High Estimates Of GCV Research Articles

Elucidation of Genetic Variability for Seed Yield and Its Component Traits, along with Association Studies in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh.

The experimental material consisted of fifty-five pigeonpea genotypes sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during the kharif, 2020-2021 crop seasons at the N. E. B. Crop Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The components of genetic variance, correlation, and path coefficient were estimated for seed yield and its component by using fifty five pigeonpea genotypes. The highest PCV (> 20%) was recorded for characters, viz. number of secondary branches per plant (62.34%), number of primary branches per plant (37.65%), number of pods per plant (33.00 %), and seed yield per plant (31.84%), and lowest estimates (< 10%) of PCV were found for days to 50% flowering (9.45%) and days to maturity (5.74%). The high estimates of GCV (> 20%) were recorded for traits viz., number of secondary branches (42.16%), number of pods per plant (32.65 %), and seed yield/plant (30.54%), and lowest estimates of GCV were (<10%) for days to 50% flowering (9.43%) and days to maturity (5.71%) number of seeds per pod (5.28 %) and 100-seed weight (9.51 %). The number of pods per plant, (0.858) had high positive direct effects on the seed yield per plant along with a positive and significant correlation (rp=0.77). Based on the present investigation, it is evident that delving into genetic variability, correlations, and path analyses provides a more effective approach for selection of superior cultivars for yield and related traits.

Estimation of Genetic Variability Parameters and Character Association in F2 Generation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Crosses under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions

The present study was carried out to estimate genetic variability parameters, heritability (in broad sense), genetic advance as percentage of mean and character association in F2 generation of five chickpea crosses under irrigated and rainfed conditions for yield and its components traits. The estimates of these parameters will help us to decide selection criteria for improvement of seed yield in chickpea. Significant differences were observed among the crosses and generations for all the characters under both the conditions. The highest range of variation was observed for 100 seed weight followed by seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, seeds per pod and plant height in irrigated condition, while in rainfed condition the highest range of variation was registered for 100 seed weight followed by days to 50% flowering, fruiting branches per plant, seed yield per plant, days to maturity and harvest index. Hence, selection should be done on characters having wide range of variation under the respective environmental condition. Phenotypic variance was higher than the corresponding genotypic variance for all the characters studied under both the conditions, indicating more contribution of environment in the phenotypic appearance of the traits than their genetic makeup. The high estimates of GCV and PCV were obtained for fruiting branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight in most of the crosses under both the conditions. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for pods per plant in most of the crosses under both the conditions. RSG-895 × RSG-888 showed high heritability coupled with high GAM for seed yield per plant and harvest index, CSJD-901 × RSG-931 for seed yield per plant, RSG-888 × ICC-4958 for harvest index under irrigated condition indicated the importance of additive gene action in the inheritance of these characters; hence, selection based on phenotypic performance would be effective for improvement of these characters. Seed yield per plant had positive and significant correlation with fruiting branches per plant, pods per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and 100 seed weight under both the conditions and with plant height in rainfed condition only. So selection based on these characters is expected to bring improvement in the seed yield of chickpea.

Genetic Variability and Character Association for Yield and Related Attributes in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.): Experimental Investigation

The present study was designed to assess the extent of variability, genetic advance, heritability and correlation of different traits of 20 groundnut genotypes using randomized block design with three replications. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each treatment and replication for 15 different quantitative traits. Based on the mean performance, high pod yield per plant were identified for the genotype SC-28, VG-17 (CHECK). High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for number of branches per plant followed by days to germination, number of pegs per plant, plant height. Genetic parameters revealed that high heritability and genetic advance as % mean values were recorded for number of pegs per plant followed by plant height, biological yield per plant and 100 kernel weight. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that pod yield per plant exhibited positive and significant association with number of branches and days to germination at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis revealed that characters viz.. harvest index, biological yield per plant, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, kernel yield per plant excetred positive direct effect on pod yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic levels.

Assessment of Genetic Variability for Yield, Yield Attributing and Quality Traits of Promising Genotypes of Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L. Taub.

