High Levels Of Absenteeism Research Articles

Exploring Students' Knowledge about Hand Washing with Soap Through Video Media at Middle School

Purpose of the study: This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using video media in increasing students' knowledge and attitudes about the importance of washing hands with soap at Public Middle School 31 North Bengkulu Methodology: This research uses quantitative methods with a pre-experimental One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The research population was class III students at Public Middle School 31 North Bengkulu, with a sample of 35 students selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test to test the difference between pretest and posttest results. Main Findings: This study concludes that the use of video media as a health promotion tool significantly increases the knowledge and attitudes of students at Public Middle School 31 North Bengkulu towards the importance of washing hands with soap. Video media is proven to be more effective than conventional methods in attracting attention and increasing student participation during the learning process Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is very urgent considering the high rate of transmission of infectious diseases among adolescents which can have a significant impact on their health and school attendance. Infectious diseases such as flu, diarrhea and respiratory infections often spread quickly in the school environment, causing high levels of absenteeism and reducing learning productivity.

Wearable Technology: A Wellbeing Option for Serving Police Officers and Staff? A Comparison of Results of a Pilot Study with Firearms Officers and a Group of Mixed Officers and Staff.

The high-stress nature of policing contributes to deterioration of officer health and wellbeing as well as high levels of absenteeism and attrition. Wearable technology (WT) has been identified as a potential tool that can help in improving officer health and wellbeing. This pilot study aimed to give initial insight into acceptability and engagement with WT amongst officers. The study also aimed to uncover any notable areas for exploration in future research within the domain of officer health and wellbeing. Two groups were observed, firearms officers and a mixed group of officers. Participants wore the WT for an extended period, completed a variety of health and wellbeing questionnaires and discussed their experience in focus groups. Firearms officers and mixed group officers displayed similar sleep efficiency, but firearms officers have worse sleep consistency and sleep performance. Firearms officers appear to have higher HRV and a slightly lower resting heart rate. Both groups display reasonable acceptance of the use of WT, speaking favorably during the focus groups of how monitoring the data had improved their quality of life in terms of their understanding of sleep, wellbeing and how they had consequently completed lifestyle modification. WT offers some promise in managing officer health and wellbeing; studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm this.

Are older workers a saviour for recruitment problems in the hospitality industry?

This opinion piece discusses the potential for older workers to help alieviate recruitment problems in the hospitality industry. These problems have been made worse by the Covid-19 Pandemic and, in the UK, by Brexit and changes to immigration rules. There are many advantages of employing older workers in the hospitality industry but there is a persistent paradigm that older workers are resistent to change, have higher levels of absenteeism and possess poor IT skills. As many of the issues associated with barriers to the employment of older workers are due to negative stereotying and subtle bias, the author advocates the application of Implicit Bias Theory to uncover and subsequetly help address discrimination against older workers.

Children's absenteeism from pre-K to kindergarten: A focus on children receiving child care subsidies

As many as 48% of children in prekindergarten (pre-K) miss a month or more of the pre-K year (i.e., 10% or more of the school year), and high levels of absenteeism are associated with adverse academic and social-emotional outcomes in pre-K and in K-12. To date, no studies have examined absenteeism specifically among children receiving child care subsidies, a population of children who may be at greater risk for high absenteeism. Moreover, few studies have explored absenteeism in diverse early care and education (ECE) programs beyond public school pre-K or Head Start programs. This study uses administrative data from Massachusetts to address these gaps by (1) documenting absenteeism rates for children receiving subsidies during the pre-K year in both family child care (FCC) and center-based care (CBC) programs and in kindergarten; and (2) testing whether pre-K absenteeism is associated with kindergarten absenteeism in the full sample and by ECE program type. Results show that children enrolled in subsidized care were absent for an average 8.4% of the school year in pre-K and 5.9% of the school year in kindergarten. Absenteeism rates were lower in pre-K but slightly higher in kindergarten among children enrolled in FCCs, compared to those enrolled in CBCs (Pre-K: 7.2 versus 8.7%; Kindergarten: 6.2 vs 5.8%, respectively). Results from multilevel regression analyses showed that the associations between pre-K and kindergarten absenteeism were positive for children enrolled in both CBC and FCC programs. By documenting the prevalence of absenteeism among a sample of children receiving child care subsidies in diverse ECE programs, this study provides implications for ECE and child care subsidy research, policy, and practice.

