High Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity Research Articles

Comparison of DASH diet score and total antioxidant capacity of diet on serum levels of TMPRSS-2, inflammatory biomarkers, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients: A case-control study.

There is evidence that healthy diets improve the immune system and lessen the severity of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. We have investigated whether the dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) score could be associated with the occurrence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. This case-control study included 120 adults who were admitted to the hospital. Dietary TAC and DASH diet scores were determined by a 138-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Inflammation-related markers including C-reactive protein (CRP) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS-2) differential were measured. Also, using chest radiology criteria, the severity of the disease was evaluated. The mean CRP values in the lowest and highest tertiles of either dietary TAC or DASH diet scores were 9.44 ± 11.26 and 3.52 ± 4.83 mg/dL (p = .003) or 9.04 ± 11.23 and 4.40 ± 6.23 mg/dL (p = .013), respectively. Individuals with higher dietary TAC were at a lower risk of COVID-19 (OR: 0.06, p < ·0001). Individuals with greater DASH diet scores were also at decreased odds of COVID-19 (OR: 0.12, p < ·0001). No significant associations were found between dietary TAC and DASH diet scores with severity of COVID-19 disease, CRP, or TMPRSS-2 (p > 0.05). The study found that adherence to a diet with higher dietary TAC and DASH diet scores may be protective against COVID-19 and improve outcomes of the disease. More research is needed to corroborate these findings.

P1173 Higher total antioxidant capacity of diet is associated with reduced surgery risk in individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a prospective cohort study

Abstract Background Oxidative stress exacerbates inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), and dietary antioxidants are proposed as a promising manner to counteract this imbalance. However, the role of individual antioxidants in the complex milieu of the human body may exhibit synergistic or interactive effects. The research has yet to comprehensively examine the impact of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) on IBD prognosis. To fill this knowledge gap, this study aimed to investigate the assocaitions between dietary TAC and risk of related surgery among individuals with IBD in a prospectively recruited cohort. Methods We included 2439 individuals with IBD at baseline from UK Biobank. All participants have completed a web-based validated 24-h dietary recall up to five rounds in 2009-2012, reporting their consumption of more than 200 foods and beverages. We calculated the TAC of the diet using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method and were grouped by quintiles. The outcomes of interest were IBD-related surgery (bowel resection, perianal-related surgery, Strictureplasty, and ileoanal pouch formation), ascertained via linkage to national inpatient data. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results During a mean follow-up of 10.4 years, we identified 261 incident surgical cases related to IBD. The mean age of the participants was 56.9 years, and 51% were females. When comparing extreme quintiles of dietary TAC, individuals with higher dietary TAC were associated with a lower risk of related surgery (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.86, P=0.007). The inverse associations between dietary TAC and related surgery were consistent among individuals with ulcerative colitis (HR comparing extreme quintiles 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.96, P=0.036). For individuals with Crohn’s disease, the associations were not significant when comparing extreme quintiles of dietary TAC (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-1.03, P=0.060), while we observed a significant 9% risk reduction (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.65-1.00, P=0.048) of related surgery by per 1-SD increment in dietary TAC among individuals with Crohn’s disease.(Table 1) Conclusion In this large large-scale population-based cohort study, we observed that higher dietary TAC was associated with reduced risk of related surgery in individuals with IBD. Our findings provide insights that could inform dietary recommendations and potentially improve IBD management strategies.

The Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program improves diet quality in patients with established cardiovascular disease: Results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Dietary modifications are essential strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, studies are needed to investigate the diet quality of individuals undergoing secondary prevention in cardiology and who received dietary intervention based on cardiovascular disease management. We prospectively evaluated the diet quality in the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial (BALANCE Program Trial). We hypothesized that the BALANCE Program could improve patients’ dietary pattern according to different indices of diet quality such as the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII); the dietary total antioxidant capacity; overall, healthful, and unhealthful Plant-Based Diet Index (PDI, hPDI, and uPDI, respectively); and modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI). This multicenter randomized, controlled trial included patients aged ≥45 years randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Data from 2185 participants at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, and 48 months showed that the intervention group (n = 1077) had lower mean values of DII and higher dietary total antioxidant capacity, PDI, hPDI, and mAHEI than the control group. The results also showed differences between the follow-up times for DII, hPDI, and uPDI (48 months vs baseline) and for PDI and mAHEI (24 months vs baseline), regardless of group. The interaction analysis demonstrated that the intervention group showed better results than the control group at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months for the DII and at months 12, 36, and 48 for the mAHEI. Our results provide prospective evidence that the BALANCE Program improved the diet quality in those in secondary cardiovascular prevention according to different indices, with the intervention group showing better results than the control group.

