High Familiarity Research Articles

A survey to assess utilization and effectiveness of digital smile design techniques in prosthodontics

Abstract Background: This study aimed to explore the utilization and effectiveness of digital smile design (DSD) techniques in prosthodontics, based on responses from 250 licensed prosthodontists. The investigation provides insights into DSD adoption, its impact on clinical practice, and perceived benefits and challenges. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey collected data on DSD utilization, familiarity, training, benefits, challenges, and clinical outcomes. The questionnaire covered demographics, familiarity, utilization frequency, case types, benefits, challenges, and clinical case examples. Results: Results indicated that 56% of prosthodontists frequently integrated DSD techniques into treatment planning, indicating growing digital technology adoption. Notably, 82% utilized DSD primarily for aesthetic and complex cases, enhancing precision, and patient satisfaction. High DSD utilization aligns with patient-centered care trends and comprehensive treatment planning, especially for aesthetics. Familiarity with DSD was notable (44.8%) and positively correlated with formal training (66%). Education’s role in enabling effective DSD use was underscored. Higher familiarity with training suggests education’s importance in promoting DSD adoption. Continued professional development and tailored training can enhance DSD utilization. DSD benefits aligned with digital dentistry potential. Improved treatment predictability (72%), enhanced communication (65%), and precise aesthetic planning (53%) were primary advantages. Challenges included the initial learning curve, software complexity, necessitating user-friendly interfaces, and structured education. Participant case examples highlighted DSD’s positive clinical impact. Improved aesthetics (78%), functional outcomes (63%), and patient satisfaction (71%) demonstrated DSD’s bridging role between expertise and patient expectations. Conclusions: Findings highlight DSD’s adoption and effectiveness in prosthodontics. DSD’s significance in treatment planning, patient-centered care, and outcomes is evident. Addressing challenges through education and user-friendly tools can enhance DSD integration, contributing to treatment success, and patient satisfaction.

Knowledge and utilization of standardized stroke outcome measures among physiotherapists in tertiary health institutions in Anambra State, Nigeria

BackgroundKnowledge and utilization of standardized stroke outcome measures (SOMs) are important as it helps in the evaluation of patient response to therapy and decision of further step in patient care. This study evaluated the current knowledge and utilization of standardized stroke outcome measures and the factors that influence them.MethodsA cross-sectional survey research design was used for the study. The consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit 40 (16 females and 24 males) respondents from two tertiary hospitals located in Anambra State. Data were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The frequency counts and percentages, mean and standard deviation, chi-square test, and Spearman rank-order correlation were used in the analysis of different variables. The alpha level was set at 0.05.ResultsA total of 37.5% had poor knowledge, 30% had fair knowledge, and 32.5% had good knowledge of SOMs. The highest familiarity (i.e., very familiar) was observed as follows: 6-min walk test (72.5%), Modified Ashworth Scale (70%), Barthel Index (65.75%), Mini-mental Stroke Examination (52.5%), Functional Independence Measure (65%), Berg Balance Scale (50%), and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (50%). Poor utilization was observed in % of the respondents, fair utilization was observed in 25%, and good was observed in 20% of them. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and utilization of standardized stroke outcome measures (p < 0.01). Knowledge and utilization were each significantly associated with gender and educational qualification. Utilization alone was significantly associated with years of experience and the center of practice.ConclusionThere is still a deficit in the awareness and utilization of standardized stroke outcome measures in the study population. There has not been an appreciable improvement in the knowledge of SOMs among the population of physiotherapists that participated in the current study. However, the utilization of SOMs is still at a low level. This requires action from critical stakeholders in Nigeria’s health system to encourage its regular use in clinical practice as it will serve to improve service delivery to patients.