Sick Leave Determinants in the Healthcare Sector (Part I): A Review of Contextual Factors

Background: This study aims to describe contextual factors that influence and contribute to sick leave in healthcare, especially in hospital settings. This review would provide a valuable, comprehensive, and evidence-based resource for readers interested in effective human resource management and healthcare or hospital workforce planning. This review referred to studies on the determinants of absenteeism in the healthcare setting. Methods: To ensure that pertinent papers (2004 – 2022) were identified, a literature search was performed searching Google Scholar, Econ Lit, PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, Scopus, Medline, PsychInfo, and Web of Science. All abstracts were screened to identify papers that empirically investigated contextual factors of work absence in healthcare populations. A total of 126 papers were initially identified. These were reduced to 61 papers using pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Contextual factors such as nature of work, cultural expectations, economic conditions, and seasonality have moderately strong associations with absence. There is a negative relationship between high psychological demands and work-related absenteeism. The key factors associated with sickness absence in healthcare staff were long hours worked, night shifts, changing rostering patterns, work overload and stress, physically demanding roles, poor social support. Other contextual factors such as cultural norms and expectations that support poor attendance reflected strong association with absence levels. Economic conditions are negatively associated with absenteeism as a result of job security fears. Absenteeism is more pronounced during winter and school holidays. Conclusions: The review concluded that interventions such as screening the prior attendance levels of potential employees would assist greatly in terms of absenteeism rates, while monitoring current absence patterns of existing employees will negate the development of cultural norms in the workplace. Many of the contextual related variables associated with high levels of absenteeism are reducible with the development of screening and monitoring tools.

Burden of schizophrenia among Japanese patients: a cross-sectional National Health and Wellness Survey

BackgroundSchizophrenia places a great humanistic and financial burden to patients, families, and societies, and the burden is substantially impacted by comorbid conditions. This study aimed to estimate the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia and to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and indirect cost among schizophrenia patients with and without comorbidities (depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety problems).MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of existing data collected in 2019 from the Japan National Health and Wellness Survey. The schizophrenia patients were categorized based on their Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score, self-reported experience of sleep disturbances, and anxiety problems. The lifetime prevalence was estimated using the total number of diagnosed schizophrenia patients as the numerator and the total number of respondents as the denominator. The HRQoL was evaluated through the Short Form 12-Item (version 2) Health Survey and EuroQoL 5-dimensions scale. Work productivity and annual indirect costs were evaluated through the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment instrument and monthly wage rates. Multivariate analyses included the comparison of outcomes using generalized linear models.ResultsThe study was conducted with 178 schizophrenia patients with an average age of 42.7 years old and an estimated lifetime prevalence of 0.59% (95% CI: 0.51%, 0.68%). Patients who experienced sleep disturbances, more severe depressive symptoms, and anxiety problems had lower HRQoL, higher levels of absenteeism, presenteeism, total work productivity and activity impairment, and almost twice more indirect costs, compared to those without these conditions.ConclusionComorbid conditions among patients with schizophrenia impact significantly on their quality of life, work productivity as well as indirect costs.

