools. Data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions. The collected data were qualitatively analyzed. The study shows that poor academic performance in primary schools in the Kilosa district was first, contributed by a learning environment characterized by the poor quality of school infrastructures, long distance to schools, few desks, and poor teachers' houses. The second was a lack of motivation and the last one was a lack of parental involvement. The findings of this study add to the body of literature on academic performance and learning environment. It also underlines the importance of creating favourable working conditions for both teachers and students that fosters high morale among workers and students. This study also broadens our understanding of the importance of government intervention as part of the strategies for improving teaching and learning environments to improve academic performance.

ВАСИЛЬ СУХОМЛИНСЬКИЙ ПРО МИСТЕЦТВО СЛОВА ВЧИТЕЛЯ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ СУЧАСНОЇ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ

The paper analyzes the views of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi on the living word of the teacher as an important means of upbringing and education, examines the current state of development of pedagogical rhetoric as a field of pedagogical science, as well as possible directions and methods of improving the rhetorical skill of a modern teacher. Sukhomlynskyi developed the issue of pedagogical rhetoric and defined its main principles so deeply that he can be considered one of the founders of the science of pedagogical communication. His increased attention to the living word of the teacher is explained by the peculiarities of the talent, in which the artistic and literary skills, which determined the interest in the expressive possibilities of the word, was happily combined with the analytical abilities of the scientist. He declaratively proclaimed and convincingly argued the importance of pedagogical rhetoric, as well as developed his concept of the teacher's rhetorical skill. The basic requirement for the image of a teacher as a successful rhetorician concerns his high morality and ability to maintain the unity of word and work. Another condition is the high general culture of the teacher, thanks to which he is able to clearly and convincingly formulate thoughts during educational discussions and lessons. Sukhomlynskyi claimed that the teacher’s word acquires brightness, and therefore influence, including an emotional one, when it was formed in the process of constant reading of fiction. Moreover, he was convinced that reading fiction develops a person’s creative potential, which is very important for the formation of a teacher as a rhetorical personality. Sukhomlynskyi's pedagogical ideas about the importance of the teacher's living speech, his development of many components of pedagogical rhetoric require a generalized study, as they are deeply thoughtful and based on a solid scientific foundation. Possible directions and methods of improving the rhetorical skill of a modern teacher are the development and introduction of pedagogical rhetoric training courses into educational programs for pre-service teachers, as well as the preparation of appropriate manuals. Applied rhetorics that take into account the specifics of individual pedagogical specialties require special attention.

Impact of Merger on Employee Morale: Evidence from Pakistan

The goal of the study is to evaluate how employee morale has been impacted by mergers in Karachi's banking sector. An organization must have good morale to be successful. Regardless of the size or sector of the company, high morale will boost output, job satisfaction, and absenteeism. A descriptive research design was used in the study to collect data from the targeted banks. The goal of the study is to evaluate how employee morale has been impacted by mergers in Karachi's banking sector. This is a quantitative analysis paper. The data for the paper was obtained from primary sources, such as questionnaires. To assess the impact of the data, statistical software SPSS was used. There were two variables dependent (Employee Morale) and independent variables (Job Satisfaction, Absenteeism and Employee Confidence). The study's participants were banks. The findings indicated that there was a substantial relationship between the variables, and the analysis employed Pearson correlation and Cronbach Alpha for each questionnaire. To see the individual effects of the sample, the frequency distribution was used. Topics related to this were also researched in specific literature. The last portion of this paper is the recommendation and conclusion.

Learning Strategies Using Flash Player in Motorcycle Engineering Lessons to Realize Ease of Learning in Class

One of the goals of national education as stated in law number 20 of 2003 is that the main goal that must be an orientation in education is to educate the life of the nation and develop the whole human being, namely people who believe and fear God Almighty and have high morals. Motorcycle automotive engineering subject matter is a lesson that emphasizes the skills and expertise of students about motorcycle vehicles. In general, the objective of the Motorcycle Engineering Skills Competency (TSM) refers to the contents of the National Education System Law (UU SPN) article 3 concerning National Education Goals and the elucidation of article 15 which states that vocational education is secondary education that prepares students especially to work in the field of certain. In particular, the Motorcycle Engineering Skills Competency aims to equip students with the skills, knowledge and attitude to be competent in the maintenance, maintenance and repair of motorcycles (engine, power converter, chassis and electricity on motorcycles).

