Higher Hierarchy Research Articles

HINTERLAND MEDAN CITY BETWEEN BINJAI CITY: A GRAVITATION APPROACH

Regional economy explains that there is an urban hierarchical relationship, cities that have higher hierarchy will serve cities that are below it as well as cities that are in the hierarchy undersupplying cities that are in the hierarchy above them, so there is a gravitational relationship between the two. This study aims to determine the gravitational relationship of Medan city to the hinterland of the city of Binjai. Furthermore, this study also wants to explain its influence on economic growth in both cities. This analysis tools used are descriptive statistics, gravity models, unit root test, co-integration test, optimal lag, VECM, Granger causality test, impulse response function, and variance decomposition. The results showed that the city of Medan has a gravity style greater than the gravitational style of the city of Binjai. The VECM estimation results show that the gravitational variable in the city of Binjai in lag -1 and lag-2 has a positive and significant effect on the economy of Medan city. Then the economic variable of the city of Binjai itself in lag-1, the population of the city of Medan in lag-2 and the gravity of the city of Medan in lag-2 had a positive and significant effect on the economy of Binjai city. While the variable population of Binjai city in lag -1 and residents of the city of Medan in lag -1 negatively affected the economy of Binjai city.

Exploring regulatory networks in plants: transcription factors of starch metabolism.

Biological networks are complex (non-linear), redundant (cyclic) and compartmentalized at the subcellular level. Rational manipulation of plant metabolism may have failed due to inherent difficulties of a comprehensive understanding of regulatory loops. We first need to identify key factors controlling the regulatory loops of primary metabolism. The paradigms of plant networks are revised in order to highlight the differences between metabolic and transcriptional networks. Comparison between animal and plant transcription factors (TFs) reveal some important differences. Plant transcriptional networks function at a lower hierarchy compared to animal regulatory networks. Plant genomes contain more TFs than animal genomes, but plant proteins are smaller and have less domains as animal proteins which are often multifunctional. We briefly summarize mutant analysis and co-expression results pinpointing some TFs regulating starch enzymes in plants. Detailed information is provided about biochemical reactions, TFs and cis regulatory motifs involved in sucrose-starch metabolism, in both source and sink tissues. Examples about coordinated responses to hormones and environmental cues in different tissues and species are listed. Further advancements require combined data from single-cell transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. Cell fractionation and subcellular inspection may provide valuable insights. We propose that shuffling of promoter elements might be a promising strategy to improve in the near future starch content, crop yield or food quality.

Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of Dense GPS Data and Examination of the Nature of the Clusters Associated With Regional Tectonics in Taiwan

AbstractCollision of the Luzon Volcanic Arc is the primary causative factor behind the creation of Taiwan Island. Additionally, the indention of the Peikang basement highs in the Taiwan Strait and the back arc spreading of the Okinawa Trough are responsible for the characteristic tectonics in Taiwan. Identification of active tectonic boundaries is important for understanding neotectonics in Taiwan. We analyzed Global Positioning System (GPS) horizontal velocity data in Taiwan with a hierarchical cluster analysis method. We also developed a statistical scheme introducing information entropy to quantitatively assess the fuzziness of the obtained cluster boundaries, which enables us to distinguish a trustworthy discontinuity. The hierarchical representation, which is expressed by a dendrogram, suggests the relative importance of tectonic sources in this region. The major clusters, which appear at higher hierarchy, are likely to represent major tectonic features such as the Longitudinal Valley fault and lateral extrusion in southwest Taiwan. Those at lower hierarchy suggest velocity discontinuities associated with local geological structures such as active faults. For example, boundaries in east offshore Taiwan and southern Taiwan are identified without using geological information by this analysis. In addition to the identification of these clear tectonic boundaries, our statistical cluster assessment shows the existence of fuzzy cluster boundaries along the Coastal Plain and the Western Foothills, reflecting continuum deformation in west Taiwan.

