High Level Of Attention Research Articles

Advances in Forest Management Research in the Context of Carbon Neutrality: A Bibliometric Analysis

Climate change has become a threat to humanity, and achieving carbon neutrality is a worldwide objective. Forests are significant natural carbon sinks; forest ecosystems are one of the effective ways to mitigate climate change, and professional management may effectively contribute to achieving carbon neutrality goals. Using the bibliometrix R-package in R and CiteSpace for bibliometric analysis of research areas from general statistics and knowledge base perspectives, this study systematically reviewed the status, evolution, and research hotspots of forest management in the context of carbon neutrality based on 6112 papers published in this research area between 2002 and 2022. The results revealed: (1) The research on forest management in the context of carbon neutrality has rapidly developed with a high level of attention between 2002–2022. Furthermore, this field of research has become a well-established discipline. (2) Throughout the research history, there were five main research hotspots, which were the function of forest carbon sinks, scientific and rational forest management, forest ecosystem services, assessment of forest carbon sinks, and forest management models. (3) Potential future research avenues include the development of a new model of forest management in the context of carbon neutrality.

Особенности организации фестивалей ГТО в университетах Москвы

The relevance of this study is due to the high level of attention of the state policy in the field of physical culture and sports (PC&S), namely in the part of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex “Ready for Labor and Defense” (VFSK GTO). According to the development strategy of PC&S for the period up to 2030 (the program “Priority – 2030”), the VFSK GTO is given an increasingly significant role in improving the level of physical activity and fitness level of the population. The purpose of the study is to determine the scheme of cooperation between educational institutions of higher education and the Testing Centers of the GTO “Mosgorsport” of Moskomsport, the effectiveness of holding multi-day GTO Festivals at universities for students and teachers, the advisability of organizing academic and independent classes in physical culture in accordance with the types of VFSK GTO tests of the VI–X levels. The hypothesis of the study is that the organization by the university of its own GTO festivals, held by the departments of physical education in conjunction with the GTO Testing Centers “Mosgorsport” of Moskomsport, can significantly increase the number of students involved in the implementation of the GTO standards, and in addition, which is also important, leads to an increase in the number of badges GTO (students with various insignia of the VFSK GTO). The study examined official statistics, current regulatory and legal documents, as well as information from pedagogical research conducted among students of universities in Moscow. In the course of the analysis, key positions that determine the possibility of holding GTO Festivals in educational institutions of higher education were identified. The study involved an analysis of international experience in the development of university sports and the study of existing models. A feature of the study is the consideration of the issue of organizing and holding GTO Festivals in educational institutions of higher education, taking into account the peculiarities of organizing the educational process in the discipline of physical culture.

Bone Remodeling Interaction with Magnesium Alloy Implants Studied by SEM and EDX.

The development direction of bioresorbable fixing structures is currently very relevant because it corresponds to the priority areas in worldwide biotechnology development. Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys are gaining high levels of attention due to their promising potential use as the basis for fixating structures. These alloys can be an alternative to non-degradable metal implants in orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery, and veterinary medicine. In our study, we formulated a Mg-2Zn-2Ga alloy, prepared pins, and analyzed their biodegradation level based on SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray analysis) after carrying out an experimental study on rats. We assessed the resorption parameters 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. In general, the biodegradation process was characterized by the systematic development of newly formed bone tissue. Our results showed that Mg-2Zn-2Ga magnesium alloys are suitable for clinical applications.

Decarbonization of Heat through Low-Temperature Waste Heat Recovery: Proposal of a Tool for the Preliminary Evaluation of Technologies in the Industrial Sector