The Effect of Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Work Discipline on Employee Performance

The problems experienced by employees at Suzuki Finance Banjarmasin include decreased work motivation and job satisfaction which affect decreasing employee performance. One indication is the high level of absenteeism and tardiness that is increasing, which is one of the factors that is thought to be the cause of the decline in employee performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of motivation, job satisfaction, and work discipline on employee performance, either simultaneously or partially, and also to determine the most dominant independent variable affecting employee performance. The population in this study was all employees of the Suzuki Finance Banjarmasin office. The research sample was 33 people using the census technique (saturated sampling) and analyzed by multiple linear regression data analysis technique using the SPSS-25 computer application. Based on the results of this study, it is known that simultaneously motivation, job satisfaction, and work discipline have a significant effect on employee performance, partially, only two variables, namely job satisfaction, and work discipline, have a significant effect on employee performance, job satisfaction has a dominant effect on employee performance.

Omicron exposes critical infrastructure dependencies in Australia

Covid 19 / Omicron has is causing high levels of absenteeism among the workforce. While the impact on the supply chain is being acknowledged, risks to the stability of critical infrastructure systems are not. The mutual inter-dependencies of complex systems such as power, transport and internet need to be better understood.

ANALISIS KINERJA KARYAWAN DIVISI PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH DAN LIMBAH B3 PADA CV TJEK ENTIS DI KOTA SURABAYA

Human resources play an important role in achieving organizational goals, the ability of human resources must be thoroughly tested so that they are able to do all the work assigned to them. From the initial survey it is known that the high level of absenteeism of employees can affect organizational performance. The purpose of this study was to find out how the performance of employees of the B3 Waste and Waste Management Division at CV. Tjek Entis. The method used in this study is a survey method by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The sample used in this study were 50 employees. The results of this study show that quality, quantity, timeliness and cooperation are good. Whereas in the presence dimension there is an indicator with a low value, for that it is expected that the leader can provide motivation to employees with reward or punishment in order to increase employee attendance at work.

Socioeconomic status and school absenteeism: A systematic review and narrative synthesis

AbstractSchool absenteeism is detrimental to life course outcomes and is known to be socioeconomically stratified. However, the link between socioeconomic status (SES) and school absence is complex given the multidimensional nature of both family SES (e.g., income, education, occupational status) and absenteeism (e.g., truancy, sickness, suspension). Despite the vast literature on socioeconomic inequalities in school attendance, no systematic review on SES and school absenteeism exists. This study systematically reviewed and provides a narrative synthesis of journal articles (n = 55) published between 1998 to 2019 on the association between SES dimensions and forms of absenteeism. The majority of studies from high‐income contexts found an association between SES and absenteeism in the expected direction, albeit on average with small effect sizes. Studies largely confirmed these findings among populations at risk of school absence and those from low‐ and middle‐income countries. There was greater evidence for an association between absenteeism and SES measured at the family than the school level. Studies using SES measures of financial resources (e.g., free or reduced‐price lunch) provided more evidence for this association than studies measuring sociocultural resources (e.g., parental education). We found limited evidence that socioeconomic gaps in absenteeism vary by the reasons for absence. Research on the mediating pathways between SES and absenteeism is sparse. A key implication is that attempts to address inequalities in educational outcomes must include tackling SES gaps in school attendance. Context and implicationsRationale for this studyOur narrative review synthesised the literature on socioeconomic status (SES) and school absenteeism.Why the new findings matterInequalities in school absenteeism may partly account for socioeconomic disparities in children’s academic achievement. We found that lower SES is associated with higher levels of absenteeism in most of the studies we reviewed, including among disadvantaged groups.Implications for policy‐makers and practitionersGiven robust evidence that school absences are detrimental to children’s academic achievement, policy‐makers and practitioners need to place an explicit focus on addressing socioeconomic disparities in school attendance in order to close SES achievement gaps. This will be particularly important in tackling the consequences of Covid‐19 related school closures around the world. An intersectional approach that addresses multiple disadvantages should be adopted to tackle inequalities in school attendance. Researchers should address several gaps, such as directly comparing SES effects across different reasons for absenteeism and examining the mechanisms by which SES leads to absenteeism.

