High Level Of Personal Anxiety Research Articles

Assessment of the health status in pharmaceutical workers

Introduction. Pharmaceutical workers (PW) being exposed to adverse physical, chemical, and biological factors are responsible for the performance results and experience psycho-emotional stress. This contributes to the emergence of diseases associated with professional activity, and, therefore, it is necessary to find ways to prevent them. The purpose of the study: assessment of the state of health in the pharmaceutical workers; determination of factors affecting morbidity, search for ways to preserve and strengthen the health in specialists. Materials and methods. To study the health status in PW, data were collected by using the questionnaire method, which made it possible to identify symptoms of diseases of the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, musculoskeletal, immune, genitourinary, and reproductive systems. The level of anxiety in PW was determined by the method of CD Spielberger. Results. In PW there were found symptoms of diseases of all body systems, but the greatest number of complaints were about disorders of the nervous (25.3%), digestive (18.1%), and respiratory (16.0%) systems. The majority of respondents revealed medium and high levels of situational anxiety as much as 46.7% and 36.5%, respectively. Almost half of the respondents have a high level of personal anxiety. The influence of age and work experience on the health status in PW was noted. The highest level of personal anxiety is observed in women. Situational anxiety is expressed among workers who have bad habits. Employees with high situational anxiety have more symptoms of nervous system diseases. Research limitations. A total of 107 questionnaires were evaluated, when studying the health status of PW in pharmacy organizations. Conclusion. Most PW maintain a healthy lifestyle: they do not have bad habits, follow a healthy diet, have sufficient sleep, and an active lifestyle. However, 80% noted non-compliance with the work-rest balance when performing occupational activities (working). In this regard, it is important to pay attention to the labour optimization, ensuring a favourable socio-psychological climate at work, and the use of relief techniques.

Recurrent respiratory infections in young school-age children and psychological maternal predictors

Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) in children remain a pertinent issue in modern medicine. According to literary data, the prevalence of this phenomenon can reach up to a quarter of the child population. RRIs adversely affect a child’s physical development, social adaptation, and give rise to intra-family conflicts. Purpose - to investigate the contribution of psychological predictors from the mother’s perspective in the development of recurrent courses of respiratory infections in their young school-age children. Materials and methods. The study included surveys of mothers (Spielberger-Hanin State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Varga-Stolin Parenting Attitudes Test) and their children (R. Temple, M. Dorki, E. Amen “Choose a face” projective test). The main group comprised children aged 5-7 years with RRIs according to the criteria of the 2021 Inter-Society Consensus. The control group consisted of children aged 5-7 years who experienced occasional acute respiratory infections. Results. In our study, 40 families (mothers and children) participated. We found that mothers of children with RRIs had significantly higher levels of state and trait anxiety, as well as a higher score in the “Cooperation” parenting attitude model compared to the control group. In the structure of the anxiety phenomenon in mothers of children from the main group, 43% of cases exhibited high anxiety levels. Additionally, a high score in maternal personal anxiety correlated with a predominant choice of ineffective parenting models. Conclusions. Mothers of children with a RRI have significantly higher levels of situational and personal anxiety (p<0.01). 43% of mothers of children with RRIs exhibit excessively high levels of personal anxiety. Furthermore, more anxious mothers tend to adopt the following parenting models towards their own children: “Little looser”, “Authoritarian hypersocialization” and “Rejection”. The predictive value in the development of RRIs in children is associated with the level of maternal trait anxiety and the psychological portrait of the mother-child relationship, namely the score for by the “Cooperation” model. Data collection and processing were conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association regarding ethical principles in medical research involving human subjects. The informed consent of patients was obtained for the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

The higher level of anxiety as a significant risk factor in evaluating health and social self-feeling in students of medical university