In an industrial energy scenario increasingly focused on decarbonization and energy cost containment, waste heat is a resource that is no longer negligible. Despite the great abundance of waste heat, its recognized potential, and numerous technologies available for its use, the rate of waste heat recovery (WHR) is still low, especially at low temperatures (<230 °C). Non-technological barriers, such as the lack of knowledge and support tools, strongly limit the diffusion of WHR technologies. The work presented in this paper aims to overcome non-technological gaps by developing a simple and operational tool that can support companies in the preliminary stages of evaluating a WHR application. The methodology followed involved the development of specific data-based models for WHR technology sizing by correlating waste heat input characteristics with dimensional and economic parameters of the technologies evaluated. We considered the most representative technologies in the WHR scenario: organic Rankine cycles for electric power generation, heat pumps for thermal power generation, absorption chillers for cooling generation, and plate heat exchangers for low-temperature heat exchange applications. One of the significant strengths of the tool is that it was developed using real and hard-to-find technologies performance and cost data mainly collected through continuous interactions with WHR technology providers. Moreover, the interaction with the technology providers allowed contextualization and validation of the tool in the field. In addition, the tool was applied to three large companies operating in the Italian industrial sector to test its effectiveness. The tool applications made it possible to propose cost-effective solutions that the companies had not considered before, despite the high level of attention with which they were already approaching energy efficiency improvements. The result obtained demonstrates the applicability and innovativeness of the tool.

Effect of outdoor games among school children in Northern Gujarat, India.

Outdoor play works as an important tool for the children education. Providing a natural learning environment for children helps them to have an active and fulfilling life. Also, higher levels of attention and well-being are promoted when children play in green outdoor spaces. The importance of play for children's healthy development is grounded in a strong body of research. The study used an experimental research methodology, and data was obtained from 60 school-aged children using a purposive sample strategy and a checklist. The mean, standard deviation, and chi square test were used to analyze the data. After giving act out method, majority (85%) of the school age children had adequate knowledge, 15% of the school children had moderate knowledge regarding outdoor games and its importance. In data analysis the mean of pretest score was 6.43 and mean of post test score was 15.88. The mean difference was 9.45. Post test mean was more than pretest mean, which indicate the effectiveness of actout method on deficiency of outdoor game among school children. The standard deviation of pretest knowledge score was 3.9; the post test knowledge score was 2.47. The computed 't' value was 16.1, the DF was 59, and the P value was 1.67, all of which are significant. Religion, monthly income, and the age of the children all had an impact on the calculated chi square value. According to the findings of this study, the act out method was successful in boosting understanding about the lack of outdoor games among school-aged children.

Effect of facemask use on cognitive function during a maximal running aerobic fitness test.

Background: The aim of the present randomized, crossover study was to determine the physiological and cognitive function responses while wearing a facemask during a maximal running aerobic fitness test. Methods: Fourteen healthy, nonsmoking physical education students (age = 17.5 years, height = 1.72 m, body mass = 70.4 kg) volunteered to participate in this study. They carried out a 20 m multistage fitness test (MSFT) while wearing or not a cloth facemask on two separate occasions performed in random order. The “Rating of Perceived Exertion” (RPE) and the d2 test for visual attention were administered and assessed before and immediately after the MSFT for both conditions (with or without a facemask). Results: When wearing the facemask, the participants exhibited lower maximal aerobic speed (p = 0.039), VO2max (p = 0.039), distance covered during the MSFT (p = 0.057), and concentration performance (p < 0.001), when compared with the control situation (without facemask). Moreover, they made more errors compared with the control condition (p = 0.021). The use of a cloth facemask during maximal endurance running tests (such as the MSFT) reduced VO2max, and measures of cognitive performance as assessed by the test of focused visual attention (the d2 test). This data suggests avoiding using a cloth facemask during maximal aerobic fitness tests, and before any tasks that require a high level of visual attention.

Micro-Expression Recognition Using Uncertainty-Aware Magnification-Robust Networks.

A micro-expression (ME) is a kind of involuntary facial expressions, which commonly occurs with subtle intensity. The accurately recognition ME, a. k. a. micro-expression recognition (MER), has a number of potential applications, e.g., interrogation and clinical diagnosis. Therefore, the subject has received a high level of attention among researchers in affective computing and pattern recognition communities. In this paper, we proposed a straightforward and effective deep learning method called uncertainty-aware magnification-robust networks (UAMRN) for MER, which attempts to address two key issues in MER including the low intensity of ME and imbalance of ME samples. Specifically, to better distinguish subtle ME movements, we reconstructed a new sequence by magnifying the ME intensity. Furthermore, a sparse self-attention (SSA) block was implemented which rectifies the standard self-attention with locality sensitive hashing (LSH), resulting in the suppression of artefacts generated during magnification. On the other hand, for the class imbalance problem, we guided the network optimization based on the confidence about the estimation, through which the samples from rare classes were allotted greater uncertainty and thus trained more carefully. We conducted the experiments on three public ME databases, i.e., CASME II, SAMM and SMIC-HS, the results of which demonstrate improvement compared to recent state-of-the-art MER methods.

