High Mechanical Properties Research Articles

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Co-Cr Dental Alloys Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Evaluation of Quenching and Annealing as Heat Treatment Methods.

Residual stresses and anisotropic structures characterize laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) products due to rapid thermal changes during fabrication, potentially leading to microcracking and lower strength. Post-heat treatments are crucial for enhancing mechanical properties. Numerous dental technology laboratories worldwide are adopting the new technologies but must invest considerable time and resources to refine them for specific requirements. Our research can assist researchers in identifying thermal processes that enhance the mechanical properties of dental Co-Cr alloys. In this study, high cooling rates (quenching) and annealing after quenching were evaluated for L-PBF Co-Cr dental alloys. Cast samples (standard manufacturing method) were tested as a second reference material. Tensile strength, Vickers hardness, microstructure characterization, and phase identification were performed. Significant differences were found among the L-PBF groups and the cast samples. The lowest tensile strength (707 MPa) and hardness (345 HV) were observed for cast Starbond COS. The highest mechanical properties (1389 MPa, 535 HV) were observed for the samples subjected to the water quenching and reheating methods. XRD analysis revealed that the face-centered cubic (FCC) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phases are influenced by the composition and heat treatment. Annealing after quenching improved the microstructure homogeneity and increased the HCP content. L-PBF techniques yielded superior mechanical properties compared to traditional casting methods, offering efficiency and precision. Future research should focus on fatigue properties.

Oxidation behavior and mechanical properties of a directionally solidified high Nb TiAl based alloy between 800 °C and 900 °C

The high temperature oxidation behavior and mechanical property response of a directionally solidified Ti-46Al-7Nb-0.4W-0.6Cr-0.1B alloy were investigated. The ultimate tensile strength of the alloy at 800 °C, 850 °C and 900 °C are 647 MPa, 590 MPa and 508 MPa, respectively, and the tensile fracture mode changed from brittle cleavage fracture to micro-void accumulation ductile fracture. At lower temperatures Al2O3 forms first, growing along the γ lamellae to form oxide bands aligned with the lamellar orientation. The oxidation mass gain of the alloy after 900 °C/100 h isothermal oxidation is only 0.91 mg/cm2. The oxidation kinetics results show the microalloyed high Nb TiAl alloy has excellent oxidation resistance, which is due to the formation of a TiO2 layer containing Nb, Cr and W, the AlNb2 phase and an Al/Cr rich transition layer above the directionally solidified lamellar matrix.

The Influence of Er and Zr on the Microstructure and Durability of the Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg Alloy Containing 7 wt.% of Mg.

Al-Mg alloys are characterized by permanent solid solution hardening and can additionally be work-hardened. The high mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content obtained after plastic deformation processes decrease over time. The addition of minor alloying elements like Er or Zr is an alternative method to improve the durability of mechanical properties and increase the strength of Al-Mg alloys due to densely and evenly distributed dispersoids being formed. In this paper, Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content (7 wt.%) and Zr and Er micro-alloying elements and their influence on the microstructure and durability of the mechanical properties were examined. The cast ingots of AlMg7 alloys were characterized by a smooth surface without cracks. The plastic deformation process in a static compression test resulted in an about 60 HBW increase in the Brinell hardness of all the deformed alloys relative to casting. It was revealed that the addition of Er and Zr significantly improved the mechanical properties and durability of the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg after annealing. The addition of Er or Zr slightly restrained the decrease in the Brinell hardness after annealing but did not inhibit it.

Fabrication of a Polyglycolic Acid Porous Microneedle Array Patch Using the Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation Method for Body Fluid Extraction

ABSTRACTTraditional blood sampling is essential for early diagnosis and subsequent analysis, but the methods using hypodermic needles are painful and burdensome. Recently, a minimally invasive approach utilizing porous microneedles has been developed and various porous microneedle array patches (MAPs) composed of biodegradable polymers have been investigated. To address issues about low mechanical strength and liquid absorption with porous MAPs, we used polyglycolic acid (PGA) as it is a biodegradable and hydrophilic polymer with high mechanical properties. In this study, we established a nonsolvent‐induced phase separation (NIPS) method for the fabrication of PGA porous MAPs, as the porous MAPs can be fabricated by simply immersing the molds injected with PGA‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) solution in nonsolvents. We achieved the maximum liquid absorption rate of 16 ± 8.2 × 10−2 µL/min per one microneedle using the PGA porous MAPs fabricated by using ethanol as nonsolvent and PGA concentration of 10% (w/w). Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of porous MAPs fabricated using PGA material as well as its characteristics regarding the structural and mechanical properties of PGA MAPs, with potential as a diagnostic device to substitute conventional hypodermic needles for interstitial fluid (ISF) sampling and diagnosis.