Feeling present matters: effects of social presence on live-streaming workout courses’ purchase intention

PurposeThis paper aims to test the effects of social presence (SP) and other related factors, including trust, self-construal and brand familiarity, in affecting consumers’ purchase intention of live-streaming workout courses.Design/methodology/approachThree between-subjects, Web-based experimental studies were conducted. There were separately 108, 208 and 284 valid questionnaires collected in the three studies. Moderation and mediation analyses were performed to test the research hypotheses.FindingsUsers’ sense of SP when watching live-streaming courses positively affects their willingness to purchase courses, and users’ sense of trust plays a mediating role in the influence of users’ SP on their purchase intention. In addition, when users belong to dependent self-construal rather than independent self-construal, their trust in live-streaming courses plays a stronger mediating role in the influence of users’ SP on their purchase intentions. What is more, when users have high brand familiarity rather than low brand familiarity, their trust in online live-streaming plays a stronger mediating role in the influence of users’ SP on their purchase intentions.Originality/valueThis research delineates the effects of SP on the consumption of live-streaming courses, thus further adding to the understanding of the role of real-time interaction in determining consumer behavior. It also highlights the roles of self-construal and brand familiarity as mediating influences on the relationship between SP and consumer trust.

Lexical prosodic representation and access in Japanese children with developmental dyslexia.

Recent research indicates that awareness of the prosodic information present in spoken language could be an important factor for literacy development, and that adults with developmental dyslexia show impaired awareness of lexical prosodic information, while the phonological representations remain intact. We investigated lexical prosodic representation and awareness in Japanese children with and without developmental dyslexia. Lexical prosodic representation was investigated using a cross-modal fragment priming task, and awareness was examined using a fragment identification task. The task was modified for children by selecting words with higher familiarity and fewer trials. As a result, the same pattern of prosodic priming effects was observed between groups; lexical decision time was faster in the prosodic congruent condition than in the incongruent condition. In addition, accuracy and reaction time did not show group differences in the fragment identification task. Relationship between prosody and literacy development may differ between languages but the sample size were small in both groups. Further investigation with larger sample size is required.

How to arrange assortments available in green alternatives: Displaying products by green attributes

AbstractPrevious research has investigated how product display affects consumer choices. However, less is known about the effect of product display on green consumption when products are displayed by green attributes. Through three studies with 610, 661, and 208 valid participants, respectively, the present research demonstrates that displaying products by green attributes render green products more recognizable to the consumer, thereby inducing green choices from among the consideration sets. The positive effect is enhanced by providing green category labels on products. However, the positive effect of product display by green attributes weakens in the case of consumers with high brand familiarity. The findings contribute theoretically and practically to the research on promoting green choice through environmental cues such as product display.

167 Improving communications surrounding equine necropsies

Necropsy is a valuable tool in veterinary medicine to determine an animal's cause of death, surveillance disease, and provide educational opportunities to students and veterinarians. Despite these benefits, the number of equines submitted for necropsy is declining. Discussing post-mortem options such as necropsy or mortality management can be emotionally challenging for owners even before losing a horse. Consequently, the terminology used when communicating about necropsies may impact horse owners’ perceptions and ultimately their decisions when considering end-of-life options for their horse. Therefore, an online survey was developed to assess horse owner comfort with terms commonly used in relation to necropsies and to identify who horse owners consult with when learning about necropsies. The survey had an estimated completion time of 10 min and consisted of 30 to 40 multiple choice questions that utilized conditional branching based on experience having a necropsy performed. The survey was available February through July 2022 and was distributed via social media and an electronic newsletter. Data analyses were conducted using Pearson's Chi-squared tests with a significance level set at 0.05. The survey yielded 1,366 usable responses. The majority of respondents were female (95%), between 41 and 60 years of age (40%), and had long-term involvementin the equine industry (58%). Despite high familiarity with the terms before taking the survey, respondents were more familiar with autopsy (99.5%) and postmortem examination (93.7%) compared with necropsy (89.9%; P < 0.05). Horse owners were most comfortable using the terms autopsy and postmortem examination (P < 0.001) when referring to a necropsy. Additionally, compared with the term carcass, horse owners were more comfortable using the terms body and mortality (P < 0.001). Of those that have previously discussed a necropsy (71.7%), many consulted their primary veterinarian (64.4%), another horse owner (63.4%), and/or a friend or family member (51.2%). If deciding to perform a necropsy, 85.8% of respondents indicated they would consult with their primary veterinarian. The results of this study highlight horse owner preferences for certain terms when communicating about necropsies. By employing use of these terms, veterinarians may improve their message delivery when consulting with their clients and more effectively advocate for a necropsy. Additionally, all educators, regulators, and other professionals that work with horse owners in areas of mortality management can benefit by using terms that better suit their audience.

Owned media or earned media? The influence of social media types on impulse buying intention in internet celebrity restaurants

Social media marketing is crucial to the development of internet celebrity restaurants. However, there is a research gap on the relationship between social media types and consumers’ buying intention in internet celebrity restaurants. Based on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), our research examines the heterogeneous effects of social media types (owned media vs. earned media) on impulse buying intention in three scenario-based experiments. The findings reveal that compared to owned media, earned media can trigger a stronger impulse buying intention. Moreover, the awakening of interest and brand trust play mediating roles in this process. However, high brand familiarity weakens the effect of earned media on customers’ impulse buying intention, awakening of interest, and brand trust. Our findings improve the understanding of the functions of social media types and provide management implications for developing marketing strategies.

Feasibility and acceptability of remote smartphone cognitive testing in frontotemporal dementia research.

Remote smartphone assessments of cognition, speech/language, and motor functioning in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) could enable decentralized clinical trials and improve access to research. We studied the feasibility and acceptability of remote smartphone data collection in FTD research using the ALLFTD Mobile App (ALLFTD-mApp). A diagnostically mixed sample of 214 participants with FTD or from familial FTD kindreds (asymptomatic: CDR®+NACC-FTLD=0 [N=101]; prodromal: 0.5 [N=49]; symptomatic ≥1 [N=51]; not measured [N=13]) were asked to complete ALLFTD-mApp tests on their smartphone three times within 12 days. They completed smartphone familiarity and participation experience surveys. It was feasible for participants to complete the ALLFTD-mApp on their own smartphones. Participants reported high smartphone familiarity, completed ∼ 70% of tasks, and considered the time commitment acceptable (98% of respondents). Greater disease severity was associated with poorer performance across several tests. These findings suggest that the ALLFTD-mApp study protocol is feasible and acceptable for remote FTD research. The ALLFTD Mobile App is a smartphone-based platform for remote, self-administered data collection.The ALLFTD Mobile App consists of a comprehensive battery of surveys and tests of executive functioning, memory, speech and language, and motor abilities.Remote digital data collection using the ALLFTD Mobile App was feasible in a multicenter research consortium that studies FTD. Data was collected in healthy controls and participants with a range of diagnoses, particularly FTD spectrum disorders.Remote digital data collection was well accepted by participants with a variety of diagnoses.

Assessment of Saudi Public Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Mental Health Disorders and Its Demographic Correlation

Objectives: To assess Saudi citizen’s level of knowledge, attitude and stigma toward mental disorders and its demographic correlations. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in 15 PHC centers in Hail City, Saudi Arabia; among 403 participants from Jan to May 2020 by using a questionnaire includes the MH Knowledge Scale (MAKS) to assess the levels of MH literacy and the perceived devaluation and discrimination scale (PDD) to evaluate the levels of MH stigma and among the Saudi populations attended the Primary health Care centers. Results: The findings revealed that only 16% of the participants had a high level of knowledge, and only 22 % had low stigma attitude toward MH illnesses. They expressed high familiarity and recognition of schizophrenia and depression. The higher level of MH knowledge was associated with young age, males, students, and those who had experience with mental disorders or had a relationship with MH patients. High stigma attitude was associated with older participants, those with only primary level education, and housewives. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between high MH knowledge and a positive stigma attitude. Conclusion: working on enhancing community awareness, promoting education, and developing anti-stigma interventions are highly recommended to ameliorate the level of MH knowledge and attitude to improve MH care. Keywords: mental health knowledge, stigma, mental disorders, MAKS, PDD, attitude, PHC, Saudi Arabia. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/107-01 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

The relationship among accent familiarity, shared L1, and comprehensibility: A path analysis perspective