The success of adaptation of students to conditions of educational process in Medical University is determined by complex of accompanying socio-psychological factors. The level of personal anxiety determines severity of impact of these factors on psychosomatic state of student. The high level of anxiety among students in conditions of educating in Medical University can significantly and multi-componently impact their physical organism, success in teaching and social well-being. The purpose of the study is to determine prevalence of high levels of anxiety and their impact on health and social well-being of students of different genders, periods of study on budgetary and commercial basis. There is significant prevalence of high levels of personal anxiety among students of first year of education (57.0%), which tends to increase by fourth year (75.5%). The increased anxiety has significant impact on morbidity (correlation with anxiety levels τ=0.69 and τ=0.40 for men and women, respectively) and social well-being of students, their behavior and lifestyle. The female students are the most affected by anxiety factor. The belonging of students with high level of anxiety to budget or commercial group determines specificity their response to conditions of education in the Medical University. The obtained results should be used to improve efficiency of adaptation and psychological support of students in the process of education in Medical University. The high level of anxiety in students should be taken into account in preventive activities of preserving health of students as separate factor, impacting similarly with strong health risk factor on their physical organism and social well-being, considering gender and period of study on budgetary or commercial basis.

Особенности эмоционального состояния врачей, работающих и неработающих с пациентами, больными Covid-19, в контексте их индивидуально-психологических различий

<p>Since 2019, the world has faced the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the lives of almost everyone. But the greatest burden of responsibility fell on the shoulders of medical workers who have been fighting for the lives of patients in the "red zones" all this time, experiencing enormous overload and stress, and after all, everyone has limited resources to overcome difficult life situations and reacts to them in their own way. In this regard, the purpose of our work was to study the emotional state of doctors working and not working with patients with COVID-19 in the context of their individual psychological differences, such as personal anxiety, features of aggressive behavior and the presence of certain socio-psychological attitudes. The total number of study participants was 81 people aged 27 to 63 years (M=43.6; SD=8.7). As a result of the study, significant differences were revealed in the severity of situational anxiety, overstrain and counteraction to stress in groups with moderate and high levels of personal anxiety among doctors working in "red" zones. For doctors working in "clean" zones, significant differences between situational anxiety and overexertion were revealed for this parameter. The presence of significant connections of such features of aggressive behavior as aggressiveness and hostility with the severity of stress, overexertion and resistance to stress was found. Significant connections between the levels of situational anxiety, overexertion and resistance to stress and different styles of behavior in conflict situations were also revealed. In addition, the links between situational anxiety, overstrain and resistance to stress and various styles of socio-psychological attitudes were revealed.</p>

A study of the level of anxiety of future police officers

The article presents a study of situational and reactive anxiety of law enforcement cadets based on the Spielberg-Hanin test data. 60 male cadets aged 17-22 years engaged in martial arts and 60 students (of the same age) who do not engage in sports, who were included in the control group, took part in the research. The obtained results showed that 8% of the subjects of the group of future law enforcement officers had a high level of personal anxiety, 82% had an average level and 10% had a low level of situational anxiety. In the control group, in comparison with the cadets, 18% of those studied had a high level of situational anxiety. Among the cadets (future policemen) and the control group, the indicators of personal anxiety differ sufficiently according to the high-level limit indicators. Average indicators of personal anxiety in law enforcement cadets was 38.32±5.68, in the control group 28.45±4.76 (р≤0.05). Indicators of reactive anxiety: 21.65±3.28 and 26.94±3.55, respectively (р≤0.05). Practical recommendations for implementation in the educational and training process of law enforcement cadets and students have been developed.

Вплив чинників стресу на психологічну готовність військовослужбовців виконувати завдання професійної діяльності

