High Efficiency Perovskite Research Articles

Novel Strategy for High Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells through Atomic Layer Deposition.

The perovskite material has demonstrated conceivable potential as an absorbing material of solar cells. Although the power conversion efficiency of the device based on perovskite has rapidly come to 26%, there are still many factors that affect the further improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Interface defects are the dominating concern that influence carrier transportation and stability. Here, we report a novel strategy where B2O3 is deposited on the fresh perovskite film by atomic layer deposition technology. The organic atmosphere during atomic layer deposition can effectively regulate the crystallization kinetics of perovskites and promote crystal growth. The B2O3 adsorbed on the perovskite light-absorption layer can effectively reduce the electropositive defects on the surface of the perovskite, such as uncoordinated Pb2+ and I vacancies due to the electron-donating properties of the side O atoms in B2O3. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell after B2O3 treatment increases to 21.78% from 18.89%. Simultaneously, B2O3 can improve the stability of devices.

Design of a high-efficiency perovskite solar cell based on photonic crystal in the absorption layer

Design of a high-efficiency perovskite solar cell based on photonic crystal in the absorption layer

Interface Modification with Inorganic Metal Salt for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Interface Modification with Inorganic Metal Salt for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Tunable Photoluminescent Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots at the Interface for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Tunable Photoluminescent Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots at the Interface for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

Zirconium Doping to Enable High-Efficiency and Stable CsPbI2Br All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells.

All-inorganic wide-bandgap perovskite CsPbI2Br has attracted much attention because of its inherent thermal stability and ideal bandgap for the front subcell of tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, the low power conversion efficiency (PCE) and poor moisture stability of CsPbI2Br still restrict its future commercialization. Herein, zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl4) was doped into CsPbI2Br films to modulate the crystal growth and improve the film quality. The partial substitution of the B-site Pb2+ of CsPbI2Br with Zr4+ suppresses the unwanted phase conversion from the crystallized black α-phase to the δ-phase, resulting in improved phase stability. Consequently, the humidity and thermal stability of the film are greatly improved. Additionally, the incorporation of ZrCl4 suppresses nonradiative recombination and forms a matched energy-level alignment with the hole-transport layer (Spiro-OMeTAD). Benefiting from these features, the ZrCl4-doped CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cell (PSC) shows an outstanding efficiency of 16.60% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.29 V. The unencapsulated devices simultaneously show excellent humidity and thermal stability, retaining over 91% of PCEinitial after 1000 h of aging in ambient air conditions and 92% PCEinitial after 500 h of continuous heating at 85 °C in a nitrogen environment, respectively. Furthermore, ZrCl4-doped CsPbI2Br was employed as the front subcell of perovskite/organic TSCs and achieved a remarkable PCE of 19.42%, showing great potential for highly efficient and stable TSCs.

Intensity-Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy Measurements of High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.

Frequency domain characterization has long served as an important method for the examination of diverse kinetic processes that occur in solar cells. In this study, we investigated the dynamic response of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells utilizing ultra-low-intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy. Distinctive intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) attributes were detected only as a result of this low-intensity modulation, and their evolution under light and voltage bias was investigated in detail. We generally observed only two arcs in the Q-plane plots and attributed the smaller, low-frequency arc to trap-dominated charge transport in the device. Light and voltage bias-dependent measurements confirm this attribution. An equivalent circuit model was used to better understand the features and trends of these measurements and to validate our physical interpretation of the results. Additionally, we tracked the IMPS response of one of the cells over time and showed that slow degradation impacts the size and attributes of the low-frequency arc. Finally, we found that changes in the IMPS response correlate closely with the current versus voltage characteristics of the devices.

Constructing orderly crystal orientation with a bidirectional coordinator for high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells

The trifluoroacetate pseudohalide anion, with dual functionalities, is introduced at the buried interface to promote orderly growth. This results in a power conversion efficiency of 25.60% and long-term stability under light exposure.

Molecule-bridged electron-selective contact for high-efficiency halide-based perovskite solar cells

This paper achieves efficient and stable PSCs by constructing molecular bridges between the buried interfaces. PSCs passivated by the H2Mi interface molecular bridge have been proven to have a high PCE of 24.34% and excellent light stability.

Enhancing perovskite solar cell performance through PbI2 in situ passivation using a one-step process: experimental insights and simulations.