Effects of Mucilage on Safety Navigation in the Turkish Straits

Mucilage, which has surrounded the Marmara Sea and the Turkish Straits in particular for the last few months, is a gel-like and slippery mass of microorganisms that are mostly clumped together and cover large areas, consisting of proteins, carbohydrates, and fatty acids released out of the body by single-celled organisms under stressful environmental conditions. Although the Turkish Straits sea area is the waterway connecting the Caspian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, it is essential to transition for marine species. The mucilage effect on the filtration of the ship systems is caused by the seawater used by the ship's cooling systems during the passage through the straits. Due to the protection of local and global sea areas, a high level of attention is needed, especially on significant waterways located on the transit route of ships moving to many ports of the world serving global transportation such as the Turkish Straits. The study is trying to describe Mucilage's effects on ships during sailing at the Turkish Straits.

The relationship between family quality of life, mindful attention, and social support in families of people with autism spectrum disorder

Background: In families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the added difficulties they face may influence their perception of family quality of life (FQoL). It is important to identify factors which foster their perceived wellbeing and are susceptible to intervention. Our aim was to explore the association between mindful attention and FQoL in these families controlling their perceived social support. Method: Ninety-six parents of people with ASD were evaluated using the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Support Questionnaire for Parents with Children with Disability, and the Spanish Family Quality of Life Scale for families with underage members with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that high levels of mindful attention positively predicted FQoL after controlling the influence of social support. Conclusions: Practical implications are discussed in terms of family support interventions. We conclude that mindful attention interventions may be useful for families with children and adolescents with ASD to improve their FQoL.

A Model of Semantic Completion in Generative Episodic Memory

Many studies have suggested that episodic memory is a generative process, but most computational models adopt a storage view. In this article, we present a model of the generative aspects of episodic memory. It is based on the central hypothesis that the hippocampus stores and retrieves selected aspects of an episode as a memory trace, which is necessarily incomplete. At recall, the neocortex reasonably fills in the missing parts based on general semantic information in a process we call semantic completion. The model combines two neural network architectures known from machine learning, the vector-quantized variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE) and the pixel convolutional neural network (PixelCNN). As episodes, we use images of digits and fashion items (MNIST) augmented by different backgrounds representing context. The model is able to complete missing parts of a memory trace in a semantically plausible way up to the point where it can generate plausible images from scratch, and it generalizes well to images not trained on. Compression as well as semantic completion contribute to a strong reduction in memory requirements and robustness to noise. Finally, we also model an episodic memory experiment and can reproduce that semantically congruent contexts are always recalled better than incongruent ones, high attention levels improve memory accuracy in both cases, and contexts that are not remembered correctly are more often remembered semantically congruently than completely wrong. This model contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between episodic memory and semantic information in the generative process of recalling the past.

Using EEG to investigate the influence of boredom on prospective memory in top-down and bottom-up processing mechanisms for intelligent interaction

We aimed to investigate the alpha (α) activity in operators experiencing boredom while performing prolonged monitoring and prospective memory tasks using different processing mechanisms. Fifty-four participants underwent electroencephalography (EEG) and were found to have poorer prospective memory performance under top-down conditions. Further, α power and synchronisation were higher during bottom-up than in top-down processes, revealing an inhibition effect of the former. Significant differences in brain regions and hemispheres were identified to distinguish different cognitive processes in both information-processing mechanisms. Thus, people are likely to cope with boredom differently in terms of top-down and bottom-up processes. Specifically, a higher attention level was reported during top-down processing, to mitigate the negative influences of boredom. Overall, this study provides EEG evidence which suggests that prospective memory can be enhanced in top-down processing during prolonged monitoring tasks by increasing the salience of cues.

What determines the mean reversion speed of NAV spreads?