The experience of the participation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the conduct of hostilities against the aggressor of the Russian Federation showed that the result of the execution of combat missions by units depends, first of all, on the psychological readiness of personnel, which is ensured by professional selection, professional training of specialists for effective and safe activities, and direct professional activities. The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of indicators of the level of development of qualities that characterize the degree of anxiety, worry, emotional stress due to the action of stress factors and factors on the psychological readiness of military personnel to perform the tasks of military professional activity in various conditions. Research material and methods. In order to identify the indicators and the level of development of qualities that characterize the degree of anxiety, worry, emotional tension due to the action of stress factors and that affect the psychological readiness of military personnel to perform assigned tasks, we organized and conducted testing based on the Spielberger Khanin questionnaire in accordance with the personal assessment scale anxiety with the servicemen of the formed groups at the point of permanent deployment and before the exercises. 78 military personnel participated in the study (n=39, I-II course of study; n=39, III-IV course of study). The age of the respondents is 17-24 years old. Results. According to the results of the survey, it was established that the majority of junior soldiers have a high level of personal anxiety in their everyday life (78.7 %). Among these servicemen, there is not a single one who has a low level of anxiety. The average indicator of personal anxiety corresponds to the indicator of a high level (48.92±1.15 um. unit). The analysis of personal anxiety of senior servicemen is 42.87±1.27 um. units, which fluctuates within the average level of anxiety. Conclusions. The conducted analysis showed that during the execution of a combat mission, there is a significant increase in the level of anxiety of the personnel. The average index of reactive anxiety of junior year cadets is significantly worse than the index of personal anxiety (p<0.001; t=4.78). The same trend between reactive and personal anxiety indicators after the survey was also found in senior courses. This fact confirms that the level of psychological readiness and preparedness of personnel of infantry servicemen is at an insufficient level, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the level of combat readiness of units and indicates the need to revise the content, forms, methods to ensure the readiness of servicemen to perform the tasks of professional activity.

Personal predictors of emotional burnout among secondary school teachers

Introduction. Today, in addition to studying the occurrence of the syndrome in the field of professional activity, the attention of researchers is also directed to the internal factors leading to the syndrome of emotional burnout. As such, researchers of emotional burnout identify anxiety, low self-esteem, a tendency to perfectionism, low stress tolerance, external locus of control, and non-adaptive coping strategies. Research method. Psychological testing using the methods of K. Maslach and V.V. Boyko to identify emotional burnout, S. Muddy's hardiness test, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS), Hewitt-Flett's Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The method of statistical processing is regression analysis. An empirical study was conducted on a sample of secondary school teachers in Gorno-Altaisk (N=80). Results. It was found that most of the study participants have an average or high level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduction in professionalism, while the burnout index in terms of average values refers to a moderate level. In accordance with the results of the method of TMAS, most respondents (70%) have an average level of anxiety. On the hardiness scale, participants generally scored above average, indicating that they could bounce back from adverse situations. Based on the results of the regression analysis, the following personal predictors of emotional burnout of secondary school teachers were identified: a high level of personal anxiety and a low level of hardiness. The tendency to perfectionism showed the presence of influence on only one component of emotional burnout – the reduction of professionalism. Conclusions and prospects. The conducted theoretical and empirical analysis showed the significance of the study of personal predictors of emotional burnout among representatives of socionomic professions both from a scientific point of view (it was found that the predictors of emotional burnout in medical workers and secondary school teachers have their own specifics, which may be a consequence of the content of professional activity), and with practical, since the prevention of burnout in the workplace will save staff and increase labor productivity.

THE EFFECT OF FORCED SOCIAL ISOLATION AS A RESULT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIA ON THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE AND NUTRITION BEHAVIOR OF THE STUDENTS

The article examines the psycho- emotional state and nutritive behaviour of students under conditions of the forced social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which largely depends on the quality of the educational process.
 
 Objective – to determine the peculiarities of the psycho- emotional state and nutrition behavior of the students under conditions of the forced social isolation due to pandemic COVID infection.
 
 Materials and methods.A comprehensive examination of 60 students was conducted. Applied methods: clinical- psychopathological, clinical- amnestic, experimental- psychological and statistical.
 Results. Self-assessment of the emotional state of students in the conditions of the forced social isolation, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, was low and constituted 36.8+1.98 grades. When examining personal anxiety (PA) and reactive anxiety (RA), anxiety was detected in all students. A mild level of depression was found in the majority of students, mainly women. Conclusions. Under conditions of the forced isolation, caused by COVID-19, changes of the well-being, activity, mood, the available high level of PA (73,34 %), a moderate level of RA (26.66 %), high level of RA (100 %) were established, in women the changes were more significant than in men. Violations of the emotional sphere were found in 86.67 % of students with nutrition disorders.

