High Emotional Exhaustion Research Articles

Prevalence and Workplace Drivers of Burnout in Cancer Care Physicians in Ontario, Canada.

Provider well-being has become the fourth pillar of the quadruple aim for providing quality care. Exacerbated by the global COVID-19 pandemic, provider well-being has become a critical issue for health care systems worldwide. We describe the prevalence and key system-level drivers of burnout in oncologists in Ontario, Canada. This is a cross-sectional survey study conducted in November-December 2019 of practicing cancer care physicians (surgical, medical, radiation, gynecologic oncology, and hematology) in Ontario, Canada. Ontario is Canada's largest province (with a population of 14.5 million), and has a single-payer publicly funded cancer system. The primary outcome was burnout experience assessed through the Maslach Burnout Inventory. A total of 418 physicians completed the questionnaire (response rate was 44% among confirmed oncologists). Seventy-three percent (n = 264 of 362) of oncologists had symptoms of burnout (high emotional exhaustion and/or depersonalization scores). Significant drivers of burnout identified in multivariable regression modeling included working in a hectic or chaotic atmosphere (odds ratio [OR] = 15.5; 95% CI, 3.4 to 71.5; P < .001), feeling unappreciated on the job (OR = 7.9; 95% CI, 2.9 to 21.3; P < .001), reporting poor or marginal control over workload (OR = 7.9; 95% CI, 2.9 to 21.3; P < .001), and not being comfortable talking to peers about workplace stress (OR = 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1 to 7.9; P < .001). Older age (≥ 56 years) was associated with lower odds of burnout (OR = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.4; P < .001). Nearly three quarters of participants met predefined standardized criteria for burnout. This number is striking, given the known impact of burnout on provider mental health, patient safety, and quality of care, and suggests Oncologists in Ontario may be a vulnerable group that warrants attention. Health care changes being driven by the COVID-19 pandemic provide an opportunity to rebuild new systems that address drivers of burnout. Creating richer peer-to-peer and leadership engagement opportunities among early- to mid-career individuals may be a worthwhile organizational strategy.

Burnout, apoyo social, ansiedad y satisfacción laboral en profesionales del Trabajo Social

Burnout, defined with its most agreed upon definition, given in 1982 by Christina Maslach (Maslach Burnout Inventory), is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job. Individuals suffering from burnout experience emotional exhaustion, depersonalization of clients, and reduced feelings of personal accomplishment. The well-documented day-to-day and long-term experiences of job stress and burnout among social services institutions increasingly raise concerns among leaders, policy makers and scholars. In this senses, previous research conducted internationally has shown a high prevalence of burnout among Social Workers collective. The burnout in Social Work is related to three types of factors: individual (seniority, gender, training and qualification, personality attributes, etc.), organizational (role stress, uncertainty, work overload, lack of human resources, etc.), and contextual. However, it is not frequent to find studies that analyze this occupational health problem in Spain. Current research explores the prevalence of burnout (using the Maslach Burnout Inventory) and associated risk factors like the demographic, occupational, perceived social support (Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) and job satisfaction levels (Overall Job Satisfaction) among social workers in Spain. Higher perceived social support decreases; higher anxiety is linked to higher burnout, and higher job satisfaction is linked to lower burnout incidence. Participants: the study’s sample was composed of a total of 252 subjects, of which 88.5 % (n = 223) were women, and 11.5 % (n = 29) were men, all social workers from the Professional Associations of Social Work of Seville and Murcia, with an average age of 40.7 years. The information was collected online via the Google Questionnaire application at the end of 2017. The questionnaire was divided into four different blocks: demographic (including age, sex, marital status and number of children) and labor (seniority, employment sector and employment context ) variables; perceived social support (Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire); Generalized Anxiety disorder scale (GAD 7); Overall Job Satisfaction questionnaire; and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), whose 22 questions measure emotional exhaustion, low depersonalization and personal fulfillment. Based on the prevalence of burnout, 46.8 % (n = 118) showed high emotional exhaustion, 56.7 % (n = 143) high depersonalization and 62.3 % (n = 157) low personal achievement. Likewise, after logistic regression analysis, it is observed how certain variables are statistically significantly associated with the different dimensions of burnout, specifically, emotional exhaustion was associated with older age (OR = 1.028; p = .038), work seniority (OR = 1.032; p = .038) and job satisfaction (OR = .978; p = .009). High depersonalization was positively associated with working in social services (OR = 1.726; p = .018), perceived social support (OR = .969; p = .026) and anxiety (OR = 1.213; p = .037). Finally, low personal achievement was statistically associated with perceived social support (OR = .969; p = .026) and anxiety (OR = 1.213; p = .037). Current results could be effective when carrying out prevention strategies aimed at reducing the problem of burnout among Social Work professionals in Spain. The socio-economic and political context of Spain characterized by austerity in recent years has negatively affected the public sector and social services through restrictions on access to rights, precarious working conditions for social workers, reduction of templates and work teams, elimination of public services and benefits, progressive privatization and reduction of budgets for social policies, increasing the workload of social workers in Spain. Current results show the degree of dissatisfaction among social workers in Spain, calling on other researchers to analyze the protective factors that can cushion the appearance and negative effects of burnout. https://doi.org/10.16888/interd.2022.39.1.11