Dietary total anti-oxidant capacity is inversely related to the prevalence of depression in adolescent girls

BackgroundOxidative stress is considered to be a contributory factor for depression, and is affected by the dietary intake of pro-and anti-oxidants. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) is an index which is applied to estimate the cumulative power of antioxidants in the whole diet. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between DTAC and prevalence of depression in adolescent girls.MethodsA total of 741 Iranian adolescent girls aged 12–18 years were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake and depression severity score were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and Beck's depression inventory, respectively. To estimate the DTAC, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method was used for selected foods. To explore the associations between DTAC and depression, logistic regression was applied using crude and adjusted models.ResultsIndividuals in the greatest adherence to high DTAC had more intakes of whole grains, legumes, fruits, dried fruits, low fat dairy products, cruciferous vegetables, fiber, magnesium, vitamin C, folate, potassium, zinc, β-carotene, lutein, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin B-6 and lower consumption of refined grains. Subjects in the highest quartile of DTAC had a 39% lower odds of depression compared to those in the first quartile (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38–0.97, P for trend = 0.012); these associations remained significant after adjustments in first, second and third (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.28–0.92, P for trend < 0.001) adjusted models.ConclusionsAn inverse association was observed between the DTAC and the prevalence of depression in our population sample of adolescent girls. Further research needs to be conducted in different areas, including longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.

Relationship between Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and the Prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Antioxidant intake has been suggested to be associated with the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study aimed to investigate whether dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and that of major food groups are related to disease progression rate (ΔFS) and survival time in ALS patients. A total of 301 participants diagnosed with sporadic ALS according to the revised El Escorial criteria were recruited from March 2011 and followed up to the event occurrence, or the end of October 2021. Events included percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, tracheostomy, and death. DTAC was estimated using task automation and an algorithm based on 24 h dietary recall. ΔFS was negatively correlated with the vegetable and legume DTAC, and event-free survival was different among the tertiles of vegetables and legumes DTAC. Consistently, the risk of events was negatively associated with DTAC from vegetables and legumes. These results suggest that the intake of antioxidants, especially those derived from vegetables and legumes, has a beneficial effect on delaying disease progression and prolonging survival in patients with ALS. Further studies with large prospective cohorts and clinical trials are needed to determine whether the consumption of foods with high DTAC improves the prognosis of ALS.

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity-A New Indicator of Healthy Diet Quality in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Polish Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well as healthy diet quality, in a representative sample (n = 5690) of the whole Polish adult population (WOBASZ II study). Daily food consumption was estimated by the single 24 h dietary recall method. Antioxidant vitamins (C, E, and β-carotene) and minerals (Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu) from the diet and supplements were calculated using 5D Diet software, and dietary total polyphenol intake (DTPI) was determined using the Phenol-Explorer database and our database. Total diet quality was measured by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for the prevention of CVD. DTAC was calculated using the data on food consumption and the antioxidant potential of foods measured by the FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) method. It was shown that higher DTAC was associated with a higher intake of polyphenols, antioxidant vitamins, and minerals. Moreover, a higher quartile of DTAC was associated with a reduced odds ratio for cardiovascular diseases in a Polish population, as well as with a higher HDI. Therefore, dietary recommendations for the prevention and therapy of CVDs should take into account a high DTAC. DTAC, measured by the FRAP method, can be considered an indicator of healthy diet quality.

Association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and hypertension in Iranian Kurdish women

BackgroundAntioxidants intake from diet has been identified as one of the effective factors in the development of hypertension (HTN). The present study aimed to investigate the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and HTN in women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed using the baseline phase data of the ravansar non-communicable disease cohort study. The TAC was calculated using food items of the food frequency questionnaire. TAC scores were classified into four groups (quartile). The first and fourth quartiles had the lowest and highest TAC scores, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate the odds ratio.ResultsA total of 5067 women were included in the study. Women with the highest socioeconomic status (SES) had a significantly higher TAC intake compared to those with the lowest SES (P < 0.001). The participants in the third and fourth quartiles of the TAC had significantly lower odds of HTN, respectively by 21% (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.972) and 26% (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.91), compared to the first quartile. After adjusting for confounding variables was found to significantly reduce the odds of developing HTN in the fourth quartile of TAC by 22% compared to the first quartile (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97).ConclusionA high dietary TAC was associated to a decreased odd of HTN in women. We could suggest a diet rich in natural antioxidants as it may help prevent development of HTN.