LEVELS OF SITUATIONAL AND PERSONAL ANXIETY IN YOUNG MEN WITH INTERNET ADDICTION STUDYING AT A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Purpose. To study the influence of Internet addiction on indicators of situational and personal anxiety in young men studying at a medical university.
 Materials and methods. The study included 66 male students enrolled in the 3rd year of the Medical Faculty of the Medical University. To assess the level of Internet addiction, we used the CIAS scale (Chen Internet addiction Scale) adapted by V.L. Malygin and K.A. Feklisov To identify and assess the severity of situational (reactive) and personal anxiety, we used the STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) scale of self-assessment of the anxiety level by C.D. Spielberger in the modification of Yu.L. Khanin.
 Results. Among the young men studying at the medical university – 94,8% of the surveyed had different levels of personal anxiety, among which the share of persons with high levels accounted for more than a third – 36,2%. A pronounced and stable pattern of Internet addictive behavior according to the CIAS scale was found in 6.9% of the surveyed young men studying at a medical university. It was found that all young men (100%) with a pronounced and stable pattern of Internet addiction noted high levels of personal anxiety.
 Conclusion. High levels of personal anxiety were revealed in young men with a pronounced and stable pattern of Internet addiction

Эмоционально-личностные детерминанты профессиональной идентичности старшеклассников

<p>The determinants’ (prerequisites’) analysis of high school students’ professional identity (PI) allows us to predict the degree of its formation and dependence on them, as well as to outline ways to overcome the crisis of choosing a profession. Total number of participants N=82. The research methods are the following: SACS; Method for Studying PI Statuses (A.A. Azbel); Personal Anxiety Test by C.D. Spielberger (adapted by A.S. Kuznetsova); BPAQ (A. Buss, M. Perry); Method for Diagnosing Teaching Motivation and Emotional Attitude to Learning (A.M. Prikhozhan). The motivational, emotional and personal determinants that affect the schoolchildren’s PI development are revealed. It is shown that in the conditions of professional self-determination, most schoolchildren have the status of PI "moratorium", and the need to make a decision about choosing a profession causes emotional tension in them. A high level of personal anxiety negatively affects the PI formation and provokes manifestations of aggressiveness, and constructive coping behavior is positive, contributing to a way out of the crisis. Alsoб the PI determinants are profilization, attitude to study and cognitive motivation. The results make it possible to purposefully organize psychological and pedagogical support for students in choosing a profession.</p>

Features of sleep organization in students of Perm higher educational institutions

Objective. To assess the quality of sleep in students of higher educational institutions of Perm taking into account the profile, anxiety level and social employment.
 Materials and methods. The study enclosed 300 students of three higher educational institutions of Perm. The features of sleep were analyzed on the basis of questioning followed by statistical treatment of the obtained data.
 Results. For all the students, the prevalence of the borderline parameters with subjective assessment of the quality of sleep was a general feature. The students of medical university with a high subjective assessment of the quality of sleep had an excessive daytime sleepiness (50 % of respondents). Medical students were characterized by a night and twenty-four-hour operating schedule and a more expressed situational anxiety. For the students of humanitarian and pedagogical institutions, combination of a high level of personal anxiety with low parameters of the quality of sleep were typical. Sleep was characterized by a long falling asleep with frequent awakening during the night, plenty of dreams often anxious by their content. At the same time, most students preferred work in the daytime. This group of students had a maximum risk for the development of sleep apnea. The students of polytechnic university appeared to be less vulnerable. However, the analyzed subjective characteristics of sleep among most of them demonstrated the borderline disorders, less than 1/3 of them had optimal parameters.
 Conclusions. The obtained results put the question of optimizing organization of sleep and wakefulness among students of higher educational institutions, prevention of disorders of circadian rhythms and their consequences, elevation of students information awareness on reciprocal influence of sleep and wakefulness. If necessary, there should be a possibility of correction by a somnologist and/or psychotherapist.

