High Level Of Importance Research Articles

Investigation and Assessment the Level of SMES Leanness Using Fuzzy Dematel/Fuzzy AHP/Fuzzy Topsis Integrated Model

Abstract Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have a crucial role in driving economic growth and innovation. In the modern business landscape characterized by uncertainty, the adoption of lean philosophy has gained prominence as a means to continuously improve SMEs’ operational efficiency and competitiveness. A fuzzy assessment model was proposed as comprehensive framework and guide for SMEs during their lean journey that utilizes the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP), Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (Fuzzy DEMATEL), and Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS) to serve many objectives; identifying the most important and influence lean dimensions on SMEs leanness; assessing the level of adoption of lean philosophy in SMEs for five essential lean dimensions, namely management, process, supplier, customer, and employee; identifying the interrelationships among them; and identifying the driving dimensions for the improvement process to focus SMEs limited resources on it in improvement process due to its direct influence on the other lean dimensions. The proposed fuzzy model was applied in Iraqi medium-sized enterprise producing healthy water, juice, and soft drinks to identify the most important and influence lean dimension on enterprise leanness, identify the driving dimension of the improvement process, and assess the level of leanness of these five lean dimensions. The results showed that the management dimension has the highest level of importance and influence on SMEs’ leanness, equal to 41.31%, and is distinguished as a driving dimension that has a high influence on improving the driven dimensions of process and customer. Although the level of importance and influence of the process dimension is 19.96%, it is an effect dimension and is considered a driven dimension. Plotting the interrelationship among the five lean dimensions in the diagram shows management has an influence on all lean dimensions and, at the same time, has a mutual relationship with employees and customers. An employee has a mutual relationship with the process dimension. In addition, the results showed that enterprise has deficiency in adopting a lean philosophy, where its level of leanness equal 0.39.

Level of Consumer Satisfaction Towards Brown Rice in Malang District: A Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) Analysis

In general, the current demand for brown rice does not receive the same attention from the public as white rice. So, it is important to further understand consumer behavior related to consuming brown rice because this has an impact on consumer satisfaction and has an impact on the strategies formulated by producers. Thus, this study aims to assess the level of consumer satisfaction with brown rice and evaluate the performance and importance of certain attributes. The variables analyzed include product quality, price, and benefits. This study applied a quantitative approach with Accidental Sampling technique, involving 100 respondents who were analyzed using the Customers Satisfaction Index (CSI) technique. The results of these findings indicate that the product quality variable (Taste) has the highest level of importance and performance, with values of 4.56 and 4.49, respectively. The level of satisfaction of brown rice consumers in Pakis District, Malang Regency, reached 74.53%, which is classified as satisfied (range 60.1% - 80.0%). The suggestions given are that producers need to improve the quality of brown rice in terms of taste, color, and texture, while marketers are advised to utilize social media and creative campaigns to attract young consumers and offer discounts for large purchases to increase customer satisfaction.

Once Common, Long in Decline: Dynamics of Traditional Orchards in a Central European Landscape

Traditional orchards are distinctive features of cultural landscapes in Central Europe. Despite their high level of ecological importance, they are in decline, and comprehensive spatial data over broad extents, which could enable a trend analysis, are lacking. We analysed traditional orchard maps from 1952 to 1967 and a map from 2010, generated via aerial image interpretation, for the state of Hesse (ca. 21,115 km2), which has the second largest share of traditional orchards in Germany. We aimed to (1) quantify long-term orchard dynamics, (2) compare orchard characteristics in terms of topographical, ecological, and socioeconomic factors, and (3) identify key drivers of orchard loss. We found that the number and area of orchards have clearly decreased across Hesse, with varying local and regional patterns. Further, historically old orchards tended to have a larger area, higher shape complexity, and were located closer to settlements, highways, and neighbouring orchards. In contrast, newly established orchards were often found at higher elevations and on steeper slopes. Finally, the three historical orchard hotspots also experienced the most notable losses driven by different factors, namely the expansion of Artificial Surfaces, Residential Buildings, and Agricultural Land. We highlight the importance of such multitemporal spatial data for a wide range of ecological applications, and we encourage the use of novel technologies to support geospatial analyses in the future.

Diagnosis and Screening of Velocardiofacial Syndrome by Evaluating Facial Photographs Using a Deep Learning-Based Algorithm.

Early detection of rare genetic diseases, including velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), is essential for patient well-being. However, their rarity and limited clinical experience of physicians make diagnosis challenging. Deep learning algorithms have emerged as promising tools for efficient and accurate diagnosis. This study investigates the use of a deep learning algorithm to develop a face recognition model for diagnosing VCFS. The study employed publicly available labeled face datasets to train the multitask cascaded convolutional neural networks (MTCNN) model. Subsequently, we examined the binary classification performance for diagnosing VCFS using the most efficient face recognition model. A total of 98 VCFS patients (920 facial photographs) and 91 non-VCFS controls (463 facial photographs) were randomly divided into training and test sets. Additionally, we analyzed whether the classification results matched the known facial phenotype of VCFS. The face recognition model demonstrated high accuracy, ranging from 94% to 99%, depending on the training dataset. The accuracy of the binary classification diagnostic model varied from 81% to 88% when evaluating with photographs taken at various angles, but reached 95% evaluating with frontal photographs only. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping heatmap revealed the high importance level of perinasal and periorbital areas, exhibiting consistency with the conventional facial phenotypes of VCFS. This study shows the feasibility and effectiveness of MTCNN-based model for detecting VCFS solely from facial photographs. The high accuracy underscores the potential of deep learning in aiding early diagnosis of rare genetic diseases, facilitating timely interventions for patient care.

Factors Affecting Students' Decisions in Choosing to Study for a Master's Degree of Souphanouvong University

The purpose of this study wastoinvestigate:1)the level of students' opinions on the importance of factors that encourage students to study for the Master's program of Souphanouvong University, and 2) factors affecting students' decisions in choosing to study for the Master's program of Souphanouvong University. This study was conducted a quantitative and qualitative study, the sample group are 220 students who have graduated and are studying at the master's level of Souphanouvong University, usingthe questionnaires as a tool in the study, the statistics analysis weremean, Standard Deviation, and Regression multiple analysis. The result of the study found that 1)the level of students' opinions on the importance of factors that encourage students to study for the Master's degree of Souphanouvong University as a whole gives a high level of importance with X̅=4.15andS.D=0.46, which includes the course advertising factor at many levels with X̅=4.15and S.D=0.46, motivational factorswith X̅= 4.14andS.D=46, and maintenance factor with X̅=4.07andS.D=0.54. 2)Factors affecting students' decisions in choosing to study for the Master's degreeof Souphanouvong Universityinclude personnel development factors, teachers (professors), environmental factors and learning resources, scientific research factors and academic services with a statistical significance level of 0.05.

Gaussian Process Regression Based Silver Price Forecasts

A significant number of market participants have placed a high level of importance on price estimates for the primary metal commodities for a considerable amount of time. To tackle the problem, we investigate the daily reported price of silver in our study. The sample that is being analyzed spans a period of 13 years, starting on April 20, 2011, and ending on April 19, 2024. The price series which is being investigated has important implications for the commercial world. Specifically, when it comes to this unique circumstance, Gaussian process regression models are developed utilizing cross-validation strategies and Bayesian optimization procedures. The forecasting of prices is therefore accomplished via the use of the methods that are developed as a result of the situation. For the out-of-sample evaluation period that extends from October 5, 2021 to April 19, 2024, our empirical forecasting approach yields price estimates deemed reasonably accurate. The relative root mean square error reached for the silver price is 0.2257%, with the corresponding root mean square error of 0.0515, mean absolute error of 0.0389, and correlation coefficient of 99.967%. Due to the availability of models that forecast prices, investors and governments are supplied with the information they need to make educated judgments on the silver market by providing them with the knowledge they require. The framework of the Gaussian process regression with Bayesian optimizations demonstrates its good potential for modeling and forecasting sophisticated commodity price series for market participants.

Unbalanced Timeliness of Financial Reporting Data Classification Using Random Forest with SMOTE

This study aims to apply the Random Forest method with SMOTE to address unbalanced data on company classifications based on the timeliness of financial reports. The data used are the financial statements of manufacturing companies in the Food and Beverage sector on the IDX from 2014 to 2022. The independent variables used are ROA, CR, DAR, and Size. The results showed that the performance of the Random Forest method after being combined with SMOTE increased compared to before SMOTE. Random Forest's best performance is derived from 60% training and 40% testing. Based on MDA and MDG values, it was found that ROA has the highest level of importance, followed by Size and CR variables. In comparison, DAR is the variable with the lowest level of importance. It means that DAR has a low impact on the timeliness of financial reports.

PREDICTORS OF THE ENJOYMENT AND MISSING EXPERIENCES OF MALAYSIAN STUDENTS IN HOME COUNTRY AND OVERSEAS

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to identify the predictors of the adaptation experiences of Malaysian students in home country and overseas, from two perspectives: missing and enjoyment experiences. At Time 1, 2090 responses were collected from a group of students who were enrolling at various overseas preparatory studying programmes (later termed as overseas students) and also first year students who were continuing their education at a public university in Malaysia (later termed as home country students). At Time 2, 628 of the participants were retained. The predictor variables were Time 1 well-being indicators (i.e. life satisfaction, positive and negative affect), importance and satisfaction of conservation and self-transcendence values, perceived success (measured by the Malaysian Certificate of Examination results and perceived English language fluency), personality, and parents’ level of education. The findings showed that overseas students who had a low level of English language fluency and a high level of importance of conservation and satisfaction of self-transcendence values tended to miss home. Similarly, overseas students who were less fluent in English were less likely to enjoy their life abroad. Whilst for the home country students, the high level of negative affect predicted their missing experience, and none of the predictor variables were found to be significant in contributing to enjoyment experience.

Technology in the classroom: Exploring the student experience with ChatGPT in the educational process

Among current technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) systems have a high level of importance in the teaching and learning process. An example of this is ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI that uses neural networks to generate human responses and realistic conversations. This research seeks to understand how students perceive the effectiveness of ChatGPT compared to other forms of educational support, as well as to identify factors that influence its acceptance and adoption. This study adopts a mixed approach, has an experimental design comprising data collection through surveys and semi-structured interviews, to gain a comprehensive understanding of students' experiences and perceptions. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how ChatGPT technology impacts students' educational experience and offers valuable insights for improving classroom teaching and learning.

직업계고 학생의 디지털 역량 구명 및 중요도-실행도 차이 분석(IPGA)

The purpose of this study was to find out the digital competencies of vocational high school students and to derive implications for increasing the digital competencies of vocational high school students by identifying what competencies currently need to be improved most urgently. The results are as follows. First, the digital competency of vocational high school students was defined as the competency, including knowledge, skills, attitudes, and thinking skills that vocational high school students must have in common to perform their duties using various digital technologies after entering the labor market after graduation. Second, 5 major areas of vocational high school students' digital competencies were derived: 'understanding and responding to changes according to digital transformation', 'digital data collection and management', 'digital-based communication and collaboration’, ‘digital content development and utilization’, and 'digital-based problem solving' and minor 11 areas were derived. Third, ‘communication through digital technology’ and ‘digital data search and collection’ were identified as areas with high level of performance and importance, but ‘digital content development’ was identified as areas with low level of performance and importance. Fourth, competencies with high demand for improvement include ‘digital data search and collection’, ‘communication through digital technology’, ‘sharing and collaboration through digital technology’, and ‘digital content utilization’. In the suggestion, it was suggested that long-term research should be conducted to find ways to increase digital competencies of vocational high school students, and specific policy should be established that focus on improving students' foundational common competency.

Empowering pharmacy professionals to enhance public health nutrition: a mixed methods study

Unhealthy dietary patterns stand as the foremost risk factor for noncommunicable disease- associated morbidity and mortality(1). As widely accessible healthcare providers, pharmacy professionals’ potential to catalyze improvements in public health nutrition is substantial, offering a means to combat the escalating epidemic of obesity and NCDs through tailored interventions, services, and education(2,3).Our study employed a mixed-methods approach to assess the role of pharmacy professionals in promoting nutrition advice and healthy dietary practices.An online questionnaire (N=200) was designed and conducted to evaluate pharmacy professionals’ nutrition knowledge, the advice given in various diet-related conditions (e.g. obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease risk factors, malnutrition, sustainable diets), practices in delivering diet- related guidance within their routine practice and perceived roles and future ambitions of pharmacy professionals towards nutrition counselling, yielding both quantitative and qualitative insights.Subsequently, qualitative interviews and focus group discussions (N=19) were conducted, engaging pharmacists, nutritionists and dietitians to gather insights essential for the development of a comprehensive nutrition toolkit tailored for pharmacy practice.These interviews delved deeper into the subject, with the goal of designing a nutrition toolkit that empowers pharmacists with the knowledge, tools, and resources needed to play a more active and impactful role in promoting nutrition and healthy lifestyle practices among their patients. Thematic analysis was conducted, and emerging themes and subthemes were identified.Our findings indicate that a significant portion of participants in our study are involved in providing nutrition and diet advice for various health conditions. The majority of pharmacists considered diabetes programmes having a high level of importance (84%), followed by weight management services (78%), hypertension management (86%), and healthy diet campaigns (63.5%). However, our knowledge and confidence rating questions revealed a significant gap in training and a clear need for educational materials tailored for pharmacists to enhance their ability to provide nutrition advice effectively. Key themes identified in open-text questions were referrals and collaboration, training and education needs, wider needs (changes in the public health system, materials/resources, integration and implementation of nutrition in pharmacy practice) and perceived roles as pharmacists in providing nutrition advice (patient support, feeling responsible, specialised focus areas).Qualitative findings underscore the pressing demand for nutrition training and education to deliver comprehensive services, as well as the necessity for collaborative efforts with dietitians and nutritionists to ensure effective care and the improvement of referral pathways in pharmacy practice.This research contributes to the advancement of public health nutrition by recognizing the potential role of pharmacy professionals as key players in the dissemination of nutrition knowledge and fostering healthy behaviours within the community. The results will guide us in the collaborative development of a nutrition toolkit tailored for pharmacy practice, employing a co-design approach.

Preoperative Rank of Expectations for Shoulder Surgery (PRESS): a novel survey

Patient expectations for orthopedic surgeries, and elective shoulder surgery in particular, have been shown to be important for patient outcomes and satisfaction. Current surveys assessing patient expectations lack clinical applicability and allow patients to list multiple expectations at the highest level of importance. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the use of a novel, rank-based survey assessing the relative importance of patient expectations for shoulder surgery. The Preoperative Rank of Expectations for Shoulder Surgery (PRESS) survey was developed by polling 100 patients regarding their expectations for surgery. The PRESS survey consisted of 8 common expectations for elective shoulder surgery by importance and a 0%-100% scale of expected pain relief and range of motion improvement. After initial development of the PRESS survey, it was administered preoperatively to 316 patients undergoing surgery for shoulder arthritis, rotator cuff tear, subacromial pain syndrome, or glenohumeral instability between August 2020 and April 2021. Patients also completed preoperative outcome measures such as the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Upper Extremity Physical Function 7a version 1.0 (PROMIS PF), and PROMIS Pain Interference short form 8a version 2.0 (PROMIS PI) surveys. Patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) surveys were administered 6 months postoperatively. Improvement in range of motion was the expectation most often ranked first for the entire study group (18%), arthritis subgroup (23%), and rotator cuff tear subgroup (19%). Subacromial pain syndrome patients most often ranked improving ability to complete activities of daily living and relieving daytime pain first (19%). Shoulder instability patients most often ranked improving ability to participate in sports first (31%). Patients who ranked improving range of motion or sports highly had better PROMs. Those who ranked relieving pain highly had worse PROMs. Patients with high (>90%) expectations of pain relief had better PROMIS PI scores. Patients with high pain relief expectations in the arthritis and subacromial pain syndrome groups had better PROMs, whereas patients with instability were less satisfied. The novel PRESS survey assesses patient expectations for shoulder surgery in a new, more clinically applicable rank-based format. The responses provided by patients provide actionable information to clinicians and are related to postoperative outcomes. Therefore, the PRESS survey represents a useful tool for guiding discussions between patients and surgeons, as well as aiding in overall patient-centered clinical decision making.

