High DC Gain Research Articles

Transformerless High Voltage Gain Y-Source DC–DC Converter with Switched Capacitor for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Applications

A high voltage gain DC–DC converter with a Y-source network is proposed in this paper for applications such as fuel cells and PV systems. The proposed converter topology is a combination of a Y-source module with a switched capacitor boost module. It is a single switch topology to produce high voltage gain at the load. The superiority of the proposed topology is the high voltage transfer ratio and continuous input current. The voltage gain of the converter can be achieved up to twenty times the input voltage at a duty cycle of 25% itself. The steady state analysis of the converter is carried out using mathematical equations and the working of the converter is explained. The design and analysis of the passive components in the circuit are explained. To illustrate the highlights of the converter, the proposed topology is compared with similar converters in the literature. The simulation of the converter is carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The circuit is verified in the laboratory using a 100[Formula: see text]W prototype.

High gain DC–DC converter based on magnetic integration

High gain DC–DC converter based on magnetic integration

Cost-effective soft-switching ultra-high step-up DC–DC converter with high power density for DC microgrid application

DC microgrids are integral to smart grids, enhancing grid reliability, power quality, and energy efficiency while enabling individual grid independence. They combine distributed and renewable energy sources, reducing overall energy consumption. High-gain DC–DC converters are crucial for elevating voltages from low-voltage DC sources like solar panels and wind turbines in DC microgrids. This paper introduces a non-isolated DC–DC converter designed to achieve ultra-high step-up (UHSU) voltage conversion utilizing a two-winding coupled inductor (CI). The propounded UHSU configuration achieves a substantial voltage increase by employing low duty cycles and a decreased turn ratio for the CI, resulting in a smaller core size. Moreover, this UHSU circuit incorporates soft-switching capabilities for both power switches and diodes, enhancing its efficiency. By keeping the voltage stress on the switches low, the design minimizes losses and improves overall efficiency. The operational modes are thoroughly analyzed, and comparisons with other topologies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proffered UHSU circuit. Finally, the performance of the UHSU circuit is validated through the construction and testing of a 150-W laboratory prototype operating at a switching frequency of 50 kHz, with Vin = 20 V and Vout = 300 V.

A high efficiency boost converter topology with least component count

<p class="IEEEAbtract">This paper presents a design and analysis of novel DC-DC boost converter with a least component count. The proposed converter produces high DC gain voltage in comparison to some recently presented high voltage DC-DC converter. Here one switch, one inductor, two capacitors and one diode are used to achieved a high voltage gain without compromising efficiency of converter. The converter’s performance is evaluated using theatrical, simulation and experimental methods, with results indicating a four times of input voltage and a fast-transient response at various duty cycles is achieved. Due to its low component count the proposed converter is compact and hence it offers an effective solution for various power applications.</p>

A Current-Fed Transformer-Based High-Gain DC–DC Converter With Inverse Gain Characteristic for Renewable Energy Applications

A Current-Fed Transformer-Based High-Gain DC–DC Converter With Inverse Gain Characteristic for Renewable Energy Applications

Transformer-less high gain DC–DC converter design and analysis for fuel cell vehicles

High-power converters with significant gains represent established configurations that hold appeal for applications in the industrial and commercial sectors, such as fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), energy backup systems, and automotive headlamps. Existing literature predominantly features topologies employing a single-duty ratio. However, this singular approach may not be dependable for operations with high-duty cycles, necessitating the incorporation of additional components to enhance voltage gain. To address this, the current study introduces the concept of time-sharing within the context of a high-gain non-isolated DC–DC converter. This innovative approach achieves substantially higher output voltage gains, approximately 13.33 times that of the input voltage. The analysis of the proposed converter is approached from various perspectives. Finally, it is examined within the MATLAB/Simulink environment, where the theoretical analysis is validated, and an efficiency of 97.4% is achieved.

Ultra-low-power super class-AB adaptive biasing operational transconductance amplifier with enhanced gain for biomedical applications

The operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) proposed in this article is a bulk-driven (BD), single-stage, super-class-AB, adaptive biasing, functioning in the subthreshold region (ST) with an enormously low power supply of ± 0.25 V, providing high-gain. The input core of the OTA circuit is composed of adaptively biased BD differential input pairs based on flipped voltage follower (FVF), which drive in class-AB mode with a partial positive feedback (PPF) approach. The circuit additionally employs FVF and self-cascode (SC)-based low-power current mirror loads at its output to obtain significantly high gain and unity gain frequency. In addition, using adaptive loads based on source-degenerated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) resistors raises dynamic current more efficiently, consequently improving the slew rate and unity gain frequency (UGF) without drawing additional power. Employing the cadence spectre tool and the UMC 0.18 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process technology, the designed OTA has been simulated. The simulation outcomes substantiate that the amplifier provides high open loop DC gain of 75 dB, 18.75 kHz UGF with a phase margin of 63.93º, and input-referred noise (IRN) of 0.734 µV/Hz0.5 at 1 kHz frequency. The proposed OTA consumes just 60.15 nW of power. The performance results confirmed that the proposed OTA circuit is appropriate in biomedical applications.