Higher dietary total antioxidant capacity is inversely associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among adults: A case-control study.

Antioxidants appear to hinder the actions of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The aim of this research was to evaluate the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and H. pylori infection. A case-control study was carried out among 200 patients with H. pylori infection and 402 healthy subjects (18-55 years). Dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DTAC was calculated based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity of each food (except for coffee) reported by the US Department of Agriculture. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile of DTAC, those in the highest tertile had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) in the crude model (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14-0.61; p for trend = 0.001), model 1 (adjustment for age and sex) (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.24-0.58; p for trend < 0.001), and model 2 (adjustment for model 1 plus body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking, dietary intake of energy and fat) (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10-0.40; p for trend ≤ 0.001). A high DTAC is associated with a reduced risk of H. pylori infectionin adults. Further studies are mandatory to elucidate the mechanisms and a dose-effect relationship.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity and its association with renal function and kidney stones: Results of a RaNCD cohort study

There is evidence to support the hypothesis that dietary antioxidants have shown protective effects against chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), renal function, and development of CKD and kidney stones in Ravansar Non‐Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, Kermanshah, Iran. This cross‐sectional study was conducted using the recruitment baseline data of the RaNCD cohort study on 9,777 individuals aged 35–65 years. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was performed to assess diet. DTAC scores were calculated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of selected foods. Renal function was assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine concentration. Prevalent CKD was based on an eGFR less than <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Incidence of kidney stones was also assessed by self‐reporting. Out of 9,777 participants, 1,747 subjects (eGFR: 18.50 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 95% confidence interval (CI): 17.72–19.30) had CKD. The mean DTAC score in this study was 0.24 ± 0.16 µmol TE/100 g (micromole of Trolox Equivalents). We showed a significant trend for eGFR across quartiles of DTAC, i.e., participants in the fourth quartile had a higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than those in the first one (DTAC Q4 vs Q1 = 82.20 versus 72.20 ml/min per 1.73 m2, p < .001). Another finding is that high DTAC scores were not associated with having kidney stones after adjusting for confounders. We revealed that higher DTAC scores have positive effects on the renal function. Interestingly, our findings showed that a high DTAC score had nonsignificant correlation with odds of kidney stones.

The relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity with sarcopenia and cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with sarcopenia and metabolic biomarkers in people with type 2 diabetes in the Kurdish race.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, data of 189 type 2 diabetic patients (35–65 years old) from RaNCD cohort study were evaluated. DTAC, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, body composition, muscle strength, and sarcopenia were assessed. t and χ2 tests to compare the variables between sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic patients and one‐way analysis of variance to compare the variables in DTAC tertiles were used. The relationship between DTAC and different variables was evaluated using multiple logistic regression model.ResultsThe mean age and body mass index were 49.7 ± 8.7 years and 27.1 ± 3.9 kg/m2. Body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference were significantly different between diabetic patients with and without sarcopenia (p < 0.05). In crude (p = 0.010) and adjusted (p = 0.035) models, there was a significant relationship between DTAC and fasting blood sugar. Also, the relationship between DTAC with waist (p = 0.019) and hip (β = −4.25, p = 0.026) circumference was significant. Sarcopenia was significantly lower in the third tertile in comparison with the first tertile of DTAC (p = 0.016). ConclusionDiet with higher DTAC can be associated with lower fasting blood sugar, abdominal obesity and sarcopenia in type 2 diabetic patients. However, further studies are required to confirm these relationships.

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity Is Inversely Associated with Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance in Bialystok PLUS Population.