Cuffless blood pressure estimation from electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram using waveform based ANN-LSTM network

Although photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals can be used to estimate blood pressure (BP) by extracting various features, the changes in morphological contours of both PPG and ECG signals due to various diseases of circulatory system and interaction of other physiological systems make the extraction of such features very difficult. In this work, we propose a waveform-based hierarchical Artificial Neural Network – Long Short Term Memory (ANN-LSTM) model for BP estimation. The model consists of two hierarchy levels, where the lower hierarchy level uses ANNs to extract necessary morphological features from ECG and PPG waveforms and the upper hierarchy level uses LSTM layers to account for the time domain variation of the features extracted by the lower hierarchy level. The proposed model is evaluated on 39 subjects using the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentations (AAMI) standard and the British Hypertension Society (BHS) standard. The method satisfies both the standards in the estimation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). For the proposed network, the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) for SBP estimation are 1.10 and 1.56 mmHg, respectively, and for DBP estimation are 0.58 and 0.85 mmHg, respectively. The performance of the proposed hierarchical ANN-LSTM model is found to be better than the other feature engineering-based networks. It is shown that the proposed model is able to automatically extract the necessary features and their time domain variations to estimate BP reliably in a noninvasive continuous manner. The method is expected to greatly facilitate the presently available mobile health-care gadgets in cuffless continuous BP estimation.

The effect of built environments on the walking and shopping behaviors of pedestrians; A study with GPS experiment in Sinchon retail district in Seoul, South Korea

With this research, we aim to identify built environmental components of retail districts that affect pedestrian behaviors and influence their shopping behavior. We conducted GPS experiments to observe visitors' choice of walking route—pedestrian volume and visit duration—and the questionnaire survey to obtain their records of shopping on where and how much they spent in the Sinchon retail district of Seoul, South Korea. We then employed a path analysis to assess the causal relationship between the built environment, walking behavior, and shopping behavior. We found that pedestrians prefer streets with safety from vehicles, high design quality; higher hierarchy, centrality, and provision of resting places or other street amenities; and that all of these variables also increase pedestrian's visit duration and induce spending at stores on the street. This study would provide design guidelines to municipalities or private retailers looking to revitalize retail districts through environmental improvements.

Political Favoritism Towards Resource Allocation, Evidence of Grants by Natural Science Foundation of China

We study how political power affects resource allocation for knowledge production dictated by central planning in a non-market system in China. Our empirical results suggest that scholar with political privilege is associated with 15.7% more allocation granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), especially towards applicants with high political hierarchy. Weaker institutional environment, less reputable universities and hard-to-value project determine variations in grant allocation related to political privilege. Further analysis suggests that access to NSFC fund not only benefits scholars themselves, but also more high-impact publications for the institute, indicating that political favoritism produces positive spillover effect.

Feasibility of population screening tests to establish a healthy ageing trajectory.

Objectives:There are no agreed comprehensive tests for age-related changes to physical, emotional, mental and social functioning. Research into declining function focuses on those 75 years and older and little is known about age-related changes in younger people. The aims of this project were (1) to ascertain a comprehensive test battery that could underpin community-based health screening programmes for people aged 40–75 years and pilot both (2) community-based recruitment and (3) the utility, acceptability, response burden and logistics.Methods:A total of 11 databases were searched using a broad range of relevant terms. An identified comprehensive, recent, high-quality systematic review of screening instruments for detection of early functional decline for community-dwelling older people identified many relevant tools; however, not all body systems were addressed. Therefore, lower hierarchy papers identified in the rapid review were included and expert panel consultation was conducted before the final test battery was agreed. Broad networks were developed in one Australian city to aid pilot recruitment of community-dwellers 40–75 years. Recruitment and testing processes were validated using feasibility testing with 12 volunteers.Results:The test battery captured (1) online self-reports of demographics, health status, sleep quality, distress, diet, physical activity, oral health, frailty and continence; and (2) objective tests of anthropometry; mobility; lung function; dexterity; flexibility, strength and stability; hearing; balance; cognition and memory; foot sensation; and reaction time. Recruitment and testing processes were found to be feasible.Conclusion:This screening approach may provide new knowledge on healthy ageing in younger people.