Профилактика и коррекция тревожности, вызванной социальными факторами у студентов

The article revealsthe topic of psycho-correctionand prevention of a high level of personal anxiety in students of 1-2 courses. Previously, a high level of personal anxiety was detected in 81 students. There was a need for psycho-correctivework focused on the development of social interaction skills and reducing the excessive level of self-control. Participants were invited to attend group sessions with a psychologist according to a pre-developed correctional program for 3 months. During the whole time, 26 sessions were conducted with each of the subgroups. 13 sessions were identified for the development of personal communication skills. A similar number of sessions are allocated to reduce the level of requirements for self-identity. After the completion of the psycho-correctionwork, there were obtainedresults indicating a decrease in the overall level of personal anxiety in the study sample. It indicates the effectiveness of the psycho-correctionmeasures. The study participants were given the necessary recommendations for maintaining theirlevel of personal and reactive anxiety.

Patients' situational anxiety across stages and types of orthodontic treatment

The aim the studi. The study levels of situational anxiety of orthodontic patients depending on type and stage of treatment. Altogether, 162 consequent patients aged 14-25 years with various dental anomalies filled out a questionnaire with Spielberger test (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). The questionnaires were administered to at different stages of treatment at the Arkhangelsk Children's Dental Polyclinic and the private dental clinic "Niks Trading". Bivariate associations were studied using one-way analysis of variance. Independent associations between the level of situational anxiety and type and stage of treatment was assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for the level of personal anxiety, gender and age of the patient. The mean score on situational anxiety was 42.4 (95% CI: 41.2-43.6) points corresponding to the average level. Only 4.3% (n=7) of the patients scored low on situational anxiety, while 34% (n=55) scored high on situations anxiety. The average score on personal anxiety was 43.5 (95% CI: 42.2-44.8). The corresponding proportions for low and high levels of personal anxiety were 6.2% (n=10) and 39.5% (n=64). Adolescents had higher scores on situational anxiety (p=0.048), and patients aged 21-25 years have a higher level of personal anxiety (p=0.004). No associations between situational anxiety and either stage or type of treatment were observed in multivariable analysis. The level of situational anxiety was significantly associated with the level of personal anxiety (p<0.001). More than a half of the patient had average level of situational anxiety during orthodontic treatment. Due to the higher situational anxiety in the group of adolescents, it is necessary to treat such patients more carefully. Orthodontic treatment with the use of braces or removable devices is not associated with increased situational anxiety.

Psychopersonal characteristics of women with varying degrees of menopausal disorders

The perimenopausal period is the age of the highest spiritual and intellectual development of a woman; therefore, neurovegetative and psycho-emotional disorders of this period acquire a pecial medical and social value and require an interdisciplinary approach.&#x0D; Objective: to identify the psychological characteristics of women with mild and moderate menopausal disorders in the perimenopausal period.&#x0D; Materials and methods. A total of 51 women were examined in the perimenopausal period: I main group - 20 patients with a low degree of CS, II main group - 16 women with menopausal disorders of moderate severity; the control group consisted of 15 healthy women. The severity of menopausal syndrome was determined using a modified menopausal Cooperman's index. All patients underwent psychodiagnostic examination using reactive and personal anxiety scales according to Ch.D. Spielberg and J.L. Hanina, G. Eisenko's test questionnaire, the Women's Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire, used the SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form) general questionnaire to assess quality of life.&#x0D; Results. In women of the main groups, neurovegetative (14,5±2,6 and 26,6±4,2 points in the first and second groups of observation) and psycho-emotional disorders (4,9±1.3 and 11,2±1,6 points) prevailed. respectively). Hormone levels (FSH, E2, PRL) corresponded to perimenopausal values, but were significantly different from those of the control group. Identified individual-personal properties of women with the CS, in particular introversion and emotional instability. A comparative analysis on the Spielberg-Khanin scales showed that more than half (55,0 %) in the first main group and the majority (81,25 %) of women in the second main group versus 33,35 % in the control group (p˂0,05), a high level of personal anxiety was diagnosed; the average level of situational anxiety was highest among women in group II – 54,83±6,0 points versus 43,2±5,3 points in the first group and 36,3±4,8 points in patients without menopausal disorders (p˂ 0,05). In 24 (77,42 %) women of the main group, sexual dysfunction was detected, while its degree was greatest with moderately severe climacteric disorders. Menopausal disorders of varying severity, increased anxiety and neuroticism, sexual dysfunction affected the quality of life of patients.&#x0D; Conclusion. Formed psychopersonal characteristics of women with varying degrees of menopausal disorders in the perimenopausal period.