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and occurrence of prediabetes, diabetes and insulin resistance in the Bialystok PLUS (Polish Longitudinal University Study) population. Daily food consumption was estimated by 3-days 24-h dietary recalls. DTAC was calculated using the date of food consumption and antioxidant potential of foods measured by FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant potential) method. The following measurements were performed to identify prediabetes, diabetes and HOMA-IR: fasting glucose (FG), 2h postprandial glucose level (2h-PG), fasting insulin (FI), glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between DTAC and prediabetes and diabetes. This study demonstrated that higher quartile of DTAC, after adjustment for confounding variables, was significantly associated with a reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of prediabetes in Bialystok PLUS population aged 35–65 years. DTAC was also significantly inversely associated with HOMA-IR in multivariate linear regression model. DTAC was positively related to individual dietary antioxidants (polyphenols, antioxidant vitamins and minerals). Reduced DTAC may be considered as an additional risk factor for the development of diabetes. Therefore, dietary recommendations for prevention and therapy of diabetes should take into account the high DTAC.

The Interaction Between Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and MC4R Gene and HOMA-IR in Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Overweight and Obese Women.

Introduction:The current prevalence of the metabolically healthy obesity is about 3%. Genetic and nutrition are influencers of such phenotypes. The main goal of this study was to assess the interaction between Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (DTAC) and the genotypes of MC4R and Insulin resistance in metabolically healthy/unhealthy overweight and obese women in Iran.Material And Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 237 overweight-obese women with a mean age of 36. The value of Dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) was calculated using the following indices: Total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The Metabolic health status was evaluated using the Karelis criteria. Melanocortin 4 receptor single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Also, insulin resistance was evaluated through homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).Result:Our data noted that 72.96% of participants presented Unhealthy Metabolically and 26.94% Healthy Metabolically including 33.5% of the total had T/T genotype, 23.8% had the C/T genotype, and 42.5% had the C/C genotype (P = .05). A linear regression model test showed that the probability of metabolically healthy obesity was significantly higher in patients with the T/C genotype. The test value was statistically significant (95% CI: 0.000-0.001; P = .056, β = 0). No statistically significant relation was observed between study parameters and DTAC values. HOMA-Index was higher in all unhealthy subjects significantly.Conclusions:The findings indicated that there are significant associations between genotypes of rs1333048 SNP and DTAC. The C/C genotype subjects with higher DTAC had a better lipid profile and were metabolically healthier.

The effect of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and Caveolin-1 gene variant interaction on cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obese women: A cross-sectional investigation

Previous studies have shown that the Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) gene variant may be associated with Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Moreover, dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) has been shown to potentially elicit favorable effects on CVD risk. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the effect of DTAC and CAV-1 interaction on CVD risk factors. This cross-sectional study consisted of 352 women, with overweight and/or obesity, aged 18-48years from Iran. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), with 147 items, was used to assess dietary intake. The CAV-1 rs 3807992 and anthropometric data were measured by the PCR-RFLP method and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), respectively. Serum profiles were measured by standard protocols. Participants were also divided into two groups based on DTAC score and rs3807992 genotype. The mean age of the participants was 37.34±9.11 and 36.01±9.12 years for homozygous (GG) and minor allele carriers (AG+AA) respectively.The mean±SD of insulin, total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and TG of participants were 1.21±0.23, 185.3±35.77, 46.58±10.86, 95.3±24.12 and 118.1±58.88, respectively. There was a significant difference between genotypes for physical activity (P=0.05), HDL (P<0.001), insulin (P=0.04), CRI-I (TC/HDL-C) (P=0.01), and CRI-II (LDL-C/HDL-C) (P=0.04). Our findings also showed, after controlling for confounding factors, significant interactions between DTAC score and the A allele carrier group on TC (Pinteraction=0.001), LDL (Pinteraction=0.001), insulin (Pinteraction=0.08), HOMA-IR (Pinteraction=0.03), AC ((TC - HDL - C)/HDL - C) (Pinteraction=0.001), and CHOLINDEX (LDL-C-HDL-C) (Pinteraction=0.02). The results of the present study indicate that high DTAC intake may modify the odds of risk factors for CVD in AA and AG genotypes of rs 3807992. These results highlight that diet, gene variants, and their interaction, should be considered in CVD risk assessment.