The present study was conducted to evaluate twenty four (24) genotypes along with 1 check variety (Pusa Navbahar) of cluster bean during kharif, July–September, 2019 at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Telangana, India to estimate variability, broad sense heritability and genetic advance for pod yield and yield attributing traits. The observations were recorded on various growth, yield and quality parameters. High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for plant height, number of branches plant-1, pod length, pod weight and number of pods plant-1. Protein content, gum content and fibre content recorded moderate to high PCV and GCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as % of mean was observed for plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of clusters plant-1, days to maturity, number of pods plant-1, pod length, pod girth, pod weight, number of seeds pod-1, pod yield plant-1, pod yield ha-1, protein content, gum content and fibre content. High variability in conjunction with high genetic advance as % of mean indicating the predominance of additive gene action. These traits could be exploited through manifestation of dominance and epistatic components through heterosis breeding. The overall assessment showed that there was wide variability among cluster bean genotypes which has important implication for selection of cluster bean genotypes for yield and quality attributes.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Yield Contributing Characters on Seed Yield in Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses in the world. Pulses play a crucial role in the nutrition of mankind and can be cultivated all over the world, making them important both economically as well as nutritionally. The present investigation was carried out with objective of assessing genetic variability, genetic parameters like GCV, PCV, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path analysis on 26 Blackgram genotypes with one check using randomized block design with three replication during Kharif 2021 in experimental Farm of the Department Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Observations were recorded for 13 characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 50% pod setting, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length (cm), biological yield per plant (g), harvest Index (%), seed index, seed yield per plant (g). based on mean performance MASH -338 found to be superior in seed yield per plant followed by IPU-99. Among the 13 quantitative characters, high estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded respectively for number of pods per plant followed by number of clusters per plant. Number of pods per plant showed high heritability and genetic advance. Positive and significant correlation with number of clusters per plant at genotypic and phenotypic level. At genotypic level, the highest positive direct effect on Seed yield per plant effect was found for number of clusters per plant and harvest index at genotypic level. It can be concluded that these traits can be used as selection criteria in blackgram for bringing improvement in seed yield.

Estimation of Genetic Variability and Character Association for Yield Characters in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

The present study entitled “Estimation of genetic variability and character association for yield characters in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” was designed to assess the extent of variability, genetic advance, heritability and correlation of different traits of 22 chickpea genotypes using randomized block design with three replications. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each treatment and replication for 13 different quantitative traits. Based on the mean performance, high seed yield per plant were identified for the genotype ICC-13348, GNG-469 and IPC-9-50. High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for number of seeds per plant, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant, Seed Index, number of pods per plant. Genetic parameters revealed that heritability and genetic advance as % mean values are high were recorded for biological yield per plant, Number of seeds per plant, seed index, Number of pods per plant. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plant exhibited positive and significant association with biological yield, seed index and harvest index at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis revealed that characters seed index, biological yield and harvest index have positive direct effect on seed yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Hence, these traits should be prelimin ary included in selection criteria for crop improvement programme in chickpea.

Genetic variability studies for seed yield and yield component traits in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

Thirty-two cowpea genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design to assess the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance for ten quantitative traits. Analysis of variance unveiled that differences among the genotypes were significant for all the characters considered indicating the presence of a substantial amount of genetic variation among the germplasm studied. High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for clusters per plant, seed yield per plant, pods per plant, plant height and seeds per pod, while high estimates of heritability were recorded for all the characters under study. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, test weight, seeds per pod, pod length and branches per plant suggesting predominance of additive gene effects and these characters could be improved through selection. Keywords: Cowpea, GCV, PCV, Heritability, Genetic Advance

Assessment of genetic diversity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes using D2 statistics

The present investigation consists of 35 genotypes of chickpea including one check, these genotypes were obtained from ICAR – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, U.P. The experiment was conducted during Rabi, 2020 at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), in RBD having three replications. The data was recorded on 13 characters to study the variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic advance per cent mean and genetic divergence. Analysis of variance revealed that there was considerable genetic variability in the available germplasm for all the characters studied. Per se performance for grain yield and its components depicted that genotypes Phule-4-5, was found best followed by RVG-202, ICC-244263, NEC-799, JG-24 and PUSA-362(Check). A close perusal of variability co-efficients revealed that the difference between GCV and PCV was indicated little influence of environment on the expression of the characters studied. High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for seed yield per plant, seed weight, no of seeds per plant, no of pods per plant, biological yield per plant, no. of seeds per pod and harvest index. High heritability in conjunction with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for No. of seeds per plant, Seed weight, no of primary branches per plant, no of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, no of pods per plant, biological yield per plant. Divergence analysis revealed that highest inter cluster distance (140.42) was found between clusters I and II indicates that there is ample scope for selection of better parents.

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] Genotypes

Background: Cluster bean commonly known as guar is an important leguminous crop. It is widely exploited as an industrial crop because of its seeds which contain galactomannan rich endosperm. Nutrient rich green pods are used as vegetable for human consumption and plants as fodder for livestock. It is a drought tolerant hardy vegetable, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen. Even though it has great potential as a vegetable and industrial crop, it is not very popular in Kerala. So, there is a need for improvement and development of varieties suitable for climatic condition prevailing in Kerala. Hence, evaluation of germplasm has to be conducted as a preliminary step in-order to study extend of variability available in the germplasm and to identify suitable high yielding genotypes that can be utilized in the crop improvement programme. The present study was conducted to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield contributing characters among the collected cluster bean genotypes. Methods: Thirty accessions of cluster bean were evaluated during 2018. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with two replications. Statistical analysis was employed for estimation of various genetic parameters such as GCV, PCV, heritability and GAM. Result: The genotypes exhibited wide variability for all the characters studied. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for number of branches, number of pod clusters/plant, number of pods/plant, number of pods/cluster, pod weight and pod yield/plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for plant height, number of branches, number of pod clusters/plant, number of pods/plant, number of pods/cluster, pod weight and pod yield/plant which suggested the presence of addictive gene effects. Hence, pod yield in cluster bean could be improved through direct selection.

Genetic diversity studies in finger millet: Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn

The present investigation was conducted to examine the genetic diversity among 34 genotypes of finger millet, during Kharif-2019 in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The data were recorded on fifteen quantitative characters to study variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic divergence. Analysis of Variance showed significant differences among 34 finger millet genotypes for all the characters under study at 1% level of significance. Thus, indicating that a good amount of variability thus revealed that these genotypes have been developed from different genetic background. On the basis of per se performance for different quantitative traits, genotype IE3473 was found to be the best genotype in Prayagraj agro-climatic conditions. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for harvest index. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for harvest index, followed by biological yield per plant, test weight, days to 50% flowering, indicating the predominance of additive gene effects and the possibilities of effective selection for the improvement of these characters. Based on the relative magnitude of D2 value, the genotypes were grouped into seven clusters by Euclidean method of divergence study. Cluster I constituted maximum number genotypes with 18 genotypes. Maximum inter- cluster distance (D2) was observed between cluster VII and VI, suggesting that the genotypes from these clusters can be selected to yield superior segregants and further genetic improvement. Grain yield appeared to be the most important trait contributing maximum towards genetic divergence. This indicated that this attributes should form the criteria for selection of parents for hybridization programme.

Trait Association and Path Analysis Studies of Yield Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm

Forty-eight Rice germplasm were undertaken for estimating variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield attributing traits. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications during two-season viz., July-Oct, 2017 and July-Oct, 2018 at the Agriculture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. Analysis of variance revealed that genotypes contain significant differences for all the traits. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for traits like filled grains panicle-1 followed by total grains panicle-1, grain yield plant-1 and number of effective tillers plant-1. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as % of mean was observed for the traits viz. plant height, days to 50% flowering and test weight. These characters exhibited less influence of environmental variance in their inheritance and hence could be improved by means of simple selection. Path analysis revealed that characters like filled grains panicle-1, total grains panicle-1 and number of effective tillers plant-1 had prominent direct positive effects on grain yield plant-1. Genotypes LC-53, LC-55 and LC-50 and LC-59 were found to be superior for yield and contributing traits during July-Oct, 2017 and July-Oct, 2018 respectively while LC-90 was found to be consistently overling under both seasons. Genotypes LC-54 and LC-56 were earliest in flowering and maturity suggesting that they can be used as a donor in hybridization programme for evolving early maturing rice variety.

An assessment of genetic variability for drought tolerance in rice

The genetic variability for yield and yield contributing traits were studied in forty genotypes of rice under moisture-stress (rainfed) and moisture non-stress (irrigated) conditions. The results revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. This indicated the ample scope for selection of promising genotypes from the present set of genotypes for yield improvement. The high estimates of GCV and PCV coupled with high heritability and expected genetic advance for yield and important yield contributing traits showed their importance in selection for improving rice yield. The correlation study revealed that grain yield per plant had strong positive associations with effective panicle bearing tillers, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle weight, filled grains per panicle, total grains per panicle and length of main panicle. This indicated that grain yield of rice can be improved under both the environments having higher per se performances for the above traits. The genotypes such as HUR 105, NDR 359, Swarna were found to be best for yield and yield contributing traits. However, based on the different drought parameters, the varieties such as HUR105, HUR 4–3 and IET-20556 has been identified as drought tolerant which might be utilised in future breeding programmes.