Modern Pesantren: The Politics of Islamic Education and Problems of Muslim Identity

The presence of Pesantren has contributed in several ways to the progress that has been made in the field of education in Indonesia. In addition, around 900,000 graduates of Islamic boarding schools have been donated who are ready to continue the spread and da'wah of Islam and participate in building Indonesia's infrastructure which is full of Islamic values in addition to science. This is a significant contribution. Pesantren which is an educational institution that focuses on the formation of Islamic character has a high morality of the Islamic religion in terms of educational politics. This is because the Pesantren adheres to the teachings of the Qur'an and As-Sunnah. Not only that, this situation is because Pesantren is a form of education that emphasizes the cultivation of Islamic character. However, despite the fact that we live in an era of globalization, information, and technology, Pesantren are still the target of criticism for their alleged failure to adapt to globalization in an appropriate way. On the other hand, apart from that, the public education system strengthened by the government also gave birth to new moral problems, which were also the impact of globalization. Collaboration between different educational institutions is now the single most successful strategy to overcome the existing deficiencies in both the Pesantren education system and the general education offered by each school.

An Investigation of Teachers’ Perceptions of School Competitiveness and Organizational Work Environment in a Rural Area

School choice is expected to generate competition and thereby lead to organizational improvements. Using teachers’ original survey responses, this study uses the market culture within the competing values framework and finds substantial variation in how rural schoolteachers perceive competitive pressure and school climate. When we restricted our analysis to teachers from low-income schools, the relationship between competition and work environment is amplified for some organizational climate variables. Findings, which suggest that higher levels of perceived competition are associated with somewhat higher morale and stronger organizational cultures, are important for school leaders and policymakers.

Transcriptome analysis of high mortality phenomena in polyploid fish embryos: An allotriploid embryo case study in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)

Triploidization of diploid fish is an ideal means for achieving polyploid breeding. During the preparation of allotriploid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂), the allotriploid embryos (T) had a much higher morality from the high blastula to middle gastrula stage compared to the normal hybrid diploids (D). Therefore, the internal regulation of gene expression in allotriploid fertilized grouper eggs was explored by comparing the transcriptional profiles of T and D mapped at the high blastula (1), middle gastrula (2), and crystal (3) stages using the Illumina RNA-seq technology. There were 2357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) found only in T1_vs_T2 and 1585 DEGs found only in T2_vs_T3. According to the GO functional enrichment analysis, when T developed from the high blastula to middle gastrula stage (i.e., pre-embryonic development; T1_vs_T2), the DEGs showed significant enrichment in terms associated with the cell cycle and cytoskeleton, indicating that cell proliferation was inhibited. KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs showed significant enrichment in mRNA processing and translation and in pathways associated with programmed cell death (PCD). Cell differentiation can trigger PCD and the combined effects of up-regulated ripk1, dnm1l, pgam5, Slc25a5, and vdac1 expression and down-regulated fadd expression during pre-embryonic development may have been the main cause of mass mortality in embryos up until the middle gastrula stage. A two-by-two comparison of D2_vs_T2 DEGs at the middle gastrula stage to the aforementioned DEGs expressed only in T revealed that the Parp4 and pole were down-regulated in the pre-development of T, which might lead to decreased DNA repair efficiency. These results could have reflected either (1) the altered physiological state of the cells due to cold-shock treatment or (2) the sensitivity of pre-embryonic development to an elevated number of chromosomes, which induced disrupted gene expression and abnormal cell division. In conclusion, the above study helps explain why allotriploid grouper exhibit high mortality at the middle gastrula stage, improves our understanding of the regulation of triploid embryo development, and provides basic information for reducing mortality at the middle gastrula stage.