Higher Levels Of Identification Research Articles

Stability and Change in Sports Fandom Over Time: A Longitudinal Study of U.S. Women’s Professional Soccer Fandom

Scholars have recognized that sports fandom is not static, but temporal and fluid. However, little longitudinal research has traced the development of fandom over time. This analysis makes a new contribution to the sociology of fandom and women’s sport by drawing from interviews with 35 U.S. adults who attended the 2019 Women’s World Cup and were reinterviewed after the 2023 Women’s World Cup to consider how and why fandom of U.S. women’s professional soccer develops over time. Findings show stability in high levels of identification but fluctuating practices. Themes of the life course and opportunity structure show the importance of individual and team/league changes to fans’ ability to engage in a range of behavioral expressions associated with their fandom and also account for the small number of participants whose attachment to women’s soccer waned. By offering new insights into the factors that shape (changing) fan attachments and practices, we advance knowledge about women’s sport fans at a time when women’s soccer is undergoing rapid change. Our findings can also inform future longitudinal work in other sport contexts.

How subjective ethical congruence facilitates leadership identification construction: A followership perspective

AbstractThis study examines subordinate subjective congruence resulting from personal ethical identity and perceived ethical leadership (PEL) on followership behaviors, including: obedience, proactive, and constructive resistance behaviors through identification with supervisors. Using polynomial regressions, results from self‐reported data of 208 employees in China supported that higher level of identification with supervisor occurs because of the following: (1) ethical congruence rather than ethical incongruence; (2) high‐high rather than low‐low congruence; (3) incongruence when personal ethical identity is lower than PEL rather than when personal ethical identity is higher than PEL. Moreover, such perceived ethical congruence facilitates followership obedience and proactive behaviors but not constructive resistance behavior via identification with supervisors. Relevant theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Multiple social identities and well-being: Insights from a person-centred approach.

Recent research on social identity and identity integration suggests that individuals who have multiple identities and who also successfully integrate them are better adjusted. We combine predictions from these studies and examine how social identification, together with identity integration, are related to psychological well-being using a person-centred approach. A first study (N = 2705) showed that the identity configuration characterized by high levels of identification with organization and gender, as well as the perception that these identities are well integrated, is associated with the highest level of well-being. Conversely, the identity configuration characterized by low scores on gender and organization identifications and low levels of identity integration was associated with the lowest levels of well-being. These findings were replicated in a second study (N = 8987) where organization and age-group identification were analysed. We discuss the implications of these findings for the literatures on multiple social identities, identity integration and organizational climate.

Preliminary zooarchaeological analysis of the Phoenice and Butrint excavations (2021 campaign)

The recent archaeological excavation of the Butrint and Phoenice sites in south Albania allows to restart the zooarchaeological analysis. In these samples, the faunal remains have a high level of identification, and their taphonomic conditions show many cut marks. This preliminary zooarchaeological analysis of the Chaonia region show two very similar economies, where the breeding of the main domestic species is followed by a reasonable hunting activity. These preliminary considerations could be useful to environmental study of Epirote area, but also to improve the recovery protocol of these remains together with collaboration of the archaeologists.

Devising an approach to safety management of vessel control through the identification of navigator’s state

The object of this study is the processes of automated management of maritime safety by analyzing the manifestations of the human factor of sea navigators. The task solved is justified by the need for formal and logical analysis and intelligent identification of mental motivational states (MMS) of marine navigators whose actions can cause dangerous situations during the control of the ship’s movement. High accident rates due to the fault of the navigators, in the absence of automated means of monitoring their condition, cause a contradiction between the existing means of safety control in controlling the movement of the vessel and the modern requirements of navigation, which needs to be resolved. A safety management approach was devised that takes into account the specificity of navigational tasks and the p-adic classification of dangerous MMS for navigators. This has made it possible to create three security modes that are activated depending on the detected state of the navigator’s MMS. Features of the results are the combination of analysis by means of p-adic systems and intelligent methods of data processing. As a result, sufficient identification accuracy was obtained for more than 75 % of MMS through neural network training. Experimental data collected during the navigation watch, as well as on the Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland), became the basis for simulation by means of neural networks. In turn, the training of neural networks made it possible to obtain sufficient identification accuracy by performing up to 3000 iterations. Overall, the learning rate of the neural network was 0.98, which indicates a high level of identification. From a practical point of view, the results could be used for the automated management of shipping safety, as well as for evaluating the level of adaptation of the navigator to dynamically changing conditions. The proposed approach provides opportunities for the application of modern intelligent technologies in the field of maritime transport safety, namely artificial neural network tools that determine notification modes or activation of automatic ship traffic control modules. The specified contradiction requires the design of specialized systems for automated safety management of ship traffic control based on the identified states of navigators