Genetic variability and correlation studies in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, during the period 2014 - 2015 to asses the extent of genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path coefficient analysis of 60 genotypes of brinjal for yield and shoot and fruit borer tolerance. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The maximum phenotypic and genotypic variation was noted for fruit yield per plant followed by fruit weight, fruit girth, number of fruits per plant and shoot and fruit borer incidence. High heritability along with high estimates of GCV, genetic advance and genetic gain were observed for fruit yield per plant, fruit weight, number of secondary branches per plant and shoot and fruit borer incidence. Among the sixteen morphological characters studied, number of long styled flowers per plant, number of short styled flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, days to first harvesting and shoot and fruit borer incidence showed positive direct effect. For fruit weight, fruit girth and number of fruits per plant were observed positive and significant correlation. It is suggested that the greater emphasis should be given for selection of these characters.

Genetic variability and correlation studies in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, during the period 2014 - 2015 to asses the extent of genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis of 60 genotypes of brinjal for yield and shoot and fruit borer tolerance. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. From the analysis of data, it can be concluded that the maximum phenotypic and genotypic variation was noted for fruit yield per plant (67.94 and 67.27%) followed by fruit weight (50.70 and 50.41%), fruit girth (30.72 and 29.88%), number of fruits per plant (29.99 and 29.79%) followed by shoot and fruit borer incidence (21.59 and 21.37%). High heritability along with high estimates of GCV, genetic advance and genetic gain was observed for fruit yield per plant, fruit weight, number of secondary branches per plant and shoot and fruit borer incidence. Among the sixteen morphological characters studied, number of long styled flowers per plant (8.803), number of short styled flowers per plant (5.403), number of fruits per plant (3.099), fruit weight (0.757), days to first harvesting (0.133) and shoot and fruit borer incidence (0.082) showed positive direct effect in path co-efficient analysis. Positive correlation was recorded for fruit weight (0.885), fruit girth (0.644) and number of fruits per plant (0.622).

Genetic Diversity Analysis in Sub-tropical Maize (Zea Mays L.) germplasm

The present investigation was conducted to examine the genetic diversity existing among 50 genotypes of maize, during Rabi-2014sown under randomized block design with three replications. The data were recorded for sixteen quantitative characters to obtain estimates of variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic divergence. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the characters studied except for number of cobs per plant. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for leaf area indexfollowed by leaf area per plant and number of grains per row. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for leaf area per plant and plant height. MahalanobisD 2 analysis revealed considerable amount of diversity in the material. The 50genotypes were grouped into 8 heterogeneous clusters. Among these clusters,Cluster Ihad maximum number of genotypes (14 genotypes).On the basis of mean performance genotypesHKI 193-1-1, R-13-1, TARUN 83-1-32, R-13-1-17 was found to be the best genotypes in Allahabad agro-climatic conditions. The characters such as leaf area per plant, plant height, days to 50 % tasseling, days to 50 % silking, seed fill duration and cob height showed high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance which indicates that there is more chance of inheritance from progeny to their offspring, therefore these characters should be given top priority for effective selection.The present investigation revealed that ClusterVI and VIIIwere most diverse.Genotypes constituted in these clusters may be used as parents for future

Estimates of genetic variability and scope of selection for yield determinants in mutated populations of chickpea (<italic>Cicer arietinum</italic> L.)

The experimental material consisted seven mutagenic populations of chickpea in M<sub>3</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> generation, control (Avarodhi) and check variety Pusa 312. The experiment was conducted during <italic>rabi</italic> 2009-10 and 2010-11. On the basis of <italic>per se</italic> performance, six mutagenic populations were selected for high seed yield coupled with high harvest index and more number of pods per plant. None of the mutagenic populations exhibited high estimates of GCV and PCV in M<sub>3</sub> generation whereas number of pods per plant and 100 -seed weight exhibited high estimates of GCV and PCV in M<sub>4</sub> generation. The results on heritability and genetic advance indicated that the isolation of mutants from M<sub>4</sub> population with high number of secondary branches per plant, high number of pods per plant, high 100 seed weight, high harvest index and high seed yield per plant is possible in advanced generations. All the yield component traits exhibited positive and significant association with seed yield per plant at phenotypic level except plant height and number of primary branches per plant in both M<sub>3</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> generations. Harvest index and biological yield per plant had high (maximum) direct effect on seed yield per plant in both generations. In selection process, emphasis on harvest index, biological yield per plant, number of primary branches per plant, of secondary branches per plant and of pods per plant should be given to isolate the high yielding segregants in chickpea.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER ASSOCIATION FOR POLYGENIC TRAITS IN SOME RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES (RIL’S) OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Fourteen recombinant inbred lines (RIL’s) obtained from IR 30 and Basmati 370 were evaluated along with two popular varieties viz. Khitish (IET4094) and Minikit (IET 4786) for 14 biometrical characters during summer 2012 at Regional Research Station, New alluvial Zone, Chakadaha, Nadia, Bidhan Chandra KrishiVishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India., in Randomized Block Design with two replications. Except number of primary branches per panicle, grain breadth and kernel breadth all the characters studied showed significant differences among the genotypes. Four lines (S7, S10, S13 and S14) possessed significantly higher grain yield than superior check variety. The high estimates of GCV and PCV were obtained for number of panicle per plant, grain yield per plant, floret number per panicle, number of grains per panicle and panicle weight. High heritability was observed for number of panicle per plant, kernel L/B ratio, kernel length, 1000 grain weight and grain L/B ratio. High genetic advance was observed for number of grain per panicle, floret number per panicle, grain yield per plant, number of secondary branches per panicle and 1000 grain weight respectively while lowest genetic advance was observed in kernel breadth. Genetic advance as percentage of mean was highest for number of panicle per plant followed by grain yield per plant, florets number per panicle and Kernel L/B ratio while lowest was recorded for kernel breadth. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was obtained for number of grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, kernel length and grain yield per plant. It indicated the predominance of additive gene action for controlling these characters. Therefore, these characters can be improved simply through selection. High heritability associated with low genetic advance was observed for panicle weight, grain length, grain L/B ratio and kernel L/B ratio. It suggested non–additive gene action for the expressions of these characters. The magnitude of genotypic correlation coefficient was in general higher than that of the corresponding phenotypic ones. Grain yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with number of panicles per plant, floret number per panicle and number of grain per panicle. The kernel length imparted the highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant followed by number of grain per panicle, number of panicle per plant and panicle weight. Keyword: recombinant inbred lines (RIL’s), correlation, genetic advance, heritability and path coefficient.