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity Was Associated With Bone Mass and the Risk of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract Objectives Antioxidant intake has been suggested to be associated with the risk of osteoporosis. However, the effect of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) on bone health is not clear. The aim of the present study was to assess the hypothesis that dietary TAC was positively associated with bone mass and negatively with the risk of osteoporosis in Korean women. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008–2011. Dietary TAC was estimated by using task automation technique and algorithm to calculate the theoretical TAC from one day of 24-hour recall data using a TAC database comprising antioxidant capacities of 42 dietary antioxidants, developed for common Korean foods. In total, 8230 women were divided into a postmenopausal and premenopausal group, and each group was subdivided into four groups according to quartiles of dietary TAC. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess relationships between dietary TAC with bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis risk. Results Dietary TAC was negatively associated with the risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.54–0.99; p-trend = 0.045) in postmenopausal women, but not in premenopausal women. Dietary TAC was positively associated with bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women, and BMC of total femur and lumbar spine in premenopausal women. Conclusions The present study suggested that dietary TAC was inversely associated with the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and positively associated with bone mass in pre- and post-menopausal women. Further long-term cohort or intervention study will be necessary to confirm the effect of a high dietary TAC diet on bone health. Funding Sources This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government.

Association of dietary total antioxidant capacity with anthropometric indicators, C-reactive protein, and clinical outcomes in hospitalized oncologic patients

ObjectiveMany studies have shown an inverse association between higher dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and chronic non-communicable diseases, including cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the DTAC with anthropometric and biochemical indicators and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with cancer. MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out with 196 hospitalized patients diagnosed with cancer. The DTAC, determined by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power method, was calculated using a validated standard spreadsheet. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the association, identifying anthropometric indicators that were associated with DTAC and the variables of interest. P < 0.05 was statistically significant. ResultsThe individuals included in the last tertile of DTAC presented lower occurrences of death (P = 0.032), constipation (P = 0.010), dysphagia (P = 0.010), painful swallowing and chewing (P = 0.019), and dehydration (P = 0.032) than individuals in the first tertile. The C-reactive protein values were significantly lower (P = 0.010) and handgrip strength values were higher (P = 0.037) in individuals in the third tertile than in the other participants. ConclusionsDTAC was associated with a better prognosis of hospitalized cancer patients, considering signs and symptoms of nutritional impact, as well as the inflammatory state of the patients. These factors may influence the length of hospital stay and mortality. The findings of this research provide important information for a preventive and nutritional management perspective in this population.

Higher dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) reduces the risk of cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Numerous studies have revealed the protective role of dietary antioxidants against hypertension and diabetes. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the possible role of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) against metabolic parameters in the adult population. Methods: A literature search of authentic electronic resources including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Cochrane had been performed to retrieve the qualified observational studies that reported the mean plus/minus the SD for the parameter in subjects of the highest versus lowest dietary TAC categories up to July 2020. Results: Totally, the number of included studies was 13 for fasting blood sugar (FBS), 12 for systolic blood pressure (SBP), and 12 for diastolic blood pressure (DBP), with the participants' number of 26349. The results of the current study showed that being at highest category of TAC significantly reduces serum FBS (WMD: -2.381; CI: -3.445, -1.316; P<0.001), SBP (WMD: -1.080; CI: -1.458, -0.701; P<0.001) and DBP (WMD: -0.854; CI: -1.655, -0.052; P<0.001), while no significant difference in the serum insulin, HOMA-IR values, prevalence of type 2diabetes(T2DM) (P=0.37) and hypertension (HTN) (P=0.09) was observed. Subgroup analysis revealed the geographical location, dietary assessment tool, sample size, and gender as possible sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion: Higher intake of dietary TAC was associated with reduced SBP, DBP, and FBS in the current observational studies of this meta-analysis. These findings further confirm the clinical importance of dietary antioxidants in the prevention of different metabolic disorders.

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Late-Life Cognitive Impairment: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.