Gender Role Ideology in Pixar’s “Wall-E” and “Monsters University”

Animation films have increasingly evolved throughout the years. No longer just a medium to convey stories, films also become an agent to express one’s beliefs. In this thesis, I discuss how Pixar demonstrates their ideal gender role through their films, Wall-E and Monsters University, with the assumption that Pixar deconstructs traditional gender role to show Pixar’s belief that a character can only be successful when he or she is able to adopt traits from both extremes. In order to accomplish this, I use gender role theory. In the analysis, I find out that both films’s existing ideology is that masculine gender role traits are put in higher hierarchy. However, the main characters’s characterization shows gender role traits which debunk the existing ideology such that both masculine and feminine traits become equally important to adopt. As a result, I can see that Pixar supports androgyny through their main characters. I also discover that their ideology can be used for increasing their profit income.

Implementation of the primary pH-measurement system and its uncertainty estimation

pH in aqueous solutions is one of the most frequent parameter that is measured in analisys laboratories. It is relatively simple, cheap, robust and for its determination is generally used a potentiometric method with glass pH-electrode, which must be calibrated with Certified Reference Material-CRM, and preferably not with dissolutions prepared in situ by laboratories. The assignment of pH value to these CRM, requires a measurement method of high metrological hierarchy such as the primary pH-measurement system. This system allows to ensure direct traceability to the international system of units-SI. The certification of these materials is done by national metrology institutes-NMI and their validity is accepted worldwide. In this way, it is necessary that analytical laboratory have access to CRM, in order to ensure the quality of its measurement results.

27th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2018): Part One

P170 Neural model for the recognition of agency and social interaction from abstract stimuliMohammad Hovaidi Ardestani1, Martin Giese2, Nitin Saini2 1University Clinic Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; 2Center for Integrative Neuroscience & University Clinic Tübingen, Dept of Cogniitive Neurology, Germany Correspondence: Martin Giese (martin.giese@uni-tuebingen.de)BMC Neuroscience 2018, 19(Suppl 2):P170Introduction: Humans derive spontaneously judgements about agency and social interactions from strongly impoverished stimuli, as impressively demonstrated by the seminal work by Heider and Simmel (1944). The neural circuits that derive such judgements from image sequences are entirely unknown. It has been hypothesized that this visual function is based on high-level cognitive processes, such as probabilistic reasoning. Taking an alternative approach, we show that such functions can be accomplished by relatively elementary neural networks that can be implemented by simple physiologically plausible neural mechanisms, exploiting an appropriately structure hierarchical (deep) neural model of the visual pathway.Methods: Extending classical biologically-inspired models for object and action perception (Riesenhuber & Poggio 1999; Giese & Poggio 2003) by a front-end that exploits deep learning for the construction of low and mid-level feature detectors, we built a hierarchical neural model that reproduces elementary psychophysical results on animacy and social perception from abstract stimuli. The lower hierarchy levels of the model consist of position-variant neural feature detectors that extract orientation and intermediately complex shape features. The next-higher level is formed by shape-selective neurons that are not completely position-invariant, which extract the 2D positions and orientation of moving agents. A second pathway extracts the 2D motion of the moving agents. Exploiting a gain-field network, we compute the relative positions of the moving agents. The top layers of the model combine the mentioned features into more complex high-level features that represent the speed, smoothness of motion and spatial relationships of the moving agents. The highest level of the model consists of neurons that have learned to classify the agency of the motions, and different categories of social interactions.Results: Based on input video sequences, the model successfully reproduces results of Tremoulet and Feldman (2000) on the dependence of perceived animacy on motion parameters, and its dependence on the alignment of motion and body axis (Hernik et al. 2013). In addition, the model correctly classifies four categories of social interactions that have been frequently tested in the psychophysical literature (following, chasing, fighting, guarding) (e.g. Scholl and McCarthy, 2012; McAleer et al., 2011a).Conclusion: Using simple physiologically plausible neural circuits, the model accounts simultaneously for a variety of effects related to animacy and social interaction perception. This leads to interesting predictions about neurons involved in the visual processing of such stimuli. Acknowledgement This work was supported by: HFSP RGP0036/2016; the European Commission HBP FP7-ICT2013-FET-F/604102 and COGIMON H2020-644727, and the DFG GZ: GI 305/4-1 and KA 1258/15-1.