A Closed-Loop Using Sampled-Data Controller for a New Nonisolated High-Gain DC–DC Converter

A Closed-Loop Using Sampled-Data Controller for a New Nonisolated High-Gain DC–DC Converter

A Novel Three-Port High-Gain DC–DC Converter for PV–Battery Stand-Alone System With Reduced Device Count

A Novel Three-Port High-Gain DC–DC Converter for PV–Battery Stand-Alone System With Reduced Device Count

Optimized ultra high voltage gain DC–DC converter with current stress reduction for photovoltaic application

AbstractThis paper presents a non‐isolated DC‐DC converter designed to validate ultra‐high voltage gain using a modified double boost mode. The objective is to achieve exceptionally high voltage gain by integrating a modified triple boost technique (MTBT), interleaved with second main and auxiliary third MOSFETs, and a modified switched inductor‐capacitor (MSLC), effectively doubling the voltage transfer gain. Furthermore, MSLC is combined with the auxiliary third and double main MOSFET to double the voltage gain while concurrently mitigating voltage stress on the auxiliary MOSFET and diodes in the proposed converter (the PC). Additionally, all diodes in the MTBT operate under zero current switching (ZCS) and the double main and auxiliary third MOSFET face very low current stress at ultra‐high voltage gain. The input current of the PC remains steady without pulsating at a low duty ratio, making the PC more suitable for renewable energy systems. The PC offers numerous advantages, exhibiting high efficiency and ensuring minimal voltage stress on power devices with low current stress on the power switches. Notably, PC aims to elevate input voltages from 30 V to a variable output range of 335 to 600 V, delivering 440 watts at 96.1% efficiency.

A 1.2 V, 92 dB Dynamic-Range Delta-Sigma Modulator Based on an Output Swing-Enhanced Gain-Boost Inverter

This article presents a third-order, feedforward, single-bit Delta-Sigma analog-to-digital modulator (DSM) based on an output swing-enhanced gain-boost inverter for low-voltage low-power applications such as wearable devices, mobile health, and the Internet of Things (IoTs). The proposed output swing-enhanced structure addresses the output-swing reduction in the conventional structure while achieving high DC gain and large output swing simultaneously. Implemented in a 180 nm CMOS process, the entire chip is comprised of a delta-sigma modulator, an oscillator, and a current reference. It achieves 86.1 dB peak SNR and 92 dB dynamic range (DR) with 1.95 kHz signal bandwidth. The whole chip dissipates 54.5 μW, leading to a 167.6 dB Schreier Figure of Merit (FoMs).

A high gain Z-source boost DC–DC converter with common ground for solar PV applications

This paper proposes a high-gain dc–dc converter with common ground utilizing a Z-source network for low voltage solar photovoltaic (PV) applications. This converter features a common ground and a high output–input voltage conversion factor at a low duty cycle. These converters find their most common application in grid-tied or stand-alone solar photovoltaic systems, particularly those with low output voltages that must be increased to the required level. The presented converter operating duty ratio is within 0–0.5 and maintains similar voltage stress on Z-network components since it employs the conventional Z-source configuration. The presented converter provides a common ground between source and load, unlike conventional Z-network converter. A type-2 closed-loop voltage controller and state–space average model evaluate the converter’s dynamic behavior for reliable and steady performance. A laboratory hardware prototype of 250 Watts is built and low gate signals are generated by using a ARM cortex M4 Microcontroller (STM32F407VGT6). The experimental results confirm that the proposed converter, with a gain of 10.46 and a power of 250 Watts, has a maximum efficiency of around 93%. The experimental results validates the effectiveness of the proposed converter under both constant and shifts in amounts of solar irradiation.

A novel multi-port high-gain bidirectional DC–DC converter for energy storage system integration with DC microgrids

Bidirectional converters have often been used in numerous applications like DC microgrids, renewable energy, hybrid energy storage systems, electric vehicles, etc. The paper proposes a novel multi-port high-gain (NMPHG) bidirectional DC–DC converter that supports DC microgrid (DC-MG) applications. The main contributions of the proposed converter are high step-up/step-down conversion gain, multiple input ports, lower switch voltage stress, and lower component count owing to the single converter with multiple input ports for DC microgrid applications. The detailed operational principle, analysis, and design considerations of proposed NMPHG bidirectional DC–DC converters are discussed. Furthermore, the loss analysis, detailed comparison with similar works, and efficiency analysis with non-modalities during forward power flow (LV to HV) and reverse power flow (HV to LV) modes are presented. The efficiency of the proposed converter is found to be 93.8% in forward power flow and 92.9% in reverse power flow modes at rated power. Finally, a hardware prototype of the proposed NMPHG bidirectional DC–DC converters is implemented with 100 W in FPF mode and 200 W in RPF mode with a TMS320F28335 processor and validated with theoretical counterparts.