Burnout, Resilience, and COVID-19 among Teachers: Predictive Capacity of an Artificial Neural Network

Emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and work inefficiency are three dimensions that define burnout syndrome among teachers. On another note, resilience can be understood as the ability to adapt to the environment and overcome adverse situations. In addition, COVID-19 has provided a threatening environment that has led to the implementation of resilience strategies to struggle with burnout and cope with the virus. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between resilience, burnout dimensions, and variables associated with COVID-19 through the design of an artificial neural network architecture. For this purpose, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), the Brief Resilience Coping Scale (BRCS), and a questionnaire on stress towards COVID-19 were administered to 419 teachers from secondary schools in southeastern Spain (292 females; 69.7%). The results showed that 30.8% suffered from burnout (high emotional exhaustion, high cynicism, and low professional efficacy) and that 38.7% had a high level of resilience, with an inverse relationship between both constructs. Likewise, we modelled an ANN able to predict burnout syndrome among 97.4% of teachers based on its dimensions, resilience, sociodemographic variables, and the stress generated by COVID-19. Our conclusions shed some light on the efficacy of relying on artificial intelligence in the educational field to predict the psychological situation of teachers and take early action.

Causes of burnout syndrome and coping strategies among high dependency unit nurses of an institution in the greater Accra region of Ghana.

AimThe aim of this study was to determine the causes of burnout syndrome and identify strategies to cope with them among nurses at high dependency unit if a regional Hospital in Ghana.DesignA descriptive convenient and purposive cross‐sectional study design was used for this study.MethodsThe study involved 40 nurses in the high dependency unit of the Hospital. A Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was adopted to measure burnout experienced by these nurses concentrating on feelings of being emotionally exhausted and lack of energy, depersonalization, feelings of impersonal response towards patients and personal achievement.Results62.5% of the respondents were in the high emotional exhaustion, 55% scored high in the depersonalization section and 52.5% scored high in the personal achievement (competence) on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

Occupational burnout in oncologists in Kazakhstan.

Although burnout levels in oncologists are likely high, its predictors remain poorly understood. This study was aimed to verify the prevalence of occupational burnout in oncology doctors and nurses in the major cancer centre in Kazakhstan and to elucidate its predictors to plan future prevention activities. In the leading tertiary-level cancer centre in Kazakhstan, we recruited 256 subjects (67% doctors and 33% nurses, 62% women, median age 37.5 [interquartile range 15] years) and offered them Maslach Burnout Inventory to quantify emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA). Demographics, fatigue, health-related quality of life with SF-8 and lifestyle were tested as predictors of burnout in multivariate logistic regression models. Number of subjects with high EE was 121 (47%), high DP was 161 (63%) and high PA was 152 (59%). Fatigue, worse mental component score (MCS), being single and not exercising regularly predicted more burnout in EE. Fatigue, worse physical component score (PCS) and worse MCS predicted more burnout in DP. Finally, more burnout in PA was independently associated with fatigue, worse PCS, being married or divorced and having a university or academic degree. The prevalence of occupational burnout in oncologists was high, necessitating early burnout prevention programmes, addressing, among other, fatigue reduction and regular exercise.

Characterization of Nonphysician Health Care Workers’ Burnout and Subsequent Changes in Work Effort

Burnout is a pervasive, unrelenting problem among health care workers (HCWs), with detrimental impact to patients. Data on the impact of burnout on workforce staffing are limited and could help build a financial case for action to address system-level contributors to burnout. To explore the association of burnout and professional satisfaction with changes in work effort over 24 months in a large cohort of nonphysician HCWs. This longitudinal cohort study was conducted in Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona; Jacksonville, Florida; and community-based hospitals and health care facilities in the Midwest among nonphysician HCWs who responded to 2 surveys from 2015 to 2017. Analysis was completed November 25, 2020. Burnout, as measured by 2 items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and professional satisfaction. The main outcome was work effort, as measured in full-time equivalent (FTE) units, recorded in payroll records. Data from 26 280 responders (7293 individuals aged 45-54 years [27.8%]; 20 263 [77.1%] women) were analyzed. A total of 8115 individuals (30.9%) had worked for the organization more than 15 years, and 6595 individuals (25.1%) were nurses. After controlling for sex, age, duration of employment, job category, baseline FTE, and baseline burnout, overall burnout (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% CI, 1.38-1.70; P < .001), high emotional exhaustion at baseline (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.39-1.71; P < .001), and high depersonalization at baseline (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.21-1.62; P < .001) were associated with an HCW reducing their FTE over the following 24 months. Conversely, satisfaction with the organization at baseline was associated with lower likelihood of reduced FTE (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.65-0.83; P < .001). Findings were similar when emotional exhaustion (OR per 1-point increase, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.10-1.16; P < .001), depersonalization (OR per 1-point increase, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06-1.14; P < .001) and satisfaction with the organization (OR per 1-point increase, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.79-0.88; P < .001) were modeled as continuous measures. Nurses represented the largest group (1026 of 1997 nurses [51.4%]) reducing their FTE over the 24 months. This cohort study found that burnout and professional satisfaction of HCWs were associated with subsequent changes in work effort over the following 24 months. These findings highlight the importance of addressing factors contributing to high stress among all HCWs as a workforce retention and cost reduction strategy.

Abusive supervision, occupational well-being and job performance: The critical role of attention–awareness mindfulness

Drawing from the job demands–resources (JD-R) model, this study sets out to investigate two complementary mechanisms that underpin the connection between employees’ exposure to abusive supervision and diminished job performance – one that is health-related (higher emotional exhaustion) and another that is motivation-related (lower work engagement). It also examines how this harmful process might be contained by employees’ mindfulness, particularly as manifest in its attention–awareness component. Data collected across three points in time among employees and supervisors in different organizations show that the motivation-based mechanism is more prominent than its health-impairment counterpart in connecting abusive supervision with lower job performance. The results also reveal a buffering effect of employees’ mindfulness on their responses to abusive supervision. JEL Classification: M50

Anxiety and burnout in anesthetists and intensive care unit nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThis study aimed to measure the levels of anxiety and burnout among healthcare workers, including attending physicians, residents, and nurses in intensive care units during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. MethodsThis is a cross-sectional survey analysis of healthcare workers in our institution. Data were collected on demographic variables, COVID-19 symptoms and test, disease status, anxiety level (assessed by the Beck Anxiety Inventory), and burnout level (measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory). Subscales of the burnout inventory were evaluated separately. ResultsA total of 104 participants completed the survey. Attending physicians, residents, and nurses constituted 25%, 33.7%, and 41.3% of the cohort, respectively. In comparison to untested participants, those tested for COVID-19 had a lower mean age (p = 0.02), higher emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores (p = 0.001, 0.004, respectively), and lower personal accomplishment scores (p = 0.004). Furthermore, moderate to severe anxiety was observed more frequently in tested participants than untested ones (p = 0.022). Moderate or severe anxiety was seen in 23.1% of the attending physicians, 54.3% of the residents, and 48.8% of the nurses (p = 0.038). Emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization scores differed depending on the position of the healthcare workers (p = 0.034, 0.001, 0.004, respectively). ConclusionThis study revealed higher levels of anxiety and burnout in younger healthcare workers and those tested for COVID-19, which mainly included residents and nurses. The reasons for these observations should be further investigated to protect their mental health.