Scholars have argued for the inclusion of different spoken varieties of English in high-stakes listening tests to better represent the global use of English. However, doing so may introduce additional construct-irrelevant variance due to accent familiarity and the shared first language (L1) advantage, which could threaten test fairness. However, it is unclear to what extent accent familiarity and a shared L1 are related to or conflated with each other. The present study investigates the relationship between accent familiarity, a shared L1, and comprehensibility. Results from descriptive statistics and Mann–Whitney U test based on 302 second language (L2) English listeners’ responses to an online questionnaire suggested that a shared L1 meant high accent familiarity, but not vice versa. A path analysis revealed a complex relationship between accent familiarity, a shared L1, and comprehensibility. While a shared L1 had a direct effect on accent familiarity, and accent familiarity had a direct effect on comprehensibility, a shared L1 did not predict comprehensibility when accent familiarity was controlled for. These results disentangle accent familiarity from a shared L1. Researchers should consider both constructs when investigating fairness in relation to World Englishes for listening assessment.

Effects of dialect familiarity on lexical processing dynamics

When listeners map acoustically ambiguous forms to abstract lexical representations such that there is a potential for greater lexical competition, there is observable variation in listeners' lexical processing dynamics. As compared to non-mobile listeners, geographically mobile listeners exhibit less inhibition given competing prime-target pairsas well as less facilitation from matching prime-target pairs. This difference is attributed to mobile listeners' exposure to cross-dialect ambiguities. The current study seeks to more closely examine the role of geographic mobility and dialect-specific familiarity, and further address lexical processing dynamics by manipulating inter-stimulus-intervals (ISI). A lexical decision task using cross-modal priming and cross-dialect phonological contrasts was used to assess effects of facilitation and inhibition. Analyses show an interaction between familiarity, vowel contrast, and ISI as predictors of response time. While facilitatory effects increase and inhibitory effects decrease when participants have higher familiarity with a contrast, high familiarity and longer ISI also increase the degree of individual variability. These results support predictions that processing differences are dependent upon familiarity with particular variants as opposed to a general strategic response, though it may be the case that a longer ISI allows for additional variability in processing and the adoption of general strategic responses to emerge.

Profiles of Students’ ICT Use in High-Performing Countries in PISA 2018

This study aims to identify the profiles regarding students’ familiarity with information and communication technology (ICT) and their relationships to reading literacy and background variables for high-performing countries in PISA 2018. We distinguished four classes in each of the six countries (Estonia, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Poland, and Sweden), three classes in Finland and Korea, two classes in Macao, and five classes in Singapore. In most countries, the class with the highest perceived autonomy related to ICT use and low use of ICT at school showed the highest reading literacy. In contrast, the class with the highest overall ICT familiarity had the lowest reading literacy. Classes with a high ICT familiarity tended to have a higher proportion of male students. Finally, the SES of the class with the lowest ICT familiarity was significantly lower than that of other classes.

Speech intelligibility of English spoken by Indonesian and Taiwanese speakers and judged by Taiwanese listeners: application of TOCS+ automatic software

Former investigations were about the familiarity advantage that people with the same language backgrounds are more intelligible. Besides, particular English was most intelligible to participants with high certain English familiarity. This study investigated how Taiwanese listeners judge the English speech intelligibility of Taiwanese and Indonesian speakers. Thirty Indonesian speakers and thirty Taiwanese speakers participated in this study. Ninety Taiwanese listeners were recruited to judge speech intelligibility. The recording and judging process used the TOCS+ software (Hodge et al., 2009). The software provided 124 contrast items of minimal pairs for the recognition task, including contrast of syllable shape, vowels, and consonants. The listeners' judgments were then analyzed by the TOCS+ software automatically. It was found that Taiwanese English speaker is more intelligible to Taiwanese listeners. The variables that predict intelligibility for Indonesian speakers are syllable shape contrast item correct (SSIC) and consonant item correct (CIC), while Taiwanese speakers’ SSIC and vowel item correct (VIC) did not predict intelligibility. Only CIC predicts intelligibility. Both groups made similar errors in consonant voicing. The study's findings contribute to the teaching materials for the English preparation of students who will study abroad.  Â

Task context dissociates the FN400 and the N400.