Analysis of Service Performance for Intermodal Facilities in The Area of Asrama Haji and Bumi Sriwijaya Stations

The integrated intermodal service system between the South Sumatra Light Rail Transit (LRT) and road-based transportation modes such as the Palembang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Angkot Feeder Musi Emas still has shortcomings, particularly in the areas of the Asrama Haji and Bumi Sriwijaya Station. This research is conducted to observe the conditions of the physical facilities, payment integration, and schedules at both stations, as well as to examine the regulations in meeting the standards of ideal pedestrian physical facilities, which are then compared with passenger perceptions. This research utilizes the methods of crosstabulation analysis and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Crosstabulation analysis is used to determine the relationship between respondents' sociodemographic and their travel characteristics. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) is used to assess passenger perceptions of the performance quality of intermodal facilities. Based on the research finding, according to passengers perceptions of 49 service attributes, there are 20 attributes that have a high level of importance but low performance, indicating the existence of three service provision needs that need to be prioritized for improvement. First, the provision of adequate and disability-friendly sidewalk facilities. Second, the provision of pedestrian crossing facilities. Third, the access to and from the node that is free from traffic conflicts. The recommended solutions include the construction of sidewalks connected to the node points, built higher than the road surface, installation of guiding block, barrier posts, and ramps at each end of the sidewalk, construction of an overpass (JPO) at the Asrama Haji Station and a pelican cross at the Bumi Sriwijaya Station, and the regulation of transit areas to prevent vehicles from parking and waiting at the entrance and exit points of the node.

Criticality Analysis of A Sea Port`s Shore Cranes Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

Introduction/Background Critical assets are the organizational resources of crucial importance for maintaining operations and achieving the organization's mission. The criticality of organization assets is continuously researched by numerous authors. Ports have critical importance for the global supply chain. Together with the port workforce, port infrastructure, and port superstructure, which are interconnected with the port information system, port machinery enables the functioning of a port. Depending on the characteristics of a port (level of its specialization, etc.), there are various port machinery types used in the cargo handling process, and all of them do not have the same criticality level. In the available literature, no research directly related to the criticality analysis of shore cranes in use at a terminal in a seaport can be found. It was one of the principal initial motives of the author to write this paper. Methodology After an overview of literature sources dealing with assets` criticality analysis and a condensed theoretical consideration of the general importance of ports and port machinery, this paper shows the results of research on the port`s shore cranes‘ criticality ranks, using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The research included a group of shore cranes at the Dry Bulk Cargo Terminal in the Port of Bar JSC (Montenegro), which consists of three gantry cranes (with a capacity per item of 12 t), two mobile harbor cranes with a capacity of 144 t and 124 t and a ship loader for cereals with a capacity of 300 t/h. Criticality analysis was conducted based on four selection criteria: C1-if the shore crane type is an element of cargo handling technology with priority cargo group; C2-level of hourly productivity; C3-level of operating costs; C4-level of cost generated by shore crane downtime during the loading/unloading process. The AHP hierarchy framework used was a three-level model: “level 0” – goal; “level 1” the – criterion; “level 2” the – choice. Results/Discussion According to the calculated level of criticality based on the defined selection criteria, the highest criticality rank was observed for the mobile harbor crane with a capacity of 144 t, which had the highest rank for three out of four selection criteria. Conclusion The results of the research can be used as a base for further research studies in this field as well as a reliable base for a very wide range of managerial activities directed to improvements in the maintenance system of shore cranes as well as in the cargo handling system where the cranes are used. As one of the potential purposes of the results, with a high level of importance, their potential usage for introducing, adequate modeling, and implementing the concept of predictive maintenance of shore cranes (with all related benefits) is pointed out.