Work burnout and coping strategies among Egyptian forensic physicians: a national study

BackgroundForensic physicians are confronted daily with highly stressful and traumatic duties. With repeated exposure, they are at risk of psychological distress, especially burnout. The current study’s objective was to measure the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among Egyptian forensic physicians, describe their coping strategies, and the correlation between burnout levels and coping strategies. A cross-sectional study on Egyptian forensic physicians was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. It included personal and occupational data, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Brief COPE Inventory. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant independent predictors of burnout. The correlation between burnout and coping was examined.ResultsModerate/high levels of burnout were scored by 72.9 %, 51.9%, and 75.9% of forensic physicians in the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment subscales, respectively. The significant independent predictors of high emotional exhaustion were being a forensic examiner (AOR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3–7.6) and facing stressful job duties more than five times per month (AOR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.6–12.3). The predictor of high depersonalization was being a forensic examiner (AOR, 22.8; 95% CI, 8.0–64.8), and for low personal accomplishment was being a female (AOR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.3–6.8). The most frequent coping strategies adopted by forensic physicians were adaptive coping.ConclusionsEgyptian forensic physicians have a high prevalence of burnout. Forensic examiners, females with high exposure to stressful duties are more likely to have high burnout levels. Thus, psychoeducation and psychological support services should be applied and made easily accessible to them.

Prevalence of burnout in medical students in China: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of burnout among medical students in China.A systematic search from the following electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang database, VIP database, Chinese biomedical literature database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was independently conducted by 2 reviewers from inception to September 2019. The data were analyzed using stata software Version 11. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 tests, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test. The source of heterogeneity among subgroups was determined by subgroup analysis of different parameters.A total of 48 articles with a sample size of 29,020 met the inclusion criteria. The aggregate prevalence of learning burnout was 45.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 38.1%–53.8%). The prevalence rate of high emotional exhaustion was 37.5% (95% CI: 21.4%–53.7%). The percentage was 44.0% (95% CI: 29.2%–58.8%) for low personal accomplishment. The prevalence rate was 36.0% (95% CI: 23.0%–48.9%) in depersonalization dimension. In the subgroup analysis by specialty, the prevalence of burnout was 30.3% (95% CI: 28.6%–32.0%) for clinical medicine and 43.8% (95% CI: 41.8%–45.8%) for other medical specialties. The total prevalence of burnout between men and women was 46.4% (95% CI: 44.8%–47.9%) and 46.6% (95% CI: 45.5%–47.6%), respectively. The prevalence of burnout with Rong Lian's scale was 43.7% (42.1%–45.2%), and that with the other scales was 51.4% (50.4%–52.4%). The prevalence rates were 62.9% (61.3%–64.6%), 58.7% (56.3%–61.1%), 46.5% (42.9%–50.2%), and 56.0% (51.6%–60.4%) from Grades 1 to 4, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference among the different grades (P = .000).Our findings suggest a high prevalence of burnout among medical students. Society, universities, and families should take appropriate measures and allot more care to prevent burnout among medical students.

Engaged, overextended, or burned out: What is the state of the disaster response workforce?

The prolonged coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and co-occurring disasters during 2020 took a toll on everyone, taxing public health and disaster management personnel particularly. This initial study evaluated levels of exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy among a broad array of the disaster workforce responding to these events through an online survey. Responses were compared to normative standards from an international dataset using a one-sample t-test and described using k-means cluster analysis. Results from 111 emergency management and disaster services, public health, healthcare, first responders, and other professionals and volunteers indicated high levels of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, along with high levels of personal efficacy compared to normative samples. Perceptions of the heightened risk of contracting COVID-19 were significantly associated with increased emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Cluster analysis results indicated three different patterns of burnout: half of the respondents were overextended (high levels of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and efficacy) or burned out (high emotional exhaustion and cynicism, low efficacy), while 50 percent were engaged (low emotional exhaustion, low cynicism, and high personal efficacy). This suggests that despite the COVID-19 pandemic, a substantial proportion of the disaster response workforce is still thriving. However, a large proportion is burned out or at high risk (overextended). Limitations of this study include a lack of diversity in the sample, which, although similar to the demographic characteristics of the emergency manager population, may limit the generalizability of the study results. System-level planners can use this information to develop comprehensive workforce approaches, policies, and procedures to prevent burnout for these essential personnel working behind the scenes.

How to Mitigate the Negative Effect of Emotional Exhaustion among Healthcare Workers: The Role of Safety Climate and Compensation.

This study examines the relationship between emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. We further propose a safety climate and compensation as contextual variables that weaken the effect of emotional exhaustion. Survey data collected from 694 employees of a public hospital provided support for the hypothesized research model. The hierarchical multiple regression results reveal that high emotional exhaustion is negatively related to job satisfaction. In addition, the results suggest that compensation and a safety climate are moderating variables that mitigate the negative effects of emotional exhaustion. The theoretical implications and future directions are discussed.