Understanding the Barriers and Facilitators to Employment for People with Bipolar Disorder.

People with Bipolar Disorder (BD) consistently report a desire for employment; however, this is not reflected in employment figures. Individuals' perceptions of barriers to employment, along with endorsement of facilitators to employment remain under-investigated. We aimed to address this limitation by: (i) first examining differences in employed versus unemployed individuals (demographic, clinical, functioning); then (ii) identifying barriers and/or facilitators to employment, perception of same, and subsequent impact on employment. We assessed demographics, functioning, and illness-related characteristics in 35 participants with BD (19 employed, 16 unemployed). Participants were asked to indicate perception of common barriers and facilitators to employment. Groups did not differ regarding demographic or clinical variables. High levels of absenteeism, termination of last role and commonly perceived barriers were attributed to mental ill-health. 93.3% of unemployed participants reportedly desired employment, and more perceived barriers were observed in the unemployed group. Identified facilitators included increased support and flexible work strategies. A comprehensive understanding of perceptions of limiting and helpful factors related to employment for people with BD was obtained. These findings have implications for service provision, encouraging targeted discussion, and tailored treatment approaches to individual's unique perceptions of factors related to employment.

Unemployment and Poverty Rise in Nigeria: Implications for Increasing Learners’ Social-Emotional and Cognitive Development Through Inclusive Critical Storytelling Pedagogy

This paper presented a review of research on factors that impact social-emotional and cognitive development (SEC) of children for their effective functioning in the society; the widening gap between SEC development of low and high income students, and as well highlighted reasons why teachers should care about these research findings and SEC development of poor learners. Poor social-emotional development is associated with anti-social behaviours which could have indirect negative effects – such as poor leadership, increased criminality, human rights violation, violence, poor societal development, etc. – on a society. Poor cognitive development affects individual’s executive functioning skills (e.g. critical thinking) which are vital for informed and good judgment or decision making. Factors, such as income, parenting style, brain development, nature of neighbourhood, personality, etc., are however, implicated as influencing SEC development. The paper further highlighted theoretical and empirical recommendations for bridging existing SEC gap between low and high income students, and situated the suggestions within a developing context, Nigeria. It showed what Nigeria –devastated by poverty and unemployment that hamper adequate SEC development– has done to bridge SEC gap between well-off and poor students (e.g. introduction of Universal Basic Education Scheme, free lunch, free textbooks, etc) and argued that many structural factors (geographical structure, corruption, etc.) limit their effectiveness as there are still high number of out-of-school children, and high level of absenteeism from and dropping out of school among school age students in the country. Recognizing that most teachers suffer socioecomonomic challenges as their students, and as well face structural challenges that limit their adoption and application of effective and efficient teaching practices and other solutions suggested in reviewed literature, the paper suggested inclusive critical storytelling pedagogy as an alternative for teachers in poor contexts. The paper discussed and illustrated how inclusive critical storytelling pedagogy could be applied by teachers for motivational, methodological, and evaluative purposes in the classroom to foster and promote SEC development among students, especially disadvantaged students.

Harassment, Discrimination, and Bullying in Orthopaedics: A Work Environment and Culture Survey.

The presence of discrimination, bullying, sexual harassment, and harassment (DBSH) in the healthcare workplace negatively affects the health and well-being of providers and is associated with poor mental health, low self-esteem, high levels of absenteeism, and low levels of productivity. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) developed and distributed a survey to a subset of AAOS members to assess the climate of workplace safety and overall workplace culture. Women and underrepresented minority (URM) AAOS members and an equal number of randomly selected non-URM men were invited to participate in the survey. Nine hundred twenty-seven of 5,638 (16.4%) members responded to the survey. Sixty-six percent of respondents reported experiencing DBSH behavior with specific exposures to DBSH of 79%, 55%, 47%, and 40%, respectively. Women (81%) were more likely than men (35%) to have experienced these behaviors. Fifty-eight percent of respondents reported that their workplaces were equipped to deal effectively with DBSH behaviors. DBSH behaviors occur in the orthopaedic workplace. More attention to these issues is necessary to ensure that all orthopaedic surgeons in training and in practice have a safe work environment that is inclusive, equitable, and health-promoting. N/A.