Efficiency of caoutchouc concrete with technogenic waste: Review

One of the directions of modern technological development of the construction industry is the focus on energy efficiency and sustainability. Mankind and its economic activities over the past century have led to serious pollution of our planet with a variety of industrial waste. Technogenic waste, as well as waste from renovation, are widely used as part of building materials, in this regard, the material called “Green concrete” has found wide application. However, elements of structures are often affected by force and environmental conditions which prevent the utilization of cement composites. A promising and actual way to solve this problem is to make such structures from composite materials, for example, polymer concrete - materials in which polymers of various nature are used as a binder. For expanding the range of polymer compositions used in construction, a polymer concrete based on liquid caoutchouc or rubber was developed, which has high strength characteristics, high resistance to aggressive environments, etc. The purpose of this review paper is to demonstrate that polymer concretes are promising building materials in terms of waste utilization in their composition due to the high filling capacity of the mixture. In particular, this study will determine the place in the construction industry of such a material as caoutchouc concrete, the newest of polymer concretes, which has a high potential for the utilization of various types of waste while maintaining high mechanical properties. As this takes placer, a comparative analysis of materials similar to caoutchouc concrete, which include difficult-to-recycle components, is carried out, and an assessment is made of the potential of caoutchouc concrete in waste disposal. It was revealed that caoutchouc concrete up to 89.8% can consist of production waste.

Calcium alginate/Polyaniline double network aerogel electrode for compressible and high electrochemical performance integrated supercapacitors

As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent performance. However, the current electrode materials have limited specific surface area and cannot meet the needs of high energy storage. The aerogel material is a 3D network structure containing interconnected micro-nano structures, and also has hierarchical pores on the micro, meso and macro scales. The microporous and mesoporous structures can provide high specific surface area, while the macropores provide channels for the entry of active substances. In this study, calcium alginate (CA)/polyaniline (PANI)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) aerogels based on double network structure with high mechanical property and excellent electrochemical performance are successfully constructed by sol-gel method. Due to the double network structure, the CA/PANI/RGO aerogel exhibits self-supported 3D porous network structures with high surface areas (330.3 m2/g). CA/PANI/RGO composite aerogel electrode shows high specific capacitance (908 F/g at 1 A/g) and excellent rate performance. The initial capacitance of more than 80 % can be maintained after 10,000 times of charge/discharge cycle test. Most importantly, the assembled flexible solid-state supercapacitor has high specific capacitance (885 F/g at 1 A/g) and mechanical flexibility (92.6 % of the capacitance retention after 1000 bending cycles).

Nacre-Inspired Nanocomposites from Natural Polypeptide ε-Poly-l-Lysine and Natural Clay Montmorillonite: Remarkable Reinforcing Effect at Low Polymer Content and Its Mechanism.

Nanocomposites composed of the cationic polypeptide ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) and natural sodium montmorillonite (MMT) were prepared and evaluated. These MMT/ε-PL composites formed highly ordered nanostructures resembling natural nacreous layers by a simple process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed that a small amount of ε-PL remarkably enhanced the MMT orientation in the composites. This MMT orientation-enhancing effect of ε-PL was more pronounced than that of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), which is one of the most popular ingredients of MMT-based composites. The orientation enhancement provided by ε-PL was primarily driven by ionic interactions and responsible for high mechanical properties at low polymer content. This remarkable reinforcing effect of ε-PL on MMT at a low polymer content will help to develop high-performance and sustainable nacreous composites. In addition, it improves our understanding of the reinforcing mechanism of natural nacre, which exhibits excellent mechanical properties even with relatively small amounts of organic component.