ABSTRACT In this paper, we study the mean reversion behaviour of NAV spreads for a global sample of 219 listed real estate stocks. We find NAV spreads for companies trading at a high discount to mean revert fastest. Remarkably, we also provide evidence that online search attention impacts the mean reversion speed of NAV spreads: Stocks with lower levels of online search attention mean-revert significantly faster than those with higher levels. Our global research setting allows us to show that a country’s average NAV spread has an impact on the NAV spreads of individual stocks. Ultimately, we find that the NAV spread of companies receiving high levels of online search attention has a disproportionately high impact on the NAV spreads of other companies.

The Effect of Exogenous Critical Events on the Mobilization of Digital Social Movements

We study the effect of exogenous critical events on the mobilization of digital social movements in the context of Finnish citizens’ initiatives. Critical events are occurrences that direct unusual and high levels of public attention to an issue for a brief and limited point in time. We argue that critical events mobilize social movements because they focus attention on movement issues, trigger activating emotions, and synchronize the actions of activists. Our study combines data from the Finnish justice ministry, the national public broadcasting agency YLE, Google Trends search interest data, and hand-collected data from online sources for a sample of 573 initiatives. We find that critical events greatly increase the mobilization of supporters for initiatives. Critical events increase mobilization especially when events are unpredicted or stay salient for longer times. Media attention and coalition resources also increase mobilization. Our findings suggest that timing can substitute for coalition resources. The combination of critical events and high coalition resources is rare as only small coalitions seem to be quick enough to mobilize in response to critical events. The results imply that timing matters but that it is difficult for large and well-resourced coalitions to time campaigns opportunistically.

Collision Detection and Avoidance for Underwater Vehicles Using Omnidirectional Vision.

Exploration of marine habitats is one of the key pillars of underwater science, which often involves collecting images at close range. As acquiring imagery close to the seabed involves multiple hazards, the safety of underwater vehicles, such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), is often compromised. Common applications for obstacle avoidance in underwater environments are often conducted with acoustic sensors, which cannot be used reliably at very short distances, thus requiring a high level of attention from the operator to avoid damaging the robot. Therefore, developing capabilities such as advanced assisted mapping, spatial awareness and safety, and user immersion in confined environments is an important research area for human-operated underwater robotics. In this paper, we present a novel approach that provides an ROV with capabilities for navigation in complex environments. By leveraging the ability of omnidirectional multi-camera systems to provide a comprehensive view of the environment, we create a 360° real-time point cloud of nearby objects or structures within a visual SLAM framework. We also develop a strategy to assess the risk of obstacles in the vicinity. We show that the system can use the risk information to generate warnings that the robot can use to perform evasive maneuvers when approaching dangerous obstacles in real-world scenarios. This system is a first step towards a comprehensive pilot assistance system that will enable inexperienced pilots to operate vehicles in complex and cluttered environments.

Hardwiring antimicrobial resistance mitigation into global policy.

In the wake of COVID-19, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become termed the ‘silent pandemic’, with a growing number of editorials warning that international momentum for AMR mitigation is being lost amidst the global turmoil of COVID-19, economic crises and the climate emergency. Yet, is it sufficient to now simply turn the volume of the pre-existing AMR policy discourse back up? Although existing AMR initiatives have previously achieved high levels of international attention, their impact remains limited. We believe it is time to critically reflect on the achievements of the past 7 years and adapt our AMR policies based on the substantial literature and evidence base that exists on the socioecological drivers of AMR. We argue that developing a more sustainable and impactful response requires a shift away from framing AMR as a unique threat in competition with other global challenges. Instead, we need to move towards an approach that emphasizes AMR as inherently interlinked and consciously hardwires upstream interventions into broader global developmental agendas.

Technological Progress, Artificial Intelligence Development and Ethical Paradigms

In the historical landscape, technological discovery and development have significantly impacted human life, individually and communally. The significant impact of technological development is positive or negative depending on the influence of human vision, plans, strategies, and implementation on the design of these technological developments. Given that human-technology relations are symbiotic in the sense that it is affecting each other, or furthermore along with human-nature relations which make triadic symbiosis, ethics has a crucial role in maintaining humanity level and the stability of life, including the anticipation that technology will not become a disaster in the future. This research seeks to analyze the artificial intelligence (AI) development in Indonesia, one of the developing countries with a high level of attention to technological development, by offering an ethical paradigm as its basis. This paradigm is based on three principles, namely, (1) responsibility, (2) awareness, and (3) sustainability. Against the historical-philosophical backdrop of the technological development in human life and its relationships and possibilities, the offer of the ethical paradigm is intended to be the basis for the design of AI vision, strategy, and implementation as management of all the impacts of AI development, including the positive potential.