The transition and meaning of the ceremonial ornament with bird-shaped thorn(有刺괿器) from Marisan ancient tombs in Haman region

The Malisan ancient tombs in Haman region are the most important sites, as the center of Allakuk(安羅國), in the study of Gaya. In this study, the ceremonial ornament with bird-shaped thorn(有刺利器) excavated from the Malisan tombs were examined. In the analysis of the ceremonial ornament, It attracts attention to the most distinctive part of the bird-shaped decoration. It is largely classified into the old and the new style. It is set to five types of old style and three types of new style. The old and new style differ in appearance and disappearance. The set pattern is observed to change gradually from the early period to the late period. The duration is divided into five stages from the beginning of the 5th century to the beginning of the 6th century. The scale of the wooden chamber tombs and stone chamber tombs and the main artifacts were examined, and the hierarchy was classified. The ceremonial ornament shows the hierarchical feature that is buried only in the middle grave and above. From the time of the emergence until the extinction period, the position as a superior relics was maintained. The position to be buried is changed. Artifacts what was buried near the body, it changes to the form to be placed on the vice chamber or top of the main in the late period. The ceremonial ornament excavated from the Malisan tombs is confirmed a close connection with the Gimhae region in the 4th century. The bird-shaped decoration on back of the armor excavated from the Daeseongdong No. 2 tomb is very similar to that of the earliest period in the old style of the Malisan s ceremonial ornament. From the previous period, the image of the bird-shaped decoration were identified in various artifacts as an important notion of farming rituals, worship of the sky and sun, and ceremonial rituals. It can be seen that the building group of the Malisan tombs placed the ceremonial ornament that has a symbolic meaning on the grave with a high hierarchy continuously.

Autofocusing and spreading of partially coherent Butterfly beams modulated by flat-topped factor in atmospheric turbulence

By transferring higher hierarchy Butterfly catastrophe to optical field, the autofocusing behavior and beam spreading of partially coherent Butterfly beams modulated by flat-topped factor in atmospheric turbulence are investigated, where the input power is fixed. In the process of autofocusing behavior the main lobe remains its location near origin, which is different from the movement of main lobe in a lower hierarchy Pearcey beam. The turbulence does not change the autofocusing behavior, but accelerates the decaying in side lobes of butterfly structure. A higher coherence length can lead to a more concentrated intensity at autofocusing plane. The analysis of beam spreading also indicates that there exist critical values of propagation distance of zc. A smaller flat-topped factor tends to maintain a smaller spreading for z<zc, while for z>zc the opposite case can be found. Angular spread decreases with an increasing of coherence length, and a smaller beam order shows a larger far field divergence angle. The study of partially coherent Butterfly beams in turbulence provides the possibility of the atmospheric laser communication by using higher-order catastrophe optical field.

Hierarchical Assembly of DNA Nanostructures Based on Four-Way Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement.

Because of its attractive cost and yield, hierarchical assembly, in which constituent structures of lower hierarchy share a majority of components, is an appealing approach to scale up DNA self-assembly. A few strategies have already been investigated to combine preformed DNA nanostructures. In this study, we present a new hierarchical assembly method based on four-way toehold-mediated strand displacement to facilitate the combination of preformed DNA structural units. Employing such a method, we have constructed a series of higher-order structures composed of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 preformed units respectively.

The balance of autonomous and centralized control in scheduling problems

The scheduling of processes in a network is a core logistic challenge with a multitude of applications in our complex industrialized world. Often, scheduling decisions are based on incomplete and unreliable information. Here, a simple rule of ’more information, better decisions’ may no longer hold and heuristics balancing global and local information, or centralized and autonomous control, may yield better performance. So far, only anecdotal evidence for the potential benefit of autonomous control in scheduling exists. Here, we explore this hypothesis within a minimal model derived from scheduling principles and the phenomenology of dynamical processes on graphs. In this model, centralized and autonomous control can be represented and quantitatively assessed, performance is well defined and problem complexity can be varied.Our model shows that a balance of centralized and autonomous control can enhance the performance in networks of decision-making entities. The mechanistic insight gained from the model also reveals the limitations of hybrid control setups: We find that communication at a high hierarchy level can give an advantage to centralized control. Counter-intuitively, it arises not from a higher degree of coordination and quicker convergence towards a common solution, but rather from an accelerated sampling of candidate choices leading to a measurable increase in information flow from higher to lower hierarchical levels. Our study allows us to formulate a new view of autonomous control in industrial production and derive a set of suggestions with the potential to enhance performance under realistic conditions of scheduling heuristics of jobs in a production process.