The association between fear of future workplace violence and burnout among nurses in China: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundFear of future workplace violence has adverse effects on nurses’ health outcomes. However, the association between fear of future workplace violence and burnout among nurses in China remains unknown. MethodsEnrolled in the study were 1897 nurses from 12 tertiary hospitals of Shandong Province, China. Fear of future workplace violence was measured using the Fear of Future Violence at Work scale. Burnout was measured using the 15-item Maslach Burnout Service Inventory. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between fear of future workplace violence and burnout. ResultsThe prevalence of high emotional exhaustion, high cynicism, and low personal accomplishment was 26.7%, 38.1%, and 35.6%, respectively, while 72.9% of participants had high levels of fear of future workplace violence. Among nurses, compared with high levels of fear of future workplace violence, low levels of fear were associated with a lower degree of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and personal accomplishment; and medium levels of fear were associated with a lower degree of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and a higher degree of personal accomplishment. LimitationsThis was a cross-sectional study, which could not establish the causal relationship between fear of future workplace violence and burnout. ConclusionThere was a significant association between fear of future workplace violence and burnout among nurses. Fear of future workplace violence should be regarded as important issue for hospital administrators and healthcare policy makers when taking measures to ameliorate nurses’ burnout.

Depressive Symptoms and Burnout Among Medical Students: a Prospective Study.

Depressive symptoms and burnout are common among medical students. However, few studies have investigated their trajectory over the course of medical school. Evaluate year-by-year changes in depressive and burnout symptoms over the course of medical school training. Prospective study. Medical students who matriculated at a private medical school inMaryland from 2010 to 2016 (n=758). Clinically significant depressive symptoms were defined as a score of ≥10 on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). High emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment were defined as scores of ≥ 27, ≥10, and ≤33 on the respective MBI subscales. At matriculation, the prevalences of significant depressive symptoms, high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment were 4.3%, 9.4%, 8.6%, and 37.7%, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, and cohort, compared with year 1, the odds of significant depressive symptoms was significantly higher at the beginning of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years of study (ORs=2.63, 2.85, and 3.77, respectively; all ps<0.001). Compared with the 1st year, the odds of high emotional exhaustion also increased during the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years of study, (ORs=3.46, 4.79, 8.20, respectively; all ps<0.001), as did the odds of high depersonalization (ORs=3.55, 6.14, 12.53, respectively; all ps<0.001). The odds of low personal accomplishment did not significantly differ across years of study. The results of this study suggest that symptoms of depression and burnout may increase during medical school. Because of the high prevalence of depressive symptoms and burnout in medical students, interventions earlier in the medical career pathway that aim to prevent, detect, and treat these symptoms may be of benefit to the physician community.

Relationship between affective state and empathy in medical and psychology students

ABSTRACT Objective Stress, affective distress (e.g., anxiety & depression symptoms) and burnout, which are commonly experienced by health sciences students and clinicians, are reported to impair empathy. However, few prior studies have examined them in regards to empathy despite its importance to clinical practice. Thus, we examined the relationship between stress, affective distress (i.e., anxiety, depression), components of burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion, cynicism, low professional efficacy), and empathy in medical and psychology students and compared empathy and its predictors in the two student groups. Further, the putative mechanism underpinning empathy – interoceptive sensibility (IS; i.e., extent of awareness of bodily sensations) – was also examined in regards to empathy. Methods Medical (N = 80) and psychology (N = 213) students, including 206 females (70.3%) and 85 males, completed an online questionnaire that asked about empathy, stress, affective distress, burnout and IS. Multiple regression analyses identified which factors were related to global empathy (GE, i.e., total score), emotional empathy (EE), and cognitive empathy (CE). Results As a whole, the students reported average empathy levels as follows: EE (M = 13.49, SD = 3.92), CE (M = 16.32, SD = 5.11), and GE total score (M = 44.95, SD = 11.5). In the full sample, after controlling for gender, degree type and Autism Spectrum Quotient score, low GE and CE were associated with low professional efficacy, and low EE was related to high cynicism and low emotional exhaustion. A similar profile of results was obtained in psychology students except that low GE was also associated with low anxiety and high autonomic nervous system (ANS)-reactivity, low EE was related to low professional efficacy (but unrelated to emotional-exhaustion and low CE was related to low anxiety. No difference in GE, EE and CE were detected between psychology and medical students. Conclusion Results suggest that the qualities which reduce the potential for good quality communication (i.e., cynicism, autistic traits) may compromise empathy. However, hyper-arousal states (e.g., anxiety, emotional-exhaustion) may not necessarily impair empathy unless a person excessively focuses on their autonomic arousal sensations. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Psychological distress is reported to impair empathy in clinicians and medical students, but few studies have examined the premise despite the importance of empathy in clinical practice. (2) Prior studies have shown that empathy is inconsistently related to emotional state measures including the components of affective distress (e.g., anxiety) and burnout (e.g., emotional-exhaustion), and no studies have examined interoceptive awareness in this regard. (3) Most prior studies have shown that low empathy was related to greater affective distress and burnout, but several reported that it was related to low affective distress and burnout. What this topic adds: (1) Our results showed that low empathy was related to low anxiety, emotional-exhaustion and professional efficacy, but greater cynicism, autistic traits and awareness of ANS sensations. (2) No differences in global, emotional or cognitive empathy was detected between medical students and psychology students. (3) Results suggest that empathy may be impaired by experiences that can hamper communication (e.g., cynicism, autistic traits) whereas hyper-arousal states (i.e., anxiety, emotional-exhaustion) may not necessarily impair empathy, except when there is heightened awareness of ANS sensations.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on well-being and work-related burnout among healthcare workers at an academic center.