With the dramatically rapid rate of aging worldwide, the maintenance of cognitive function in old age is a major public health priority. The association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of midlife diet and cognitive function in late life is still unclear. The study included 16 703 participants from a prospective cohort study in Singapore. Dietary intakes and selected supplementary use were assessed with a validated 165-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1993-1998). Two dietary TACs were calculated from the intake of antioxidant nutrients: the Comprehensive Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and the Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (VCEAC). Cognitive function was assessed 20.2 years later using a Singapore-modified version of the Mini-Mental State Examination when subjects were 61-96 years old. Cognitive impairment was defined using education-specific cutoffs. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the associations between dietary TACs, component nutrients, and cognitive impairment. A total of 2 392 participants (14.3%) were defined to have cognitive impairment. Both CDAI and VCEAC scores were inversely associated with odds of cognitive impairment in a dose-dependent manner. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval; p-trend) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile was 0.84 (0.73, 0.96; p-trend = .003) for the CDAI and 0.75 (0.66, 0.86; p-trend < .001) for the VCEAC. Higher intakes of vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and flavonoids were all inversely associated with cognitive impairment. Higher dietary TAC was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment in later life in a Chinese population in Singapore.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity and its association with anthropometric, biochemical, and functional parameters in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the association of dietary total antioxidant capacity with anthropometric, functional, and biochemical parameters in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of hemodialysis patients in Western Bahia. A structured questionnaire, three 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements and clinical and biochemical records were used for data collection. Dietary total antioxidant capacity was estimated using 24-hour dietary recalls data. A database of ferric reducing antioxidant power values for foods was used to evaluate the dietary total antioxidant capacity. Multiple linear regression was applied to assess the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity and anthropometric, functional, and biochemical parameters. Results A total of 97 patients were evaluated, of which 57.7% were men and 57.7% were aged between 36 and 59 years. After adjusting for gender, education level, and socioeconomic level, inverse associations were found between dietary total antioxidant capacity and body mass index (p=0.008). Handgrip strength (p=0.037) and serum albumin concentration (p=0.047) were positively associated with dietary total antioxidant capacity. Conclusion High dietary total antioxidant capacity is associated with low body mass index, high handgrip strength, and high serum albumin concentration in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Interaction between Apo A-II -265T>C polymorphism and dietary total antioxidant capacity on some anthropometric indices and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The present study aimed to investigate the interaction of Apo A-II polymorphism and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with lipid profile and anthropometric markers in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) that are at risk for atherosclerosis. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 778 patients with T2DM (35-65 years). Dietary intakes were assessed by a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. DTAC was computed using international databases. Participants were categorised into two groups based on rs5082 genotypes. The gene-diet interaction was analysed by an ANCOVA multivariate interaction model. Total cholesterol, TC; triacylglycerol, TG; high- and low-density lipoprotein, HDL and LDL; TC-HDL ratio; waist circumference, WC and body mass index, BMI were obtained according to standard protocols. Overall, the frequency of CC homozygous was 12⋅1 % among study participants. We found that a significant interaction between rs5082 variants and DTAC on mean WC (PTEAC = 0⋅044), TC concentration (PFRAP = 0⋅049 and PTEAC = 0⋅031) and TC/HDL (PFRAP = 0⋅031 and PTRAP = 0⋅040). Among patients whose DTAC was higher than the median intake, the mean of weight, WC and TC/HDL were significantly higher only in individuals with CC genotype. Also, the high DTAC was associated with a lower TC concentration only in T-allele carriers (PFRAP = 0⋅042). We found that adherence to a diet with high total antioxidant capacity can improve the complications of diabetes and atherosclerosis in the T carrier genotype more effectively than the CC genotype. These results could indicate the anti-atherogenic properties of Apo A-II. However, further studies are needed to shed light on this issue.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and serum lipids among adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and lipid profile in adult population. Methods: The electronic databases of Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies from inception to October 2019. The effect size was indicated as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random effects model. The I2 index and Cochran's Q-test were used for evaluating heterogeneity. Results: From 2,469 studies identified, thirty-four studies (nineteen cross-sectional studies, thirteen cohort studies, two case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. According to our results, higher categories of TAC were associated with significantly lower serum triglyceride concentartions (TG; WMD: -7.58; CI: -11.42, -3.75; P<0.001) and waist circumference (WC; WMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.87; P<0.001); while no significant change in body mass index (BMI; WMD: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.35, 0.01; P=0.12), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; WMD: 0.61; 95% CI:-0.16, 1.40; P=0.12), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; WMD: 1.34; 95% CI: -0.61, 3.30; P=0.17) and total cholesterol (TC; WMD: 1.19; 95% CI: -1.46, 3.855; P=0.37) was reported. Conclusion: Higher dietary TAC was related to reduced prevalence of central obesity, reduced WC and TG concentrations in the current meta-analysis. Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that TAC measurement index, geographical area, dietary assessment tool, health status and gender were potential sources of heterogeneity.