The Neurovegetative Status of Children 5-7 Years Old

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the neurovegetative status of children of senior preschool age. The article exposes the importance of the autonomic nervous system, features of electrical activity, cerebral blood flow on functioning of the child’s body.&#x0D; Childhood is a sensitive period of development of many neurophysiological and physiological functions. In children the electrical activity of the brain can be considered as an indicator of general properties of the nervous system and takes the leading place in the structure of the neurodynamic constitution of a person and some individual-psychological differences underlying them.&#x0D; Prolonged psycho-emotional overstrain, a high level of personal anxiety in children and the etiological factor cause increased activity of adaptation-compensatory reactions, in which the most important role is played by the autonomic nervous system. Disturbances of neurovegetative regulation, occurring practically in all diseases, under the influence of a huge number of damaging factors are nonspecific, adaptive-compensatory. In children, psycho-vegetative syndrome, characterized by a combination of psycho-emotional and vegetative disorders is encountered in most cases.

Features of metacognitive beliefs of adolescents with a high level of personal anxiety

The article contains an analysis of the problems of personal anxiety among adolescents. Anxiety is considered as a property of the personality, which is manifested in the cognitive aspect, emotional reaction, physical reaction and behavior of the individual. The general purpose of the study was to identify the metacognitive beliefs of adolescents with a high level of personal anxiety and was realized thanks to the implementation of such tasks as: identifying adolescents with a high level of personal anxiety, studying personal attitudes towards symptoms, determining and comparing the metacognitive beliefs of adolescents with different levels of personal anxiety, determining predictive power of metacognitions of young people with a high level of personal anxiety.&#x0D; The results of a study of the prevalence of reactive and personal anxiety among adolescents are presented, a comparative analysis of one's own opinion regarding the presence of symptoms and test results of adolescents with a high level of personal anxiety is carried out. A new approach to the study of personal anxiety from the perspective of metacognitive beliefs is proposed, which is built on the principles of cognitive-behavioral psychology. Metacognition is defined as the basis of automatic thoughts, emotional and physical reactions, and the role of metacognitive processes in the interpretation of information about the level of security, the formation of judgments, assessments. The article proves that the metacognitions of adolescents with a high level of personal anxiety deprive them of flexibility in behavior, limiting the variability of life experience. The metacognitive portrait of young people with a high level of personal anxiety is characterized, in particular: the belief that anxiety is a protection against difficult emotions in anticipation of negative events; a positive attitude towards one's own anxious experiences is reinforced by a desire to prevent negative outcomes. As a result of the conducted research, the prospects for developing a method of targeted psychological influence within the cognitive-behavioral approach have been opened

Клініко-статистична оцінка психоемоційного статусу підлітків на стоматологічному прийомі