Impact of Cognitive Symptoms on Health-Related Quality of Life and Work Productivity in Chinese Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Results from the PROACT Study.

PurposeThis post hoc analysis was undertaken to further explore the association of cognitive symptoms with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity at the time of treatment initiation in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in the Prospective Research Observation to Assess Cognition in Treated patients with MDD (PROACT) study.Patients and MethodsThis was an epidemiological, non-interventional, prospective cohort study in adult outpatients with moderate-to-severe MDD initiating antidepressant monotherapy (first or second line). Crude and adjusted analyses of covariance were performed to assess the association of perceived cognitive symptoms (20-item Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression [PDQ-D] total score) or observed cognitive performance (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST] score) with HRQoL (EuroQoL 5-Dimensions Questionnaire index) and work productivity (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment [WPAI] or Sheehan Disability Scale [SDS] absenteeism and presenteeism scores). Adjusted analyses included depression severity, age, sex, residential area (urban/rural), and educational level.ResultsOf 1008 patients enrolled in the PROACT study, 986 were included in this analysis. Severity of perceived cognitive symptoms (ie, higher PDQ-D total score) was significantly associated with worse HRQoL (P<0.001) and higher levels of absenteeism (P=0.020 for the WPAI and P=0.002 for the SDS) and presenteeism (P<0.001 for both scales). The association of perceived cognitive symptoms with HRQoL and presenteeism was independent of depression severity. The association between observed cognitive performance (DSST score) and HRQoL was less robust. No association was seen between observed cognitive performance and levels of absenteeism or presenteeism assessed by either scale.ConclusionResults of this real-world study illustrate the impact of cognitive symptoms on HRQoL and work productivity in Chinese patients with MDD, and highlight the importance of assessing and targeting cognitive symptoms in order to improve functional outcomes when treating patients with MDD.

Internalizing Symptoms as Predictors of School Absenteeism Severity at Multiple Levels: Ensemble and Classification and Regression Tree Analysis.

School attendance problems are highly prevalent worldwide, leading researchers to investigate many different risk factors for this population. Of considerable controversy is how internalizing behavior problems might help to distinguish different types of youth with school attendance problems. In addition, efforts are ongoing to identify the point at which children and adolescents move from appropriate school attendance to problematic school absenteeism. The present study utilized ensemble and classification and regression tree analysis to identify potential internalizing behavior risk factors among youth at different levels of school absenteeism severity (i.e., 1+%, 3+%, 5+%, 10+%). Higher levels of absenteeism were also examined on an exploratory basis. Participants included 160 youth aged 6–19 years (M = 13.7; SD = 2.9) and their families from an outpatient therapy clinic (39.4%) and community (60.6%) setting, the latter from a family court and truancy diversion program cohort. One particular item relating to lack of enjoyment was most predictive of absenteeism severity at different levels, though not among the highest levels. Other internalizing items were also predictive of various levels of absenteeism severity, but only in a negatively endorsed fashion. Internalizing symptoms of worry and fatigue tended to be endorsed higher across less severe and more severe absenteeism severity levels. A general expectation that predictors would tend to be more homogeneous at higher than lower levels of absenteeism severity was not generally supported. The results help confirm the difficulty of conceptualizing this population based on forms of behavior but may support the need for early warning sign screening for youth at risk for school attendance problems.