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

Interaction of organic matter (OM) with soil mineral components plays a critical role in biophysical organization (aggregate structure) as well as in biogeochemical cycling of major elements. Of the mineral components, poorly-crystalline phases rich in iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) are highly reactive and thus contribute to both OM stabilization and aggregation. However, the functional relationship among the reactive metal phases, C stability, and aggregation remains elusive. We hypothesized that relatively young C acts as a binding agent to form the aggregates of weak physical stability, whereas the reactive metal phases and older C bound to them contribute to stronger aggregation. Using four surface horizons of Andisols having a gradient of soil C concentration due to decadal OM management, we conducted sequential density fractionation to isolate six fractions (from &lt;1.6 to &gt;2.5 g cm−3) with mechanical shaking, followed by selective dissolution and radiocarbon analysis. After 28 years of no-till with litter compost addition, not only C and N but inorganic materials including the reactive metal phases (pyrophosphate-, oxalate-, and dithionite-extractable metals) showed clear shifts in their concentrations towards lower-density fractions (especially &lt;2.0 g cm−3) on a ground-area basis. This result was explained by the binding of compost-derived OM with soil particles. Major portions of the reactive metal phases in bulk samples were distributed in mid-density fractions (2.0–2.5 g cm−3) largely as sonication-resistant aggregates. Theoretical density calculations, together with depletion in radiocarbon (Δ14C: −82 to −170‰) and lower C:N ratio, implied that the sorptive capacity of the reactive metal phases in these fractions were roughly saturated with pre-existing OM. However, the influx of the compost-derived, modern C into the mid-density fractions detected by the paired-plot comparison suggests decadal C sink in association with the reactive metal phase. Our results supported the concept of aggregate hierarchy and further provided the following new insights. At the high hierarchy level where shaking-resistant aggregates form, soil organo-mineral particles appeared to be under a dynamic equilibrium and the changes in OM input regime controlled (dis)aggregation behavior due to the binding effect of relatively young C. At a lower hierarchy level, the reactive metal phases were bound to N-rich, 14C-depleted OM and together functioned as persistent binding agent. Our study suggests that the recognition of binding agents and aggregate hierarchy level would help to untangle the complex organo-mineral interactions and to better understand soil C stability.

Communicating Humanistic Knowledge - Knowing the Knowing?

In both knowledge communication and practice theory, knowledge theorizing has received increased attention. However, the concept of knowledge needs further exploration. It has been claimed that knowledge in organizational practice is socially and processually created among organization members in communities of practice (CoPs) as a place for knowledge creation and knowledge communication. Following this outline, the study seeks to link the knowledge concepts from organizational knowledge communication and practice theory. As empirical contributions for expansion of this knowledge theorizing have been called for, the current paper conducts a case study to scrutinize if and how organization members with different educational backgrounds communicate knowledge in CoPs. The case is an IT software company employing a humanistic academic and mainly IT professionals. The case organization has real-world relevance, since humanistic graduates currently suffer from high unemployment rates. The study finds that no attempts are made to communicate knowledge from the humanistic education. Rather, the humanistic academic is socialized into a practice through a commitment to learn the existing practice of the HR department, which further seems to be a practice placed in a lower hierarchy than the practice of the IT professionals. Interestingly though, knowledge from the humanistic education is called for by the IT profes- sionals. These findings pave the way to inform both knowledge theorizing and the real-world problem by discussing how organization members engage in fundamentally new knowledge communication and scaffold new knowing. Thus, the study discusses implications related to how organization members come to know their own knowing and the knowings of others.

Category of adaptation and adaptivity in the enterprises’ restructuring management theory

The author researches and defines more accurately the content of the concept of adaptation and adaptivity through the management issues of restructuring industrial enterprises; the article reveals the connection of these concepts with the concepts of viability, competitiveness, potential and restructuring as well as their places in the conceptual and categorical structure of enterprises’ restructuring theory. It is shown, that viability as a synthetical feature of an enterprise is determined with the ability of a lower hierarchy level, where the main ones are the ability to produce goods, to maintain production and working resources in due conditions, and the ability to be transformed; according to their content these abilities are equivalent to the corresponding potentials of economic theory of potentials. It is established that the parametric adaptivity corresponds to the management potential concept, the structural adaptivity corresponds to the development potential concept, and the process of industrial enterprise restructurization is the process of structural adaptation that provides the change of the enterprise structure as a system, any of its subsystems, and the components that is identical to the change of the system potentials in order to provide enterprise’s viability (competitiveness) as a whole, that is the ability of the enterprise to earn acceptable profit on a long basis.