Environmental orientation on the frontline: A boundary‐spanning perspective for supply chain management

AbstractFrontline employees (FLEs) are the face of every organization in the supply chain, and therefore, supply chain partners understand each other's environmental values through these interactions. An environmental orientation conveys a firm's commitment to the natural environment to both internal and external stakeholders along the supply chain. Building upon social identity theory within a boundary‐spanning perspective, we estimate a model which examines how this firm‐level orientation leads to FLE's environmental identification. These FLEs work harder and are more satisfied at higher levels of identification, which ultimately translates to perceptions of higher‐quality products and prosocial impact. FLE's perceptions of ethical leadership and trust in their organization moderate this serial mediation model. Together, we provide insights into the benefits of frontline employees who identify with an environmental organization.

Design and study of psychometric properties of the Community Attitude to Abortion Scale (CAAS) with the Chilean population: Autonomy and Stigma.

Attitudes toward abortion are related to structural, cultural, and direct gender-based violence. This violence can affect women's mental, physical and reproductive health. Therefore, it is essential to know the nature of community attitudes toward abortion. Since we currently do not have an instrument that measures attitudes towards abortion in Chile, we set the objective of this study to design the Community Attitude to Abortion Scale (CAAS) and analyze its psychometric properties in a Chilean community population. This work is an instrumental design study. Using a sampling of panelists by sociodemographic quotas, we obtained a sample of 1,223 participants with a mean age of 36.7 years (SD = 13.56). As a result, we obtained a scale of 18 items and two correlated factors, Autonomy and Stigma. This structure fits better as an Exploratory Structural Equations Model (ESEM). Both factors have excellent internal consistency. In addition, we obtained evidence of concurrent and discriminant validity: The scores on the factors of the Universal Religious Involvement Scale (I-E12) correlated negatively with Autonomy and positively with Stigma; participants with low levels of identification with a right-wing political orientation, with high levels of identification with a leftwing, pro-feminist, pro-LGBTQ +, and pro-euthanasia political orientation, obtained higher mean scores on Autonomy and lower on Stigma. The CAAS is an adequate tool for use with the Chilean community population, with evidence of consistency and validity. La CAAS is the first tool to measure attitudes to abortion in this country.

Work Motivation and Reactions to Injustice of Temporary Workers: Roles of Social Identities, Autonomy, and Compensations.

This article addresses the impact of temporary employment on workers' social identification, work motivation, and reactions to injustice at the workplace. More precisely, we examined whether organisational identification mediates the effect temporary work (compared to permanent employment) on work motivation, and reactions to injustice. We also examined whether autonomy in contract-choice and compensating features of job contracts (employment duration, qualification matching, and negotiated wages) have positive effects on the organisational and ingroup identifications of temporary workers. Finally, we examined whether ingroup identification of temporary workers act as a mediator and moderates the effect of organisational identification. Results from a survey comparing agency workers with fixed-term and permanent employees mainly from the industry sector first reveal that organisational identification mediates the negative effect of temporary work on work motivation and its positive association with self-centred reactions to injustice. Nevertheless, cluster analysis revealed the existence of three subgroups of agency workers, a minority of them-autonomous and compensated-having similarly high levels of identification and motivation than permanent employees. Additionally, autonomous and compensated workers identify more with their ingroup than low-autonomy and low-compensations workers, ingroup identification explaining their difference in terms of work motivation. Furthermore, ingroup identification of agency workers interact with organisational identification to determine their reactions to injustice. Implications, limitations, and research perspectives deriving from this study are discussed.