A New High Gain DC–DC Boost Converter Using L-C-L Structure Based Switched Inductor Topology

A New High Gain DC–DC Boost Converter Using L-C-L Structure Based Switched Inductor Topology

A Soft-Switched High-Gain Interleaved DC–DC Converter with Coupled Inductors for Renewable Energy Systems

A Soft-Switched High-Gain Interleaved DC–DC Converter with Coupled Inductors for Renewable Energy Systems

Non-Isolated High Gain Interleaved DC–DC Converter with Voltage Multiplier and Switched Capacitor for Renewable Energy Systems

A novel non-isolated high-gain DC–DC converter for green energy employment is presented and analyzed. The proposed converter comprises a switched capacitor cell, passive clamp circuit, coupled inductors, and voltage multiplier unit. An interleaved boost converter (IBC) is placed on the input side of the proposed design. The voltage multiplier unit (VMU) with the secondary windings of the coupled inductors is located on the load side. It is used to accomplish interleaved power storage. The leakage energy of coupled inductor is recirculated to the load side, and the reverse recovery problem of diodes is effectively suppressed. As a result, a low-on-state resistance power switch with a low voltage rating is employed and minimizing conduction losses. The presented topology is suitable for sustainable energy applications due to its low operating duty cycle, high voltage conversion ratio, and higher efficiency. The output voltage causes substantially low voltage stress on semiconductor switches and passive elements. This proposed paper deals with simulation, parameter selection, experimental design, results and discussion. The simulation is verified using MATLAB/Simulink with a DC voltage of 30–517[Formula: see text]V. To validate the design analysis, a 1.5-kW experimental prototype is designed with a switching frequency of 10[Formula: see text]kHz and attained an efficiency of 96.07%.

Double‐input triple‐output non‐isolated DC–DC converter based on coupled inductor with high step‐up output voltages

SummaryThis paper introduces a new non‐isolated double‐input triple‐output (DITO) high voltage gain DC–DC converter with a wide range of applications, including hybrid voltage source systems, solar home appliances, DC‐bus power distribution systems, and electrical vehicles (EVs). The proposed DITO converter interfaces two hybrid voltage sources to supply three different output loads with varying voltage and power levels. Compared to conventional converters of the same type, the proposed DITO converter offers several advantages, including operation for all duty cycles, integration of hybrid energy sources to transfer power to multiple loads, high voltage conversion ratio for all three‐output ports, a higher ratio of total voltage gain to total components number, common grounded input and output DC ports, simultaneous DC voltage regulation of three‐output ports by tuning separate controlling parameters of duty cycles, an additional turns ratio of coupled inductors to increase the voltage gain of output ports, and medium voltage stress on switches. The proposed DITO converter utilizes a new single‐switch single‐coupled‐inductor DC–DC structure, which is analyzed and verified through a prototype implementation for 25 and 30 V input voltages and 210, 330, and 400 V output voltages with a total power of 480 W. The experimental results confirm the simulation results and theoretical analysis.

The Optimization of PEM Fuel-Cell Operating Parameters with the Design of a Multiport High-Gain DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application

The fossil fuel crisis is a major concern across the globe, and fossil fuels are being exhausted day by day. It is essential to promptly change from fossil fuels to renewable energy resources for transportation applications as they make a major contribution to fossil fuel consumption. Among the available energy resources, a fuel cell is the most affordable for transportation applications because of such advantages as moderate operating temperature, high energy density, and scalable size. It is a challenging task to optimize PEMFC operating parameters for the enhancement of performance. This paper provides a detailed study on the optimization of PEMFC operating parameters using a multilayer feed-forward neural network, a genetic algorithm, and the design of a multiport high-gain DC–DC converter for hybrid electric vehicle application, which is capable of handling both a 6 kW PEMFC and an 80 AH 12 V heavy-duty battery. To trace the maximum power from the PEMFC, the most recent SFO-based MPPT control technique is implemented in this research work. Initially, a multilayer feed-forward neural network is trained using a back-propagation algorithm with experimental data. Then, the optimization phase is separately carried out in a neural-power software environment using a genetic algorithm (GA). The simulation study was carried out using the MATLAB/R2022a platform to verify the converter performance along with the SFO-based MPPT controller. To validate the real-time test bench results, a 0.2 kW prototype model was constructed in the laboratory, and the results were verified.

A Soft-Switched SEPIC-Based High Voltage Gain DC–DC Converter for Renewable Energy Applications

A Soft-Switched SEPIC-Based High Voltage Gain DC–DC Converter for Renewable Energy Applications

Design, Development, and Loss Model Analysis of a Coupled Inductor-Based High Voltage Gain DC–DC Converter

Design, Development, and Loss Model Analysis of a Coupled Inductor-Based High Voltage Gain DC–DC Converter