IMPROVING MACHINING ACCURACY OF CNC MACHINES WITH INNOVATIVE DESIGN METHODS

The article considers achieving the machining accuracy of CNC machines by applying innovative methods in modelling and design of machining systems, drives and machine processes. The topological method of analysis involves visualizing the system as matrices of block graphs with a varying degree of detail between the upper and lower hierarchy levels. This approach combines the advantages of graph theory and the efficiency of decomposition methods, it also has visual clarity, which is inherent in both topological models and structural matrices, as well as the resiliency of linear algebra as part of the matrix-based research. The focus of the study is on the design of automated machine workstations, systems, machines and units, which can be broken into interrelated parts and presented as algebraic, topological and set-theoretical models. Every model can be transformed into a model of another type, and, as a result, can be interpreted as a system of linear and non-linear equations which solutions determine the system parameters. This paper analyses the dynamic parameters of the 1716PF4 machine at the stages of design and exploitation. Having researched the impact of the system dynamics on the component quality, the authors have developed a range of practical recommendations which have enabled one to reduce considerably the amplitude of relative motion, exclude some resonance zones within the spindle speed range of 0...6000 min-1 and improve machining accuracy.

Importance conveyed in different ways: Effects of hierarchy and focus

Abstract In a continuous discourse, the importance of information can be conveyed both implicitly and explicitly. Global discourse hierarchy can convey importance implicitly, such that information at higher hierarchy levels is more important than those at lower hierarchy levels. In contrast, focus can mark importance explicitly, with information in focused positions being more important than that in non-focused positions. In this event-related potential study, we investigated whether the processing of implicitly highlighted information and explicitly highlighted information involved different neural mechanisms during online discourse processing. Three-clause discourses were constructed to implement hierarchy manipulation. For the discourses in the high-level condition, the first two clauses were subordinate clauses that formed a sentence, while the last clause formed a sentence independently. Whereas for the discourses in the low-level condition, the first clause formed a sentence independently while the following two clauses formed a sentence together. The last clause of each discourse thus differed in its status in the high and low-level condition and within it a critical word was embedded. For each discourse, a preceding wh-question was added to project a focus position in the discourse so that the critical word was either in the focused or non-focused position. Our results showed that the critical words elicited a smaller N400 when they were located at the higher than at the lower hierarchy level, whereas they elicited enhanced P2 and P3b when they were located in the focused than in the non-focused position. These results suggest that both hierarchy and focus facilitated the integration of highlighted information in the discourse. However, these factors influenced discourse integration in different temporal dynamics and involved different cognitive processes.

Penentuan Pusat-pusat Kegiatan Baru sebagai Alternatif untuk Mengurangi Kemacetan Kota Bogor

Bogor city is facing very serious congestion problems. Rearrangement of the spatial structure of the urban growth centers could improve the city's transportation system. This study aims to map the density of traffic, analyze the hierarchy of growth centers, analyze the spatial interactions and formulate alternative arrangement of the centers of the new activities. The study was conducted through descriptive analysis, Schallogram method, the Spatial Gravitation Model and TOPSIS. Schallogram analysis is used to analyze the hierarchy level of service. The Gravity Model is used to analyze the interaction between the regions. TOPSIS analysis is used to identify priority areas and new growth centers. This study analyzed data on the volume of vehicles, facilities area, population, road length, road network maps, and spatial plan (RTRW). The areas in the city center had the highest traffic density and the highest hierarchical. While suburban areas tend to have the lowest hierarchy. Based on the results of gravity model analysis, the areas with the highest attraction located in the city center and extends along the corridor to the north and the south. While the production area spread around the suburbs. Based on the analysis TOPSIS recommend new growth centers, namely Margajaya, Cimahpar, and Bojongkerta.