In event-related potential studies, familiarity-based recognition has been associated with the FN400, that is, more positive-going waveforms for old items than new items 300-500 ms post-stimulus onset, maximal at frontal electrodes. We tested the proposition that the FN400 reflects the attribution of unexpected processing fluency to familiarity. This implies that the FN400 is greater when fluency is less expected, that is, for less familiar stimuli. Moreover, the FN400 should be modulated by the goal of remembering and only elicited when fluency is correctly attributed to the past, that is, by correct old responses in recognition memory tests. In the absence of a retrieval task, enhanced fluency for repeated items should be associated with an N400 attenuation as no episodic attribution takes place. In an incidental study-test design with words of low and high life-time familiarity, participants made pleasantness judgments for half of the studied words. The other half re-appeared in a recognition test. Only in the latter task, participants had the goal of remembering. As both tasks included also new words, we could compare old/new effects under conditions in which both effects are driven by increased fluency for repeated words. We did not find the expected differences in the FN400 for low vs. high life-time familiarity items. However, as expected, we found a frontally distributed FN400 in the recognition test whereas the old/new effect in the pleasantness task resembled an N400 effect. This supports the view that the FN400 occurs when fluency is attributed to familiarity during a recognition decision.

Strategi Periklanan Kosmetik Efektif Untuk Generasi Y Menggunakan Celebrity Endorsement

Celebrity endorsement on social media has become a trendy way to advertise today. Examining the effectiveness of celebrity endorsers using the familiarity variable is deemed necessary, considering the risks that arise from selecting inappropriate celebrities. It is also important to explore whether different categories lead to different responses. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of differences in endorser familiarity and product categories on compatibility with products, attitudes towards advertisements and brands and purchase intentions of Y generation consumers in cosmetic advertisements. This research is a 2x2 factorial experimental study using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). There were 2 stages of the research, the first stage was the pre-test with 30 research participants to select celebrities and the second stage was the main test with 156 participants who were divided into 4 experimental groups. The results of the study stated that differences in celebrity familiarity had no effect on compatibility with products and attitudes towards brands, but had an effect on attitudes towards advertisements and purchase intentions. Differences in product categories and interactions between familiarity and categories show insignificant results. Celebrity endorsers with high or low familiarity currently both have the same potential and each endorser has its own market. Companies should increase consumer product involvement by repeating information. Keywords: attitude towards advertising and brand, endorser familiarity, experimental study, purchase intention, product categories

Investigating customers’ responses to artificial intelligence chatbots in online travel agencies: the moderating role of product familiarity

研究目的研究旨在检验消费者对人工智能聊天机器人的感知如何影响潜在旅游者个体的认知、情绪状态以及购买意愿。研究设计/方法/途径研究结合线上、线上问卷调查方式共调研了566名体验过在线旅行社中聊天机器人的消费者, 进一步利用偏最小二乘结构方程模型对理论假设进行实证检验。研究结果:研究发现人机互动性和信息质量作为聊天机器人的外在刺激, 显著影响潜在游客的信任和购买意愿; 感知有用性在互动性、信息质量、顾客信任和购买意愿之间起中介作用。此外, 产品熟悉度高的顾客对具有高感知有用性的产品会产生更大的信任。研究原创性/价值研究结合认知一致性理论, 从理论上拓展了SOR框架在旅游聊天机器人的适用性, 解释了消费者响应人机交互的内在机制。

Do online peer reviews stimulate diners’ continued log-in behavior: Investigating the role of emotions in the O2O meal delivery apps context

There is growing evidence that online peer reviews posted on online-to-offline (O2O) commerce platforms are a valuable source of information stimuli in consumer purchase decision-making. The research into the impact of different factors related to environmental stimuli (online peer reviews) on consumers' continued log-in behavior is under-researched in the context of O2O meal delivery apps (MDAs). Drawing on the theoretical lens of stimulus-organism-response and pleasure-arousal-dominance (PAD) models, this study examined the role of text and pictographic online review content in evoking emotions that predict continued log-in behavior on MDAs. Using a quasi-experimental setup with 134 participants from Germany, the findings reveal that the textual content of reviews positively related to pleasure and arousal, whereas the pictographic content of reviews generated pleasure and arousal. All three emotions of PAD were found to be significant predictors of the MDAs continued log-in behavior. In addition to the main effects, the results also showed the mediating effect of pleasure and arousal on continued log-in behavior. Moreover, app familiarity was found to moderate the effect of review content on emotions, implying that consumers with high app familiarity evoke fewer diners’ emotions than those with low app familiarity. In the unique Western cultural context of this MDAs setting, the findings have important theoretical and practical implications for academicians, MDAs managers and developers, and food delivery firms.