The in situ passivation of a methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) phase spin-coated via a one-step process was experimentally investigated to elucidate their fundamental properties. Structural analysis revealed that MAPbI3 adopts a tetragonal crystal structure with a small excess of PbI2 (0.03 M) segregating at grain boundaries. Optical characterization indicated a band gap of 1.53 eV, highlighting the material's potential as an effective visible light absorber. To facilitate the fabrication of efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs), we employed a primary n-i-p planar structure (ITO/SnO2/MAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/Au) in drift-diffusion SCAPS-1D simulations using experimental data from MAPbI3 layers containing excess PbI2. The simulations predicted a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 24%. We further analyzed the impact of series resistance, shunt resistance, MAPbI3 thickness, defect density, as well as radiative and Auger recombination on photovoltaic performance, aiming to identify optimal parameters for enhanced device efficiency. Additionally, the use of ohmic contacts with AZO and IZO as the front and rear contacts, respectively, in the optimized device structure (AZO/SnO2/MAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/IZO) resulted in a PCE of 26.03%. These findings provide valuable insights for future research aimed at achieving high-efficiency bifacial MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells.

Recent progress of buried interface in high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been rapidly developed in recent years due to their excellent photovoltaic performance, which has been actively promoted by many researchers. However, interfacial non-radiative compounding hinders further improvement of their device performance. Buried interface modification strategies can minimize the non-radiative compounding within the interface, resulting in highly efficient and stable PSCs. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the development of multiple classes of materials applied to buried interface engineering for the preparation of highly efficient and stable PSCs, including the development of organic, inorganic, and polymeric materials. The important role of buried interfaces in regulating energy alignment, passivating surface defects, modulating morphology, etc. have been discussed. Furthermore, we propose strategies to reduce nonradiative composites at interfaces. Finally, potential developments and challenges of buried interfaces for high performance stabilized PSCs are presented.

A dual passivation strategy based on F/N co-doped coal-based graphene quantum dots for high-efficiency carbon-based perovskite solar cells

F/N-GQDs were used to synergistically passivate defects of perovskite layers, suppressing nonradiative recombination, optimizing energy level alignment, and improving hole extraction ability, greatly enhancing the photoelectric performance of C-PSCs.

Synergistic surface modulation with isotropic 2D GA2PbI4 and Lewis base enhances efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Guanidinium acetate (GAAc) was applied to treat a perovskite film for fabricating n–i–p perovskite solar cells. The synergistic effect of GA+ and Ac− on regulating the perovskite surface enabled high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells.

Ultra-large dipole moment organic cations derived 3D/2D p–n heterojunction for high-efficiency carbon-based perovskite solar cells

The organic spacer cation with ultra-large dipole moment results in the formation of p-type 2D perovskites and 3D/2D p–n junctions. The hole transport layer-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells achieve an efficiency of 20.08%.

Halogen substitution of perinone-based cathode interfacial materials for high-efficiency inverted perovskite solar cells

A fluorine-substituted perinone derivative exhibits better cathode interfacial modification than the chlorine-substituted one in inverted perovskite solar cells.

High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress and Prospects

The quest for sustainable and efficient energy sources has intensified the exploration of alternative materials and technologies for photovoltaics. As an emerging thin-film photovoltaic technology, chalcogenide solar cells are unanimously at the forefront of research and development due to their excellent light-absorbing capacity, low manufacturing cost, simple structure, and remarkable photovoltaic conversion efficiency. First, this paper reviews the significant progress made in the development of high-efficiency chalcogenide solar cells, including the development of material compositions, device structures, and fabrication techniques that have propelled PSCs to achieve efficiencies over 25%. The paper then highlights innovative approaches in interface engineering, tandem cell configurations, and manufacturing methods that have contributed to the high-efficiency results. While emphasizing efficiency gains, the paper outlines stability challenges, recognizing their role in the practical application of PSC technology. Finally, the paper outlines promising research avenues and technological breakthroughs that could further enhance the efficiency and application of PSCs in the global energy mix, giving them the potential for a wide range of applications in photovoltaic power generation.

Seed-Mediated Growth for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells: The Important Role of Seed Surface.