Robust self-healing capacity and high mechanical properties of castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane based on “kill two birds with one stone” strategy

Achieving ideal combination of high self-healing efficiency and good mechanical properties is of significance for the breakthrough in the application of self-healing materials. Herein, the functionalized castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane (DA-CWPU) was constructed based on “killing two birds with one stone” molecular design strategy with the addition of self-healing monomer D-A adduct. Firstly, D-A adduct containing flexible D-A bonds and rigid ring structure was prepared by D-A reaction with furfuryl alcohol (FA) and bismaleimide (BMI) as raw materials, which could not only effectively enhanced the self-healing ability of the material, but also ensured the strong mechanical properties. Then, DA-CWPU emulsion with favourable self-healing and mechanical properties was synthesized by the polymerization of castor oil (CO), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and D-A adduct. The DA-CWPU film has preferable self-healing efficiency (93 % at 100 °C for 50 min), unique shape memory effect (rehabilitate after heating at 100 °C for 45 s), good toughness (485 MJ/m3), strong tensile strength (5.96 MPa) and sufficient elongation (115 %). At the same time, the self-healing DA-CWPU film can be recycled through solution casting. The sustainable castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane can be used as finishing agents for leather products, which realizes repeatedly self-healing in case of surface damage, greatly increasing the service life of the material and mechanical properties, providing a new approach for the development of mechanically robust self-healing materials.

Engineered Protein Fibers with Reinforced Mechanical Properties Via β-Sheet High-Order Assembly.

Protein fibers are ideal alternatives to synthetic polymers due to their unique mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and sustainability. However, engineering biomimetic protein fibers with high mechanical properties remains challenging, particularly in mimicking the high molecular weight of natural proteins and regulating their complex hierarchical structures. Here, a modular design and multi-scale assembly strategy is developed to manufacture robust protein fibers using low- or medium-molecular-weight proteins. The distinct functional and structural properties of flexible, rigid, and cross-linked domains in modular proteins are skillfully harnessed. By regulating the ratio of rigid to flexible domains, the formation of high-order β-sheet crystals aligned along the fiber axis is promoted, enhancing both strength and toughness. Furthermore, the dynamic imine cross-linking network, formed by the aldehyde-amine condensation reaction of the cross-linked domains, further reinforces the protein fibers. Remarkably, fibers spun from modular proteins significantly smaller than natural spidroin exhibit outstanding mechanical properties, surpassing those of protein fibers with same or even higher molecular weights. This strategy offers a promising pathway for fabricating protein fibers suitable for diverse applications.

Role of Mo and Zr Additions in Enhancing the Behavior of New Ti–Mo Alloys for Implant Materials

AbstractThe utilization of Ti–Mo alloys in biomedical applications has gained attention for use in biomedical applications owing to their non-toxicity, reasonable cost, and favorable properties. In the present study, Ti–12Mo–6Zr and Ti–15Mo–6Zr alloys were prepared using elemental blend and mechanical alloying techniques. The effect of alloying elements Mo and Zr of Ti–Mo alloy, as well as the effect of fabrication techniques of Ti–Mo–Zr trinary alloys, were investigated. Thermodynamic calculations supported by CALPHAD analysis revealed that the addition of Zr increases lattice distortion, which contributes to enhancing the strength. Conversely, adding Mo decreases the enthalpy, facilitating improved mixing and solid solution formation. The as-sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscopy, and their microhardness, compressive, and corrosion behavior were investigated. Among all the investigated alloys, Ti–15Mo–6Zr alloy prepared by the mechanical alloying technique, milled for six hours at 300 rpm, compacted at 600 MPa, and sintered at 1250 ℃, shows good comprehensive mechanical properties with a preferable compressive strength (− 1710 MPa) and hardness (396 HV5), as well as the lowest wear rate (0.69%) and corrosion rate (0.557 × 10–3 mm/year). This can be related to the solid solution strengthening and relative density, together with dispersion and precipitation strengthening of the α phase. Remarkably, the combination of high mechanical and corrosion properties can be achieved by tailoring the content of the α phase, controlling the density, and providing new fabricating techniques for β Ti alloys. Graphical Abstract

Effects of Thermal Variables of Solidification on the Microstructure and Hardness of the Manganese Bronze Alloy Cu-24Zn-6Al-4Mn-3Fe

