This research is based on the low level of Indonesian students mathematical literacy test released by PISA in 2015. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of Realistic Mathematics Education Approach and the earlymathematical ability to mathematical literacy in statistical materials. This research uses group design by level 2 x 2. This study was conducted in students of class VIII. The result of this research shows that there is influence of Realistic Mathematics Education Approach and early mathematical ability to mathematical literacy on statistical matter. Beside that, the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach not only increases mathematical literacy in students with high early mathematical skills, but also in students with low early mathematical abilities.