The Impact of Accounting Knowledge Management on Improving Institutional Performance in the Greater Amman Municipality

The study was designed to explore the influence of accounting knowledge management (AKM) on enhancing institutional performance across various dimensions such as learning and growth, internal processes, customer satisfaction, financial performance, and the strategic dimension within the Greater Amman Municipality. Utilizing a combination of descriptive and inferential analytical approaches, the research targeted the entire cohort of employees working in the financial department, encompassing financial managers, department heads, accountants, and auditors, amounting to a total of 244 individuals. To fulfill the study’s aims, 200 questionnaires were disseminated, out of which 156 were returned and deemed valid for analysis, marking a substantial response rate of 78%. The findings of the study were quite revealing, indicating that all aspects of accounting knowledge management attained high levels of relative importance. Similarly, each dimension of institutional performance was also deemed to hold significant importance. Crucially, the study unveiled a positive correlation between the implementation of AKM and the enhancement of institutional performance within the Greater Amman Municipality. It was further discerned that the application of AKM concepts played a substantial role in the amelioration of institutional performance. One of the pivotal recommendations emerging from the study emphasized the need for the Greater Amman Municipality to augment its focus on generating accounting knowledge. The study advocates for the adoption of modern management methodologies that foster teamwork, cooperation, and active employee participation in conferences and meetings, to enhance knowledge generation and application within the organization.

EVALUATION OF THE CHANGE IN PERSPECTIVES OF SME EXECUTIVES TOWARDS THE INDUSTRY 4.0 PROCESS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION WITH THE SWARA METHOD

The aim of this study is to determine the perspectives of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Turkey towards the digital transformation that comes with Industry 4.0 and to determine the potential development and orientation of the information they had. In this study, the questions asked to thirty-two SME executives five years ago with a semi-structured interview were again directed to the same individuals. According to the results, it’s been seen that the executives have more knowledge of the Industry 4.0 process and have more information about the relevant technologies compared to the answers in 2017. In addition, executives have started to take more part in activities in this field. During the five-year period, the most concerned issue of executives was identified as cyber security and budget planning. In the second application of the study, it’s also aimed to determine the importance levels of some opportunities that are predicted to be caused by the Industry 4.0 transformation process on SMEs. In order to realize this aim, Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) application was made with five experts, and the first three opportunities with the highest level of importance were determined as low-cost production, competitiveness and improvement in production defects.

Developing a Core Model for Expected Characteristics of Group Exercise Instructors in Sports Science Students

Background. Sports science experts play a crucial role in providing insights and appropriatere commendations to delineate the desired traits of professional group exercise instructors. Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the using expert Delphi techniques in developing a core model for expected characteristics of group exercise instructors in sports science students. Materials and methods. The study involved 18 exercise experts who served as group exercise instructors and lecturers in sports science. Across three questionnaire rounds, the data was assessed using a rating scale, considering Mode (Mo), Median (Mdn), and Interquartile range (IQR). Results. The experts consistently emphasized the development of the eight core characteristics of group exercise at the highest importance level (Mo = 5, Mdn = 5, IQR = 0). Their focus encompassed areas such as knowledge in anatomy and exercise physiology, proficiency in exercise techniques, understanding of movement, psychological aspects, the role of aerobic dance leadership, and attitude towards group exercise. Additionally, knowledge related to injury prevention and nutrition received respective scores of Mo = 4, Mdn = 4, IQR = 1. Being a group exercise instructor necessitated both physical and mental preparedness. Conclusions. The desired characteristics for sports science students who will develop themselves to be group exercise leaders have to include a broad range of knowledge to become a personality model, proficiency in all 8 areas, and the ability to effectively teach that lead students to success. And most importantly, the FITT-VS (Frequency Intensity Training Time Training Type-Volume Progression) principles of teaching should be applied in organizing the group exercise program to ensure appropriateness for each format.

METHOD OF CREATING A MINIMAL SPANNING TREE ON AN ARBITRARY SUBSET OF VERTICES OF A WEIGHTED UNDIRECTED GRAPH

Context. The relevance of the article is determined by the need for further development of models for optimal restoration of the connectivity of network objects that have undergone fragmentation due to emergency situations of various origins. The method proposed in this article solves the problematic situation of minimizing the amount of restoration work (total financial costs) when promptly restoring the connectivity of a selected subset of elements of a network object after its fragmentation.
 The purpose of the study is to develop a method for creating a minimal spanning tree on an arbitrary subset of vertices of a weighted undirected graph to minimize the amount of restoration work and/or total financial costs when promptly restoring the connectivity of elements that have a higher level of importance in the structure of a fragmented network object.
 Method. The developed method is based on the idea of searching for local minima in the structure of a model undirected graph using graph vertices that are not included in the list of base vertices to be united by a minimal spanning tree. When searching for local minima, the concept of an equilateral triangle and a radial structure in such a triangle is used. In this case, there are four types of substructures that provide local minima: first, those with one common base vertex; second, those with two common base vertices; third, those with three common base vertices; fourth, those without common base vertices, located in different parts of the model graph. Those vertices that are not included in the list of basic ones, but through which local minima are ensured, are added to the basic ones. Other vertices (non-basic) along with their incident edges are removed from the structure of the model graph. Then, using one of the well-known methods of forming spanning trees, a minimal spanning tree is formed on the structure obtained in this way, which combines the set of base vertices.
 Results. 1) A method for creating a minimal spanning tree on an arbitrary subset of vertices of a weighted undirected graph has been developed. 2) A set of criteria for determining local minima in the structure of the model graph is proposed. 3) The method has been verified on test problems.
 Conclusions. The theoretical studies and several experiments confirm the efficiency of the developed method. The solutions developed using the developed method are accurate, which makes it possible to recommend it for practical use in determining strategies for restoring the connectivity of fragmented network objects.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Early Detection of Epidural Hematoma

Head injury is an emergency condition that is still the leading cause of death. Manifestations of head injury may be accompanied by intracranial hemorrhage, one of which is epidural hemorrhage or epidural hematoma (EDH). This study aims to explore the potential application of artificial intelligence in the early detection of epidural hematoma with the main objective of improving early diagnosis and management of this condition. This paper uses a literature review study method derived from the analysis of various references. The references used have inclusion criteria in the form of full text type, related to the topic of discussion using "Artificial Intelligence", "Deep learning", and "epidural hematome". The result of this study is that EWS finds the presence of EDH in two or more images from a set of CT-Scans, the system will send an email to the medical practitioner with an attachment of images showing EDH for immediate action. In previous tests, the system successfully diagnosed 13 out of 27 patients with EDH, with 85% of the diagnoses having a high level of importance. This shows that the EWS has the potential to improve early detection and management of EDH cases, as well as provide medical practitioners with important information for appropriate action.

Analisa Kualitas Pelayanan dengan Pendekatan Service Quality dan Quality Function Deployment (Studi Kasus: Bagian PSA (Pelayanan Satu Atap di ITATS)

Higher education becomes not only the center of knowledge but also a place to explore and improve all aspects of excellent service that can improve its image. Therefore, every university will be increasingly required to always provide good service because students are always looking for the one that provides the best service for them. Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, or ITATS, is the most complete and qualified engineering college in East Java. However, there are still deficiencies in service quality that need to be improved, such as the quality of service for new student registration. The registration service at ITATS is still quite complicated, inefficient, and ineffective. This study aimed to determine the attributes of service quality and improve service performance in the future. It employed the service quality (servqual) and quality function deployment (QFD) methods. The results of the ITATS service quality research indicated that the biggest gap was in the assurance dimension, with a value of -0.39. Meanwhile, theemployee was the attribute with the highest level of importance that could provideservices effectively and efficiently