The purpose of the study was to assess the level of personal and reactive anxiety in teenagers of the Transcarpathian region during a dental appointment and establish the correlational dependence of parameters. Materials and methods. An assessment of psycho-emotional state and dental status of 384 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were patients of the “University Dental Polyclinic” was carried out. The patient's appeal was both urgent and for the purpose of rehabilitation, planned. Depending on the level of personal anxiety, patients were divided into clinical groups to determine the prevalence, intensity and activity of caries. The first group included 244 teenagers (175 girls and 69 boys) who were diagnosed with a high level of personal anxiety. The second group consisted of 105 adolescents (48 girls and 57 boys) in whom basic anxiety was moderate, the third group consisted of 35 adolescents with low anxiety (10 girls and 25 boys). The level of reactive and personal anxiety was assessed according to the methodology of Ch. D. Spielberger (adapted by Yu. L. Khanin). Indicators of the prevalence, intensity and activity of caries (CPV index) were determined in the examined subjects according to generally accepted methods. Results and discussion. The level of reactive and personal anxiety is determined to be high in both boys and girls, and reactive anxiety caused by visiting the dentist reaches the maximum percentage indicators in both groups and has a significantly higher percentage than personal anxiety. Significant differences in caries activity indicators of the first and second groups and the first and third groups were established, in particular, significantly lower indicators of absent and compensated caries (p &lt;0.05) and significantly higher indicators of subcompensated and decompensated caries (p &lt;0.05). The indicators of decompensated caries differed significantly between the indicators of the second and third groups (25.8%; 14.3%; p &lt;0.05). Conclusion. High personal anxiety is a factor in the formation and progression of carious lesions of hard tissues in adolescents, a direct relationship between the level of personal anxiety and the course of caries in adolescents has been established, with an increase in personal anxiety, the percentage of decompensated caries increases. That is, high personal anxiety is a factor in the progression of dental caries in teenagers

Clinical and physiological aspects of bruxism and its rational pharmacotherapy

Objective. Clinical-neurophysiological and neuropsychological examination of patients with bruxism was conducted to determine the functional condition of the peripheral and central trigeminal nerve and to justify the combined therapy.Materials and methods. 26 patients (14 women and 12 men) aged 20 to 50 years with complaints and typical neurological symptoms of bruxism were examined. The control group consisted of 30 volunteers in the age from 24 to 35 years, who underwent a comprehensive examination as part of a medical check-up, who did not have severe somatic, neurological or mental diseases and did not have complaints of impaired function of the masticatory muscles. Clinical and neurological, electrophysiological and neuropsychological diagnostic methods were used in the trial. Quantitative sensory testing was performed using TSA II device (Medoc, Israel), and temperature sensitivity thresholds were determined using the Marstok method on symmetrical facial areas according to the Zelder zones. Diagnostics of the functional condition of the masticatory muscles was carried out using a computer neuroelectromyograph M-Test ‘DX-Systems’ and a computer system for analyzingelectromyographic records. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed using 16-channel computer electroencephalography system. C. D. Spielberger scale adapted by Yu. L. Khanin (C. D. Spielberger, 2010) was used to determine the level of anxiety. The results were processed using Statistica and Microsoft Excel 2015 programs.Results. Patients with bruxism had a high level of personal anxiety, which was found in 73 % of the participants. Determination of the thresholds of cold sensitivity on the faces of patients with bruxism showed a lower threshold of cold sensitivity in the lateral parts and a higher threshold in the oral parts. Electromyography of masticatory muscles showed an increase in the duration of mastication period, a decrease in the masticatory rhythm, a decrease in masticatory efficiency, and irrational functioning of the masticatory muscles of varying severity in the patients of the examined group. Assessment of brain biopotentials showed an increase in the ascending activating effects of nonspecific median brain structures (72 %). The data obtained helped to obtain a comprehensive assessment of functional condition of the trigeminal nerve in patients with bruxism and to justify pharmaceutical therapy aimed at both the muscular apparatus (muscle relaxants) and the peripheral and central parts of the trigeminal nerve (antiepileptic drugs) in combination with a medicine that has a stabilizing effect on the functional condition of neurons and normalization of bioelectric processes in the central nervous system (correctors of metabolism).