PMH53 IMPACT OF COGNITIVE SYMPTOMS ON HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND WORK PRODUCTIVITY IN CHINESE PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: RESULTS FROM THE PROACT STUDY

Cognitive symptoms are common and prominent among MDD patients, they can interfere with a patient’s everyday life and work productivity. However, research examining the impact of cognitive symptoms on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity in Chinese patients with MDD was lacking. The objective of this study was to assess the association between cognitive symptoms and HRQoL and work productivity in Chinese patients. The Prospective Research Observation to Assess Cognition in Treated MDD patients (PROACT) is an epidemiologic, non-interventional, prospective, multi-site study of Chinese MDD outpatients, aged 18–65 years, initiating new antidepressant monotherapy. HAM-D17 and the 9-item PHQ-9 were used to evaluate depression severity. PDQ-D and DSST were used to evaluate perceived cognitive symptoms and cognitive performance respectively. HRQoL was assessed using EQ-5D and work productivity was assessed by WPAI and SDS. Analyses of covariance were performed to determine the association of cognitive symptoms with HRQoL and work productivity. A total of 986 patients were included in this analysis. Mean age (SD) was 35.9 (12.0) years and 68.5% of patients were female. Severity of perceived cognitive symptoms (higher total PDQ-D score) was found to be significantly associated with both lower HRQoL (p<0.001) and higher levels of absenteeism (p=0.020 for the WPAI and p=0.002 for the SDS) and presenteeism (p<0.001 for both scales), even when adjusted for baseline depression severity. The association between observed cognitive performance (DSST score) and HRQoL was less robust. Cognitive symptoms were significantly associated with HRQoL and work productivity in Chinese patients with MDD. It is important to assess and target cognitive symptoms in order to improve functional outcomes when treating patients with MDD.

Family Environment Variables as Predictors of School Absenteeism Severity at Multiple Levels: Ensemble and Classification and Regression Tree Analysis.

School attendance problems, including school absenteeism, are common to many students worldwide, and frameworks to better understand these heterogeneous students include multiple classes or tiers of intertwined risk factors as well as interventions. Recent studies have thus examined risk factors at varying levels of absenteeism severity to demarcate distinctions among these tiers. Prior studies in this regard have focused more on demographic and academic variables and less on family environment risk factors that are endemic to this population. The present study utilized ensemble and classification and regression tree analysis to identify potential family environment risk factors among youth (i.e., children and adolescents) at different levels of school absenteeism severity (i.e., 1 + %, 3 + %, 5 + %, 10 + %). Higher levels of absenteeism were also examined on an exploratory basis. Participants included 341 youth aged 5–17 years (M = 12.2; SD = 3.3) and their families from an outpatient therapy clinic (68.3%) and community (31.7%) setting, the latter from a family court and truancy diversion program cohort. Family environment risk factors tended to be more circumscribed and informative at higher levels of absenteeism, with greater diversity at lower levels. Higher levels of absenteeism appear more closely related to lower achievement orientation, active-recreational orientation, cohesion, and expressiveness, though several nuanced results were found as well. Absenteeism severity levels of 10–15% may be associated more with qualitative changes in family functioning. These data may support a Tier 2-Tier 3 distinction in this regard and may indicate the need for specific family-based intervention goals at higher levels of absenteeism severity.

FACTORS RELATED TO TEACHER’S STRESS OF PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