Speech and Language Teletherapy Services During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To characterize the Covid-19 experience and telerehabilitation access, service delivery experiences, and perceived effectiveness in a national cohort of adults with aphasia. <h3>Design</h3> Online Survey. <h3>Setting</h3> Distributed nationally in early 2021 through aphasia centers, university clinics, and social media. <h3>Participants</h3> Individuals with aphasia. <h3>Interventions</h3> Not applicable. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> The survey included questions related to demographics, knowledge and attitudes about the coronavirus, healthcare experiences including telehealth/ telerehabilitation immediately before and during the pandemic, familiarity with technology, physical and mental health during the pandemic, and life changes in regards to access to family and friends, routines, and family income/employment. <h3>Results</h3> A sample of 440 respondents with aphasia met eligibility criteria. 60% of respondents indicated that they felt nervous or stressed because of the coronavirus some of the time, and 18.5% most or all of the time. 80% of respondents indicated that the coronavirus pandemic had changed their access to healthcare. 47.6% of respondents indicated that they had missed or canceled a medical appointments because they were worried about getting the coronavirus. Of the 272 participants who were actively receiving some form of speech and language therapy, 70.5% indicated that they had an individual appointment with a speech language pathologist via telerehabilitation since the coronavirus pandemic began. The majority of respondents indicated that the telerehabilitation appointment was the same or better than traditional in-person speech and language therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Respondents who perceived that they were at high risk of Covid-19 infection and death were more likely to accept telerehabilitation services than patients who perceived themselves at low risk. Utilization of telerehabilitation services varied by household access to high speed internet and familiarity with information technology resources. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> Supported by Grant #DC017174-02S1 Authors have no conflicts.

Effect of linguistic disfluency on consumer satisfaction: Evidence from an online knowledge payment platform

The popularity of online knowledge payment platforms enables online users to disseminate paid knowledge via voice communication. However, such communication provided by users with little professional teaching skills commonly tends to contain linguistic disfluency, which is a potential determinant of consumer satisfaction of paid knowledge products. This study examines how linguistic disfluency inherent in paid knowledge products impacts consumer satisfaction and the moderating effects of two consumer knowledge aspects, namely expertise and familiarity. Based on processing fluency theory, we build a theoretical model to illuminate relationships between consumer satisfaction, linguistic disfluency, and consumer knowledge. Leveraging data from Zhihu Live, a leading online knowledge payment platform, we find that linguistic disfluency is negatively associated with consumer satisfaction; nevertheless, this negative association disappears or turns into a positive effect for consumers with high expertise and low familiarity. Our study offers implications for platforms to accomplish high consumer satisfaction and further improve user retention and revenue.

In search of diverse and connected teams: A computational approach to assemble diverse teams based on members' social networks.

Previous research shows that teams with diverse backgrounds and skills can outperform homogeneous teams. However, people often prefer to work with others who are similar and familiar to them and fail to assemble teams with high diversity levels. We study the team formation problem by considering a pool of individuals with different skills and characteristics, and a social network that captures the familiarity among these individuals. The goal is to assign all individuals to diverse teams based on their social connections, thereby allowing them to preserve a level of familiarity. We formulate this team formation problem as a multi-objective optimization problem to split members into well-connected and diverse teams within a social network. We implement this problem employing the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), which finds team combinations with high familiarity and diversity levels in O(n2) time. We tested this algorithm on three empirically collected team formation datasets and against three benchmark algorithms. The experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm successfully formed teams that have both diversity in member attributes and previous connections between members. We discuss the benefits of using computational approaches to augment team formation and composition.