ANALYSIS OF THE DENTAL STATUS OF TEENAGERS IN THE TRANSCARPATIA REGION

Dental status includes an index assessment of clusters that characterize the state of hygiene, the presence of periodontal tissue diseases, and the state of the hard tissues of the teeth. The calculation of these indicators gives a clear idea of the state of the problem and dictates the ways of preventive and therapeutic tactics both in groups and individually. The level of patient anxiety, both personal and reactive, caused by a visit to the dentist, plays a significant role during the appointment with the doctor, affects the trust during communication and affects the quality of dental services in general. The second component of high-quality dental treatment is the determination of the level of dental morbidity in groups, depending on the level of anxiety as a basic factor. Dental status includes an index assessment of clusters that characterize the state of hygiene, the presence of periodontal tissue diseases, and the state of the hard tissues of the teeth. The calculation of these indicators gives a clear idea of the state of the problem and dictates the ways of preventive and therapeutic tactics both in groups and individually.&#x0D; The aim of the research. To assess the dental status of adolescents in Transcarpathian region and establish the correlational dependence of parameters.&#x0D; Materials and methods. An assessment of the dental status of 384 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were patients of LLC "University Dental Polyclinic" was carried out. The patient's appeal was both urgent and for the purpose of rehabilitation, planned.&#x0D; Indicators of the prevalence, intensity and activity of caries (CPV index) were determined in the examined subjects according to generally accepted methods. The state of hygiene in adolescents was determined according to the OHI-S index and Fedorov-Volodkina. The condition of the periodontal tissues in the examined adolescents was determined according to the PMA index. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using licensed programs ˝MS Excel 7˝ for the operating system˝ Windows˝ and the standard program package "STATISTICA" v. 6.0.&#x0D; Conclusions. High personal anxiety is a factor in the formation and progression of carious lesions of hard tissues in adolescents, a direct relationship between the level of personal anxiety and the course of caries in adolescents has been established, with an increase in personal anxiety, the percentage of decompensated caries increases. That is, high personal anxiety is a factor in the progression of dental caries in teenagers. Significant differences in PMA index indicators were established between clinical groups (p&lt;0,05). In the first group of teenagers with a high level of personal anxiety, the indicators of the index corresponded to a severe degree of gingivitis, in the second and third groups, the indicators corresponded to an average degree of gingivitis.&#x0D; When assessing the state of hygiene in adolescents of clinical groups, significant differences were established between the indicators of the first and second and the first and third groups according to the OHI-S, DI-S and CI-S indicators of the I.G. index. Green, I.R.Vermillion and indicators of the Fedorov-Volodkina index (р&lt;0.05), the indicators in the first group were significantly higher than in the second and third groups. According to the Fedorov-Volodkina index, a significantly higher index was established in patients of the first group than in the second and third.&#x0D; A direct relationship between the level of personal anxiety and the state of hygiene in adolescents has been established, with an increase in personal anxiety, the deterioration of hygiene is noted. That is, high personal anxiety is a factor in the progression of gingivitis.

POSTCOVID DEPRESSION: DIAGNOSIS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME IT

The article deals with the problem of postcovid depression. The main diagnostic criteria and symptoms of depressive disorder are outlined. It is indicated that the basic symptoms include: depressed mood, loss of curiosity and pleasure from daily activities, increased fatigue, loss of energy and decreased activity. The risk factors that most influence the formation of depressive disorders are analyzed. These factors include: job loss, divorce, loss of relatives, high levels of personal anxiety, and stressful life events. The main goal of therapy in patients with VDR is complete functional recovery and return to the premorbid state. The difficulty of treating depressive disorders lies in the lack of complete recovery in the case of severe or complicated forms of depressive disorders. The author identifies the main emotional and cognitive signs of depressive disorder, namely: low or increased mood, feelings of anxiety and unreasonable anxiety, irritability or manifestations of anger towards yourself or other people, repeated negative thoughts about yourself, about drug addicts and the future, reduced concentration of attention, apathy, inattention. Recovery from depression is not the absence of negative affective symptoms, but the restoration of normal emotional functioning, the ability to be yourself and experience positive emotions. The goal of psychotherapy for depression is to change the patient's negative thoughts, emotional state and mood.