Genetic diversity of irrigated medium duration of rice genotypes suited for eastern plain zone of U.P.

The present investigation was conducted to examine the genetic diversity existing among 41 genotypes of rice, during kharif-2013 under randomized block design with three replications. The data were recorded for thirteen quantitative characters to obtain estimates of variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic divergence. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the characters studied. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for economic yield followed by harvest index and flag leaf length. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for spikelets per panicle. Mahalanobis D 2 analysis revealed considerable amount of diversity in the material. The forty-one genotypes were grouped into seven heterogeneous clusters. Among these clusters, Cluster I had maximum number of genotypes (9). On the basis of mean performance genotypes CR 264-26-1-2-2 and RP 5213-69-13-3-4-1-2-B were found to be the best genotypes in Allahabad agro-climatic conditions. The characters such as grain yield, harvest index, number of panicles per plant and biological yield per plant should be given top priority for effective selection. The present investigation revealed that Cluster V and VII are most diverse to each other and the genotypes constituted in these clusters may be used as parents for future hybridization.

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND SELECTION CRITERIA IN RICE

Genetic parameters, correlation and path analysis for 12 yield and quality traits were studied during rabi, 2009 - 10 in 21 genotypes of rice. High estimates of GCV were recorded for plant height, number of filled grains/panicle and grain yield/plant. Heritability in broad sense was high for all the characters exc ept spikelet fertility. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean were recorded for number of productive tillers/plant, panicle density, number of filled grains/panicle, 1000 - grain weight, grain yield/plant and kernel length. Gra in yield/plant exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with days to 50 % flowering, plant height, productive tillers/plant, panicle length, panicle density and filled grains/panicle. Path coefficient studies indicated maximum direct positive effect of plant height, productive tillers, filled grains/panicle and kernel length and kernel breadth on grain yield/plant.

VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS IN SCENTED RICE

The investigation conducted with fifty ri ce genotypes comprising both Basmati and aromatic short grain types revealed significant differences among the genotypes for the yield, its components and grain quality characteristics. High estimates of GCV were observed for productive tillers per plant, filled grains per panicle whereas, the estimates for panicle length, days to 50 percent flowering, kernel breadth and kernel elongation ratio were low. The yield components, viz ., productive tillers per plant and filled grains per panicle which exhibited h igh heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were under the influence of additive gene action. The remaining traits were mostly under the influence of non additive gene action as they recorded low to moderate estimates of genetic a dvance. The correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was significantly associated with harvest index, plant height, days to 50 percent flowering, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and filled grains per panicle. The characters, plant heigh t, harvest index, number of grains per panicle at genotypic level exhibited moderate positive direct effects; whereas, days to 50 per cent flowering and 1000 - grain weight had low positive direct effects. The study on correlations and path analysis indicat ed that emphasis should be given for selection of plants possessing higher number of grains per panicle with increased panicle length and optimum plant height so as to maintain higher harvest index to develop high yielding varieties for rainy ( kharif) seas on.