The Cu-24Zn-6Al-4Mn-3Fe alloy is mainly used for the manufacture of sliding bushings in the agricultural sector due to its high mechanical properties in the cast state. Understanding how the casting thermal parameters affect the microstructure and impact the properties of alloys is fundamental to optimizing manufacturing processes and improving performance during their application. In this study, the Cu-24Zn-6Al-4Mn-3Fe alloy was unidirectionally solidified under non-steady heat flow conditions using a water-cooled graphite base for heat exchange. Seven points were monitored along the longitudinal region of this ingot, and the data to obtain the solidification variables were extracted using an acquisition system. The cooling rates varied from 4.50 °C/s to 0.22 °C/s from the closest to the furthest position from the heat extraction point. The microstructure was analyzed via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction in order to characterize the phases and intermetallic elements present in the material. The mechanical properties were evaluated through hardness and microhardness tests throughout longitudinal extension of the solidified part. The results showed an increase in hardness and microhardness with a decrease in the cooling rate, which may be related to the increase in size and the κ phase fraction with a decrease in the cooling rate, as analyzed via optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, in all positions, there was no significant change in the amount of the α phase retained, with the matrix being mainly composed of the β phase and a small content of approximately 2% of the α phase.

Electrochemical in-situ lithiated Li2SiO3 layer promote high performance silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries

Si anode is considered to be one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the severe volume variation of Si (> 300%) during the lithiation/delithiation process results in unstable interface and thus contributes to poor cycling stability. Moreover, the relatively low conductivity derived from the semiconductor nature of Si leads to inferior rate performance. Herein, Li2SiO3 layer with fast lithium-ions transport capability and high mechanical property was formed on Si surface in an in-situ electrochemical method. The relationships between the valence of SiOx and LixSiOy constituents were readily studied. Fortunately, the as-prepared Si@ES-LSO showed great potential to mitigate the expansion and high lithium-ions diffusion coefficient. When employed as anode materials for LIBs, the modified Si anode delivered a specific capacity of 2074.8 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 with a retention ratio of 98.9% after 100 cycles, demonstrating superior electrochemical performance. This work provides a facial and efficient strategy for the roadmap of Si anode application.

Revisiting the effects of carbon nanotube agglomerates in cement

Agglomerates of carbon nanotube (CNT) are typically considered as defects in cement matrix, yet without a clear physiochemical picture regarding why and how. By representing CNT agglomerates with CNT sponge powders (CNTSPPs), we discovered that hydrates can precipitate in the pores of CNTSPPs to form a CNT/hydrates nanocomposite shell, the thickness and compactness of which are dependent on the curing temperature. In contrast to the detrimental effects of CNTSPPs for the samples cured under standard condition, the addition of 0.05 wt % CNTSPPs increased the 28d compressive strength by ∼16 % compared to the reference sample under steam curing condition. This is because steam curing condition significantly improves the hydrophilicity of CNTSPPs, resulting in its absorption of pore solution and calcium ions, which eventually increase the CNT/hydrates nanocomposites shell thickness and microhardness. Such nanocomposites shell with high mechanical properties can screen the negative effects of the porous inner CNTSPPs.

Co Hybrids modified piperazine pyrophosphate towards efficient flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and high mechanical properties of styrenic thermoplastic elastomer

The highly flammable nature of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) results in poor fire safety performance. The large addition of flame retardants leads to a significant decrease in mechanical properties. To solve above challenges, we design a multilayer core-shell flame retardant, piperazine pyrophosphate@ tannic acid@ Co amorphous hybrids (PAPP@TA@Co-2-MIM) and add it to TPE to enhance the fire safety and mechanical performance simultaneously. It was found that the addition of 32 wt% PAPP@TA@Co-2-MIM achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating of TPE composites, with a limiting oxygen index of 27 %. Compared to pure TPE, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, total smoke production, and peak CO release rate of TPE/PAPP@TA@Co-2-MIM were reduced by 79.8 %, 37.1 %, 42.9 %, and 82.5 %, respectively, effectively suppressing the release of heat, smoke, and toxic gases. Besides, the flame-retardant mechanism was also explained. In terms of mechanical performance, benefiting by the bridging effect of the core-shell structure, the tensile strength of TPE/PAPP@TA@Co-2-MIM increased by 52.7 %, compared to TPE/PAPP. This study designed a TPE composite material that showed good thermal stability, high fire safety performance and enhanced mechanical properties.