Face Mask Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network

With the horizon still brim-full, effective efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic require a high level of attention to offset severely impacted community fitness and the global financial system. Without the potent antiviral and expensive scientific resources, WHO recommends a number of ways to limit infection rate contamination and avoid depleting the medical system's limited resources. Several of the non-pharmaceutical treatments are to wear a mask. A mask is one of the non-medical techniques that can be used to reduce the quantity of infected droplets ejected by affected individuals. Nonetheless of debates concerning clinical sources and mask variations, all countries require public use of masks that cover the nose and mouth. This project hopes to achieve a more accurate and useful method that could efficiently contribute to community fitness.

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Nutrition, Vision, and Cognition in Sport: E-Sport Gaming Athletes

ObjectivesEsports, a competitive athletic activity in which high levels of attention and cognitive performance are required, is growing across the globe. Improving Esport athlete performance, namely cognitive endurance and resilience may lie in nutritional strategies. Dairy products have been hypothesized to improve cognitive performance due to their high-quality proteins and associated bioactive peptides, lipids, electrolyte composition, vitamin D, and gut microbiota modulations with fermented dairy products. Rather than individual nutrients, dairy's balanced food matrix may contribute to improved cognition though investigations of dairy's link to Esports and cognitive performance is lacking. The Nutrition, Vision, and Cognition in Sport Studies investigate nutritional and behavioral factors that can influence cognition in 3-dimensional multiple objects tracking test (3DMOT) via NeuroTracker X software. It was hypothesized that Esport Athletes would not consume recommended dairy servings and dairy consumption would be positively associated with cognitive performance, focus and stamina as well as gaming rank/status.MethodsProfessional, elite, and experienced male and female gamers (16–36-years old) completed 10 food records and completed 20 NeuroTracker X sessions over a period of 8 days. Participants were instructed to maintain their normal eating patterns throughout the duration of the study. Physical activity and sleep data were recorded via activity trackers. Preliminary surveys were also completed regarding sleep, activity, depression risk/index, and gaming rank and status.ResultsThe average amount of dairy servings consumed per day was 0.41 servings (cup equivalents). This is below the recommended 3 cups per day. Average NeuroTracker Score for participants was 1.62. Of our 57 participants, 51% play video games daily and 33% play these games for 4 hours or less per day. 60% of participants are considered professional gamers as they play for an Esports team. The average age of the participants is 23. The correlation between dairy intake with NeuroTracker performance was not significant (p > 0.05).Conclusions Esport athletes did not consume the recommended number of dairy servings, however this did not appear to impair their NeuroTracker performance.Funding SourcesThis work is funded by Dairy MAX.

Individual differences in the experience of meta-mood and internalizing psychopathology

IntroductionEmotional competencies such as attention to emotion and emotional clarity have been extensively studied in the literature. Depending on the context, their role shows different patterns of association with emotion regulation and psychopathological states.ObjectivesIn the current study, we aim to understand when and how attention to emotion and emotional clarity are related to the co-occurrence of anxiety and depression.MethodsData were collected on attention to emotion, emotional clarity, anxiety, and depression. A sample of 258 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (M = 14.6, SD = 1.7, 54.5% girls) was examined to investigate the moderating role of attention to emotion and emotional clarity on the relationship between anxiety and depression after controlling for age, gender, and socioeconomic status.Resultsshowed that high levels of attention to emotion and low levels of emotional clarity were associated with increased risk for anxiety and depression. Balanced levels of attention to emotion and emotional clarity were also associated with increased risk for anxiety and depression. However, low levels of attention to emotion and high levels of emotional clarity showed no statistically significant association with the occurrence of anxiety and depression.ConclusionsOverall, this positive imbalance of low attention to emotion and high emotional clarity appears to be the most favorable emotional states for coping with internalizing problems, suggesting less harmful effects of attention to emotion.DisclosureNo significant relationships.