11019 Background: COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused an unprecedented distress in the community, but also significant physical and psychological exhaustion amongst healthcare workers (HCWs), that could lead to serious effects on our healthcare system. This study was conducted to assess burnout among oncologists and other healthcare professionals at a large academic center. Methods: An electronic 10-minute questionnaire was sent to actively employed physicians, APRNs and PAs at the University of Miami. Survey items evaluated various personal and professional characteristics including COVID related stress. Burnout was examined with Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which evaluated severity across two domains: emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The logistic regression model was used to estimate association between study variables and high burnout levels. Odds ratio (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained. Continuous variables were tested using two-sample t-test by high burnout status. Results: The survey was sent to 739 HCWs, out of which 182 (24.6%) completed the entire survey; 63.7% were physicians, 8.6% fellows, and 27.4% APRN or PA. The pandemic led to rescheduling of professional activities (22.2%), increased workload (59.5%), job insecurity (28.6%), and decreased leadership opportunities (32.2%). 62.3% of respondents reported decreased exercise; 44.8% reported new sleep disorder; 56.1% reported increased home responsibilities; childcare arrangements were affected in 60.6%; 61.4% struggled to maintain work-life balance. 70 of 182 respondents were broadly from the fields of Oncology and Palliative Care. 9 out of these 70 respondents reported high depersonalization, 27 reported high emotional exhaustion, and 33 reported overall high burnout symptoms on either emotional exhaustion or depersonalization scales. Amongst physicians holding positions from PGY4 through licensed attendings with less than 5 years’ experience, 62.5% (95%CI=35.4-84.8) showed high burnout rate (10 of 16), which was not statistically different from older physicians (11 of 27=40.7% (95%CI=22.4-61.2)). No difference in burnout was seen for other study variables including gender, marital status, and race/ethnicity. Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has incited not only an unmatched level of practice changes, but also extraordinary psycho-social uncertainty, leading to a considerable impact on HCWs’ wellbeing. Long working hours, lack of sleep, fear of losing job, transition to tele-medicine, risk of getting infection and putting their family at risk, lack of childcare, pressure of home schooling- all seem to have caused an increased physical and psychological pressure among HCWs and warrants an examination of potential coping mechanisms. This study sets the stage for more elaborate research to illustrate and guide the development of wellness programs imperative to the well-being of HCWs.

Burnout Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health-Care Professionals at Assiut University Hospitals, 2020.

Background: burnout syndrome is a serious and growing problem among medical staff. Its adverse outcomes not only affect health-care providers’ health, but also extend to their patients, resulting in bad-quality care. The COVID-19 pandemic puts frontline health-care providers at greater risk of psychological stress and burnout syndrome. Objectives: this study aimed to identify the levels of burnout among health-care professionals currently working at Assiut University hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: the current study adopted an online cross-sectional design using the SurveyMonkey® website for data collection. A total of 201 physicians were included and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale was used to assess the three burnout syndrome dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Results: about one-third, two-thirds, and one-quarter of the respondents had high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment, respectively. Younger, resident, and single physicians reported higher burnout scores. The personal accomplishment score was significantly higher among males. Those working more than eight hours/day and dealing with COVID-19 patients had significantly higher scores. Conclusion: during the COVID-19 pandemic, a high prevalence of burnout was recorded among physicians. Age, job title, working duration, and working hours/day were significant predictors for burnout syndrome subscale results. Preventive and interventive programs should be applied in health-care organizations during pandemics.