Nonuniversal Dynamics of Hyperbranched Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Networks by the Spontaneous Formation of Nanoparticles.

Various transient and permanent bonds are commonly combined in increasingly complex hierarchical structures to achieve biomimetic functions, along with high mechanical properties. However, there is a traditional trade-off between mechanical strength and biological functions like self-healing. To fill this gap, we develop a metallo-supramolecular polymer hydrogel based on the hyperbranched poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) backbone and phenanthroline ligands, which have unexpectedly high plateau modulus at low concentrations. Rheological measurements demonstrate nonuniversal metal-ion-specific dynamics, with significantly larger plateau moduli, longer relaxation times, and stronger temperature dependencies, compared to equivalent networks based on model-type telechelic precursors, which cannot be explained by the theory of linear viscoelasticity. TEM images reveal the in situ mineralization of metal ions, which nucleate by the ligand complexation and grow thanks to the spontaneous reducing effect of the PEI backbone. Evidently, the complex lifetime works against Ostwald ripening, resulting in the formation of thermodynamically stable smaller particles. This trend is followed by time-dependent network buildup measurements and is confirmed by a kinetic model for particle formation and aggregation. The spontaneous formation of particles with complex lifetime-dependent sizes can explain the nonuniversal dynamics through the interaction of polymer segments and particles at the nanoscale. This work describes how the polymer backbone can affect the strength and stability of supramolecular bonds, promising for combining high mechanical properties and self-healing comparable to natural tissues.

Electrochemical Machining of Micro-Pit Arrays on a GH4169 Alloy with a Roll-Print Mask Using a C6H5Na3O7-Containing NaNO3 Mixed Electrolyte.

GH4169 alloy, a nickel-based superalloy known for its excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and high-temperature tribological properties, is widely used in industrial applications, such as in gas turbines for space shuttles and rocket engines. This study addresses the issue of electrolyte product residue in the electrochemical machining process of a GH4169 alloy by utilizing a C6H5Na3O7-containing NaNO3 new mixed electrolyte. Comparative investigations of the electrochemical behavior and electrolyte product removal mechanisms at different concentrations of C6H5Na3O7 additive in NaNO3 solutions were conducted. The effects of additives, applied voltage, and the rotating speed of the cathode tool on the processing performance of micro-pit arrays on a GH4169 alloy were analyzed. The results indicate that the mixed solution containing C6H5Na3O7 significantly improves the localization and geometric morphology of the micro-pits compared to a single NaNO3 solution. The optimal electrochemical machining parameters were identified as 0.5 wt% C6H5Na3O7 + 10 wt% NaNO3 mixed electrolyte, 12 V applied voltage, and 0.1 r/min rotating speed of the cathode tool. Under these conditions, high-quality micro-pit arrays with an average diameter of 405.85 μm, an average depth of 87.5 μm, and an etch factor (EF) of 1.67 were successfully fabricated, exhibiting excellent morphology, localization, and consistency.

Bio-derived epoxy thermosets incorporating imine linkages: Towards sustainable and advanced polymer materials

In the search for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives, Schiff-based epoxy thermosets are emerging as a promising strategy due to the inherent dynamic and reversible nature of their imine functional groups, which enables thermal reprocessability and chemical recyclability. This article explores the synthesis of Schiff-based epoxy thermosets using sustainable approaches. Starting from vanillin or syringaldehyde, the synthesis involves the incorporation of imine linkages into the epoxy network. A new strategy has been employed by self-polymerization without the use of additional curing agents. This approach conducts to novel thermosets with superior material properties that exceed those reported in previous studies. Thermo-mechanical investigations showed that the designed thermosets have high mechanical properties, with storage moduli at room temperature ranging between 1.5–2.2 GPa, and glass transition values between 138 and 249 °C. Thermal analyses allowed to evaluate the Limit Oxygen Index (LOI) which ranged from 33 % to 36 %, demonstrating excellent flame-retardant properties without the addition of supplementary additives. Their reduced density (0.74–1.09 g/cm3) makes them suitable for applications where weight considerations are critical. These results obtained results place the designed Schiff-based materials as promising candidates for a wide range of high-end applications, particularly in industries that prioritize eco-friendly processes and materials.