Additive engineering has emerged as one of the most promising strategies to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among additives, perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have a similar chemical composition and matched lattice structure with the perovskite matrix, which can effectively enhance the efficiency and stability of PSCs. However, relevant studies remain limited, and most of them focus on bromide-involved perovskite NCs, which may undergo dissolution and ion exchange within the FAPbI3 host, potentially resulting in an enlarged band gap. In this work, we employ butylamine-capped CsPbI3 NCs (BPNCs) as additives in PSCs, which can be well maintained and serve as seeds for regulating the crystallization and growth of perovskite films. The resultant perovskite film exhibits larger domain sizes and fewer grain boundaries without compromising the band gap. Moreover, BPNCs can alleviate lattice strain and reduce defect densities within the active layer. The PSCs incorporating BPNCs show a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 25.41 %, well over both Control of 22.09 % and oleic acid/oleylamine capped CsPbI3 NC (PNC)-based devices of 23.11 %. This work illustrates the key role of nanosized seed surfaces in achieving high-performance photovoltaic devices.

Playdough-like carbon electrode: A promising strategy for high efficiency perovskite solar cells and modules

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) are promising candidates for large-scale photovoltaic applications due to their theoretical low cost and high stability. However, the fabrication of high-performance C-PSCs with large-area electrodes remains challenging. In this work, we propose a novel playdough-like graphite putty as top electrode in the perovskite devices. This electrode with soft nature can form good contact with the hole-transporting layer and the conductive substrate at room temperature by a simple pressing technique, which facilitates the fabrication of both small-area devices and perovskite solar modules. In this preliminary research, the corresponding small devices and modules can achieve efficiencies of 20.29% (∼0.15 ​cm2) and 16.01% (∼10 ​cm2), respectively. Moreover, we analyze the limitations of the optical and electrical properties of this playdough-like graphite electrode on the device performance, suggesting a direction for further improvement of C-PSCs in the future.

Accomplishing High Efficiency and High Durability Novel Perovskite Quantum Dots by the Low Carbon Green Technology

Accomplishing High Efficiency and High Durability Novel Perovskite Quantum Dots by the Low Carbon Green Technology

Phase distribution management for high-efficiency and bright blue perovskite light-emitting diodes

Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite materials have attracted significant attention for application in light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) due to their unique optical characteristics and extraordinary performance. The inherent multi-quantum well structure will generate a strong quantum confinement effect which is beneficial for the blue emission. However, the efficiency and stability of the quasi-2D blue PeLEDs lag behind their red and green counterparts, which prevents the further commercial application of the PeLEDs. The performance of quasi-2D blue PeLEDs was limited on account of the inefficient phase distribution management, which causes an inefficient energy transfer and severe non-radiative recombination. Herein, we employ guanidine thiocyanate (GASCN) as the pre-deposited film at the bottom of the perovskite film to manage the phase distribution of the PBA2Csn−1PbnBr3n+1 quasi-2D perovskite film (where n is the number of [PbBr6]4- sheets, and PBA is phenylbutylammonium). The pre-deposited GASCN can not only inhibit the small n-phase (i.e., n = 1: PBA2PbBr4, and n = 2: PBA2CsPb2Br7) but also avoid the undesired emission redshift from the over-growth of the large n-phase as well as passivate defects of the quasi-2D perovskite film, which accelerates energy transfer efficiently, strengthens the carrier transport, and enhances the luminous efficiency. As a result, the optimized device demonstrated the highest external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 16.40% and a maximum luminance of 8290 cd m−2. This strategy provides a new pathway to accurately manage phase distribution of quasi-2D perovskite achieving the high efficiency in blue PeLEDs.

MACl-Induced Controlled Crystallization in Sequentially Deposited Perovskites for High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells are attracting more and more attention due to their higher absorption and low cost. However, fabricating the perovskite film with high crystallinity and ideal morphology, which presents large-size and uniform particles with fewer grain boundaries, still needs further improvement. Herein, we introduce MAPbCl3 crystals into the PbI2 film in the sequential deposition process, which obtained the controlled crystallization in perovskite films. The perovskite films induced by MAPbCl3 have stronger crystallinity, fewer defect states, and larger grain size, reducing carrier recombination and improving carrier transfer. The optimized perovskite solar cell (PSC) has achieved a power conversion efficiency of 20.97%. Furthermore, the stability of PSCs has also been enhanced due to the reduced grain boundaries impeding moisture diffusion. This strategy can be applied in other solution-based fabrication processes to improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs.