Although the number of school-based programs for adolescent mothers has grown considerably over the last 2 decades few attempts have been made to evaluate their impact. A review of recent evaluation attempts suggests that school based programs are not serving a large segment of the pregnant and parenting school aged population: those who drop out before during or after the pregnancy. By dropping out of school early in the pregnancy/parenting process adolescent mothers in this group are unlikely to come into contact with any school-based intervention programs. Efforts would need to be made to identify adolescent women and men who are not successful in school to provide them with opportunities for increased success in school and provide them with an education in basic living and vocational skills. Another approach would be to introduce basic family life/parenting courses into the junior high curriculum. The 2nd group of adolescent mothers/school drop outs consists of those who have every intention of completing high school and may even aspire to further education but who drop out of school within the 1st several months after delivery. Many drop outs in this group could be prevented if: 1) programs for pregnant/parenting adolescents were located in neighborhood schools; 2) all programs include on site infant/child care as a fundamental service; 3) programs that are separate from regular schools are not restricted to keeping young mothers in the programs for only 1 semester or 1 year beyond their delivery date; and 4) attendance policies of schools were more flexible. The 3rd group of adolescent mothers/school drop outs consist of those with high educational aspirations and relatively strong social and institutional support systems who survive quite well until they are faced with a 2nd pregnancy. The most obvious intervention for this group is prevention of the 2nd pregnancy which can be facilitated by education programs at school parental support and understanding at home and cooperation from the medical community.