Artificial-Neural-Network-Based Surrogate Models for Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Structures: A Literature Review

It is often computationally expensive to monitor structural health using computer models. This time-consuming process can be relieved using surrogate models, which provide cheap-to-evaluate metamodels to replace the original expensive models. Because of their high accuracy, simplicity, and efficiency, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have gained considerable attention in this area. This paper reviews the application of ANNs as surrogates for structural health monitoring in the literature. Moreover, the review contains fundamental information, detailed discussions, wide comparisons, and suggestions for future research. Surrogates in this literature review are divided into parametric and nonparametric models. In the past, nonparametric models dominated this field, but parametric models have gained popularity in the recent decade. A parametric surrogate is commonly supplied with metaheuristic algorithms, and can provide high levels of identification. Recurrent networks, instead of traditional ANNs, have also become increasingly popular for nonparametric surrogates.

Superordinate identities and self-transcendent emotions: Longitudinal study in Spain and Chile.

Recent studies suggest that identification with all humanity (IWAH), apart from being related to universalistic values, could also be related to self-transcendent emotions (STE). In this scenario, the general objective of this cross-cultural longitudinal study is to examine the relationship between identification with proximate categories (i.e., community and country) and superordinate one (all humanity), and their association with positive self-oriented and STEs during a traumatic global phenomenon such as COVID-19 pandemics. Additionally, we explore variations regarding the patterns of those associations in different cultural contexts (Chile and Spain) and examine whether they change among two different time points (T1-T2). The total sample was composed of 403 participants, of whom 224 were residents in Chile (M = 39.25, SD = 12.56; range 18-71 years; 49.6% women) and 179 were residents in Spain (M = 36.35, SD = 12.12; range 18-68 years; 59.8% women). Data collection was carried out in September (T1) and November (T2) 2020, through online surveys administered via Survey Monkey® platform. Overall, results show, as expected, greater identification with proximate categories rather than superordinate ones, and an association between STEs and IWAH, but also with national and community identification. IWAH, but not STEs decreased significantly (T1-T2) in both countries. Thereafter, these emotional and behavioral responses decline as a symptom of growing fatigue with the pandemic situation, and also reflect a shift from broader to more local concerns. Analysis regarding comparisons between countries indicated higher levels of identification with community and with all humanity in Spain and with country in Chile. The results are discussed in the context of new developments in studies on IWAH.

Face reading the emotions of gelotophobes toward disparaging humorous advertising

Prior research has indicated that gelotophobia, people’s fear of being laughed at, influences their emotions toward a disparaging humorous event. Based on two experiments with a sample of 50 Greek participants each, the present study employed face recognition software to explore the emotions of gelotophobes, when exposed to an advertisement. It further examined the moderating role of the type of advertisement (i.e. a disparaging humorous ad vs. a non-disparaging non-humorous ad) and identification with the victim of the joke, on gelotophobes' emotions. At higher levels of identification with the victim, gelotophobes indicated lower levels of joy, joyful (Duchenne) smile, and a positive emotional valence toward a disparaging-humorous advertisement as opposed to non-gelotophobes. Joy was also found to mediate the negative effects of gelotophobia on attitude toward the ad.

Identity leadership in family businesses: The important role of nonfamily leaders

Nonfamily employees’ identification with the family firm is of importance as higher levels of identification are related to organizationally desired outcomes. However, nonfamily employees may display lower levels of identification when they perceive greater distance to the business and to the family or become demotivated by preferential treatment of family members. In this study, factors related to nonfamily employees’ organizational identification were investigated, thereby taking a leader-centered perspective. Drawing upon social identity theory, we assume that nonfamily leaders are more influential regarding nonfamily employees’ identification with the business and the family via strengthening identification with the team. We test our predictions across a two-wave study of 325 nonfamily employees of different family businesses. Interestingly, we find support that nonfamily leaders affect nonfamily employees’ identification with the family business and the owning family even more strongly than family leaders do. This effect, however, only occurs for nonfamily leaders operating within a high stewardship climate. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Demystifying factors fueling university brand evangelism in the higher education sector in Tanzania: A social identity perspective

Extant literature examines the role of alumni in supporting higher education institutions (HEIs) through donation behavior. However, scant empirical studies examine the influence of alumni in the context of extra-role brand building behaviour in HEIs. This study examines university identification and university social community identification in influencing university brand evangelism when mediated with a sense of belonging. The study collected data from 606 alumni of 15 HEIs in Tanzania and analyzed it using structural equation modelling. The findings reveal that most alumni engage in university brand evangelism when they are highly identified with their university and its entire social community. Furthermore, the findings confirm that a higher level of identification is inadequate to predict and explain university brand evangelism, unless a sense of belonging is included as a mediator. Therefore, HEIs’ management should build social and personal identification to stimulate a sense of belonging, which fuels alumni intent to engage in university brand evangelism.

The Link Between Memory, Narrative and Empathy in Teaching Difficult Knowledge in Holocaust Education

Research has shown that the use of first-person narrative can foster a high level of identification, empathy, and an increase in memory. However, little is known about the effect of first-person narrative in the teaching of difficult knowledge. In this study, we examine how pre-service teachers (PSTs) (N = 55) process difficult knowledge presented in a first-person narrative and a third-person narrative film, using behavioral measures of empathy, level of previous knowledge and of short-term and long-term memory. What was surprising about the findings in this study was that the third-person narrative film contributed to a higher performance in both short-term and long-term memory compared to the first-person narrative film.

Molecular taxonomy via DNA barcodes for species identification in selected genera of Fabaceae

Fabaceae is an invaluable plant family with considerable ecological and economic importances for example as food sources, bio-fertilizer, and medicinal plants. However, Fabaceae has been overexploited in Indonesia and several species belong to this family are critically endangered. Due to morphological similarity, rapid and accurate identification of Fabaceae species is essential to support its conservation efforts. Nowadays, species identification through DNA barcoding has become an effective taxonomic classification tool. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chloroplast markers, matK and rbcL and the combination (matK+rbcL), as DNA barcodes for the identification of seleted genera in Fabaceae. The result showed that matK+rbcL and matK had the highest level of identification (90% and 82.05%) of the investigated genera, respectively. Additionally, matK had the highest mean of interspesific distance (0.134) and intraspecific distance (0.003). The combined barcode matK+rbcL had the highest correct identification rate when comparing the morphological with molecular identification. Furthermore, the best phylogenetic tree was obtained using Neighbor Joining method. Based on the overall performance, matK and matK+rbcL were the best barcodes for the selected genera in this study.

A Digital Storytelling Intervention for Vietnamese American Mothers to Promote Their Children's HPV Vaccination.

HPV vaccination has effectively prevented its related cancers. A culturally and linguistically congruent DST intervention targeting HPV vaccination can increase mothers' intention to vaccinate their children. See related Spotlight, p. 419.

Deep learning-aided automated personal data discovery and profiling

In Turkey, Turkish Personal Data Protection Rule (PDPR) No. 6698, in force since 2016, provides protection to citizens for the legal existence of their personal data. Although the law provides excellent guidance, companies currently face challenges in complying with its regulations in terms of storing, sharing, or monitoring personal data. Since any specially designed software with wide industrial usage is not on the market, almost all of the companies have no other choice but to take expensive and error-prone operations manually to ensure their compliance. In this paper, we present an automated solution to facilitate and accelerate PDPR compliance. In a structured or unstructured document, words or phrases that could include personal data entities are tagged with the help of a Bi-LSTM based named entity recognition model and a rule-based matching component that employs contextual analysis. To find associations in personal data and obtain individual personal profiles, these entities are divided into categories according to their confidence levels. Personal profiles are constructed using an approach similar to clustering. It treats the personal data categories with high identification levels as separate clusters and finds related personal data entities at the left and/or right of its contexts. We evaluated the system on a data set formed of 70 documents of different types and personal data entities. We obtained 91.76 % micro-averaged F1-measure for personal data entity classification and 72.46 % accuracy for profile extraction. We also performed experiments related to the performance of the named entity recognition and to the time complexity of the overall system on a data set formed of 33K documents.

The influence of job crafting on the quality of care provided by nursing home employees: The moderating effect of organizational identification

Our goal was to analyze the positive effect of job crafting activities involving nursing home employees on their perceived quality of care, and the moderating effect of organizational identification. A two-wave non-experimental design (with an interval of 12 months) was used. The Job Crafting Questionnaire, the Identification-Commitment Inventory, and the Quality of Care Questionnaire (QoC) were administered to 226 nursing home employees in two waves. The results of the hierarchical regression analyses found significant association between job crafting subdimensions and quality of care twelve months later. Organizational identification was shown to play a moderating role in these relationships when analyzing the effect of cognitive crafting. In this sense, the effect of cognitive crafting on quality of care is only found with high levels of identification. The findings highlight the importance of the job crafting dimensions (task, relational and cognitive) when it comes to enhancing quality of care in residential homes for the elderly. This is especially relevant for cognitive crafting among employees with high levels of organizational identification. This research provides managers with guidance when allocating job crafting opportunities aimed at making improvements in quality of care. In this respect, organizations must offer job crafting training to stimulate and support their employees and, on the other hand, managers should encourage employees to craft their jobs, gearing their needs, abilities, and goals to corporate values and competencies.

Suicidality in childhood abuse survivors – the contribution of identification with the aggressor

ObjectiveChildhood abuse survivors are at risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Research has indicated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and dissociation are related to elevated suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) among this population. At the same time, although the theoretical and clinical literature in the trauma field have suggested that survivors’ pathological attachment to their perpetrators, known as identification with the aggressor, might explain SIB, this supposition has not been investigated to date. MethodFilling this gap, this study explored the associations between identification with the aggressor, PTSD symptoms, dissociation, and SIB among 589 adult survivors of childhood abuse. ResultsIdentification with the aggressor, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation were related to elevated levels in suicidal ideation and behavior. Furthermore, profile type (namely, having high versus medium or low levels of identification with the aggressor, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation) was implicated in participants’ SIB: Participants who adhered to a profile characterized by high levels of identification with the aggressor, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation had higher levels of suicide risk and suicidal ideation, as well as higher odds of reporting a history of suicide attempts, compared to participants who adhered to the other two profiles (i.e., characterized by medium or low levels of identification with the aggressor, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation). LimitationsThis study relied on convenience sampling and a cross-sectional design. ConclusionsIdentification with the aggressor might serve, alongside PTSD symptoms and dissociation, as a risk factor for suicidal ideation and behavior among childhood abuse survivors.

Knowledge sharing, organizational commitment and turnover intention among knowledge workers: a knowledge-based perspective

PurposeThis study aims to theorize a knowledge-based perspective on organizational commitment and turnover intentions among knowledge workers. The authors contribute by examining the impact of knowledge sharing, and managerial human capital respectively, on commitment and turnover in a sample of 274 knowledge workers (engineers) from India. Additionally, the authors examine the crucial moderating role of intra-firm causal ambiguity on these relationships.Design/methodology/approachUsing structural equation modeling and analysis of survey responses, the authors test a moderated mediation model to provide evidence of the positive impact of knowledge sharing and human capital, respectively, on turnover intention, mediated by organizational commitment. More importantly, the authors theorize and present evidence on the moderating role of intra-firm causal ambiguity, on these relationships.FindingsThe authors find that knowledge sharing behaviors are both intrinsically and extrinsically motivating for knowledge workers, which results in their emotional attachments and higher levels of identification and commitment, which subsequently results in lower turnover intention. Our findings also highlight the role of intra-firm causal ambiguity in making things difficult for organizations to retain talented employees in tough environments.Originality/valueThe authors provide a knowledge-based perspective of commitment and turnover in knowledge-intensive work contexts. The authors also contribute by provide an interesting account of the role of intra-firm causal ambiguity in knowledge processes leading to commitment.