Stress is a phenomen on that day by day is affecting the societies of all developed and developing countries.This is one of the most frequently used words since many people are facing every day with different loads, such in their jobs, in traffic, at home, and other places, and which loads sometimes become unmanageable. Constant and high intensity load and pressure give stress, which affects the quality of life and the results at work. So stressful situations, or stresors that give stress, are many, and we can find them in almost all areas where we live, but among the places, that stress is almost constant is the working place.Work can be a source of life satisfaction and self-esteem, but it can also be a source of great stress. Job stress depends on the fit of the worker to the position. Some people thrive in a high-stress, busy environment, whereas others feel overwhelmed. However, some situations are stressful for almost everybody, such as feeling as if your job is at risk or as if you can’t trust your bosses and colleagues. (Greenberg, M. 2016).Work stress exists when people perceive that they have difficulty in coping with the demands relating to work and that their sense of well-being is being threatened. (Kahatano, F. F. 2015). Occupational stress has negative effects on both the organisation and individuals employed by the organisation. In the organisation it can result in high levels of absenteeism, reduced productivity and compromised levels of patient care. (Gam, P. N., 2015) It is clear that there is stress on most of the employees in Kosovo, ann meanwhile it is indisputable, only differentiates the intensity of experienced stress. And from the stress situations could not escape even the teachers who face difficulties in their work. Teachers, in addition to the obligations they have with their students at school, sometimes have disagreement with colleagues, school principal, or other family problems that are not related to the teaching process but affect the teaching process. So the teachers, having a lot of problems and vicissitudes, feel the stress. The purpose of studying this topic is to find the factors that influence the cause of the teacher's stress. Empirical results showed that there are differences in the level of stress among elementary and lower secondary teachers and uppersecondary school teachers, whereas theuppersecondary school teachers have higher levels of stres, where the value of F=3.378 and p=0.036&lt;0.05.Based on empirical results, it can be concluded that uppersecondary school teachers experience more stress than primary and lower secondary teachers. Regarding the level of stress, to female and masculine teachers, the value of sig. for equal variances assumed, p=0.04&lt;0.05, whereas for the same variances not assumed, p=0.039&lt;0.05. Both values indicate that there are statistically significant differences between female and male gender teachers regarding the level of stress at work. The results showed that most of the factors related to the workplace are related to the teachers’ stress.

Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Jabatan Fungsional Analis Kepegawaian di Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan

Human resource planning is done to anticipate the demands or needs of the organization's workforce in the future, so that a person's performance in the organization is one of the factors that determine the success of an organization. Human resources that lack attention will lead to unrest, a decrease in enthusiasm and enthusiasm for work, a decline in loyalty and achievement in question. With the decline in enthusiasm and enthusiasm for work, it will result in a high level of absenteeism that can harm the organization. The functional position of the staff analyst is the spearhead of PNS management so that it must understand staffing management starting from recruitment, placement and promotion to dismissal, besides expecting Diklat participants to become agents of change towards the negative image of civil servants and also having to carry out the function of socializing regulatory staff in their work environment . The approach in this study is qualitative. A qualitative approach is used because the main purpose of this study seeks to provide an overview in the implementation of Human Resource Development in the Job Analyst Functional Position in the Health Research and Development Agency. In this study using three components that influence the success of human resource development functional positions of staff analysts, namely individual development, career development, performance management.

Contextualising the pervasive impact of macroeconomic austerity on prison health in England: a qualitative study among international policymakers

BackgroundPrisons offer the state the opportunity to gain access to a population that is at particularly high risk of ill-health. Despite the supportive legal and policy structures surrounding prison rehabilitation, the oppressive nature of the austerity policy in England threatens its advanced improvement.MethodsUsing grounded theory methodology, this is the first interdisciplinary qualitative study to explore the impact of macroeconomic austerity on prison health in England from the perspective of 29 international prison policymakers.ResultsThe far-reaching impact of austerity in England has established a regressive political system that shapes the societal attitude towards social issues, which has exacerbated the existing poor health of the prisoners. Austerity has undermined the notion of social collectivism, imposed a culture of acceptance among prison bureaucrats and the wider community, and normalised the devastating impacts of prison instability. These developments are evidenced by the increasing levels of suicide, violence, radicalisation and prison gangs among prisoners, as well as the imposition of long working hours and the high levels of absenteeism among prison staff.ConclusionsThis study underscores an important and yet unarticulated phenomenon that despite being the fifth largest economy in the world, England’s poorest, marginalised and excluded population continues to bear the brunt of austerity. Reducing the prison population, using international obligations as minimum standards to protect prisoners’ right to health and providing greater resources would create a more positive and inclusive system, in line with England’s international and domestic commitments to the humane treatment of all people.