High thermal and mechanical properties of carbon fiber network reinforced copper matrix composites achieved by configuration design and interface engineering

Constructing three-dimensional (3D) fillers within the matrix represents a highly promising strategy for achieving excellent comprehensive performance. In this study, the possibility of implementing 3D network configuration in carbon fiber/copper (CF/Cu) composites is explored. A novel composite structure was developed through template-electrodeposition and hot-pressing sintering techniques, incorporating a 3D CF network within the Cu matrix. Additionally, tungsten carbide (WC) coating was applied to the CF surface using molten salt method. Research findings indicate that the 3D CF networks establish continuous heat flow channels within the Cu matrix, while the WC coating mitigates the interfacial thermal resistance by improving CF-Cu interface bonding. The 3D-CF(WC)/Cu composite obtained through the synergistic strengthening of configuration design and interface engineering exhibits excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The thermal conductivity (TC), coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and bending strength of the 3D-CF(WC)/Cu composite in the in-plane direction are 457.4 ± 9.0 W m−1 K−1, 6.9 ± 0.4 × 10−6 K−1, and 281.9 ± 5.2 MPa, respectively; and in the through-plane direction are 400.8 ± 8.9 W m−1 K−1, 6.1 ± 0.4 × 10−6 K−1, and 263.1 ± 5.6 MPa, respectively. This research provides a novel approach to develop carbon reinforced metal matrix thermal management composites.

EVOLUTION OF THE PRESS BONDING PROPERTIES OF Al/Cu BIMETAL BULK COMPOSITES (EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION)

Nowadays, the application of bimetallic laminates with special capabilities is increasing and has experienced high growth. These properties include high corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and lightweight. In the midst of the technologies of multilayer composite materials, accumulative press bonding (APB) as a solid-phased method of welding is one of the most common techniques for the production of multilayer composites. One of the most important aims for this choice is the press pressure, which can generate a suitable mechanical connection and strong bonding between produced metal layer components. In this study, bimetal aluminum/copper bulk composites have been fabricated via the APB technique. Then, the effect of pressing parameters such as plastic strain and the number of layers on the stress distribution has been investigated. For samples with eight layers, the shear stress between the layers reached 3.1 MPa which is a suitable condition to generate a successful bonding. The stress applied on the layers has also increased with increasing the thickness reduction ratio. The interlayer shear stresses also increase with decreeing the thickness. With a higher reduction in thickness ratios, the amount of sinking layers was greater along the entire length of the sample, which led to the crushing of copper layers. During the APB process at higher pressing passes, increasing the volume of virgin material in the direction of the press led to increasing the compaction and better bonding of Al and Cu layers to each other.

The evaluation of the aging process in 15-5 PH materials in terms of formability and microstructure

In this study, the effects of aging heat treatment of 15-5 PH stainless steel material on the mechanical properties, microstructure, and formability were investigated. Instead of cooling in air, cooling in the oven spontaneously was applied in the oven for the first time. Experimental studies show that aging heat treatment was applied for H900, H1025, and H1150 conditions at temperatures of 482 °C, 552 °C, and 621 °C, respectively, and 60 min for H900 and 240 min for H1025 and H1150. It has been observed that controlled cooling in the oven increases the mechanical values of the material obtained by cooling in the air by 8%–10%. The microstructures of the conditions after heat treatment were also examined, and it was observed that the cooling aging heat treatment in the oven caused precipitation hardening in the microstructure of the material. In addition, when evaluating the formability of the results using V-bending, it was observed that materials which could not withstand bending beyond 75° in Condition A (Con A), the initial state of the material, were smoothly shaped in all conditions and at all angles as a result of the cooling process in the oven. A decrease in spring-back angles has been detected due to the decrease in mechanical properties caused by increasing aging temperature. The highest spring-back value was also observed on a 75° bending die with 10.948° in the H900 condition which has the highest mechanical properties.