Burnout Among Private Security Staff in Serbia: A Multicentic Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Burnout is a special a state of physical or emotional exhaustion that also involves a sense of reduced accomplishment and loss of personal identity.Objectives: To evaluate the predictors of burnout among work staff in the seven private agencies for support and defense of persons and their property.Material and Method: We performed a multicentric cross-sectional study that involved representative sample of working staff from Agencies of Private Security in Central Serbia. Burnout was assessed using Maslach Burnout Inventory- (MBI)-Human Services Survey.Results: A total number of participants were 353 (330 men and 23 women). Measured level of burnout as assessed by high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment was 66.3, 82.4, and 13.4%, respectively. We identified that female gender, younger age, shorter work experience, working in shifts, working 12 h a day and more than 8–12 h a day as well as dissatisfaction with working conditions. Work in shifts, working 12 h a day and more than 8–12 h a day and dissatisfied with dissatisfaction with working conditions significantly increase the risk of total burnout.Conclusion: Our results showed that significant predictors for the development of burnout syndrome were female gender, younger age, shorter work experience, working in shifts, as well as dissatisfaction with working conditions.

Effect of Online Psychological Intervention on Burnout in Medical Residents From Different Majors: An Exploratory Study

Background: Work-related stress among healthcare professionals poses a serious economic and healthcare burden. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of burnout as well as anxiety, depression, and stress in medical residents from different majors, and assess the effects of an online psychological intervention on the mental health status of medical residents with a high degree of burnout.Methods: We conducted an online survey that collected information on the demographics, mental health, and burnout conditions of medical residents from Shengjing Hospital. The mental health condition was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS)−21. Further, burnout was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Medical residents with a total MBI score between 50 and 75 were selected to receive online psychological intervention for 3 months.Results: Two-hundred and ten medical residents completed the questionnaire, of whom, 63 residents with an MBI score between 50 and 75 received the 3-month online psychological intervention. Anesthesia residents showed the highest level of depression, anxiety, and stress, and presented with a lower sense of personal accomplishment, higher emotional exhaustion, and higher depersonalization. Furthermore, pediatric residents had the second highest DASS and MBI scores following anesthesia residents. Following the online psychological intervention, negative emotional states and burnout levels were significantly lower among anesthesia and pediatric residents. There were no differences in the level of stress and sense of personal accomplishment pre- and post-online psychological intervention among the different majors.Conclusion: Our findings revealed high levels of burnout, as well as depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in medical residents, with marked differences among different majors. The online psychological intervention effectively improved emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization, and relieved the psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in medical residents.

Epidemiology of Burnout and Its Association with Academic Performance Among Medical Students at Hail University, Saudi Arabia.

ObjectivesBurnout syndrome is a condition that is well-documented globally among medical students and affects their academic performance due to high levels of associated stress and psychiatric morbidities. This study aimed to assess burnout prevalence and predictors along with its association with academic performance among medical students at Hail University, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of medical students was conducted between May and June 2019 at the Medical College at Hail University. The English version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)-Student Survey was used to assess the three components of burnout syndrome—cynicism, emotional exhaustion and professional efficacy. A fixed-model multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for each of the three MBI components’ levels and for total burnout to identify factors significantly associated with burnout syndrome.ResultsA total of 218 students were included in this study (response rate: 53.8%). The majority of participants were female (n = 121; 55.5%) medical students ranging between 21–24 years of age. High emotional exhaustion, high cynicism and low professional efficacy was found among 79.4%, 61.0%, and 37.6%, respectively, of respondents. The overall prevalence of high burnout was 27.1% (n = 59). Female students were at almost double the risk for high emotional exhaustion compared to male students (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–4.34; P = 0.034). Students with grade point averages (GPA; on a four-point scale) ranging between 3.51–4.0 were considerably less prone (83% less risk) to experience burnout as compared to students with a GPA ≤2.0 (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03–0.91, P = 0.039).ConclusionHigh levels of overall burnout were reported among Hail University medical students. Students with a higher GPA, however, were found to be less prone to burnout.